2. TRADITIONAL METHOD PRESENTATION - awan, meta, sidung, wahyudi.pptx

8/9/2019 2. TRADITIONAL METHOD PRESENTATION - awan, meta, sidung, wahyudi.pptx

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Presentation

Learning Strategies of Language andLiterature

TRADITIONAL METHODS

GROUP I :

1. Ariea!a A"an La#tea

$.Meta %&airunnisa'.Sind&ung Pra(o"o).*a&!udi


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Gra++ar Trans,ation Met&od -GTM

T&e /a#0ground/! t&e nineteent& #entur! t&e 2ro#eduresused in t&e stud! of ,atin &ad (e#o+e t&estandard "a! of stud!ing foreign

,anguage in s#&oo,s.T&is a22roa#& toforeign ,anguage a22roa#& to foreign,anguage tea#&ing (e#a+e 0no"n as t&eGTM at one ti+e it "e a,so #a,,ed #,assi#a,

+et&od sin#e it "as used in t&e tea#&ingof t&e #,assi#a, ,anguage : ,atin and Gree0.


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frst devised and developed or usedin secondary schools. Historically, thisapproach was used in teaching greek

and latin. Then the approach wasgeneralized to teaching modernlanguages, including english why it

iscalled the grammar school method

because its strength and weaknessreected the aspirations o the

nineteenth century grammar school inits various ormats indierents

continues.


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Ri#&ards and rodgers +ention t&e

2rin#i2,e of GTM as fo,,o" :

T&e goa, of foreign ,anguage stud! is to ,earn a ,anguage inorder to read its ,iterature

3o#a(u,ar! and gra++ar are e+2&ased3o#a(u,ar! se,e#tion is (ased so,e,! on t&e reading te4ts

used and "ords are t&aug&t t&roug& (i,ingua, "ord ,istsdi#tionar! stud! and +e+ori5ation.

T&e senten#e is t&e (asi# unit of tea#&ing and ,anguage

2ra#ti#e.A#oura#! is e+2&asi5ed

Gra++ar is taug&t dedu#ti6e,!.

T&e student7s nati6e ,anguage is t&e +ediu+ of instru#tion.


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Mean"&i,e Prator and #e,#e +ur#ia out,ine t&e

#&arateristi#sof GTM as fo,,o"s:

8,asses are t&aug&t in t&e +ot&er tongue "it& ,itt,e a#ti6eused of t&e target ,anguage.

9o#us on e,a(orate e42,anation of gra++ati#a, 2arsing - i.et&e for+ and ina#tion of "ords

Reading of t&e di;#u,t #,assi#a, is (egun ear,!.

Mu#& 6o#a(u,ar! is taug&t in t&e for+ of ,ists of iso,ated"ord.

A t!2i#a, e4er#ise is to trans,ate senten#es fro+ t&e target,anguage intot&e +ot&er tongue rise 6ersa

Litt,e attention is 2aid to t&e #ontent of te4ts "&i#& aretreated as e4er#ises ingra++ati#a, ana,!sis.

Litt,e or no attention is gi6en to 2ronun#iation.


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In #,assroo+ te#&ni


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ageof foreign ,anguage tea#&ing . 8.Mar#e, and 9. Gonin area+ong of t&e refor+ers. 8.8 Mar#o, -1='?1=>@ a fren#&+anreBered to #&i,d Language Learning as a +ode, for,anguagetea#&ing "it& s2e#iC# e+2&asis on t&e i+2ortan#e of

+eaning in,earning. T&e 2rin#i2,esof t&e /er,it5 +et&od "ereas fo,,o"s :

8,assroo+ "as #ondu#ted e4##&isire,! in t&e target ,anguage.

On,! e6er!da! 6o#a(u,ar! and senten#es "ere taug&t.

Ora, #o++uni#ation s0i,,s "ere (ui,t u2 in a #arefu,,! graded2rogression organi5ed around


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Ora, A22roa#& and Situationa, Language Tea#&ing -SLT T&e ora, a22roa#& and or situationa, Language Tea#&ing is ana22roa#& to Language Tea#&ing de6e,o2ed (! t&e (ritis& Linguist fro+t&e 1='7s to t&e 1=@7S. T&e de6e,o2ed t&e (asis for +et&odo,og! in

,anguage tea#&ing. In tea#&ing to de6e,o2 a +ore s#ientiC# foundationfor ora, a22roa#& to Language tea#&ing t&an t&at of dire#t +et&od.

