2. Scientific Propositions for Brain Reformation by Mailun Chan Ding

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SCIENTIFIC PROPOSITIONS FOR BRAIN REFORMATION BY MAILUN CHAN DING

PEI-CHEN LO1 & MING-LIANG HUANG2

1Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering,

National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taian

!"upervisor, "ha#yamuni $uddhist %oundation, Datong Dist&,

Taipei City 1'(, Taian

ABSTRACT

)ore than merely *rain+neuroplasticity, heart+to+heart imprint sealing HHI"- Chan Ding completely changes the

normal *rain traits and regenerates a ne *rain ith superior self+healing capa*ilities for various physical, psychological

and mental ailments& Differing from the mind+*ody intervention in most meditation techni.ues, Chan Ding is e/clusively

heart+dominant, more correctly, *rain dominated *y heart& $y activating the ten+mailuns system in Chan Ding, practitioners

disclose the uni.ue *rain functioning scheme, documented in Diamond "utra, for connecting physical entity to spiritual

entity& In the process of *rain reformation, three important mailuns play the crucial role& Chan0in mailun inside the third

ventricle creates poerful field to harmonie all neurons in the *rain into a tran.uil *rain& 2hiHui )ailun at corpora

.uadrigemina ena*les the physical *ody to *e in tune ith nature& %a3an )ailun at hypothalamus elicits the pure egoless

compassion ith great *liss& Chan Ding ith tri+mailuns resonance effectively universalies all *rain neurons to construct a

detached *rain and evo#es photoelectric potence of *rain neural netor#&

This paper for the first time reveals the intrinsic mechanism of e/clusive *rain reformation through HHI" Chan

Ding& Chan+Ding EE4 electroencephalograph- of the *rain cultivated *y tri+mailuns resonance reveals rather persistently

focalied and stationary cortical inter+regional interactions particularly in the central+frontal midline region&

KEYWORDS: $rain+Neuroplasticity, Heart+to+Heart Imprint "ealing HHI"- Chan Ding Completely Changes

INTRODUCTION

Human *rain noadays has *een alays under the conditions of overor# and high stress that directly harm the

physiological, mental, and psychological health& To cope ith much heavier information+processing demands, more

high+tech professionals are practicing orthodo/ HHI" Chan Ding in Taian& Up to the present, little has *een disclosed

ith respect to the mechanisms and phenomena of HHI" Chan Ding conveyed to China in 56' 7 568 *y patriarch

$odhidharma and then to Taian a*out one hundred years ago *y the 85 th patriarch9ing 2ai :ppendi/ I-& "ince 1;;'s,a

large num*er of practitioners have proved the efficacy of HHI" Chan Dingin treating many chronic diseases, infections,

acute symptoms as ell as mental and psychological pro*lems& Hence, more people *egan to practice HHI" Chan Ding in

Taian& <arious cases of the effective treatment and health *enefit of Chan Ding arouse our interest in the physiological,

mental, and spiritual states during Chan Ding& In the course of investigating this particular practice, e disclose the

remar#a*le distinctions of Chan Ding from those orldide popular meditation practices including 3oga and

transcendental meditation T)- from India, 9apanese 2en, and Ti*etan $uddhism =1, !>& $riefly, Chan Ding follos the

?heart+dominating@ principle hile meditations are mostly ?mind+cultivating@ practices& This article mainly reports the

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S,i!("i+i, P%<%i"i%( +% Bai( R!+%=a"i%( >? Mai)#( C@a( Di( 19

hypotheses proposed to e/plain the mechanism of Chan Ding, ithout encompassing the *rain and mind, that could

optimie the *rain plasticity for a healthy and *lissful life&

:s addressed *y 4oleman =(>, the human *rain hasnot had a hardare upgrade in a*out 1'',''' years& It is still

operating on the *asis of ancient ?fight+or+flight@ response activated *y amygdala and possi*ly recorded *y hippocampus&

The amygdala once in response to emotions tends to dominate the entire *rain functioning& Chan+Ding practitioners further

realie the inherent causation la conducted *y amygdala and hippocampus that encode or, are programmed *y- the

su*conscious, manas su*liminal consciousness- and so+called past+life #arma destiny, fate-& The functional characteristics

of amygdala and hippocampus accordingly affect the *ehavioral traits and personality& Through Chan Ding, practitioners

initiate the process of cleansing all conscious states in preparation for entering the realm of true nature deeply in the heart&

"uch process involves the functioning alteration of maAor components in the *rain that cause the formation of karma

memory&

?The dooray to true nature is in the heart, and the #ey for the door is the spiritual entity, @instructed *y currentChan patriarch Bu 9ue )iao Tian& In Prajñāpāramitā Chan Ding, Chan patriarch firstly disclosed the ten+mailuns system

capa*le of effectively purifying the negative memories and #armas in the *rain and converting the clinging *rain into

tran.uil, detached *rain& Human *rain and neural netor#s act as an important medium for connecting physical entity to

the spiritual entity& rthodo/ Chan Ding re.uires the guide of Chan+heart Imprint ChI- from Chan patriarch& :t present

doens of thousands of practitioners in Taian are practicing orthodo/ Chan& HHI" Chan Ding ena*les practitioners to

arouse the intrinsic, natural+latency capa*ilities possessing the spiritual healing poer& : num*er of successful evidences

of ?mailun therapy@ start to arouse more attention during the past to decades& : *ranch of Chan lineage as e/ported to

