Earth and Space ScienceUnit Test Review:

TEK 111. What type of plate boundary would you associate

with a tension fault?ANS: Divergent

2. What type of fault would you associate with a convergent boundary?

ANS: reverse, or thrust fault

3. What type of boundary is a strike-slip fault associated with?

ANS: transform boundary

4. The key to evolutionary success is ___________, which often accompanies the break-up of supercontinents. This influences a huge diversification of organisms.

ANS: Isolation

5. Sedimentary basins are important because…ANS: This is where we find deposits of fossil

fuels

6. Of the list, which are important for “removal” of CO2 from the atmosphere?

ANS: Photosynthesis; Formation of Acid Rain

7. Of the list, which are responsible for adding CO2 to the atmosphere?

ANS: Volcanic Eruptions; Cellular Respiration

Use the following list to answer questions 6 and

Volcanic Eruptions Formation of Acid RainPhotosynthesis Convergence in Ocean RidgeEarthquake Activity Cellular Respiration

8. The __________ ocean is saltier than the _____________ because...

ANS: Atlantic; Pacific; the isthmus of Panama separates the two bodies in equatorial areas. The Gulf Stream causes increased evaporation in tropical Atlantic (causing an increase in salinity), and Trade Winds carry this moist air across the isthmus, where it rains in the Pacific (causing a decrease in salinity)

9. The simplest type of fold.ANS: Monocline, one fold

10. The crests of a fold are also called…ANS: Anticlines

11.The troughs of a fold are called…ANS: Synclines

12. This type of fault occurs when two plates move past each other.

ANS: Strike-Slip

13. A complex fold which looks like this, and occurs when the layers (or waves) have turned to a horizontal position, and are evidence of great geologic upheaval.

ANS: Recumbant fold

14. Type of mountain which forms close to convergent plate tectonic boundaries, where subduction forms a trench.

ANS: Volcanic mountains

15.Type of mountain which forms when two continental plates converge, and there is no subduction.

ANS: Folded mountains

16. The name that is given to the “origin”, or formation of mountains.

ANS: Orogeny

17. What type of fault is the San Andreas, in California?

ANS: Strike-Slip Fault (right lateral)

18.Describe what a sedimentary basin is.ANS: A depressed area in the lithosphere,

where sediment which is carried through erosion and deposition, and then accumulates. This accumulation of material becomes “lithified”, and forms a basin.

19. This term applies to the measurement of anything underwater…

ANS: Bathymetric

20.The study of the surface of the Earth, which is NOT beneath the water.

ANS: Topography

21. The Andes and Cascade Mountains are examples of this type of mountain.

ANS: Volcanic

22. The Alps and Himalayas are examples of this type of mountain. ANS: Folded

23. When much of Alaska, a seamount, merged with Canada, this was a land-building process known as

ANS: tectonic accretion

24. When non-tectonic accretion occurs, through the work of erosion and deposition, this is known as

ANS: landmass accretion

25. The Mississippi River Delta region near New Orleans represents which type of land-building process?

ANS: landmass accretion

26. The break-up of the supercontinent ____________, did not impact the biosphere nearly as much as the break-up of ____________. It’s hard to influence a biosphere that contains only bacteria!

ANS: Rodinia; Pangea

27. We use this technology to study surface features of the Earth, as well as tropical storms.

ANS: satellite imagery

28. When we use an elevated position to photograph the Earth’s surface, that can be done remotely, or manually, we are employing…

ANS: Aerial photography

29. A name given to a line which connects points of equal elevation.

ANS: Contour Line

30.A type of map which uses contour lines to show elevations and depressions on the Earth’s surface.

ANS: Topographic map

31. The amount of space between contour lines on a topographic map…

ANS: Contour interval

32. How do you calculate contour interval?ANS: Difference in elevation from one interval

to the next, divided by the number of contour lines that cross between them.