T&e o(e#ti6e is to tea#& a 2ra#ti#a, #o++and of t&e four,anguage s0i,,s. Ri#&ards and rodgers -1===:') +ention so+e+ain 2rin#i2,es of t&e a22roa#& as fo,,o"s :

Language Tea#&ing (egins "it& t&e s2o0en Language.

T&e target ,anguage is t&e ,anguage of t&e #,assroo+

Ne" Language 2oints are intrdu#ed and 2ra#ti#ed situationa,,!

3o#a(u,ar! se,e#tion 2ro#edures are fo,,o"ed to ensure t&at onessentia,,! genera, ser6ise 6o#a(u,ar! is #o6ered.

Ite+s of gra++ar are graded fo,,o"ing t&e 2rin#i2,e t&at si+2,efor+s s&ou,d (e taug&t (efore #o+2,e4 ones

Rea#&ing and "riting are introdu#ed on#e a su;#ient ,e4i#a, andgra++ati#a, (asis is esta(,is&ed


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It is #,ear t&at t&e o(e#ti6es of t&e situationa, ,anguagetea#&ing are to tea#& a 2ra#ti#a, #o++and of t&e four (asi#,anguage s0i,,s-Listening S2ea0ing reading and "riting andt&ose s0i,,s are de6e,o2ed troug& stru#ture. T&e +ain (od! of t&e ,esson s&ou,d t&an fo,,o". T&is +ig&t#onsist of t&e tea#&ing of a stru#ture. If so t&e Lesson "ou,dt&en #onsist of four 2ants -2itt+an 1=@':1'

Pronun#iation

Re6ision

Presentation of ne" stru#ture of 6o#a(u,ar!

Ora, Pra#ti#e -dri,,ing

Reading of t&e +ateria, on t&e ne" stru#tureor "ritten e4er#ises.


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Audio Lingua, Met&od T&e goa, a tea#&ing #on6ersation s0i,,

T&e restri# ti+e a6ai,a(,e T&e ,i+ited #o6ersation s0i,, of tea#&er

Irre,e6an of #o6ersation s0i,, of a+eri#anstudents


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Stru#tura, 3ie" /e&a6iorist stru#ture

• E,e+ent in a ,anguageare 2rodu#ed in a ru,e

go6erned "a!

• Language is stru#ture

• Language is s2ee#&

• Language are diBeren#e

• Language is s2ee#&• A ,anguage is a set of

&a(its

• Tea#& t&e ,anguage not

a(out t&e ,anguage

• Language is "&at its

nati6e S2ea0er sa!

• Language is diBerent

8&ara#teristi#s ofLanguage


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!tructure "inguistics#ehaviorist $sychology

%orm its own destinctive &haracteristics

T&e s2aratan of Language s0i,,

T&e use of dia,ogue

Gi6e e+2&asis on 8ertain Pra#ti#ete#&ni


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/asi# Prin#i2,e ALM

9LL is /asi#a,,! of 2ro#ess of +e#&ani#a, &a(itfor+ation

Language s0i,, are ,earned +ore eBe#ti6e if

t&e ite+s to (e ,earning in t&e target,anguage in s2ea0ing

Ana,og! 2ro6ide (etter foundation LanguageLearning and ana,!sis

T&e +eaning t&e "ords of ,anguage &a6e fort&e Nati6e S2ea0er #an (e ,earned on,! in,inguisti# and #u,tura, #onte4t and not iniso,ation


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ALM Te#&ni


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8,assroo+ Pro#edure

Tea#&er reads t&e dia,ogue students "&o arree42e#ted to i++itate

S"it#& ro,e ro,e 2,a!Ans"ering ea#& ot&er

Dri,, re2eatation


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8ogniti6e A22roa#& is deri6ed fro+ #ogniti6e2s!#&o,og! "&i#& 6ie"s t&e ,earning 2ro#ess as at"o?"a! 2ro#ess (et"een organis+ and its

en6iron+ent

&lassroom Techni)ue

LL is 6ie"ed as ru,e a#


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8,assroo+ Pro#edure

/ui,d on t&e "&at t&e student 0no"

He,2 t&e student to 0no" t&e +ateria,

A6aid 6ote ,earningUse gra;# and s#&e+ati# 2ro#edure

Uti,i5e (ot& "ritten and s2o0en ,anguage

Se,e#t t&e +ost a22ro2riate tea#&ing?,earning

situationE+2,o! t&e Crst ,anguage

Use indu#ti6e dedu#ti6e or dis#o6er! ,earning2ro#edure

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2. TRADITIONAL METHOD PRESENTATION - awan, meta, sidung, wahyudi.pptx