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Dr. Donald Halseth, Coordinator
Department of Horticulture Cornell University
Ithaca, New York 14853
_________________________________________________
2005 USPB/SFA Chip Variety Trials
Sponsored by The United States Potato Board
& The Snack Food Association
____________________________________________________
Cooperators: Dr. Chad Hutchinson, University of Florida, Hastings, FL Dr. William Lamont, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA Mr. Chris Long, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI Dr. Ed Plissey, Bio-Ag Research Associates Inc., Machiasport, MA Mr. Duane Preston, Area Potato Extension Office, East Grand Forks, MN Dr. Jeff Stark, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, Aberdeen, ID Dr. Craig Yencho, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Introduction …………………………………………………………...................... 3 Table 1. Seed Acreage of Current Chipping Varieties …………………………. 3 Procedure …………………………………………………………………………… 4 Overview ……………………………………………………………………………. 4 Table 2. Characteristics of the 2005 USPB/SFA Chip Trial Entries …………… 5 Regional Trial Reports Florida ……………………………………………………………………….. 7 Idaho ……………………………………………………………………….... 11 Maine …………………………………………………………………………14 Michigan ……………………………………………………………………. 17 North Carolina …………………………………………………………….. 23 Pennsylvania ………………………………………………………………… 28 Red River Valley ……………………………………………………………. 31 Table 3. Summary of performance of eight lines in 2005 trials ………………… 36 Table 4. Three-year averages for Dakota Diamond (2003-2005) …………….….. 39 Table 5. Three-year averages for Megachip (2003-2005) …………………….….. 40 Out-of-Storage Evaluations Idaho ………………………………………………………………………… 41 Maine ………………………………………………………………………… 41 Michigan ……………………………………………………………………... 42 Pennsylvania ……………………………………………………………..….. 44 Red River Valley …………………………………………………………..… 45 Table 6. Chip trial entry summary (1985-2005) …………………………………. 46
3
2005 USPB/SFA Potato Chip Trial Results
Dr. Donald Halseth - Coordinator Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
INTRODUCTION The search for new and improved potato varieties is an ongoing and challenging task. During 2002 the United State Potato Board joined with the Snack Food Association in sponsorship of these chip variety trials, which were initiated by the SFA in 1985. The seven trial locations in 2005 were Florida, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and the Red River Valley. This report is divided into two sections. The first section presents the variety data for the 2005 growing and harvest season at each of seven trial locations. The second section consists of the data obtained from storage samples collected during the harvest of the 2004 trials and were held in storage into 2005 for out-of-storage information. The USPB-SFA Potato Technology Committee has thoroughly discussed the need and value of storage data and this report represents the third annual report to include this data.
TRENDS IN THE SEED ACREAGE OF CURRENT CHIPPING VARIETIES
Acreage of seed in 2005 of several newly released varieties which have been or are in current USPB-SFA trials include: Harley Blackwell (160 acres); Dakota Crisp (102 acres), Megachip (50 acres); White Pearl (11 acres) and Dakota Diamond (6 acres). Acreage data obtained from the PAA seed certification section.
Variety
Year Released 2000 2001 2002 2003
2004 2005
1. Atlantic 1976 5,481 5,075 4,645 4,351 3,635 2,592 2. Snowden 1990 3,149 2,485 2,758 2,597 1,627 1,664 3. Dakota Pearl 1999 67 88 248 1,749 1,868 1,348 4. Pike 1995 1,433 1,455 1,304 1,291 883 878 5. Reba 1992 828 755 908 981 898 808 6. NorValley 1996 1,597 2,244 1,946 1,344 475 455 7. Andover 1995 474 419 418 392 393 399 8. Monona 1964 607 307 509 495 586 333 9. Marcy 2003 n/a n/a n/a 94 187 26210. Chipeta 1993 721 742 401 550 356 26011. Ivory Crisp 2001 n/a 92 208 214 187 20712. Kanona 1988 450 180 232 219 160 9413. Norchip 1968 251 206 116 73 52 50
4
PROCEDURE Trial entries are selected from candidates suggested by University and USDA potato breeders who have been very cooperative in this project. The eight advanced breeding lines and newly released varieties evaluated in 2005 were A91814-5, AF2211-9, Dakota Diamond (ND5822C-7), Megachip (W1201), MSJ316-A, MSJ461-1, NY132, and W2133-1 (see Table 2 for descriptions), and were compared with the chip industry standards Atlantic and Snowden. Trial coordinators established trials in seven states with grower or research farm plots where entries were grown using standard cultural practices. Observation on emergence, growth characteristics and maturity are made during the growing season. Yield, tuber size distribution, external and internal defects, and specific gravity were evaluated at harvest. Storage samples were held in grower storages and university facilities and chip processors participated in chipping evaluations from various temperature and storage durations. OVERVIEW
It is important to look at the performance of the individual entries at each location because of the variations in soil types, weather, growing conditions and crop management. Pages 7-35 show the yield, percent size distribution, and specific gravity data obtained at each of the seven regional locations. Table 3 (pages 36-38) summarizes the overall average yield, percent size distribution and specific gravity for each of 8 clones averages over the seven regional trial sites. There were two recently named breeding lines, Dakota Diamond (ND5822C-7) and Megachip (W1201), which completed three years of trialing from 2003 through 2005. These data are presented in Tables 4 (page 39) and 5 (page 40), respectively. This data provided the three-year average for each regional location and reflects the variable performance among eight locations (2005 trial sites plus California).
DAKOTA DIAMOND (ND5822C-7) was named by the North Dakota State University potato breeding program and was selected in a cross between ND4103-2 and Dakota Pearl in 1994. This variety has very high yield potential, averaging 368 cwt/acre No.1 yield over 20 trial sites in 8 states (see Table 4). Dakota Diamond performed exceptionally well in the Michigan and Idaho trials, averaging 620 and 522 cwt/acre of No. 1 yield, respectively. It had a very low percentage of defects as its No.1 yield averaged 95% of total yield. Dakota Diamond has high specific gravity, averaging 4 units above both Atlantic and Snowden in these regional trials. MEGACHIP (W1201) was named by the University of Wisconsin potato breeding program and was selected from a cross between Wischip and FYF85 in 1985. This variety had good yield, averaging 316 cwt/acre of No.1 yield over 20 trial sites in 8 states (see Table 5). Megachip performed best in California, Idaho and Michigan, averaging 489, 424 and 426 cwt/acre of No.1 yield, respectively. It averaged an 85% No.1 yield, with 6% undersize and 7% culls. Megachip had very high specific gravity, averaging 5 units above Atlantic and Snowden.
5
Table 2. Characteristics of the 2005 USPB/SFA Chip Trials Entries
Advanced Seedlings
Characteristics
Seed Provided By
A91814-5
A selection from a 1991 cross between NDA2031-2 and Ivory Crisp. It has mid-season maturity, high specific gravity, high yield and few internal defects. Scab susceptibility similar to Atlantic and a smaller tuber size. Had its highest yield in 2005 USPB-SFA trials in Idaho and best field chip color in Maine.
Dr. Rich Novy USDA-Aberdeen Aberdeen, ID
AF2211-9 A selection from a cross between Atlantic x MaineChip in 1996. It has late maturity, high specific gravity (2 points below Atlantic), and medium-low yield (averaging 80% of Atlantic) in 2005 trials (best yield in North Carolina). Resistant to net necrosis, but moderately susceptible to verticillium wilt and scab.
Dr. Zenaida Ganga University of Maine Presque Isle, ME
MSJ316-A A selection from a cross between Pike and B0718-3 in 1997. Late maturity, moderate specific gravity, a round tuber shape and high yield potential. Scab tolerance and good uniform tuber type. Had its highest No.1 yield in Michigan trial and high specific gravity and good chip color in the RRV trial.
Dr. Dave Douches Michigan State Univ. East Lansing, MI
MSJ461-1 A selection from a 1997 cross between Tollocan x NY88. It has late maturity, lower specific gravity (8 points below Atlantic), and good yield potential (averaging 94% of Atlantic) with highest yields in Michigan and Idaho. Good chip color, tubers attractive enough for tablestock, foliar late blight resistance but scab susceptible.
Dr. Dave Douches Michigan State Univ. East Lansing, MI
ND5822C-7 “DAKOTA DIAMOND”
A selection from a 1994 cross between ND4103-2 x Dakota Pearl. Maturity is late to very late Specific gravity is good (averaged one point above Atlantic), and a very high yield potential (132% of Atlantic). Bright skin, uniform size and shape, and chips from 42F storage. Susceptibility to hollow heart, particularly in large potatoes.
Dr. Susie Thompson North Dakota State Univ. Fargo, ND
6
Table 2. Characteristics of the 2005 USPB/SFA Chip Trials Entries (Continued) NY132 A selection from a 1995 cross between Eva x
Pike. Maturity is late, high specific gravity (equal to Atlantic), and medium yield potential (94% of Atlantic). Attractive tubers, bright skin, very good scab resistance and very good chip color. Occasional levels of internal necrosis, blackspot and hollow heart, but less than Atlantic.
Dr. Walter De Jong Cornell University Ithaca, NY
W1201 “MEGACHIP”
A selection from a cross in 1985 between Wischip x FYF85. It has late maturity, had the highest specific gravity (averaged 2 points above Atlantic), a medium-to-high yield (equaled Atlantic) and had the highest percent of No.1 yield. Early tuber bulking rate of well-sized tubers. Good resistance to early blight and some scab resistance but may have some pressure bruise susceptibility. Good chip color.
Dr. Jiwan Palta, Felix Navarro and Bryan Bowen University of Wisconsin Rhinelander, WI
W2133-1 A selection from a cross between Snowden and Rhl167. Late maturity, slightly lower specific gravity (averaged 3 units below Atlantic), round tuber shape and moderately high yield (95% of Atlantic) in the 2005 trials. Chips direct from 42F storage trials at 7 months.
Dr. Jiwan Palta, Felix Navarro and Bryan Bowen University of Wisconsin Rhinelander, WI
7
FLORIDA REGIONAL TRIAL Local Coordinators: Cooperating Grower: Cooperating Chip Processor: Dr. Chad Hutchinson University of Florida Utz Quality Foods University of Florida/IFAS Plant Science Research and Education Hanover, PA Horticultural Sciences Dept. Unit at Hastings, FL PO Box 728 Hastings, FL 32145-0728 Mr. Doug Gergela University of Florida/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Dept. PO Box 728 Hastings, FL 32145-0728 Trial Data: Planting Site: University of Florida, PSREU Hastings Farm Planting Date: January 27, 2005 Harvest Date: May 23, 2005 (116 days) Growing Conditions: Weather conditions were reasonably good during the 2005 potato season.
January and most of February were fairly dry, however late February and March was wetter than normal in Northeast Florida, which made it a challenge to complete fertilizer sidedressing and hilling. April and May also saw more than normal precipitation. June was dryer than normal. Only three mornings saw temperature readings at or below freezing. Until the middle of May, when daytime temperatures started to become too hot, overall warm daytime and cool nighttime temperatures were conducive to good plant and tuber growth.
Experimental Design: Each variety/clone was planted in a single 250 ft row as directed by the USPB-SFA
protocol. Four 20 ft sections of each row were harvested and graded. This was not a randomized and replicated experiment. Only means were calculated.
Row Spacing: Machine planted. Approx. 8 inches in-row, 40 inches between-rows. Fertilizer: Preplant:100-43-86/A; sidedress: 2 applications of 50-0-43/A (lb N-P-K/A) Pest Control: Telone II, 6 gpa, pre-plant Temik 15G, 20 lb/A, at planting Sencor DF,10 oz/A and Dual II Magnum,16 fl oz/A at hilling Fungicides and Insecticides as needed. IPM program. Chip Ratings: Unfortunately, the Agtron machine for rating potato chip color was broken and
not available for use when the samples were sent to the factory after harvest for processing. Only visible defects are noted.