9apan in the 1!th century and *ecame ell+#non ith the name of 2en& :lthough 2en meditation is currently practiced

orldide, it appears to *e mingled ith some popular meditation techni.ues that have *een idely practiced in Bestern

societies since 1;;'s& During the past decades, a num*er of meditation techni.ues have *een developed and practiced all

over the orld& Despiteslightly different schemes, almost all the meditation practices are aimed to *etter manipulate the

mind, *rain function and physical state of practitioners through mindfulness concentration and respiratory regulation&

"cientific *asis *ehind meditation has *een ell e/plored after thousands of scientific papers ere pu*lished =171!>& There

has *een no literature report of Chan Ding e/cept some scientific papers pu*lished using the term ?Chan2en meditation@

during the past decade =1(7!!>& $ased on previous results in =1(7!!>, this paper for the first time presents the scientific

hypotheses and mechanisms of *rain reformation *y mailuns activation in HHI" Chan Ding&

MATERIALS AND METHODS

:ll the propositions and hypotheses are derived from the evidences and practical e/periences of thousands of

Chan+Ding practitioners ho have *een corro*orating the results in their *ody, mind, and spirit& "cientific studies can only

e/plore less than one hundredth of the truth proved *y years of Chan Ding& This report includes innovative research ideas

for the future study, to our *elief, *y ta#ing one step further *eyond physicalism&

Chan Ding applying the same sitting posture as meditation, nevertheless, undergoes totally different *rain+mind

functioning in order to disclose true self true nature, true heart- deeply inside the organ heart& Chan Ding includes four

different stages, the *eginning, the deep, the righteous, and the Prajñāpāramitā Chan Ding& Chan Ding e/plores a totally

ne, ultimate *lissful and healthy *ody+mind+spirit state& Chan patriarch enlightens the spiritual heart of a practitioner *y

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ChI& Every human *eing ons ChI true nature ith perfection isdom- residing in the heart& Contaminations

disease, orry, #arma, etc&- of *ody, mind, and spirit form the hindrance to accomplishing ChI& Practitioners hence

practice ten+mailuns purification Chan Ding to reform the *rain and revitalie the physical *ody& :s illustrated in %igure 1,

the ten mailuns corresponding to ten spiritual realms are the doorays passages- that connect the physical life to spiritualentity and finally to true nature of reality&

Fi#! 1: T!(-Mai)#( S?"!=: F%= B%""%= "% T%</ W#S@i7 W#Mi(7 *iia(7 Mi(S!7 R#Yi7

Mi(i(7 EK%(7 @iH#i7 FaYa(7 a($ C@a(i( Mai)#(

Bith respect to the ultimate aim of Chan+Ding practice, mailun signifies the heel center of all lives inreincarnation process& Every mailun has its spiritual poer and correlates ith specific physiological, mental, and spiritual

functions& HHI" Chan Ding ena*les practitioners to *e finally in tune ith ten mailuns naturally& :mong them, Chan0in

inside the third ventricle of the inter*rain and )ing0in inside the heart are especially important *ecause the true heart

resides in )ing0in mailun and has ever struggled for li*eration from all *indings to ascend to Chan0in mailun& Chan0in,

li#e the shining *eacon, is re.uired to *e alays ?on@ to facilitate the purification of the other mailuns&2hiHui and %a3an

inside the head are another important mailuns for reforming the *rain functioning& Practitioners can clearly perceive su*tle

vi*ration from corpora .uadrigemina out spreading to occipital corte/ and cere*ellum upon the activation of 2hiHui

mailun& %a3an )ailun might totally convert the reard center into *lissful and compassionate netor#&

Chan practice emphasies the cultivation and disclosure of the eternal, noumenal light of isdom of true nature&

No ord, no image, no sound, no anything in form can *e involved in Chan transmission that is signified as the uni.ue

teaching outside the scriptures& To effectively help practitioners *ecome detached in order to enter into the righteous

third+stage- Chan Ding, current Chan patriarch Bu 9ue )iao Tian developed the ten+mailuns purification HHI" Chan

Ding scheme in 1;;; that sagaciously integrated the principles of Taoism, TC) Traditional Chinese )edicine-, and

Diamond "utra& Doens of thousands of practitioners have *een *enefited *y the practice& The folloing propositions

proposed are *ased on results of analying Chan+Ding EE4 and empirical evidences collected from practitioners

e/periences&

P%<%i"i%( +% Bai( R!+%=a"i%(

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12 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

Chan+Ding practitioners evo#e the invalua*le potency of ten mailuns for driving and energiing the meridian

system .i+flo channels-, nervous system, circulatory system, and many other organ systems& Purification and

strengthening of mailun energy promotes the Chan+Ding state from physical the *eginning- to detached, spiritual the

righteous-, and finally to eternal state Prajñāpāramitā Chan Ding- of reality& Fi*eration from the *rain+mind dominance *ecomes the essential step& The intrinsic mechanisms can *e interpreted through the si/ propositions *elo&

Proposition 1: ChanXin Resonance Harmonizes all Brain Neurons

Chan Ding is the important scheme for connecting ith spiritual entity andrealiing the macrocosmic realm of

life& To cultivate the spiritual poer, or Gshen in TC), the li*eration of the earthly *rain and mind is essential& The term

Gearthly is used to reflect the deeply rooted traits of the *rain *eing *ound *y the time+and+space perception as ell as the

sensory and intellectual aareness of physical orld&:ccording to Cosimo Urgesis clinical studies on 88 neurosurgery

patients =!(>, selective damage to left and right inferior posterior parietal regions induced a specific increase of

self+transcendence& Nevertheless, Chan Ding *ased on a more natural and intrinsic scheme leads to modulations of neuralactivity in frontal+central and temporal+parietal regions for launching for macrocosmic realm and transcending e/periences&

