Upload
eric-nilo
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
1/12
History of the Internet
John Ryan B. Lorca
Instructor I
1
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
2/12
1960s
US Department of Defense began an
experiment to help scientists and researchers
from widely dispersed areas to work together
by sharing scarce and expensive computers
and their files
The goal required the creation of a set of
connected networks that would act as acoordinated whole
2
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
3/12
Cold War
The even generated interest in a bombproof
network
That is if a part of the network were
destroyed, data would still travel toward its
destination with help from the surviving parts
3
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
4/12
1969
The Department of Defense created ARPANET
(Advanced Research Projects Agenct Network)
to address the dilemma of how computer
networks dispersed over a large area are still
ensured proper connections even with major
breaks in data lines
The ARPANET began with only four (4)computers
4
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
5/12
ARPANET Principles
Communication should occur directly betweentwo computers
There must be several routes of communicationbetween computers
Computers on the network (instead of thenetwork itself) would be responsible for knowingwhere to send data and then transmitting overwhatever route is available
Computers on the network would use the samerules, or protocols, when talking to each other(Host-to-Host Protocol)
5
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
6/12
1972
Research began to develop a new protocol
that resulted to TCP/IP
By early 80s TCP/IP became the protocol of
the ARPANET
6
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
7/12
OTHER PROTOCOLS
Other networks started appearing in the late70s and early 80s:
UUCP a network of Unix-based computers
USENETUsers Network CSNET Computer Science Network
BITNET
MILNET a DoD offshoot of ARPANET; the twonetworks were collectively called DARPANET (orthe Defense Advanced Research Project AgencyNetwork), now known to be the Internet
7
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
8/12
Late 80s
The National Science Foundation created
NSFNET (red tape prevented NSF from using
the Internet) to link its five supercomputers so
their resource could be easily shared
NSFNET used the same TCP/IP employed by
the Internet, and relied on a series of regional
networks to connect the supercomputers
8
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
9/12
1989
English computer scientist Timothy Berners-
Lee introduced the World Wide Web (WWW)
He initially designed the WWW to aid
communications between physicists working
in different parts of the world for the
European Laboratory for particle physics
As it grew, it revolutionized the uses of
Internet
9
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
10/12
1990
Academic communities began using the
Internet due in large part to the scientific
communities with the ability of the WWW
revolutionized the uses of Internet
10
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
11/12
1990
The NSFNET connected supercomputer sites
around the United States
It also connected computers at research sites
and schools that were near the
supercomputers.
Within 2 years, NSFNET had totally replaced
ARPANET
11
7/31/2019 2-History of the Internet
12/12
Further Developments
US Senator Al Gore proposed widening thearchitecture of NSFNET to include more academicinstitutions
NSFNET was renamed NREN (National Researchand Educational Network)
The bill also allowed businesses to purchase partof the network for commercial uses
1992 restrictions were lessened on commercialsites, thus the Internet began the incrediblegrowth spurt that made it a household name
12