8
Table 1. Florida Trials 2005: Production statistics for USPB-SFA clones.
Tuber Yield Size Class Distribution3, 4 (%) Size Class Range (%)
No.11 Total % % Specific Clone cwt/A cwt/A No.12 Culls 1 2 3 4 5 2 to 4 3 to 4 Gravity
Atlantic 307 354 87 5 8 66 25 1 0 92 26 1.087 Snowden 193 268 72 2 24 68 5 0 0 73 5 1.079 A91814-5 315 405 78 5 18 75 6 0 0 81 0 1.086 AF2211-9 285 335 85 7 7 59 31 2 0 92 33 1.085 MSJ316-A 334 429 78 3 19 75 4 1 0 80 5 1.086 MSJ461-1 154 299 52 2 44 50 2 0 0 52 2 1.070 ND5822C-7 319 396 81 1 18 77 4 0 0 81 4 1.086 NY132 287 349 82 1 15 75 8 0 0 83 8 1.091 W1201 302 348 87 5 8 65 26 1 0 92 27 1.090 W2133-1 255 298 86 2 12 69 17 1 0 87 18 1.081 Average 275 348 1.084
1No.1 Yield: marketable yield, size classes 2 to 4 2Percent No. 1: calculated based on weight using the formula, No. 1 Wt / Total Yield Wt 3Size Class Distribution: calculated based on weight using the formula, Class Wt / (Total Yield Wt – Cull Wt). 4Size Classes: 1 = 1.5 to 1 7/8", 2 = 1 7/8 to 2.5", 3 = 2.5 to 3.25", 4 = 3.25 to 4", 5 = > 4"; Class size C (<1.5”) was recorded and is included in Total Yield but is not shown as a separate size category.
9
Table 2. Florida Trials 2005: Plant growth and tuber characteristics for USPB-SFA clones.
Plant Growth Characteristics1 Tuber Characteristics2 Percent Early Vine Vine Chip
Clone Stand Vigor Type Maturity IFC SC ST TS ED APP Rating3
Atlantic 73 7.0 9 4 2.0 6.0 5.0 2.5 5.5 6.0 na Snowden 79 6.5 8 4 1.5 5.5 5.0 2.0 5.0 5.5 na A91814-5 70 5.5 6-9 5 1.5 8.0 7.5 3.5 6.0 6.0 na AF2211-9 84 6.8 9-6 4 1.5 7.5 6.5 2.5 5.5 6.5 na MSJ316-A 86 6.0 9-6 4 1.5 7.5 6.0 3.5 5.0 6.0 na MSJ461-1 87 7.0 5-8 2 1.5 7.5 5.0 2.5 4.5 6.0 na ND5822C-7 90 6.8 9-6 2 1.5 7.5 5.5 2.0 5.5 6.0 na NY132 76 5.5 9-6 4 2.0 7.0 6.0 4.0 5.5 4.5 na W1201 69 5.5 9-6 4 1.0 6.5 5.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 na W2133-1 51 60 9 3 1.5 6.0 5.0 2.5 5.0 6.0 na
1Plant Growth Characteristics. Percent Stand: based on 8 inch in-row spacing, 20 ft plot. Early Vigor: 1 = no emergence, 2 = leaves in rosette, 3 = plants < 2 in., 4 = plants 2 to 4 in., 5 = plants 4 to 6 in., 6 = plants 6 to 8 in., 7 = plants 8 to 10 in., 8 = plants 10 to 12 in., 9 = plants > 12 inches.
Vine Type: 1 = decumbent - poor canopy, 2 = decumbent - fair canopy, 3 = decumbent - good canopy, 4 = spreading - poor canopy, 5 = spreading - fair canopy, 6 = spreading - good canopy, 7 = upright - poor canopy, 8 = upright - fair canopy, 9 = upright - good canopy. Vine Maturity: 1 = completely dead, 3 = yellow and dying, 5 = moderately senesced, 7 = starting to senesce, 9 = green and vigorous. 2Tuber Characteristics. Internal Flesh Color (IFC): 1 = white, 2 = cream, 3 = light yellow, 4 = medium yellow, 5 = dark yellow, 6 = pink, 7 = red, 8 =blue, 9 = purple.
Skin Color (SC): 1 = purple, 2 = red, 3 = pink, 4 = dark brown, 5 = brown, 6 = tan, 7 =buff, 8 = white, 9 = cream.
Skin Texture (ST): 1 = partially russet, 2 = heavy russet, 3 = moderate russet, 4 = light russet, 5 = netted, 6 = slightly netted, 7 = moderately smooth, 8 = smooth, 9 = very smooth.
Eye Depth (ED): 1 = very deep, 3 = deep, 5 = intermediate,7 = shallow, 9 = very shallow
Overall Appearance (APP): 1 = very poor, 3 = poor, 5 = fair, 7 = good, 9 = excellent.
3Chip Rating: Ratings not available. Agtron machine not working at processing plant.
10
Table 3. Florida Trials 2005: External and internal defects for USPB-SFA clones.
% External Tuber Defects 1 % Internal Tuber Defects2
Growth Mis- Sun- Rotten Total Clone Cracks shapen burned & misc. Culls HH BR CRS IHN
Atlantic 1 1 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 Snowden 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 A91814-5 0 2 1 1 5 0 0 0 0 AF2211-9 1 1 4 1 7 0 0 0 1 MSJ316-A 0 1 1 1 3 1 0 0 26 MSJ461-1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 ND5822C-7 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 NY132 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 W1201 0 2 2 1 5 0 0 0 0 W2133-1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0
1External Tuber Defects: Total Culls is sum of growth cracks, misshapen, sunburned and rotten/misc. 2Percent Internal Tuber Defects: percent of tubers showing defects; HH = hollow heart, BR = brown rot, CRS = corky ringspot, IHN = internal heat necrosis.
Local Coordinator: Cooperating Grower: Cooperating Chip Jeffrey Stark Processor:Peggy Bain Aberdeen R&E Center R&G Potatoes
Melvin Chappell Aberdeen, Idaho American Falls, IdahoUniversity of Idaho
Trial DataPLANTED 28-Apr-05VINE KILLED 6-Sep-05
HARVESTED 29-Sep-05
PLOT LENGTH 20’ HARVEST LENGTH 20'HILL SPACING 10” ROW SPACING 36”HILLS PER PLOT 24 ROWS/ PLOT 1REPS 4
METHOD OF HARVEST Grimme Machine IRRIGATION Sprinkler16 irrigations applied 20.68 "
FERTILIZER120 N - 100 P - 100 K– pre-plant (26 April, 2005)30 Units N applied with water on July 1,6,15
INSECTICIDES APPLIED/HILLINGAdmire 2F (17 oz/A) - Shanked June 1
FUNGICIDES APPLIEDJuly 12 & 25 Curzate 3.2 oz/acre & Dithane 2 lbs/acre applied with water
HERBICIDES APPLIEDSencor DF 75% (0.33 lb/A), Matrix (1.25 oz/A), Eptam (6pints/A) - Spray Coupe- June 3Also 1 quart Adwet/100 gallons water - Incorporated with 0.5" water
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSBelow Freezing Temps: June 8, 30F; June 9, 27F; and June 10, 30FApril rain fall 2.10 inches, May rain fall 2.75 inches; Total April & May 4.85 "
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTEREDHand weeded field, because weeds were not suppressed from herbicide.
Idaho Regional Trial
(Reglone @ 2 pts/A)
11
Table 1. IDAHO TRIAL 2005, Yield, Size Distribution, Specific Gravity
% Specific Clone US No1 Total <1 7/8 " 17/8-2.5" 2.5-4" >4" Unusable GravityND5822C-7 552 657 14 26 53 6 2 1.090A91814-5 388 531 23 26 42 5 4 1.099W1201 423 486 7 16 52 19 6 1.101W2133-1 339 486 29 31 35 3 1 1.090MSJ461-1 354 482 23 28 40 6 3 1.090MSJ316-A 349 470 25 32 41 1 1 1.097SNOWDEN 319 439 27 34 36 2 0 1.089NY132 352 431 17 26 49 7 2 1.099ATLANTIC 259 329 18 19 47 13 4 1.097AF2211-9 222 288 20 35 40 2 3 1.092
Mean 356 460 20 27 44 6 3 1.094LSD (.05) 82 82 0.005LSD (.01) 110 111 0.007
Table 2. IDAHO TRIAL 2005, Vine and tuber characteristics.Fresh
Vine Vine Stems/ Merit Tuber TuberClone Size 1 Maturity2 Plant Score 3 Color4 Shape5
ND5822C-7 2.8 2.8 2.1 4.0 1.5 1.8A91814-5 3.8 2.5 4.1 2.5 1.0 3.5W1201 3.3 2.0 2.5 2.5 1.8 2.5W2133-1 2.8 2.0 3.1 3.7 2.3 1.0MSJ461-1 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.8 2.0 1.3MSJ316-A 3.5 3.3 2.5 3.8 1.3 1.3SNOWDEN 2.8 2.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 1.0NY132 2.0 2.0 2.1 3.8 2.5 2.3ATLANTIC 1.3 1.5 2.5 2.3 2.8 1.8AF2211-9 1.3 1.5 2.2 3.5 2.0 1.3
Mean 2.7 2.3 2.8 3.3 2.0 1.8
1 (1-5) 5=Large2 (1-5) 5=Late3 (1-5) 5=Best Preference Score4 (1-5) 1=White5 (1-5) 1=Round
Yield (cwt/A) Percent Size Distribution
12
Table 3. IDAHO TRIAL 2005, External and Internal Defects.
Growth % % % %Clone Scab Cracks Knobs Blackspot 5 HH BC IBS VD
ND5822C-7 4.3 4.8 5.0 3.3 20 5 0 0A91814-5 3.0 4.0 4.5 3.2 0 0 0 0W1201 4.0 4.5 4.3 2.5 3 0 3 0W2133-1 3.5 5.0 4.8 3.3 5 0 0 0MSJ461-1 3.0 4.5 5.0 2.9 0 0 0 0MSJ316-A 4.5 5.0 5.0 1.6 0 0 0 0SNOWDEN 2.7 5.0 5.0 3.2 5 0 3 3NY132 3.5 5.0 5.0 3.5 58 0 0 0ATLANTIC 2.5 4.5 4.5 2.5 33 0 3 3AF2211-9 4.0 5.0 5.0 2.9 10 0 0 0
Mean 3.7 4.8 4.9 2.9 2.0 1.0 2.0 3.04 (1-5) 5=None5 (1-5) 5=severe. Tubers peeled in abrasive peeler.6 Percent of defects on 10 large tubersHH=hollow heart, BC=brown center, IBS=internal brown spot, VD=vascular discoloration
Table 4. IDAHO TRIAL 2005, After Harvest Quality Report.