The core mechanism relies on the mailuns resonance ith ChI& $y intensively continuous focuson Chan0in, an e/clusive

photoelectric energy surges from the third ventricle and propagates throughout the entire *rain to harmonie all the *rain

neurons in the ay that *rain *ecomesmore tran.uil and pure at every moment& This process of *rain reformation

su*stantially changes not only the physiological functioning of the *rain *ut the mental, emotional, and psychological

traits& Practitioners gradually reach the state of internal mental serenity ith *lissful spirit all the time& The upgraded *rain

stays in the Chan+Ding state all the time, yet, e/hi*its remar#a*le creativity and superior mindful attention, *esides their

ultimate compassion and euphoria&

To investigate the effect of such intensive Chan0in vitaliation, e analyed the mass centers C x, C y, C z - of *rain

potential mappings at the prominent positive pea#s a**reviated as P)Cs- of ('+channelEE4 electroencephalograph-

signals recorded from Chan+Ding practitioners and normal healthy volunteers ithout Chan+Ding e/perience& The EE4

signals screened for analysis ere mainly slo+alpha 8 7 1' H- dominant& The P)Cs are computed from the largest five

magnitudes, EEGi-, among (' EE4 channels as follos

I

I

-

--

i

i

xi EEG

i xi EEG

C CI

I

-

--

i

i

yi EEG

i yi EEG

C CI

I

-

--

i

i

z i EEG

i z i EEG

C C

1-

here xi-, yi-, z i--indicates the coordinates of channel+i electrode& $ased on the "C"

su*Aect coordinate system- used *y $rainstorm =!5>, origin of the coordinate system is the midpoint of the line connecting

left and right pre+ auricular points, x+a/is points to the nasion, y+a/is points to the left pre+auricular point, and +a/is points

upards& %igure ! displays the evolution of P)Cs, at top vie, for (J+minute Chan+Ding EE4 %igure !a-- and !'+minute

resting EE4 %igure !*--& P)Cs of Chan+Ding EE4 are relatively focalied in the frontal+central region, hile P)Cs of

resting EE4 are dispersed in a ide area including frontal, temporal, and parietal lo*s& Fet y+length denote the length of

left pre+auricular point to right pre+auricular point& The average deviation of P)C from the origin is ('K 58K- y+length

along y+a/is for Chan+Ding practitioner control volunteer-&

I=<a," Fa,"% *CC/: 2.03 NAAS Ra"i(: 2.2




a. C@a(-Di( EEG

>. R!"i( EEG

Fi#! 2: Ma C!("! S?=>%) / %+ Bai( P%"!("ia) Ma<<i(7 T%< 6i!w7 a" EEG P%=i(!(" P%i"i! P!a. a/

5-=i(#"! C@a( Di( EEG7 a($ >/ 29-Mi(#"! R!"i( EEG

Proposition 2: Tri-Mailuns Resonanceactivates the Inverse Process o Hippocampus-!im"ic #$stemaccompan$in% &ith

Persistentl$ Mi'line-(ominant ))*

Inter*rain diencephalon- reformation is an important step to realie the ?detached, true+heart driven@ *rain& "uch

a *rain e/hi*its a uni.ue thin#ing pathay involving the heart true nature-& The frontal lo*e can encode the true+heart

isdom& To li*erate the isdom of true heart, practitioners e/perience the process of ?cleansing past #arma@ in HHI" Chan

Ding& The mechanism involves the Chan0in+%a3an+2hiHui tri+mailuns- resonance ith ChI to develop the field energy

inside the *rain that activates the inverse process of hippocampus+lim*ic system for purifying all the su*liminal

interference and past #armas& $rain neuroplasticity resulted *y tri+mailuns resonance leads to the remar#a*le strengthening

of %+C+CP midline regional neural netor#s& To demonstrate this phenomenon, spatial interactions among *rain local

neural netor#s ere evaluated in consideration of the nonlinear dynamics of the *rain under alpha+rhythmic oscillation&

Nonlinear interdependence .uantified *y similarity inde/ S X

i LY-, the influence of source signal Y on sink signal ,

as applied to the nonlinear dynamical model in phase space reconstructed from ('+channel EE4 =18>& :ppendi/ II

descri*es the scheme of evaluating S X

i LY-&Consider the *rain dynamics undergoing slo+alpha ; H- oscillations&

%igure ( illustrates the active *rain mappings for different EE4 electrodes playing the source role in dominating over the

other regions& Med color value of 1- indicates the greatest effectiveness of the source electrode on the particular *rain

region& Chan+Ding EE4 demonstrates apparent frontal+to+centroparietal, midline dominance, rather distinct from the

common parietal+occipital dominant *ehaviors in resting EE4 %igure (, right plot-&

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13 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

"uch midline %+C+CP- dominating *ehavior in EE4 spatially nonlinear interdependence strongly correlates

ith the perception of grand, sacred+purity energy floing in through the medial longitudinal fissure hen practitioners

practice Chan Ding intotri+mailuns resonance =18>& :ll neurons of the entire *rain *ecome in harmony ith tri+mailuns

resonance, resulting in fast purification and emptiness of all mental activities& Conse.uently, meta*olism and o/ygenconsumption decrease to such an e/tent as to activate the uni.ue respiration manner, )ing"e+mailun respiration, similar to

the ?fetal *reathing@ ith e/tremely lo pulmonary function& In the case, practitioners enter into the righteous Chan Ding

ith the ell+*alanced autonomic nervous system, Wu-i heart :ppendi/ I-, tran.uil mind, and detached *rain&

Fi#! : A,"i! Bai( Ma<<i( +% 11 S%#,! L%,a"i%( FJ7 CJ7 PJ7 F7 F37 C7 C37 P7 P37 O17 a($ O2/ >?