Chip7 Undesirable Internal Exterior Total Clone Field Fry color defects Green defects defects
ND5822C-7 1.3 8 0 0 20 30A91814-5 1.5 non uniform shape 0 4 0 25 29W1201 1.3 lg tuber, deep buds 4 6 4 27 41W2133-1 1.2 4 4 0 30 38MSJ461-1 1.5 some growth cracks 0 6 2 22 30MSJ316-A 1.2 0 10 0 32 42SNOWDEN 1.5 0 2 0 7 9NY132 1.3 0 19 0 39 58ATLANTIC 2.2 hollow heart, scab 0 19 0 22 41AF2211-9 1.5 0 15 0 34 49
7 SFA Color (1-5) 1=lightest8 (0-15) 15=Frito Lay rejection std. Samples rated 2 weeks post harvest samples may have been in sweat and
External defects4 Internal Defects6
R&G Potato Company Ratings8
few tubers
nice
small tubers
stolons adheringsmall tubershollow heart
13
14
Maine Regional Trial
Cooperators: Local Coordinator: Cooperating Grower: Coop. Chip Processor: Ed Plissey, Research Director John Dorman Dennis Derey, Op. Mgr. Bio-Ag Research Double D Farms Frito-Lay, Inc. 601 Yoho Head Road 2312 Exeter Road 1886 Upper Maple St. Machiasport, ME 04655 Exeter, ME 04435 Dayville, CT. 06241 207-255-6166 207-379-2081 860-779-0200-ext. 2304 [email protected] [email protected] 2005 Variety entries: 1. Atlantic (field std.) Arthur Shur, S&R Corp., Island Falls, ME 2. Snowden (storage Std.) Arthur Shur, S&R Corp, Island Falls, ME 3. AF2211-9 Dr. Zenida Ganga, U of Maine, Presque Isle 4. A91814-5* Dr. Rich Novy, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID 5. MSJ316-A* Dr. Dave Douches, Michigan State, E. Lansing, MI 6. MSJ461-1 Dr. Dave Douches, Michigan State, E. Lansing, MI 7. NY132 Dr. Walter De Jong, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 8. ND5822C-7 Dr. Susie Thompson, NDSU, Fargo, ND 9. W1201 Dr. Horia Groza, Ag. Research Station, Rhinelander, WI 10. W2133-1* Dr. Horia Groza, Ag. Research Station, Rhinelander, WI *= New entries, 2005 Trial Data: Previous Crop: Barley, Under seeded – Annual Rye Trial Location Dorman Home Farm, Exeter, Maine Soil: Bangor silty loam series
Fertilization: 140-14-200
Planter and Spacing: Harriston pick type @ 9 inch spacing Plot Size: 1 – 36” Row by 250 ft.
Tillage & Pest Management: Traditional commercial chip production
Planting Date: June 1, 2005 Date Vine Kill: September 12, 2005
Date Harvested: October 13, 2005 Date Field Processed: October 16, 200
15
PROCEDURE Seed sample shipments were received by the Crane Brothers Farm in Exeter, Maine and held in seed storage until all samples had arrived and conditioned for cutting. Seed lots were hand cut and transported to Dorman Farms for planting. The seed lots were planted with a six-row Harriston pick-type planter on the Home Farm along HY 11 and 100. Excessive rainfall in the area delayed planting until June 1st. (3 weeks later than normal) The trial site received adequate rainfall during June and July but became droughty by mid-August. The trial site received standard cultural treatments and pest management applications throughout the growing season. No significant weed or foliar fungal pathogens were noted during the growing season. Some second generation Colorado Potato Beetle feeding pressure was note in the Atlantic and W1773-7 selection in late August however treatment thresholds did not appear to be exceeded. Extended rainfall periods in September and early October delayed harvesting until October 13, 2005, however, no frost events had occurred prior to that date and soil temperatures were in the mid fifty degree level at harvest. A 50-pound tuber sample was delivered to the Frito-Lay Potato Chip plant at Dayville, CT for commercial fry processing. Replicated yield samples were gathered and transported to the Bio-Ag Research for grading, sizing and yield analysis. Winter processing samples were transferred to Dr. Zenida Ganga at the University of Maine Aroostook Research farm potato breeding project for winter storage and chip fry color evaluation A 20 – 25 pound sample was stored in the Dorman Farms storage for late season removal and fry color evaluation.
RESULTS The Atlantic and FL-X grower standard were the high producers in the 2005 SFA trial in Maine. The combination of delayed planting due to heavy rainfall throughout May resulted in a much shortened growing season. All cultivars produced much lower solids and specific gravity levels indicating physiological maturity has not been reached before vines had to be desiccated to facilitate harvest. A droughty August also tended to limit yields on those cultivars that require more uniform soil moisture to achieve maximum yield potential. Culls tubers were primarily sunburn and an occasional pitted scab. MSJ461 produced a lower percentage of marketable tubers than other cultivars with 40 percent of production below 2 inches in diameter. Field samples were transferred to the Frit-Lay, Inc. plant in Dayville, CT and were processed two days following harvest. Field delivery chip fry Agtron Color scores were exceptional for all cultivars. The cultivar NY132 is very susceptible to shatter bruise and had the highest defect score at the processing plant. AF2211-9 continues to produce acceptable yields and solids and scores well in processing recovery. Long-term storage samples were placed in commercial storage at Dorman Farms and at the University of Maine Potato Breeding Project at Aroostook Farm with Dr. Zenida Ganga and results will be reported at a later date. The cooperation of John Dorman at Double D. Farms in Exeter, Maine, and Dennis Derey, Operations Manager at the Frito-Lay plant in Dayville, CT is sincerely appreciated. Dorman Farms have been the host of the Maine SFA trial for 20 consecutive years as has the participation of Dennis Derey at Frito-Lay.
Tab
le 1
. T
otal
and
Mar
keta
ble
Yie
ld, S
ize
Dis
trib
utio
n an
d Pr
oces
sing
Qua
lity
Cha
ract
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tics o
f USP
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FA C
hip
Cul
tivar
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wn
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entr
al M
aine
– 2
005.
Y
ield
: Cw
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c.
.
Pe
rcen
t (%
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e D
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ibut
ion
M
arke
tabl
e
Tot
al
P
erce
nt
Smal
l
Med
ium
.
L
arge
Spe
cific
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gtro
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otal
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ar
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U
s No.
1
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0 –
2”
2 –
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2-1
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3.5
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ver
3.5’
G
ravi
ty
Col
or
Val
ue
So
lids
Int.
E
xt.
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TL
AN
TIC
3
45.0
36
8.8
93.
5
4.
4
2
.0
5
.1
5
1.5
37.
0
1.0
71
7
0.3
-0.9
1
17
.7
0
5
MSJ
461-
1
2
83.8
34
5.0
8
2.2
0.4
17.5
2
2.6
58
.8
0.
7
1.0
63
6
9.5
-0.5
2
16
.1
1
2
AF2
211-
9
2
76.3
28
5.0
9
7.0
0.4
2.6
7.9
82.0
7.1
1
.073
69.
1
-2
.01
18.1
0
0
M
SJ31
6-A
2
67.5
28
5.0
9
3.9
0.8
5.3
1
3.6
78
.9
1.
3
1.0
65
6
8.3
-1.7
2
16
.4
0
7
ND
5822
C-7
2
21.3
23
3.8
9
4.6
2.1
3.3
1
0.7
77
.0
7.
0
1.0
74
6
9.5
-1.0
7
1
8.3
6
0
N
Y13
2
207
.5
220.
0
94.
3
0
5
.7
12.
5
76.1
5.7
1
.063
69.
7
-2
.21
16.
1 6
10*
W12
01
201
.9
204.
4
98.
8
0
0.2
5 1
0.4
84
.4
4.
0
1.0
72
68.0
-1.0
1
1
7.9
1
2
A
9181
4-5
200
.0
217.
5
92.
0
1.
7 6
.3
13.
8
78.2
0
1
.076
70
.5
-1
.1
18.
7 1
5
SNO
WD
EN
1
96.3
21
1.3
9
3.0
1.8
5.4
1
8.9
73
.9
0
1.0
66
69.5
-2.5
2
1
6.7
0
5
*
= Sh
atte
r Bru
ise
Spe
cific
gra
vity
mea
sure
d by
SFA
hyd
rom
eter
. 16
17
Michigan Regional Trial
Local Coordinators: Cooperating Grower: Cooperating Chip Processor: Chris Long Greg Perkins Herr Foods, Inc. Dave Douches V & G Farms Nottingham, PA Michigan State University Stanton, MI East Lansing, MI Trial Data: Planting Date: May 25, 2005 Vine Kill Date: Unknown Harvest Date: October 10, 2005 (139 DAP) Row & Plant Spacing: 34″ x 10″; irrigated Plots: Single rows for each entry approximately 300′ long Trial Procedure: Seed was mechanically cut on May 3, 2005 and delivered to the grower’s storage the following day. No seed treatments were applied at the time of seed cutting. The seed of A91814-5 contained, what appeared to be, severe infections of blackleg and dry rot in 50% of the tubers. Consequently, there was limited seed available to plant the plot, but we were able to harvest all three replications in this variety. At harvest, three plot areas of 23 feet were harvested from each entry and were used to determine yields, size distribution, specific gravity and internal defects. A 40 lb. storage sample was collected from each entry and was placed in the grower’s commercial storage for evaluation in spring 2006. Twenty-five tuber samples were also collected at harvest and stored at the Michigan Potato Industry Commission’s Cargill Demonstration Storage Facility at approximately 48ºF and 55ºF for both a February and May evaluation. Two out of the field chip samples were taken for each variety at harvest. One was sent to Herr Foods for processing and the additional sample was processed at Michigan State University. A plant growth and vigor observation was made on June 29th. Dakota Diamond (ND5822C-7) appeared to be the most vigorous vine type followed by Megachip (W1201) and A91814-5. The MSJ316-A appeared to have the slowest rate of vine growth on this date.
18
Growing Season Weather: Weather conditions during the 2005 growing season were warm and dry. September was the wettest month, receiving just 3.9” of rainfall. Total rainfall, April through September, was 15.05” averaging 2.5” per month over this same period. Rainfall for 2005 was under the 15 year average of 20.66” by approximately 5.5”. Daytime temperatures were elevated June through August, with temperatures being 2 to 5 degrees higher than the 15 year average during this period. There were three days in June and one in August where daytime temperatures exceeded 90ºF. Also, nighttime temperatures during the month of June were slightly higher than the 15 year average. One day in June the nighttime temperature reached 72.6ºF. The average nighttime lows for June, July and August were 60ºF, 58ºF and 58ºF, respectively. Results: Table 1 summarizes the yield, size distribution, and specific gravity data at harvest. Dakota Diamond (ND5822C-7) occupies the top yield spot for the third year running. This variety exhibits excellent gravity and a good marketable yield. NY132 and AF2211-9 fell below the yield expectations for this trial at 260 and 184 cwt. respectively. A91814-5, AF2211-9 and MSJ461-1 have specific gravity levels below the industry standard of 1.080. Table 1. Yield ,Size Distribution*, Specific Gravity
SpecificEntry US#1 TOTAL US#1 Small Mid-Size Large Culls Gravity
ND5822C-7 621 648 95 3 72 23 2 1.089MSJ461-1 404 474 85 15 84 1 0 1.073MSJ316-A 380 420 91 7 82 9 2 1.079SNOWDEN 375 403 94 6 89 5 0 1.082Megachip 368 399 92 6 83 9 2 1.083W2133-1 304 336 91 8 83 8 1 1.084A91814-5 301 407 74 21 72 2 5 1.067ATLANTIC 275 318 87 9 85 2 4 1.081NY132 260 300 87 11 81 6 2 1.080AF2211-9 184 226 83 12 75 7 5 1.070
Average 380 413 88 1.079*small <1 7/8"; mid-size 1 7/8"-3 1/4"; large >3 1/4"
Yield (cwt/A) Percent Size Distribution
19
Table 2 summarizes the at-harvest tuber quality. Dakota Diamond had a higher than average incidence of hollow heart with 7 out of 30 cut showing the defect. The hollow heart that appeared in AF2211-9 appeared to be significant given the small yield and size profile of the variety. The following comments regarding scab susceptibility are observations from the field trial during grading. The Dakota Diamond variety had excellent field resistance to common scab. On the contrary, the A91814-5 and the AF2211-9 exhibited the highest level of susceptibility. These varieties contained significant surface and pitted scab. Table 2. At Harvest Tuber Quality. V & G Farms, Michigan.