A(a)?Ji( 9-C@a((!) C@a(-Di( EEG L!+"/ a($ R!"i( EEG Ri@"/7 A(a)?J!$ wi"@ E=>!$$i( Di=!(i%(: 7

Ti=! D!)a?: Sa=<)!7 + : 5 8 07 a($ E<%,@ D#a"i%(: 2 S!,%($ 399 Sa=<)!/

To investigate the time+varying focaliation *ehaviors, %igure 5a- illustrates the time evolution of dominant EE4

electrodes analyed for a J+minute EE4 record& %or a given source channel 3, the ma/imum percentage of num*er of EE4

channels ('- ith S X

i LY-≥ '&J is encoded *y the color from *lue 'K- to red 1''K-& %or e/ample, light *lue of

5'K indicates that 1! channels 0s- are effectively driven *y the source channel 3& %or a given !+second epoch, there

might *e more than one channel ith the same ma/imum- percentage&

I=<a," Fa,"% *CC/: 2.03 NAAS Ra"i(: 2.2




a/

>/

Fi#! 3: D%=i(a(" EEG C@a((!) +% )!+"/ C@a(-Di( Pa,"i"i%(! a($ i@"/ N%=a) 6%)#("!!. a/ Ti=!

E%)#"i%( %+ P!,!("a! %+ EEG C@a((!) G%!(!$ >? "@! D%=i(a(" C@a((!) i( Ea,@ Tw%-S!,%($ E<%,@7 a($

>/ P%>a>i)i"? Hi"%a= %+ Ea,@ EEG C@a((!) B!i( D%=i(a(" i( "@! 5-Mi(#"! S!=!(" "%"a))?7 159 !<%,@/

:pparently, Chan+Ding EE4 e/hi*its persistent %+%C+C+CP- midline dominant, as illustrated *y the color

*loc#s aligned orderly in three ros corresponding to channels C, %C, and % in %igure 5a- left profile- as ell as the

three distinctive pea#s in %igure 5*-& The pro*a*ility of CP dominating over the others is compara*ly smaller& n the

other hand, the right profile in %igure 5a- for non+Chan+Ding EE4 reflects a more scattering distri*ution mainly in the

posterior regions& Channel TP8 has the highest pro*a*ility of acting as the dominant source %igure 5*--&

Proposition ,: The Pleasure Center is Converte' to Blissul Center "$ Puri$in% all the #u"liminal Intererence an'

Past +armas

Tri+mailuns resonance can effectively reform the *rain into a detached one *y changing the hypothalamus,

hippocampus, amygdala and lim*ic system to realie all the *rain characteristics descri*ed in !iamond Sutra& In the

process of purifying #arma and manas, the pleasure center in the *rain is converted into "liss#ul center& The reard circuit

involving nucleus accum*ens N:s-, ventral tegmental area <T:-, prefrontal corte/ p%C-, amygdale, and septum, after

*eing modulated *y tri+mailuns resonance ith ChI light, is converted into compassionate circuit& This scheme of

thoroughly eradicating the su*liminal contamination, interference and addicted traits provides the most fundamental and

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1 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

scientific treatment for such pro*lems as the su*stance addiction including drug, alcohol, to*acco, etc&-, PT"D

post+traumatic stress disorder-, and many mental, psychological, and spiritual disorders&

%igure J displays to five+second Chan+Ding EE4 segments recorded from to advanced practitioners& $oth

consist of remar#a*le amount of gamma aves (J 7 J' H- that might correlate ith the uni.ue *rain plasticity in the

process of purifying the su*liminal manas- consciousness and past #arma& 4radually, the *rain is regenerated for

PraAOpramit the Pure realm of grand, eternal isdom- *y 1- releasing from ego consciousness, !- transcending time+

space functioning, and (- accomplishing detachment and #ive-skandhas emptiness&

Fi#! 5: R!=aa>)! Hi@-F!#!(,? Ga==a A,"ii"i! i( C@a(-Di( EEG

In our previous study on Chan+Ding EE4, almost all the advanced practitioners e/hi*ited e/traordinarily high+

fre.uency glo*al gamma rhythms ith fre.uency higher than (' H& : num*er of papers reported the o*servation of

gamma EE4 associated ith various pathological =!J>, mental =!Q>, or consciousness =!6> conditions& These gamma

activities ere reported either to emerge in paro/ysmal manner in some active regions of the *rain or to *e induced *y

some mental processing or training scheme& Nevertheless, EE4s of many Chan+Ding practitioners e/hi*it constant, glo*al

gamma activities that might *e hypothetically correlated ith the reformation of *rain functions and neuronal netor#ing&

Proposition : .a/an mailun at H$pothalamus 0cts as Natures )n'oscope

Human eyes serve for the visualiation of material, physical phenomenon, hile %a3an mailun images the

formless, energy spectrum of internal organs& %a3an mailun locates at hypothalamus ith the optic nerves and optic chiasm

locating immediately *elo %igureQ-& %a3an functions as the natures endoscope capa*le of scanning the formless-

energy images of 2ang organs through the meridian system& :ccording to $uan% !i &ei in% , various parts of eyes reflect

'i energy of different 2ang organs as iris for liver, canthi for heart, upper loer eyelids for spleen, conAunctiva for lung,

I=<a," Fa,"% *CC/: 2.03 NAAS Ra"i(: 2.2




and pupil for #idney&:dvanced Chan+Ding practitioners have ena*led the formless+energy vision of %a3an mailun to

imagethe energy states of 2ang organs& $righter duller- light perceived *y %a3an means healthier poorer- condition of

that organ& In addition, optic nerves *ecoming the formless+to+form transducers can transmit not only electric pulses *ut

formless 'i+to+light energy for Chan+Ding practitioners in the course of realiing physical+nature isdom&

Fi#! : 6!("a) 6i!w %+ H?<%"@a)a=#7 O<"i, C@ia=7 a($ O<"i, N!! C%((!,"!$ "% E?!