Scab2
Entry HH VD IBS BC Total Cut ToleranceND5822C-7 7 0 0 0 30 0.5MSJ461-1 1 0 0 0 30 2.0MSJ316-A 2 0 0 0 30 1.5SNOWDEN 2 1 0 0 30 3.5Megachip 4 1 0 0 30 2.0W2133-1 2 0 0 0 30 3.0A91814-5 0 0 0 0 30 3.5ATLANTIC 1 0 0 0 30 3.5NY132 2 0 0 0 30 1.5AF2211-9 5 0 0 0 30 3.5
1Internal Defects. HH = hollow heart, VD = vascular discoloration, IBS = internal brown spot, BC = brown center.2Scab reading October 10, 2005. 0 = no infection, 1 = low infection < 5%, 3 = intermediate, 5 = highly susceptible.
Internal Defects1
20
Table 3 shows the post harvest chip quality based on samples collected at harvest on October 10th and processed at Herr Foods Inc. on October 18th, 9 days after harvest. Chip colors were generally good, with Megachip, ND5822C-7, W2133-1 and MSJ461-1 having the best overall appearance. Some varieties had a significant amount of total chip defects primarily A91814-5, AF2211-7 and MSJ316-A. Table 3. 2005 Post-Harvest Chip Quality1.
Agtron SFA2 Specific Entry Color Color Gravity Internal External Total
ND5822C-7 64.1 2.0 1.085 21 1 22MSJ461-1 61.7 2.0 1.063 19 17 36MSJ316-A 59.5 3.0 1.079 50 2 52SNOWDEN 67.8 2.0 1.075 14 22 36Megachip 61.7 2.0 1.078 32 12 44W2133-1 59.1 2.0 1.076 23 10 33A91814-5 58.2 4.0 1.073 28 37 65ATLANTIC 63.1 3.0 1.075 20 27 47NY132 64.1 3.0 1.075 28 12 40AF2211-9 57.2 4.0 1.066 37 16 53
1 Samples collected at harvest October 10th and processed by Herr Foods Inc., Nottingham, PA on October 18, 2005 (9 days).
Chip defects are included in Agtron and SFA samples.2 SFA Color: 1 = lightest, 5 = darkest 3 Percent Chip Defects are a percentage by weight of the total sample; comprised of undesirable color, greening, internal defects and external defects.
Percent Chip Defects3
21
Table 4 summarizes the results of the samples collected for black spot bruise. Two-25 tuber samples were collected at harvest. One sample served as a check and the second sample was stored for at least 12 hours at 50ºF, then placed in a 6 sided plywood drum and rotated 10 times to produce a simulated bruise. Two to three weeks later, all samples were abrasively peeled and scored for black spot bruise. All entries had a high percentage of bruise free potatoes among the check samples except NY132 and W2133-1. Among the “Simulated Bruise” samples, the best entries were Megachip, MSJ316-A and A91814-5. NY132, Snowden and AF2211-9 showed the lowest percent bruise free. Table 4. Black spot Bruise Test
Percent Average Percent AverageTotal Bruise Bruises Per Total Bruise Bruises Per
Entry 0 1 2 3 4 5 Tubers Free Tuber 0 1 2 3 4 5 Tubers Free TuberND5822C-7 24 1 25 96 0.0 17 5 2 1 25 68 0.5MSJ461-1 25 25 100 0.0 15 9 1 25 60 0.4MSJ316-A 25 25 100 0.0 19 5 1 25 76 0.3SNOWDEN 25 25 100 0.0 10 12 2 1 25 40 0.8Megachip 25 25 100 0.0 19 6 25 76 0.2W2133-1 20 5 25 80 0.2 16 5 2 1 1 25 64 0.7A91814-5 25 25 100 0.0 20 3 1 1 25 80 0.3ATLANTIC 25 25 100 0.0 17 8 25 68 0.3NY132 22 3 25 88 0.1 5 11 1 5 3 25 20 1.6AF2211-9 25 25 100 0.0 12 12 1 25 48 0.6
1Tuber samples collected at harvest and held at room temperature for later abrasive peeling and scoring.2Tuber samples collected at harvest, held at 50ºF for at least 12 hours, then placed in a 6 sided plywood drum and rotated 10 times to produce simulated bruising. They were then held at room temperature for later abrasive peeling and scoring.
A. Check Samples1 B. Simulated Bruise Samples2
Variety Comments: DAKOTA DIAMOND (ND5822C-7): Emergence and plant vigor were noted as above average. This clone has tremendous plant vigor with very large vines. Tuber type was nice, but hollow heart continues to be a factor in the cut oversize tubers. Scab tolerance seems to be strong. Chip color was nice with an Agtron score of 64.1. Concerns still remain in regard to elevated total glycoalkoloides in this variety, as well as masking of PVY symptoms. This variety exhibited a slight susceptibility to black spot bruise. MSJ461-1: This variety exhibited an above average yield of uniform round tubers. Internal defects in the tubers were low. The number of “B” sized tubers was higher than average at 15%. The Agtron score was excellent at 61.7. The recorded specific gravities at harvest and at Herr Foods, Inc. were below the minimum processing stand of 1.080. This variety was one of the least susceptible to black spot bruise in this trial. MSJ316-A: US#1’s yield was above average at 380 cwt/A. Specific gravity was acceptable given the growing season. Internal defects were low and the scab rating was acceptable. The variety emerged slowly after planting and appeared to be later maturing than the other varieties. Chip color was below average, with the highest percent of internal defects overall. The internal defects were the result of poor internal color. Susceptibility to black spot was slight.
22
SNOWDEN: An above average yield at 375 cwt/A and an average specific gravity of 1.082. Snowden posted the highest Agtron score of 67.8 with a lower percent of total defects on average than many of the other varieties. The percent of bruise free potatoes were below average at 40%. Surface and pitted scab was moderate at harvest. MEGACHIP (W1201): This variety was seen to have good plant vigor on June 29th and produced a strong yield of good size potatoes. A consistent, strong specific gravity continues to be noted in this variety, generally in the 1.083 to 1.089 range. A slight amount of hollow heart was noted in the oversize tubers. Megachip appears to be a later maturing variety that bulks early with some scab tolerance. Chip quality was excellent, with only a trace of black spot bruise this year. W2133-1: The US#1 yield for this variety was average at 304 cwt/A. The specific gravity was above average at 1.084. Internal quality was good, with moderate susceptibility to pitted scab noted. Chip quality was very good overall, placing W2133-1 with the top chip performers in this trial. Susceptibility to black spot was medium. A91814-5: Yield was below average at 301 cwt/A. This variety recorded the highest percent of “small” potatoes at 21% with an unacceptable specific gravity. The tubers appeared to be very susceptible to surface and pitted scab. Chip quality was poor recording the highest level of total chip defects at 65%. Black spot bruise susceptibility was slight. ATLANTIC: Below average yield for this trial with a moderate specific gravity at 1.081. The variety exhibited a high level of susceptibility to common scab. Chip quality was average. NY132: This variety had a marginal yield at 260cwt/A. The specific gravity was acceptable at 1.080. Internal quality was good with moderate scab tolerance. Overall, chip quality was good with an Agtron reading of 64.1 and a moderate total chip defect score of 40%. This variety appeared to be very susceptible to black spot bruise at 1.6 bruises per tuber. AF2211-9: This variety recorded the lowest yield in this year’s trial again with a large percent of “small” size tubers. The specific gravity was unacceptable at 1.070. Five tubers exhibited hollow out of the thirty cut. Given the smaller size profile of this variety this level of hollow heart is significant. This variety also appears to be very susceptible to common scab. The chips recorded a 57.2 Agtron score, the lowest in the trial. Black spot bruise susceptibility was slight to moderate this season.
North Carolina Regional Trial
Local Coordinators: Cooperating Grower: Cooperating Chip Processor: Dr. Craig Yencho Chris Hopkins Utz Quality Foods North Carolina State University Black Gold Farms Hanover, PA 214A Kilgore Hall 2815 N Gum Neck Road Raleigh NC, 27695 Columbia, NC 27925 Mr. Mark Clough North Carolina State University 207 Research Station Rd. Plymouth NC 27962 Trial Data: Planting Site: Black Gold Farms, Gum Neck, Tyrrell County, NC Planting Date: March 10, 2005 Harvest Date: July 7, 2005 (119 days) Growing Conditions: Planting started on time, with rains occurring during the middle and later parts of March after
planting. Because of the timing of rains in late March and early April per-emergence herbicides were sprayed late and sensitivity was noted in several clones (discussed in clone summaries below). Temperatures throughout the majority of the season were favorable for growth. Rains this year came in large doses at a time or none at all, still overall quantities were adequate during the growing season. Early vine decline occurred as a result of severe ozone injury. Rains at harvest delayed digging two weeks resulting in higher than normal levels of soft rot.
Weather Data: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July
Mean Temp 41 40 60 60 63 75 80 Max Temp 70 45 63 84 81 90 90 Min Temp 17 24 26 36 44 55 66 Precip 2.78 0.61 4.12 2.28 6.00 7.66 3.89 30yr Avg 3.95 3.64 4.08 3.43 4.41 4.67 6.39 Precip Dev. -1.17 -3.03 0.04 -1.15 1.59 2.99 -2.50
Soil Type: Perquimans loam Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Row Spacing: 28 hills, 9 inches apart, 34” row width. Fertilizer: 149 lbs N, 50 lbs P, 159 lbs K Broadcast 48 lbs N (spray, post-emergence) Weed Control: Roundup Original Max 19.34 fl oz/A (pre-plant) Weedar 16.52 fl oz/A (pre-plant) Dual Magnum 1.42 pts/A Sencor DF .51 lbs/A Matrix .57 oz/A Insect Control: Baythroid 2 oz/A Actara 1.5 oz/A Disease Control: Amistar 9.6 oz/A Manzate 75DF 2lbs/A Curzate 60 DF 3.2 oz/A
23
Tabl
e 1.
Nor
th C
arol
ina:
Tot
al a
nd m
arke
tabl
e yi
eld,
per
cent
age
of to
tal y
ield
by
size
cla
ss, s
peci
fic g
ravi
ty a
nd c
hip
scor
es.
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
To
tal Y
ield
M
arke
tabl
e Y
ield
% S
ize
Dis
tribu
tion
by C
lass
1
17 / 8 21 / 2
Spec
ific
Chi
p
Clo
ne
cwt/A
cw
t/A
1 2
3 4
5 C
ulls
to
4"
to 4
" G
ravi
ty2
Col
or3
A91
814-
5
421
264
19
47
16
0 0
17
63
16
1.07
5 2
AF2
211-
9
398
298
11
40
34
1 0
15
75
35
1.08
0 2
AT
LA
NT
IC
416
349
9 41
43
0
0 7
84
43
1.07
9 3
MSJ
316-
A
416
293
18
57
13
0 0
12
71
14
1.06
7 3
MSJ
461-
1
386
259
25
50
17
0 0
8 67
17
1.
067
3 N
D58
22C
-7
486
380
14
45
33
0 0
8 78
33
1.
085
3 N
Y13
2
452
373
9 49
33
1
0 8
82
34
1.08
0 3
SNO
WD
EN
39
7 28
3 22
54
17
0
0 7
71
17
1.07
9 1
W12
01(M
egac
hip)
38
0 28
6 12
44
31
0
0 13
76
31
1.
078
3 W
2133
-1
408
320
14
45
32
1 0
7 78
33
1.
077
2 G
rand
Mea
n 41
6 31
0 C
V(%
) 8
11
LSD
(K=1
00)
53.5
49
.9
1 Siz
e C
lass
es:
1's <
1 7
/8";
2's
1 7/
8 to
2 1
/2";
3's
2 1/
2 to
3 1
/4";
4's
3 1/
4 to
4";
5's ≥
4"; C
ulls
= a
ll de
fect
ive
pota
toes
. 2 S
peci
fic G
ravi
ty
Det
erm
ined
by
wei
ght i
n ai
r/wat
er m
etho
d.
3 Chi
p C
olor
R
atin
gs c
ondu
cted
by
the
NC
SU P
otat
o B
reed
ing
Prog
ram
at t
he T
RS/
VG
JREC
with
in 9
6 hr
s afte
r har
vest
: 1 =
no
defe
cts,
exce
ptio
nally
brig
ht; 2
= e
xcel
lent
, br
ight
; 3 =
goo
d, li
ght o
r gol
den;
4 =
dar
k de
fect
s, m
argi
nal;
5 =
not a
ccep
tabl
e.
24
Tabl
e 2.
Nor
th C
arol
ina:
Pla
nt v
ine
type
, dis
ease
and
air
pollu
tion
scor
es, m
atur
ity a
t ca.
3 w
eeks
prio
r to
harv
est,
and
exte
rnal
an
d in
tern
al tu
ber a
ttrib
utes
. __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
Pla
nt D
ata1
Tube
r Dat
a2
% In
tern
al D
efec
ts3
C
lone
TY
PE D
IS
POLL
MA
T
CLR
TX
T TC
X T
SS
SHP
EYE
SIZE
D
IS
APP
HN
H
NR
H
H V
R
BC
SR
A
9181
4-5
5
8 8
4 9
7 4
5 5
7 5
5 3
5 8.
3 15
0
3 10
A
F221
1-9
9
9 8
5 7
6 7
6 2
7 6
5 5
3 8.
5 8
0 13
8
AT
LA
NT
IC
6 9
8 4
6 5
7 7
2 6
7 7
6 25
7.
0 18
0
15
5 M
SJ31
6-A
5
9 8
6 6
7 5
4 5
8 5
. 4
53
6.8
18
0 15
13
M
SJ46
1-1
6
8 8
6 6
6 5
5 3
7 5
. 5
5 8.
5 0
0 0
0 N
D58
22C
-7
9 9
9 7
9 8
6 5
2 7
6 .
5 3
8.8
15
0 33
8
NY
132
6
9 8
5 6
7 6
7 5
8 7
. 7
0 9
3 0
3 8
SNO
WD
EN
9
9 8
5 5
5 7
6 2
6 5
. 6
3 8.
8 0
0 0
5 W
1201
(Meg
achi
p)
9 9
8 4
6 6
7 6
3 6
6 .
5 0
9 3
0 0
28
W21
33-1
6
9 8
4 5
6 4
5 2
7 6
. 5
0 9
0 0
3 0
1 Pla
nt D
ata:
V
ine
Typ
e: 1
= d
ecum
bent
–po
or c
anop
y, 2
= d
ecum
bent
– fa
ir ca
nopy
, 3 =
dec
umbe
nt –
goo
d ca
nopy
, 4 =
spre
adin
g –
poor
can
opy,
5 =
spre
adin
g –
fair
cano
py,
6 =
spre
adin
g - g
ood
cano
py, 7
= u
prig
ht –
poo
r can
opy,
8 =
upr
ight
– fa
ir ca
nopy
, 9 =
upr
ight
goo
d ca
nopy
. V
ine
Dis
ease
: 1 =
ver
y se
vere
, 5 =
mod
erat
e, 9
= n
one.
V
ine
Pollu
tion:
1 =
ver
y se
vere
, 5 =
mod
erat
e, 9
= n
one.
V
ine
Mat
urity
: 1=
very
ear
ly, 5
= m
id-s
easo
n, 9
= v
ery
late
. 2 T
uber
Dat
a:
Skin
Col
or: 1
= p
urpl
e, 2
= re
d, 3
= p
ink,
4 =
dar
k br
own,
5 =
bro
wn,
6 =
tan
to li
ght b
row
n, 7
= b
uff,
8 =
whi
te, 9
= c
ream
. Sk
in T
extu
re: 1
= pa
rtial
russ
et, 2
= h
eavy
russ
et, 3
= m
oder
ate
russ
et, 4
= li
ght r
usse
t, 5
= ne
tted,
6 =
slig
ht n
et, 7
= m
oder
atel
y sm
ooth
, 8
= sm
ooth
, 9 =
ver
y sm
ooth
. C
ross
Sec
tion:
1 =
ver
y fla
t, 3
= fla
t, 5
= in
term
edia
te to
ova
l, 7
= m
ostly
roun
d, 9
= v
ery
roun
d.
Skin
Set
: 1 =
ver
y po
or, 5
= fa
ir, 9
= e
xcel
lent
. Sh
ape:
1 =
ver
y ro
und,
2 =
mos
tly ro
und,
3 =
roun
d to
obl
ong,
4 =
mos
tly o
blon
g, 5
= o
blon
g, 6
= o
blon
g to
long
, 7 =
mos
tly lo
ng, 8
= lo
ng,
9 =
cylin
dric
al.
Eye
Dep
th: 1
= ve
ry d
eep,
5 =
med
ium
, 9 =
ver
y sh
allo
w.
Size
: 1 =
smal
l, 5
= m
ediu
m, 9
= la
rge.
T
uber
Dis
ease
: 1 =
ver
y se
vere
, 5 =
mod
erat
e, 9
= n
one.
O
vera
ll A
ppea
ranc
e: 1
= v
ery
poor
, 5 =
fair,
9 =
exc
elle
nt.
3 Inte
rnal
Def
ects
: Pe
rcen
tage
det
erm
ined
from
10
rand
omly
sele
cted
pot
atoe
s /re
p (4
0 to
tal)
in si
ze c
lass
es 3
and
4.
HN
=hea
t nec
rosi
s; H
NR
=ave
rage
hea
t nec
rosi
s rat
ing
(Rat
ing
Scal
e: 1
= ve
ry se
vere
to 9
= a
bsen
t); H
H=h
ollo
w h
eart;
VR
=vas
cula
r rin
g di
scol
orat
ion;
BC
=bro
wn
cent
er; S
R=s
oft r
ot
25
Table 3. North Carolina: UTZ Quality Foods Chip Data. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ % Defects %Total Specific Defect Descriptions1 Chip Clone Internal External Defects Gravity Internal External Color2 A91814-5 23 0 23 1.076 VB,ID . 2 AF2211-9 9 0 9 1.079 ID,SB . 2 ATLANTIC 13 2 15 1.077 ID,SB ED 1 MSJ316-A 26 0 26 1.070 RR,ID . 3 MSJ461-1 3 0 3 1.073 SB . 2 ND5822C-7 3 0 3 1.080 ID,VB . 1 NY132 2 0 2 1.084 VB . 1 SNOWDEN 7 0 7 1.082 SB . 1 W1201(Megachip) 8 0 6 1.076 ID,VB . 2 W2133-1 3 0 3 1.078 SB . 2 1 Defect Descriptions:
ED = External Discoloration; ID = Internal Discoloration; RR = Ring Rot; SB = Stem End Browning; VB = Vascular Browning.
2 Chip Color: Ratings conducted by the UTZ Quality Foods Inc. in Hanover PA with in 24 hrs of harvest: 1 = no defects, exceptionally bright; 2 = excellent, bright; 3 = good, light or golden; 4 = dark defects, marginal; 5 = not acceptable. Agtron was not available at the time of chipping.
26
North Carolina 2005: Clone Summaries A91814-5: This was a mid-maturing clone, stands were 97% and vigor was better than fair. Shapes tended to be oblong, size was medium and appearance was poor. Marketable yield averaged 76% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.075 and chip color was good. At grading, high levels of soft rot were noted as well as misshapes, sunscald, and secondary growth. AF2211-9: This clone was mid-maturing, stands were 100% and vigor was better than fair. Shapes were mostly round, size was medium to large and overall appearance was fair. Marketable yield was 85% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.080, and chip color was good. Internally 13% brown center was noted, external defects included soft rot, sunscald, misshapes, and growth cracks. MSJ316-A: Stands were 99% for this slightly later than mid-maturing clone, and vigor was fair. This clone showed sensitivity to metribuzin in two of the four replicated plots. Tuber shapes were oblong, size was medium, and overall appearance was less than fair. Marketable yield was 85% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.067 and chip color was acceptable. Internally 53% IHN was expressed with a severity rating of 6.75, hollow heart was rated at 18%, brown center was recorded at 15% and soft rot was noted at 13%. External defects included soft rot, growth cracks, scab, Fusarium, infected lenticels, and sunscald. MSJ461-1: This was a slightly later than mid-maturing clone with 100% stands, and better than fair vigor. Sensitivity to metribuzin was noted in this clone in two out of four replicated plots. Shapes were round to oblong, size was medium, and overall appearance was fair. Marketable yield was 74% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.067 and chip color was fair. No significant internal defects were recorded, external defects included scab, soft rot, sunscald, and high levels of skin blemishes due to Rhizoctonia. ND5822C-7 (DAKOTA DIAMOND): This late maturing clone had 100% stands and good vigor. Shapes were mostly round, size was medium to large, and overall appearance was fair. Marketable yield was 109% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.085, and chip color was acceptable. Internal defects included 15% hollow heart, and 33% brown center. External defects included misshapes, soft rot, sunscald, Fusarium, enlarged lenticels, infected lenticels, growth cracks, and skin blemishes due to Rhizoctonia. NY132: Stands were 96% for this mid-maturing clone with fair vigor. This clone showed sensitivity to metribuzin in two of four replicated plots. Shapes were oblong, size was medium-large, and overall appearance was good. Marketable yield was 107% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.080, and chip color was acceptable. No significant internal defects were recorded. External defects were mishapes, soft rot, growth cracks, sunscald, and skin blemishes due to Rhizoctonia. W1201 (MEGACHIP): This was an earlier than mid maturing clone with better than fair vigor. Metribuzin sensitivity was noted in two of four plots. Shapes were round to oblong, size was larger than medium, and overall appearance was fair. Marketable yield was 82% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.078, and chip color was acceptable. Internal defects included 28% soft rot, external defects were high levels of soft rot, Fusarium, infected lenticels, sunscald, and skin blemishes due to Rhizoctonia. W2133-1: Stands were 89% for this earlier than mid-maturing clone with fair vigor. Shapes tended to be mostly round with an almost flat cross-section, size was slightly larger than medium, and overall appearance was fair. Marketable yield was 91% of Atlantic, gravity was 1.077, and chip color was good. No significant internal defects were recorded. External defects included soft rot, sunscald, misshapes, and infected lenticels.
27
28
Local Coordinator: Cooperative Grower: Cooperating Chip Processor:Dr. Bill Lamont James Hite Snyder of BerlinPenn State Univ. Patton, PA 16668 John BloughDepartment of Horticulture Berlin, PA 15530University Park, PA 16802
Trial Data:Planting Date: 16-May-01 Soil Temperature: 64ºFVine Kill Date: 14-Sep-01 (Reglone)Harvest Date: 17-Oct-01 (154 days) Soil Temperature: 60ºF
Row and plant spacing: 34 inches between rows, 10.5 inches between plantsPlot length 25 feet, 4 replications
Growing Season Weather: the growing season was cool, sunny and dry, with about1/2 inch rain from May 1 through October 31, 2005.
*Avg. High ºF *Avg. Low ºF *Rain (inches)May 64 43 0.03June 80 59 0.12July 82 61 0.15August NA NA 0.04September NA NA 0.04October 61 45 0.10*Pennsylvania State Climatologist 0.48As reported at Altoona, PA
Trial Procedure:Previous crop: OatsFertilizer: 13-13-13 1,250 poundsIrrigation: Plot was not irrigated. Rainfall 0.48 inches for growing season.Herbicides: Roundup followed by Sencor/Dual according to labelInsecticides: 16 oz. / A Admire at planting
1.3 pints ACA+/AcreFungicides: Manzate®, Bravo® according to labelVine Kill: Reglone according to labelSoil Type: Shaley loam
Pennsylvania Regional Trial
Tabl
e 1.
Yie
ld, S
ize
Dis
trib
utio
n, S
pecf
ic G
ravi
ty o
f 200
5 U
SPB
-SFA
var
ietie
s at
Pat
ton,
PA.