Characteristics and capacities of sensory organs eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and *ody- are e/pandedand reformed *y

years of Chan+Ding practice that ena*le the practitioners to attain higher spiritual realm& :s reported in =!!>, our study on

%+<EP flashed visual evo#ed potential- demonstrated that amplitudes of P1+N! and N!+P! particularly on C and %

increased significantly during Chan Ding, yet, decreased during rela/ation rest in the control group& %+<EP amplitudes onC and % varied in opposite directions for *oth groups ith no significant difference of latencies *eteen to groups-&

Be thus suggested that Chan Ding results in acute response on primary visual corte/ and the associated parts&

Proposition :Chan-(in% Neurons Possess Photoelectric Properties

Chan Ding ith Chan0in+%a3an+2hiHui tri+mailun resonance ma#es electrical pulses fast transmit don the

entire nervous system from diencephalon through spinal cord and reach all peripheral nervous fi*res, interestingly, that

induces intense sensation of electricity+energy on the acupoints Fao+gong and 3ong+.uan- at the palm centres and sole

centres, similar to .igong practice& Fong+term Chan Ding practice evo#es the interactions *eteen ten+mailuns system and

nervous system& Under such metamorphosis process, all the physical and spiritual entities can *e thoroughly vitalied andreformed to realie the principle manifested in "ection III of !iamond Sutraa cleansed and tran.uil mind ith no ego+

entity can only *e disclosed hen all living creatures of hatever class inside our *ody and mind, form or formless, ith

or ithout thin#ing, are ferried to the pure land of &irvana heavenly, *lissful realm- hich, in fact, has *een implemented

in Chan0in mailun of orthodo/ Chan+Ding practitioners& This provides a complete and logical *asis for the propositions

claim on ho practitioners maintain a healthy and peaceful *ody, mind, and spirit& :s reported in =15>, the fre.uency of

hospital outpatient visits evaluated *y the average num*er of using the healthcare cad as reduced ith the num*er of

years of Chan+Ding practice as follos 8&;J ' 7 1 year-, J&8 ! 7 ( years-, 5&Q' 5 7 J years-, !&!! Q 7 6 years-, don to

!&16 R 6 years-, *ased on the pool of 1;( voluntary Chan+Ding practitioners&

HHI" Chan Ding remar#a*ly e/pands the scope of all sensations and instinctive capa*ilities of the *ody, mind,

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1 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

and spirit& Ten+mailuns system ena*les the autonomous nervous system :N"- to *etter regulate the 3in+3ang *alance and

five+element harmony, folloing the *asic principle in TC)& :dvanced practitioners may e/perience the interactions ith

nature more su*stantially as the *rain *ecomes more detached and egoless& :nalogy to the photosynthesis of plants,

neurons *ehave li#e the photoelectric elements capa*le of converting the formless light energy into electricity+form vitalenergy that transmits throughout the *ody via meridian netor#, nervous system, and *lood vessels&

Proposition 3: 0 (etache'4 Chan-(in% Brain (riven "$ True Heart !ea's to the Most Health$ an' Blissul Bo'$4

Min'4 #pirit #tate

Human #noledge is still very limited to the materialistic understanding of *rain particularly in the scope of

anatomy and physiology& "uch characteristics as cognition, mind and consciousness ma#e the *rain different from the other

organs& Bhat ould *e the core scheme of all these activities through the complicated intereaving of *rain hardare-

and mind softare-S Bhat is the role of the heartS Despite rapid scientific progress, much a*out ho the *rain or#s

remains un#non& Nonetheless, !iamond Sutra has already conveyed the most advanced #noledge of ho to e/plore theintrinsically ultimate capa*ility of the *rain&

!etachment provides a uni.ue ay for li*erating the *rain and mind from *eing hiAac#ed *y sensory organs and,

accordingly, e/ternal stimuli and for *eing immune to the controlling ties of all internal consciousness states ith different

layers of deepness& Detachment can relieve and even cure physical, psychological, mental, and spiritual ailments, as

manifested in $eart Sutra referred as the a*stract of !iamond Sutra- and proved *y many Chan+Ding practitioners&

Countless facts having ever e/isted in nature yet cannot all *e proved *y scientific study& "cientific method may *e

insufficient for interpreting the phenomena e/plored *y Chan Ding& Nevertheless, for thousands of years, ancient

Chan+Ding practitioners have *een validating the core principles in !iamond Sutra and $eart Sutra( Through the

disclosure of ten+mailuns system *y current Chan patriarch, thousands of practitioners in this era are proving the

miraculous capa*ility of mailun, the versatile formless vital energy, and the ne life ith a heart-driven *rain through their

Chan Ding practices 7 the scientific, empirical e/periments conducted directly in their *ody, mind, and spirit& The so+called