Yiel
d (c
wt/A
)Pe
rcen
t Siz
e D
istr
ibut
ion
Entr
yN
o. 1
Tota
lN
o. 1
Smal
l*M
id-S
ize
Larg
eC
ulls
S. G
.
SNO
WD
EN25
232
677
677
413
1.08
4
MS
J316
-19
224
274
827
824
71.
095
NY1
3221
228
175
575
812
1.08
0
ND
5822
C-7
193
285
6816
686
91.
095
ATLA
NTI
C19
126
173
373
915
1.08
4
MS
J461
-116
225
065
2565
010
1.08
6
W21
33-1
160
226
719
712
191.
077
A918
14-5
150
227
6624
660
101.
085
ME
GAC
HIP
148
206
729
721
191.
086
AF22
11-9
144
231
623
6215
191.
087
Aver
age
184
257
711.
086
* sm
all <
2"; m
idsi
ze 2
to 3
-1/4
"; la
rge
>3-1
/4".
29
Agtr
on a
Spec
ific
aM
atur
ity b
Entr
yC
olor
Gra
vity
Rat
ing
Not
es
A918
14-5
651.
089
2flo
wer
ing
ND
5822
C-7
611.
095
2flo
wer
ing
AF22
11-9
631.
079
8N
Y132
651.
084
7SN
OW
DEN
651.
084
6M
egac
hip
631.
088
6C
PB
MS
J461
-164
1.08
23
CP
BM
SJ3
16-1
963
1.08
82
flow
erin
g, C
PBAT
LAN
TIC
611.
081
7W
2133
-163
1.07
75
Aver
age
631.
085
5
Sam
ple
colle
cted
18-
Oct
-05
Sam
ple
proc
esse
d 20
-Oct
-05
Hol
ding
tem
pera
ture
54º
Fa:
Coo
pera
ting
Chi
p Pr
oces
sor S
nyde
r of B
erlin
, Ber
lin, P
A.
b: P
enn
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
, Dep
artm
ent o
f Hor
ticul
ture
, Uni
vers
ity P
ark,
PA
.R
atin
g Sc
ale:
1 =
Gre
en a
nd g
row
ing,
10
= N
early
Dea
dC
PB =
Col
orad
o Po
tato
Bee
tle in
hig
hly
visi
ble
num
bers
Tabl
e 2.
Mat
urity
ratin
g, a
t-har
vest
chi
p co
lor a
nd s
peci
fic g
ravi
ty o
f 200
5 U
SPB
-SFA
var
ietie
s at
Pat
ton,
PA.
30
Red River Valley Regional Trial LOCAL COOPERATOR: Duane Preston, UMN/NDSU Cooperator: Oberg Farms, Hoople, North Dakota Chip Cooperator: Barrel O Fun, Perham, Minnesota Seed: Hand cut and Douglas Fir Bark applied on May 13, 2005 Planted: with 2 row plot planter on May 20, 2005 Fungicide in Furrow: Ultraflourish 11.56 Oz/Ac Amistar 1.7 Oz/Ac Fertilizer: 130-110-150-3 ZN- Fall Applied Herbicide: Matrix 1 Oz. /Ac. Fungicides: Echo Zn 1.5 pints/Ac applied 6 times Insecticides: Leverage 3.75 Oz/Ac applied 2 times Plot: Non-Irrigated Harvested: September 20, 2005 Specific Gravity and Sucrose Rating Analysis: USDA Potato Processing Lab
September 21, 2005 Weighed and Graded: October 6, 2005 Chipped: Barrel O Fun, Perham, MN. September 26, 2005 Barrel O Fun, Perham, MN. November 22, 2005 Storage Samples: Placed in storage at USDA Potato Processing Lab, East Grand Forks, MN. October 6, 2005 Placed larger bag samples in storage at Windsor Farms, East Grand Forks, MN. October 7, 2005 Placed three additional bag samples in mesh bags, weighed into storage and will be weighed out in the following months to evaluate weight loss (shrinkage and quality differences). October 7, 2005
31
Tab
le 1
. R
RV
USP
B-S
FA T
rial
- 20
05 -
yie
ld, s
ize
dist
ribu
tion,
pla
nt v
igor
, hol
low
hea
rt, a
nd sp
ecifi
c gr
avity
.H
ollo
wS p
ecifi
cC
lone
US
#1T
otal
US
#1<
2 in
2-3
1/2
in>
3 1/
2 in
Cul
ls28
-Jun
6-Ju
lH
eart
Gra
vity
ND
5822
C-7
358
402
893
7023
42
20
1.08
8
A91
814-
528
534
184
788
05
13
01.
099
W21
33-1
279
328
857
854
42
31
of 1
01.
099
MEG
AC
HIP
277
318
875
874
42
30
1.10
7
MSJ
461-
126
931
685
1486
01
23
01.
099
MSJ
316-
A24
230
280
1880
11
24
01.
090
AT
LA
NT
IC22
733
284
576
135
33
6 of
10
1.08
5
SNO
WD
EN
217
262
8310
825
42
21
of 1
01.
104
NY
132
182
209
8710
872
22
31
of 3
1.10
1
AF2
211-
918
020
986
485
65
23
5 of
10
1.09
9
* Pla
nt v
igor
(gro
wth
) rat
ings
: 1
= be
st;
5 =
wea
kest
Yie
ld (c
wt/a
cre)
Perc
ent S
ize
Dis
trib
utio
n
OB
ER
G F
AR
MS-
RE
D R
IVE
R V
AL
LE
Y-N
OR
TH
DA
KO
TA
Plan
t Vig
or *
32
Tab
le 2
. R
RV
USP
B-S
FA T
rial
- 20
05 -
Shr
ink,
sucr
ose,
glu
cose
, spe
cific
gra
vity
and
agt
ron
read
ings
. BO
F - F
eb 8
, 06
Perc
ent
Spec
ific
Sucr
ose
Glu
cose
Spec
ific
Agt
ron
Spec
ific
Agt
ron
Spec
ific
Agt
ron
Clo
neSh
rink
Gra
vity
(mg/
g)(m
g/g)
Gra
vity
Gra
vity
Gra
vity
ND
5822
C-7
1.57
1.08
81.
0033
0.00
411.
087
691.
087
541.
085
65
A91
814-
51.
191.
099
1.12
150.
0028
1.09
765
1.09
340
1.08
654
W21
33-1
1.88
1.09
91.
3315
0.00
001.
103
641.
101
551.
098
61
MEG
AC
HIP
1.07
1.10
70.
8099
0.00
001.
104
611.
104
601.
099
63
MSJ
461-
11.
401.
099
0.88
920.
0000
1.09
760
1.09
856
1.09
62
MSJ
316-
A1.
131.
090
0.94
970.
0000
1.10
470
1.09
156
1.08
755
AT
LA
NT
IC1.
831.
085
0.67
100.
0000
1.10
361
1.10
542
1.08
748
SNO
WD
EN
1.40
1.10
41.
3512
0.00
001.
104
721.
104
621.
092
65
NY
132
1.12
1.10
11.
2196
0.00
001.
106
681.
108
591.
104
63
AF2
211-
92.
121.
099
0.99
550.
0000
1.09
866
1.10
154
1.08
960
Perc
ent s
hrin
k be
twee
n 7-
Oct
-05
and
18-N
ov-0
5 (s
ampl
es p
lace
d in
stor
age
7-O
ct, s
tore
d 50
F fo
r 2 m
onth
s, th
en 4
8F).
Spec
ific
grav
ity a
nd su
cros
e an
alys
is:
USD
A P
otat
o Pr
oces
sing
Lab
, Eas
t Gra
nd F
orks
, MN
, Sep
21.
Spec
ific
grav
ity a
nd A
gtro
n ch
ip re
adin
gs:
Bar
rel o
f Fun
, Per
ham
, MN
, Sep
26
and
Nov
22
of 2
005
and
Feb
8, 2
006.
USD
A L
ab -
Sep
21, 0
5B
OF
- Sep
26,
05
BO
F - N
ov 2
2, 0
5
33
RRV Agtron Comparison by Date
65
66
61
61
70
60
69
68
72
64
40
54
42
60
56
56
54
59
62
55
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
A 91814-5
AF 2211-9
ATLANTIC
MEGACHIP
MSJ 316A
MSJ 461-1ND 5822C-7
NY 132
SNOWDEN
W 2133-1
9/26/2005
11/22/2005
34
RRV Specific Gravity Comparison by Date
1.097
1.097
1.106
1.103
1.093
1.101
1.105
1.091
1.098
1.087
1.108
1.101
1.098
1.103
1.104
1.104
1.087
1.104
1.104
1.104
1.075
1.08
1.085
1.09
1.095
1.1
1.105
1.11
A 91814-5
AF 2211-9
ATLANTIC
MEGACHIP
MSJ 316A
MSJ 461-1
ND 5822C-
7NY 132
SNOWDEN
W 2133-1
9/26/2005
11/22/2005
35
Tabl
e 3.
Ove
rall
aver
age
yiel
d, p
erce
nt s
ize
dist
ribut
ion
and
culls
, spe
cific
gra
vity
and
out
of f
ield
chi
pco
lor f
or e
ight
line
s an
d tw
o st
anda
rds
grow
n in
FL,
ID, M
E, M
I, N
C, P
A a
nd R
RV
in 2
005.
Spec
ific
Stat
eC
lone
No.
1To
tal
No.
1Sm
all
Mid
-Siz
eLa
rge
Cul
lsG
ravi
tyA
gtro
nSF
A
FLA
9181
4-5
315
405
7818
810
51.
086
IDA
9181
4-5
388
531
7323
685
41.
099
1.5
ME
A91
814-
520
021
892
692
02
1.07
670
.5M
IA
9181
4-5
301
407
7421
722
51.
067
58.2
4.0
NC
A91
814-
526
442
163
1963
017
1.07
52.
0P
AA
9181
4-5
150
227
6624
660
101.
085
65.0
RR
VA
9181
4-5
285
341
847
880
51.
099
65.0
aver
age
272
364
7617
761
71.
084
64.7
2.5
FLA
F221
1-9
285
335
857
902
71.
085
IDA
F221
1-9
222
288
7720
752
31.
092
1.5
ME
AF2
211-
927
628
597
390
70
1.07
369
.1M
IA
F221
1-9
184
226
8312
757
51.
070
57.2
4.0
NC
AF2
211-
929
839
875
1174
115
1.08
02.
0P
AA
F221
1-9
144
231
623
6215
191.
087
63.0
RR
VA
F221
1-9
180
209
864
856
51.
099
66.0
aver
age
227
282
819
796
81.
084
63.8
2.5
FLA
TLA
NTI
C30
735
487
891
15
1.08
7ID
ATL
AN
TIC
259
329
7918
6613
41.
097
2.2
ME
ATL
AN
TIC
345
369
942
5737
41.
071
70.3
MI
ATL
AN
TIC
275
318
879
852
41.
081
63.1
3.0
NC
ATL
AN
TIC
349
416
849
840
71.
079
1.0
PA
ATL
AN
TIC
191
261
733
739
151.
084
61.0
RR
VA
TLA
NTI
C27
733
284
576
135
1.08
561
.0av
erag
e28
634
084
876
116
1.08
363
.92.
1
Fiel
d C
hip
Col
orYi
eld
(cw
t/acr
e)Pe
rcen
t Gra
de a
nd S
ize
Dis
trib
utio
n
36
Tabl
e 3.
Con
tinue
d:Sp
ecifi
cSt
ate
Clo
neN
o. 1
Tota
lN
o. 1
Smal
lM
id-S
ize
Larg
eC
ulls
Gra
vity
Agt
ron
SFA
FLD
AK
OTA
DIA
MO
ND
319
396
8118
810
11.
086
IDD
AK
OTA
DIA
MO
ND
552
657
8414
796
21.
090
1.3
ME
DA
KO
TA D
IAM
ON
D22
123
495
388
72
1.07
469
.5M
ID
AK
OTA
DIA
MO
ND
621
648
953
7223
21.
089
64.1
2.0
NC
DA
KO
TA D
IAM
ON
D38
048
678
1478
08
1.08
51.
0P
AD
AK
OTA
DIA
MO
ND
193
285
6816
686
91.
095
61.0
RR
VD
AK
OTA
DIA
MO
ND
358
402
893
7023
41.
088
69.0
aver
age
378
444
8410
779
41.
087
65.9
1.4
FLM
EG
AC
HIP
302
348
878
911
51.
090
IDM
EG
AC
HIP
423
486
877
6819
61.
101
1.3
ME
ME
GA
CH
IP20
220
499
094
40
1.07
268
.0M
IM
EG
AC
HIP
368
399
926
839
21.
083
61.7
2.0
NC
ME
GA
CH
IP28
638
075
1275
013
1.07
82.
0P
AM
EG
AC
HIP
148
206
729
721
191.
086
63.0
RR
VM
EG
AC
HIP
277
318
875
874
41.
107
61.0
aver
age
287
335
867
815
71.
088
63.4
1.8
FLM
SJ3
16-A
334
429
7819
791
31.
086
IDM
SJ3
16-A
349
470
7425
731
11.
097
1.2
ME
MS
J316
-A26
828
594
593
11
1.06
568
.3M
IM
SJ3
16-A
380
420
917
829
21.
079
59.5
3.0
NC
MS
J316
-A29
341
670
1870
012
1.06
73.
0P
AM
SJ3
16-A
224
274
827
824
71.
095
63.0
RR
VM
SJ3
16-A
242
302
8018
801
11.
090
70.0
aver
age
299
371
8114
802
41.
083
65.2
2.4
FLM
SJ4
61-1
154
299
5244
520
21.
070
IDM
SJ4
61-1
354
482
7323
686
31.
090
1.5
ME
MS
J461
-128
434
582
1881
10
1.06
369
.5M
IM
SJ4
61-1
404
474
8515
841
01.
073
61.7
2.0
NC
MS
J461
-125
938
667
2567
08
1.06
72.
0P
AM
SJ4
61-1
162
250
6525
650
101.
086
64.0
RR
VM
SJ4
61-1
269
316
8514
860
11.
099
60.0
aver
age
269
365
7323
721
31.
078
63.8
1.8
Yiel
d (c
wt/a
cre)
Perc
ent G
rade
and
Siz
e D
istr
ibut
ion
Fiel
d C
hip
Col
or
37
Tabl
e 3.
Con
tinue
d:Sp
ecifi
cSt
ate
Clo
neN
o. 1
Tota
lN
o. 1
Smal
lM
id-S
ize
Larg
eC
ulls
Gra
vity
Agt
ron
SFA
FLN
Y13
228
734
982
1583
01
1.09
1ID
NY
132
352
431
8217
757
21.
099
1.3
ME
NY
132
208
220
946
896
01.
063
69.7
MI
NY
132
260
300
8711
816
21.
080
64.1
3.0
NC
NY
132
373
452
839
821
81.
080
1.0
PA
NY
132
212
281
755
758
121.
080
65.0
RR
VN
Y13
218
220
987
1087
22
1.10
168
.0av
erag
e26
832
084
1082
44
1.08
566
.71.
8
FLS
NO
WD
EN
193
268
7224
730
21.
079
IDS
NO
WD
EN
319
439
7327
702
01.
089
1.5
ME
SN
OW
DE
N19
621
193
593
02
1.06
669
.5M
IS
NO
WD
EN
375
403
946
895
01.
082
67.8
2.0
NC
SN
OW
DE
N28
339
771
2271
07
1.07
91.
0P
AS
NO
WD
EN
252
326
776
774
131.
084
65.0
RR
VS
NO
WD
EN
217
262
8310
825
41.
104
72.0
aver
age
262
329
8014
792
41.
083
68.6
1.5
FLW
2133
-125
529
886
1286
12
1.08
1ID
W21
33-1
339
486
7029
663
11.
090
1.2
ME
W21
33-1
230
251
928
884
11.
066
71.1
MI
W21
33-1
304
336
918
838
11.
084
59.1
2.0
NC
W21
33-1
320
408
7814
771
71.
077
2.0
PA
W21
33-1
160
226
719
712
191.
077
63.0
RR
VW
2133
-127
932
885
785
44
1.09
964
.0av
erag
e27
033
382
1279
35
1.08
264
.31.
7
Siz
e ca
tego
ries:
Sm
all i
s un
der 1
7/8
inch
dia
.; M
id-S
ize
1 7/
8 to
3 1
/2 in
ch d
ia.;
and
Larg
e is
ove
r 3 1
/2 in
ch d
ia.
Yiel
d (c
wt/a
cre)
Perc
ent G
rade
and
Siz
e D
istr
ibut
ion
Fiel
d C
hip
Col
or
38
Tabl
e 4.
Thr
ee y
ear a
vera
ges
over
eig
ht re
gion
al tr
ial s
ites
for D
akot
a D
iam
ond
(ND
5822
C-7
) fro
m 2
003
to 2
005.
Spec
ific
Reg
iona
l Loc
atio
nYe
arN
o. 1
Tota
lN
o. 1
Smal
lM
id-S
ize
Larg
eC
ulls
Gra
vity
Cal
iforn
ia *
2003
211
267
7847
320
211.
088
Flor
ida
2005
319
396
8118
810
11.
086
Flor
ida
2004
257
401
6415
650
21.
085
Flor
ida
2003
188
293
649
679
151.
063
Flor
ida
aver
age
255
363
7014
713
61.
078
Idah
o20
0555
265
784
1479
62
1.09
0Id
aho
2004
543
683
8018
6713
21.
091
Idah
o20
0347
249
196
496
00
1.08
5Id
aho
aver
age
522
610
8712
816
11.
089
Mai
ne20
0522
123
495
388
72
1.07
4M
aine
2004
294
463
643
4618
151.
080
Mai
ne20
0331
534
392
373
196
1.08
6M
aine
aver
age
277
346
843
6915
81.
080
Mic
higa
n20
0562
164
895
372
232
1.08
9M
ichi
gan
2004
673
705
953
7025
21.
085
Mic
higa
n20
0356
760
194
366
283
1.08
9M
ichi
gan
aver
age
620
651
953
6925
21.
088
Nor
th C
arol
ina
*20
0538
048
678
1478
08
1.08
5
Pen
nsyl
vani
a20
0519
328
568
1668
69
1.09
5P
enns
ylva
nia
2004
320
454
705
702
221.
084
Pen
nsyl
vani
a20
0315
929
753
353
638
1.08
8Pe
nnsy
lvan
iaav
erag
e22
434
564
864
523
1.08
9
Red
Riv
er V
alle
y20
0535
840
289
370
234
1.08
8R
ed R
iver
Val
ley
2004
374
416
904
903
31.
091
Red
Riv
er V
alle
y20
0334
439
088
1089
12
1.10
2R
ed R
iver
Val
ley
aver
age
359
403
896
839
31.
094
over
all a
vera
ge36
844
681
1071
98
1.08
6S
ize
cate
gorie
s: S
mal
l is
unde
r 1 7
/8 in
ch d
ia.;
Mid
-Siz
e 1
7/8
to 3
1/2
inch
dia
.; an
d La
rge
is o
ver 3
1/2
inch
dia
.*
Cal
iforn
ia w
ith o
ne tr
ial i
n 20
03 a
nd N
orth
Car
olin
a w
ith o
ne tr
ial i
n 20
05.
Yiel
d (c
wt/a
cre)
Perc
ent G
rade
and
Siz
e D
istr
ibut
ion
39
2004 USPB-SFA Trial Grown at Aberdeen, Idaho.
Chip Chip Undesirable Internal Exterior Total CLONE 40 50 color Blackspot Green defects defects defects
ND5822C-7 3.6 1.4 0 3 0 0 5 8A91790-13 1.3 1.0 0 12 3 0 0 15B1240-1 3.8 1.9 0 13 11 6 0 30MSJ461-1 4.6 1.5 0 10 0 5 0 15W1201 4.0 1.8 0 0 5 0 9 14ATLANTIC 4.4 1.7 0 6 0 0 8 14ND2470-27 3.9 1.9 9 0 0 0 0 9NY132 2.6 1.0 0 9 13 2 0 24AF2211-9 4.1 1.7 0 13 11 0 5 29W1773-7 4.9 2.3 11 0 0 0 0 11MSF099-3 3.5 1.5 0 0 0 3 6 9SNOWDEN 4.3 1.0 0 0 0 0 4 4
Samples harvested September 25 and gradually cooled to 50F.Samples stored at 40F and 50F for 6 weeks.Samples rated on Feburary 10, 2005.
2004 USPB-SFA Trial Grown at Exeter, Maine.SFA Chip Color Rating (55°F) **
Entry 4-Nov 5-Jan A91790-13 3 3 AF2211-9 2 3 ATLANTIC 3 3 B1240-1 3 2 MSF099-3 2 3 MSJ461-1 3 3 ND2470-27 3 3 ND5822C-7 3 3 NY132 2 3 SNOWDEN 1 1 W1201 3 3 W1773-7 2 3
** Storage chip color rated using SFA Chart Rating 1 to 3 scale.
Out of Storage Quality Report
6 week cool down 6 weeks storage
R&G Potato Company Ratings (0-15 15=Frito Lay rejection std)
2004-2005 OUT-OF-STORAGE EVALUATIONS
40
Tabl
e 5.
Thr
ee y
ear a
vera
ges
over
eig
ht re
gion
al tr
ial s
ites
for M
egac
hip
(W12
01)
from
200
3 to
200
5.Sp
ecifi
cR
egio
nal L
ocat
ion
Year
No.
1To
tal
No.
1Sm
all
Mid
-Siz
eLa
rge
Cul
lsG
ravi
ty
Cal
iforn
ia *
2003
489
506
9714
758
31.
095
Flor
ida
2005
302
348
878
911
51.
09Fl
orid
a20
0431
436
782
686
12
1.09
1Fl
orid
a20
0327
834
082
577
107
1.07
9Fl
orid
aav
erag
e29
835
284
685
45
1.08
7
Idah
o20
0542
348
687
768
196
1.10
1Id
aho
2004
419
493
859
7114
61.
096
Idah
o20
0343
043
998
297
10
1.09
2Id
aho
aver
age
424
473
906
7911
41.
096
Mai
ne20
0520
220
499
094
40
1.07
2M
aine
2004
210
326
645
577
311.
083
Mai
ne20
0323
526
688
676
126
1.08
9M
aine
aver
age
216
266
844
768
121.
081
Mic
higa
n20
0536
839
992
683
92
1.08
3M
ichi
gan
2004
488
504
973
8017
01.
091
Mic
higa
n20
0342
243
896
385
111
1.08
5M
ichi
gan
aver
age
426
447
954
8312
11.
086
Nor
th C
arol
ina
*20
0528
638
075
1275
013
1.07
8
Pen
nsyl
vani
a20
0514
820
672
972
119
1.08
6P
enns
ylva
nia
2004
227
307
742
746
181.
098
Pen
nsyl
vani
a20
0325
034
972
372
1114
1.09
7Pe
nnsy
lvan
iaav
erag
e20
828
773
573
617
1.09
4
Red
Riv
er V
alle
y20
0527
731
887
587
44
1.10
7R
ed R
iver
Val
ley
2004
271
323
843
849
51.
099
Red
Riv
er V
alle
y20
0327
730
890
792
13
1.09
8R
ed R
iver
Val
ley
aver
age
275
316
875
885
41.