?heart+driven@ *rain refers to the fact that advanced Chan practitioners can perceive and interpret the isdom emerging

from true heart&

n the ay toards the disclosure of true nature, *rain reformation is a crucial step in preparation for true Chan

Ding& n the other hand, Chan Ding effectively promotes the *rain reformation& :s mentioned previously, maAor difference

*eteen meditation =171!> and Chan Ding is reflected in the scheme of ?ith+mind versus ithout+mind@ and ?heart+

irrelevant versus heart+dominant&@ Chan Ding accordingly induces .uite different *rain changes advocated in the core

doctrine of !iamond Sutra&

$ased on the cosmological theory of ?the harmonious relationship *eteen humans and nature@ advocated in

)iin% , the climate system of the earth is affected *y the ensem*le harmony or disharmony ith respect to the four cosmic

elements earth, ater, fire, and air- of human *eings& Earth+element disharmony causes earth.ua#e& Bater+element

disharmony causes flood or tsunami& %ire+element disharmony causes drought and fire& :ir+element disharmony causes

hurricane, tornado, typhoon, etc& :ccording to Chan patriarchs saying, increasing the num*er of Chan+Ding practitioners

can harmonie the climate patterns on earth and further reduce the natural haards&

DISCUSSIONS

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To the practitioners, Chan Ding is undou*tedly a scientific scheme for cultivating the spiritual entity in that all

doctrines conveyed *y Chan patriarchs are not merely *eliefs or ideology infeasi*le, instead, those can *e realia*le and

e/perienced in the hole *ody, mind, and spirit through Chan+Ding reformation mechanisms&

"cientific e/ploration of Chan Ding is still in its infancy as little is #non in regard to the states and

characteristics of detachment, Wu-i, #ive-skandhasemptiness, ten+mailuns system, true heart, etc& Nevertheless, the

isdom of !iamond Sutra, the most important doctrine in Chan "ect, could pioneer the study in *rain science& In addition

to descri*ing ho to disclose true nature in the heart, !iamond Sutra provides the most profound, perspective reality and

illustration for preparing the uni.ue *rain for pro*ing and realiing the intrinsic creativity of eternal universe& HHI" Chan

Ding is the ay to realie the detachment and #ive-skandhas emptiness, the core principles of !iamond Sutra&

Bith a detached *rain, practitioners may enter into the righteous Chan Ding& :t this stage, the *rain neural

netor#ing is optimally reired for entering and pro*ing the hyper+dimensional universe ith unlimited isdom and

vitality& In addition, practitioners *egin realiing the state of egolessness or oneness as manifested in "ection III ?The realteaching of the 4reat Bay@ of !iamond Sutra 7 ith limitless compassion, accommodating all living creatures of hatever

classes, hether ith form or ithout form, hether ith thought or ithout thought, and ferrying them all to the

un*ounded li*eration &irvana& Chan+Ding practitioners secure the #ey to healthy and *lissful life upon the purification and

li*eration of such immense, infinite num*ers of *eings that cause all #inds of suffering in our lives& In this ay, *acteria,

virus, or other pathogens can turn into totally harmless *eings residing together in our *ody& :s a conse.uence, Chan+Ding

practice of ancient doctrine in !iamond Sutra *rings forth ne insights for modern medical pro*lems since coe/istence

and co+prosperity might *e superior to attac#ing or #illing pathogens&

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Chan+Ding practitioners of the "ha#yamuni $uddhist %oundation are gratefully ac#noledged for their

enthusiastic participation in this research as volunteers& This research as supported *y the grants from the )inistry of

"cience and Technology of Taian 4rant No& N"C 1'!+!!!1+E+'';+ '!'+)3!-&

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29 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

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*iomed En% /es& !''8!;5-!8Q+!;5&

16& Huang H3, Fo PC& EE4 dynamics of e/perienced 2en+meditation practitioners pro*ed *y comple/ity inde/

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18& Fo PC, Chang CH& "patially nonlinear interdependence of alpha+oscillatory neural netor#s under Chan

meditation& Evid-"ased Complement ,lternat 1ed & !'1((Q'(61& doi 1'&11JJ!'1((Q'(61&

1;& Chang ), Huang CF, "heu 9C, Huang )F, Fo PC& Chan+Ding for drug reha*ilitation and its *rain+*asis

hypothesis& 4nd 2nt Con# Exh 3raditional 5 ,lternat 1ed & :ugust !J+!Q, !'15, $eiAing, China&

!'& Chan )aster Bu 9ue )iao Tian, Chan 1aster 1iao 3ian6s *ook o# Wisdom and the Guide to $eart Chan

1editation, Pu*lisher lulu&com, U":, 9anuary, !'1'&

!1& Chang CH, Fo PC& Effects of long+term Dharma+Chan meditation on cardiorespiratory synchroniation and

heart rate varia*ility *ehavior& /ejuvenation /es& !'1(1Q!-11J+1!(& Doi 1'&1'8;reA&!'1!&1(Q(&

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http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Judson+A.+Brewer&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Patrick+D.+Worhunsky&sortspec=date&submit=Submit



http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Jeremy+R.+Gray&sortspec=date&submit=Submit



http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Yi-Yuan+Tang&sortspec=date&submit=Submit


http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Jochen+Weber&sortspec=date&submit=Submit



http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Hedy+Kober&sortspec=date&submit=Submit








http://www.pnas.org/search?author1=Judson+A.+Brewer&sortspec=date&submit=Submit




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!(& Urgesi C, :glioti "), "#rap ), %a**r %& The spiritual *rain selective cortical lesions modulate human self+

transcendence& &euron&!'1'QJ (-(';+(1;&

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!Q& )elloni F, )olina C, Pena ), et al& "ynchroniation of neural activity across cortical areas correlates ith

conscious perception& &eurosci& !''6!611-!8J8+!8QJ&

!6& Fut :, 4reischar FF, Malings N$, et al&Fong+term meditators self+induce high+amplitude gammasynchrony during mental practice& Proc &atl ,cad Sci 7S,& !''51'15Q-1Q(Q;+1Q(6(&