101
over
all a
vera
ge31
636
585
680
77
1.09
1S
ize
cate
gorie
s: S
mal
l is
unde
r 1 7
/8 in
ch d
ia.;
Mid
-Siz
e 1
7/8
to 3
1/2
inch
dia
.; an
d La
rge
is o
ver 3
1/2
inch
dia
.*
Cal
iforn
ia w
ith o
ne tr
ial i
n 20
03 a
nd N
orth
Car
olin
a w
ith o
ne tr
ial i
n 20
05.
Yiel
d (c
wt/a
cre)
Perc
ent G
rade
and
Siz
e D
istr
ibut
ion
41
OUT-OF-STORAGE CHIP QUALITY 2004-2005 MICHIGAN REGIONAL REPORT
Chris Long, Michigan State University
Procedure: The 2004 USPB - SFA Chip Trial was harvested on October 4, 2004 at V & G Farms in Stanton, MI. Several chip storage samples were collected at harvest. A 40 pound sample was collected from each entry and placed in the cooperating grower’s commercial storage for later evaluation. Four 25 tuber samples were also collected from each entry at harvest and stored in cold storages at the Michigan Potato Industries (MPIC), Cargill Potato Demonstration Storage Facility. Two samples were stored at 55ºF for a January and March evaluation. The remaining two, 25 tuber samples were stored at 48ºF to be evaluated in January and March as well. Results: The 40 pound tuber samples placed in the grower’s commercial storage were removed in early April 2005. The storage temperature was maintained at 48 ºF. For sprout control, CIPC was applied in the storage in late November 2004. Table 1 summarizes the chip quality of these 40 pound samples after being processed at Herr Foods, Inc. in early April 2005. The varieties are listed in yield order from top to bottom, highest to lowest. Table 2 summarizes the chip quality of the 25 tuber samples collected at harvest from each entry and stored at the MPIC demonstration storage in the fall of 2004. The samples were stored at 48ºF and 55ºF and were chipped on January 27th and March 24th, 2005. All samples were treated with CIPC in mid November. Table 1 shows A91790-13 exhibiting the best overall quality chip from Herr Foods in April. MSJ461-1 also performed nicely with only 17% total defects noted, but the specific gravity was not acceptable. From Table 2, A91790-13 appears to have the best quality chip color and internal defect scores. W1773-7 performed well into March with good chip color and no internal defects. All the varieties were acceptable in March, but with a variable amount of internal defects.
42
43
Table 1. 2004-2005 Out of Storage Chip Quality, V & G Farms1.Agtron SFA2 Specific
Entry Color Color Gravity Internal External TotalND5822C-7 46.1 4.0 1.088 75 9 84A91790-13 61.5 1.0 1.089 5 7 12W1201 58.9 2.5 1.087 17 12 29B01240-1 55.7 2.5 1.080 18 11 29MSJ461-1 58.7 1.5 1.071 9 8 17SNOWDEN 59.1 1.5 1.080 6 6 12ATLANTIC 55.0 4.0 1.086 33 42 75ND2470-27 57.4 1.5 1.073 19 19 38MSF099-3 56.6 2.5 1.080 15 7 22W1773-7 59.5 2.0 1.086 8 8 16NY132 59.2 1.5 1.089 14 11 25AF2211-9 40.9 4.0 1.083 37 1 38
1 Samples removed from 48F storage in early April 2005 and processed by Herr Foods Inc., Nottingham, PA in early April 2005.
Chip defects are included in Agtron and SFA samples.2 SFA Color: 1 = lightest, 5 = darkest 3 Percent Chip Defects are a percentage by weight of the total sample; comprised of undesirable color, greening, internal defects and external defects.
Percent Chip Defects3
Table 2. 2004-2005 Out of Storage Chip Quality Samples, Cargill Storage1.
SFA2 SFA2 SFA2 SFA2
ENTRY COLOR COLOR COLOR COLORND5822C-7 1.5 4% IBS 1.0 Black Spot Bruise 1.0 Brown Edges, Silver Scurf 1.0 4% HHA91790-13 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0W1201 1.0 1.0 4% IBS, 8% SED 1.0 4% HH 1.0B01240-1 2.0 1.0 4% HH 1.0 4% HH 1.0 4% HH, 4% SEDMSJ461-1 1.0 1.5 Black Spot Bruise 1.0 1.0SNOWDEN 1.0 1.0 1.0 4% BC 1.0 4% HHATLANTIC 1.5 1.5 4% IBS 1.5 4% HH, 8% SED 1.5 4% BC, 8% VDND2470-27 1.0 4% IBS 1.0 1.0 4% VD 1.0 4% VDMSF099-3 1.0 12% SED 1.0 1.5 16% SED 1.5 12% SEDW1773-7 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0NY132 1.0 4% HH, Black Spot Bruise 1.5 4% HH 1.5 4% HH 1.0 4% HHAF2211-9 1.0 4% HH, Heat Necrosis 1.0 Heat Necrosis 1.0 1.0
1 Samples Stored at the Michigan Potato Industry Commission's Cargill Potato Demonstration Storage
2 SFA 1-5 Color Score; 1 = lighest, 5 = darkest
3 HH = hollow heart; VD = vascular discoloration; SED = stem end discoloration; IBS = internal brown spot.
CHIP3
DEFECTSCHIP3
DEFECTSCHIP3
DEFECTSCHIP3
DEFECTS
48ºF January 27, 2005 55ºF January 27, 2005 48ºF March 24, 2005 55ºF March 24, 2005
Penn
sylv
ania
Reg
iona
l Tria
l
Tabl
e 1.
200
4 U
SPB
- SF
A c
hip
tria
l var
ietie
s st
orag
e in
form
atio
n.A
vera
ge s
prou
t len
gth
in in
ches
.En
try
31-J
an-0
528
-Feb
-05
31-M
ar-0
5Sp
ecifi
cA
gtro
45ºF
note
s45
ºFno
tes
45ºF
note
sG
ravi
tye
Col
or S
ATL
AN
TIC
0.7
1.5
2.0
b, d
1.09
563
SNO
WD
EN0.
51.
23.
0b
1.09
965
B12
40-1
0.0
0.7
3.2
b1.
081
57
NY
132
0.0
0.2
1.0
1.08
465
ND
2470
-27
0.7
1.2
1.8
b1.
083
65N
D58
22C
-70.
00.
01.
01.
093
64
W17
73-7
0.5
1.0
1.8
1.08
265
W12
010.
71.
02.
71.
094
63A
F221
1-9
0.0
0.7
0.8
1.09
664
MS
J-46
1-1
0.0
1.0
3.3
1.07
563
MS
F-09
9-3
0.8
1.7
3.0
b1.
088
65A
9179
0-13
0.0
0.2
1.5
d1.
085
65
a =
sam
ples
less
than
0.5
" wer
e re
porte
d as
0.5
"b
= m
inor
tube
r shr
inka
ge
c =
maj
or tu
ber s
hrin
kage
d =
FDR
is F
usar
ium
Dry
Rot
e =
Dat
a pr
ovid
ed b
y S
nyde
r's o
f Ber
lin. S
ampl
e da
te: J
anua
ry 2
7, 2
005.
f = v
ascu
lar b
row
ning
44
Tab
le 1
. A
gtro
n ch
ip v
alue
s and
spec
ific
grav
ity fr
om fo
ur c
hip
date
s.
Var
iety
Agt
ron
SR.
GL
U.
Sp. G
r.A
gtro
nSp
. Gr.
Agt
ron
Sp. G
r.A
gtro
nSp
. Gr.
A91
790-
1367
1.50
0.00
01.
079
651.
093
681.
090
671.
098
AF2
211-
968
1.67
0.00
91.
097
591.
105
641.
106
681.
104
AT
LA
NT
IC67
1.72
0.05
51.
088
411.
107
361.
104
571.
110
B12
40-1
662.
190.
012
1.07
757
1.09
137
1.09
359
1.09
5
MSF
099-
368
1.33
0.00
01.
093
591.
099
581.
103
671.
095
MSJ
461-
167
1.39
0.00
01.
086
651.
095
551.
096
641.
970
ND
2470
-27
681.
030.
000
1.08
671.
100
591.
092
641.
094
ND
5822
C-7
671.
980.
000
1.08
862
1.09
750
1.10
454
1.10
2
NY
132
661.
580.
000
1.08
958
1.10
159
1.10
568
1.10
6SN
OW
DE
N68
1.46
0.03
41.
094
631.
100
631.
105
691.
100
W12
0166
1.32
0.00
01.
088
611.
099
521.
107
631.
102
W17
73-7
660.
960.
000
1.08
660
1.09
656
1.10
464
1.10
0
Tria
l har
vest
ed S
ep 1
6, 2
004.
U
SDA
Pot
ato
Proc
essi
ng L
ab, E
ast G
rand
For
ks, M
N c
ondu
cted
Agt
ron,
sucr
ose,
glu
cose
and
spec
ific
grav
ity -
9/17
/200
4.Sa
mpl
es C
hipp
ed a
t Bar
rel O
Fun
, Per
ham
, Min
neso
ta, o
n 9/
21/2
004,
12/
29/2
004
and
4/13
/200
5.
2004
-200
5
USP
B-S
FA T
rial
-Red
Riv
er V
alle
y
13-A
pr17
-Sep
Sep
21D
ec 2
9
45
Atlantic and Snowden as Standards NDO1496-1 (Ivory Crisp), 1993-1995WNC672-2, 1985-1987 ND2417-6 (NorValley), 1994-1996WNC521-12, 1985-1986 ND2471-8, 1994-1996W879, 1985-1986 AF875-15, 1994-1996W833, 1985 NY87 (Reba), 1991TXA17-1, 1985-1986 NY95, 1993A70369-2, 1985-1986 NY102 (Monticello), 1994-1995ND860-2, 1985-1986 NY103 (Eva), 1995-1997G670-11, 1985 BCO894-2, 1995-1997BR7093-24 (Gemchip), 1986-1988 ATX85404-8, 1996-1998W848 (Niska), 1986-1987 AF1433-4, 1996-1998NY71 (Kanona), 1986-1988 ND2676-10 (Dakota Pearl), 1997-1999NY81 (Steuben), 1986-1988 B0564-8 (Harley Blackwell), 1997-1999NY72 (Allegany), 1987-1989 B0564-9, 1997-1999AF236-1 (Somerset), 1987-1989 NY115, 1997-1999MS700-70, 1987-1989 W1313, 1999AC80545-1 (Chipeta), 1987-1989 NY112 (Marcy), 1998-2000LA01-38 (LaBelle), 1988-1990 AF1668-60, 1998-2000MS716-15, 1988-1990 MSNT-1, 1998-2000MS700-83 (Spartan Pearl), 1988-1990 MSA091-1 (Liberator), 1999-2001W855 (Snowden), 1988-1990 B0766-3, 2000-2002Saginaw Gold, 1988-1990 AF1775-2, 2000-2002AF875-16 (Mainechip), 1989-1991 W1431, 2000-2002D195-24, 1989 NY120, 2000-2002ND2008-2, 1990 AF1424-7, 2001-2003Coastal Chip, 1990 MSG227-2, 2001-2003CS7232-4, 1990-1992 W1355-1 (White Pearl), 2001-2003Pike, 1991-1993 NDTX4930-5W, 2001-2003Andover, 1991-1993 ND2470-27 (Dakota Crisp), 1999, 2003-2004W887, 1991-1993 A91790-13, 2002-2004W870, 1991-1993 MSF099-3, 2002-2004A80559-2, 1991-1993 B1240-1, 2004NDA2031-2, 1992-1994 W1773-7, 2004Suncrisp, 1992-1994 ND5822C-7 (Dakota Diamond), 2003-2005B0178-34, 1992-1994 W1201( Megachip), 2003-2005
Table 6. USPB-SFA Chip Trial Entry Summary: 1985 - 2005
46