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('& Fo PC, Chung BP& :n :pproach to Wuantifying the )ulti+Channel EE4 "patial+Temporal %eature&

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method& Psychophysiolo%y&1;;!!;18!+1;!&

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((& $hattacharya 9, Petsche H, Pereda E& Interdependencies in the spontaneous EE4 hile listening to music& 2nt

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APPENDICES

A<<!($i I

Chan Ding originating more than !,J'' years ago has *een proved to disclose the true nature true self, true heart-

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22 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

hile on the ay toard the ultimate $uddhahood state& $uddha "ha#yamuni disclosed the &irvana *uddhist $eart also

called Chan-heart 2mprint in Chan lineage- in ultimate Chan+Ding state under a linden tree& Chan-heart 2mprint

encompasses the invariant truth, the supreme isdom, the noumenal energy, the natural poers of creativity of the eternal

universe& The orthodo/ Chan $uddhism as originated *y such an e/ceptional affair, #non as the %loer "ermon, that$uddha "ha#yamuni transmitted the Chan-heart 2mprint to the 4reat ashyapa )ahaashyapa, or simply ashyapa-&

ashyapa smiled hen $uddha held up a lotus floer& No one #ne hat actually happened in the affair e/cept ashyapa&

ashyapa smiled *ecause he received Chan-heart imprint from $uddha& $ased on the scientific description, ashyapa

received the mighty poer of Chan-heart 2mprint from $uddha, through ireless communication lin#, that helped

ashyapa release his on Chan-heart 2mprint from all *ody+mind+spirit *indings& 4reat ashyapa *ecame the first Chan

patriarch& Every Chan patriarch underta#es the most important mission of #eeping the Chan-heart 2mprint transmitted

ithout interruption& This mechanism of Heart+to+heart Imprint "ealing HHI"- *ecomes critical and a must for Chan

transmission that is referred as ?a special transmission outside the scriptures&@ %or the *eginning Chan practitioners, HHI"

plays the crucial role of Gunloc#ing the heart toards true heart and activating the important passages inside the *rain in

preparation for *ody+mind+spirit reformation& Bithout Chan-heart 2mprint from Chan patriarch, it is almost impossi*le to

achieve the ultimate aim of Chan practice& Due to the utmost incomprehensi*ility and unintelligi*ility of ?formless and

ordless@ propagation, currently only a small group of appro/imately fifteen thousand practitioners are practicing true

Chan Ding in connection ith orthodo/ Chan Dharma Fineage& Chan Ding might *e e/clusively the only scheme for

e/ploring the true nature and forever e/istence&

The same path toards perfect enlightenment $uddhahood- *y HHI" as promulgated to mainland China in J!6

*y $odhidharma, the !8th patriarch& The current patriarch Bu 9ue )iao Tian is the 8J th patriarch of the orthodo/

Chan+$uddhism Fineage since the 4reat ashyapa& Patriarch Bu 9ue )iao Tian developed the innovative approach of Ten+mailuns purification Chan Ding, integrated ith Taoist principle of 3in+3ang, Tai+9i, and Bu+9i, for disclosing true

nature *y effectively reAuvenating the *ody, mind, spirit characteristics& nly spiritual entity can guide one into righteous

Chan Ding& 3in+3ang unification, ith the aid of Chan-heart 2mprint , at )ing0in inside the heart is the e/clusive scheme

to li*erate spiritual entity& Chan0in is the medium inside our *ody for receiving 3ang energy from the heaven, hile

Bu"hi receives 3in energy from the earth& Bith the catalytic poer from Chan-heart 2mprint , practitioners start to realie

the heaven+man+earth triple-entity uni#ication *y the intercourse of heaven+3ang and earth+3in in )ing0in inside the

heart& Upon the accomplishment of triple+entity unification, practitioners may have their heart converted into Wu-i state

*esides the li*eration of spiritual entity&

A<<!($i II: N%()i(!a I("!$!<!($!(,! M!a#!

The scheme for evaluating the nonlinear interdependence as *ased on the modified algorithm employed in

computing the similarity index S LY- =1Q, 18>& )aAor tas#s involved in the algorithm are reconstruction of the

m+dimensional phase+space traAectory and computation of the average cloud radius centered at a given state point&

Reconstruction o M-(imensional Tra5ector$

Consider the *rain as a nonlinear dynamical system& The nonlinear interactions of the local neuronal netor#s can

*e assessed *y the analysis of the collective dynamics underlying EE4 time series simultaneously recorded from different

*rain regions& %igure :&1 displays the recording montage&

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Fi#! A.1: EEG E)!,"%$! L%,a"i%( %+ "@! 9-C@a((!) R!,%$i( M%("a!

The first step is to reconstruct the multidimensional phase+space portrait of the system dynamics and Y

respectively from EE4 time series x=i> and y=i>& :ccording to the Ta#ens em*edding theory=!;>, a smooth map from the

EE4 time series X x=i>i 1, Y, & Zm−1-τ [ to the phase+space traAectory

{ } & iii

mi xi xi x 9 9 1

>--1=,>,=>,==

−++= τ τ

preserves some important topological invariants of the original

system& The reconstruction assumes a total num*er of & system+state points in the m+dimensional phase+space traAectory,

utiliing a rational time delay : in sample point- =(', (1>& The dimension m indicates the num*er of degrees of freedom of

the nonlinear system and, accordingly, reflects the complexity of the system dynamics&

Computation o the 0vera%e Clou' Ra'ius

Consider a state point 9 i on the m+dimensional phase traAectory& :s illustrated in %igure :&!, a ; NN hypersphere,

formed *y the ;6 s nearest neigh*oring ; NN- points of X i, is a cloud composed of ;m+dimensional neigh*oring points

around 9 i& Fet r i, j and si, j, j1, Y, ; , denote the time indices of the ; NN points of 9 i and ) i, respectively& Then, the set of

state points in the ; NN hypersphere centered at 9 i is

; j 9 jir ,,1,

=

& The average s.uare Euclidean distance from 9 i

to its ; NN neigh*ors or the average s.uare radius of the cloud centered at 9 i- is defined as

∑=

−= Χ ;

j

r i

;

i ji 9 9

; /

1

!-

,

1-

, 1-

here ‖･‖ indicates the operator for calculating the Euclidean distance& :nother point cloud around 9 i is formed

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23 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

ith respect to its mutual neigh*ors

ji s 9

,

, hich share the same temporal inde/es of the ; NN of ) i& In this sense, the

Y+conditioned average s.uare Euclidean distance is defined *y replacing the true nearest neigh*ors of 9 i *y the mutual

neigh*ors =(!>

∑=

−= Υ Χ ;

j

si

;

i ji 9 9

; /

1

!-

,

1-

!-

[1816,1Q,1J,6,Q,J,5,,(,1X,! = jr

6a7 >/

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[!!!1,1J,15,1(,1!,11,J,,(,1X,! = j s

,/ $/

Fi#! A.2 I))#"a"i%( +% a/ !)+ (!i@>% jr

9 ,!

/7 >/ "a"! <%i(" i( Y7 ,/ =#"#a) (!i@>%

j s 9 ,!

/ w@!! "@! i($!! s27 5 a! $!"!=i(!$ +%= "@! i($!! %+ $/ + NN %+ / 2 + 19/7 a#=i( m 4 + 19 4 i 2 4

a($ N 22.

In the e/treme case of ; & , the average s.uare radius of the traAectory centered at 9 iis given *y

∑≠=

−−

= Χ &

i j j

jii 9 9 &

/,1

!

1

1-

(-

Then, for to strongly synchronied systems, *oth self and mutual neigh*ors mostly coincide so that /i ; - 0-

\ /i ; - 0L3- ]] /i0- hereas for independent systems, mutual neigh*ors are more scattered that leads to

0--- --

i

;

i

;

i / / / ≈ Υ Χ<< Χ

& :ccordingly, the degree of interdependence of these to systems is reflected *y the

similarities or dissimilarities- *eteen these to cloud patterns formed *y self and mutual neigh*ors& The strength of

similarity *eteen these to point clouds is termed as similarity inde/ S =1Q, (!> and is defined *elo

∑= Υ Χ

Χ= Υ Χ

&

i ;

i

;

i ;

/

/

&

S 1

-

--

-

-1-

5-

S ; -0L3- assesses the statistical dependence of the state+space structure of on that of Y in the sense of testifying

hether closeness in implies closeness in Yand vice versa& To identical systems ith the same sets of self and mutual

neigh*ors result in the ma/imum similarity inde/ S 1- hereas the inde/ is close to ero S ≈'- for completely

independent systems& The opposite interdependence S ; -3L0-- can *e computed analogically& Notice that similarity

inde/es are in general asymmetric, that is, S ; -3L0-^S ; -0L3-& S ; -0L3- evaluates the effect of system Y on system &

%rom the point of vie of the system theory, signal Y is regarded as the source or the active role in the interaction hile

signal plays a passive role a sink -& n the other hand, S

; -

3L0- analysis considers Y as the sink that plays the passiverole=1Q, (!>&

The asymmetry of S is one of the main advantages over the other nonlinear measures such as the mutual

information and the phase synchroniations& $y considering each EE4 electrode either as a sin# or as a source in the

nonlinear+interdependence interaction, e may further e/plore the *rain functional topological profile and the direction of

interaction among local neuronal netor#s =((+(Q>& %or e/ample, the condition of S 3L0- RS 0L3- indicates that Y depends

more on than vice versa& In other ords, has a greater influence on Y than vice versa& In such a case, is said to *e

more active and Y is more passive&

In order to ma/imie the sensitivity to the underlying synchroniations and gain the ro*ustness against noise, e proposed a modified version of S measure ith an adAusta*le range of ; NN& The final estimate of nonlinear

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2 P!i-C@!( L% & Mi(-Lia( H#a(

interdependence is the average S ; -0L3- over an appropriate range of ; s and is denoted *y S 0L3-&In the practical

implementation, larger ; causes heavy computational load& %or long+time EE4 monitoring, ; ranging from J to 6 provides

appropriate estimates of S for discriminating various nonlinear+interdependence *ehaviors of different spatiotemporal

properties& Previous studies of dimensional comple/ity for ; H alpha+dominant EE4 have esta*lished a moderate choiceof parameters time delay : Q sample points-, em*edding dimension m 8 and indo length & 5'' sample points

! seconds- for convergent and rational estimates&

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Documents

2. Scientific Propositions for Brain Reformation by Mailun Chan Ding