1Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. CISCO CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DUPLICATE Introduction to IS-IS NANOG 20, Washington DC October 22-24 Abe Martey

1Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. CISCO CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DUPLICATE

Introduction to IS-ISIntroduction to IS-IS

NANOG 20, Washington DC October 22-24

Abe Martey

[email protected]

2© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. CISCO CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DUPLICATE

TopicsTopics

1. IS-IS Overview

2. IS-IS Protocol Concepts

3. CLNP Addressing

4. IS-IS Database

5. MPLS TE Extensions for IS-IS

6. ISP Network Design Considerations

7. Configuration Examples

8. Basic Troubleshooting

9. Further Reading

1. IS-IS Overview

2. IS-IS Protocol Concepts

3. CLNP Addressing

4. IS-IS Database

5. MPLS TE Extensions for IS-IS

6. ISP Network Design Considerations

7. Configuration Examples

8. Basic Troubleshooting

9. Further Reading


1. IS-IS Overview1. IS-IS Overview

Terminology and Acronyms

Intermediate system (IS)- RouterDesignated Intermediate System (DIS) - Designated RouterPseudonode - Broadcast link emulated as virtual node by DISEnd System (ES) - Network Host or workstationNetwork Service Access Point (NSAP) - Network Layer AddressSubnetwork Point of attachment (SNPA) - Datalink interfacePacket data Unit (PDU) - Analogous to IP PacketLink State PDU (LSP) - Routing information packet


IS-IS OverviewIS-IS Overview

• The Intermediate Systems to Intermediate System Routing Protocol (IS-IS) was originally designed to route the ISO Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) . (ISO10589 or RFC 1142)

• Adapted for routing IP in addition to CLNP (RFC1195) as Integrated or Dual IS-IS

• IS-IS is a Link State Protocol similar to the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). OSPF supports only IP



• IS-IS is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) - for Intra-domain (AS) routing

• BGP provides inter-domain routing for IP networks

• ISO-IGRP is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol that can be used between CLNP domains



• 3 network layer protocols play together to deliver the ISO defined Connectionless Network Service

- CLNP

- IS-IS

- ES- IS - End System to Intermediate System Protocol

• All 3 protocols independently go over layer 2



• CLNP is the ISO equivalent of IP for datagram delivery services (ISO 8473, RFC 994)

• ES-IS is designed for routing between network hosts and routers (ISO9542, RFC 995).

• IS-IS for layer 3 routing between routers. (ISO 10589/RFC 1142). Integrated IS-IS (RFC 1195) works within the ISO CNLS framework even when used for routing only IP.



• End System Hellos (ESH) from Hosts and Intermediate System Hellos (ISH) from Routers used for ES-IS neighbor discovery

• Intermediate System to Intermediate Systems Hellos (IIH) are used for establishing IS-IS layer3 adjacencies

• ES-IS is somehow tied into IS-IS layer 3 adjacency discovery. ES-IS enabled automatically when IS-IS is configured on Ciscos


2. IS-IS Protocol Concepts2. IS-IS Protocol Concepts

• Nodes

• Links

• Areas and Adjacencies

• Level-1 and level-2 routing


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts Network NodesNetwork Nodes

• Hosts

• Level-1 Routers

• Level-2 Routers

• Level-1 and Level-2 Pseudonodes on broadcast links only


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts Network NodesNetwork Nodes

PSN

DIS DIS

• Broadcast link represented as virtual node, referred to as Pseudonode (PSN)

• PSN role played by the Designated Router (DIS)

• DIS election is preemptive, based on interface priority with highest MAC address being tie breaker

• IS-IS has only one DIS. DIS/PSN functionality supports database synchronization between routers on a broadcast type link


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts Network/Link TypesNetwork/Link Types

• Point-to-Point Links (PoS, ptp FR, ptp ATM)

• Broadcast Links (Multi-point/multi-access, ie Ethernet, mpt FR, mpt ATM or Cisco DPT)

• Non-broadcast multi-access treated as broadcast or

point-to-point by configuration


IS-IS Protocol Concepts IS-IS Protocol Concepts AreasAreas

L1L2

L1L2

L1

L1

L1

Area 49.001

Area 49.003Area 49.0002

L1L2

Level-1Area

Level-1Area

Level-1Area

Level-2 Backbone


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts IS-IS AdjacenciesIS-IS Adjacencies

• IIH advertised for detecting neighbor and forming network layer adjacencies

• 3 types of IIHs:

– Point-to-point

– LAN Level-1

– LAN Level-2


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts Point-to AdjacenciesPoint-to Adjacencies

• Pt-to-pt IIH used to establish level-1 or Level-2 pt-to-point adjacency

• Only two way communication required on pt-to-pt links by ISO 10589

• 3-way reliable process recently proposed for standardization in the IETF. Introduces pt-to-pt adjacency state TLV (Type 240)

Intra-domain Routing Protocol Discriminator

Length Indicator

TLV Fields

Version/Protocol ID Extension

ID Length

R R R PDU Type

Version

Reserved

Maximum Area Addresses

Reserved (6 bits)

Source ID

Holding Time

PDU Length

Local Circuit ID

Circuit Type

Bytes

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

ID Length

2

1

Variable Length


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts LAN LAN (Broadcast link) Adjacencies(Broadcast link) Adjacencies

• LAN Level-1 and LAN Level-2 IIH multicast independently to AllL1ISs (01-80-C2-00-00-14) and AllL2ISs (01-80-C2-00-00-14)

• 3-way reliable adjacency formation can be enforced due to IS neighbors TLV (Type 2) appended to LAN IIHs

Intradomain Routing Protocol Descr.

Lenth Indicator


ID Length

PDU TypeR R R

Version

Reserved


Reserved/Circuit type

Source ID

Holding Time

PDU Length

Priority

TYPE LENGTH FIELDS

bytes

1

1

1

1

111

1

1

ID Length

2

2

1

ID Length + 1

Variable

R

Lan ID

Holding Time = Hello Interval x Hello MultiplierPriority - Interface Priority for DIS arbitrationLAN ID - System ID of DIS + PSN number


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts Hierarchical RoutingHierarchical Routing

Area 49.001 Area 49.0002

Level-1Routing Level-2

Routing

Level-1Routing

• IS-IS supports 2-level routing hierarchy

• Routing domain is carved into areas. Routing in an area is level-1. Routing between areas is level-2

• All ISO 10589/RFC1195 areas are stubs

Backbone


IS-IS Protocol ConceptsIS-IS Protocol Concepts IS-IS Packet TypesIS-IS Packet Types

• IS-IS Hello Packets (IIH) Level 1 LAN IS-IS Hello

Level 2 LAN IS-IS Hello

Point-to-point Hello

• Link State Packets (LSP) Level 1 and Level 2

• Complete Sequence Number packets (CSNP) Level 1 and Level 2

• Partial Sequence Number Packets (PSNP) Level 1 and Level 2


3. CLNS Addressing3. CLNS Addressing

• NSAP Format

• AFI Values

• Requirements and Caveats

• Examples

• Globally unique NSAPs


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingNSAP FormatNSAP Format

System ID NSELAFI Variable length Area address

6 bytes 1 byte1 byte 1 - 12 bytes

• NSAP format has 3 main components

– Area ID

– System ID

– N-Selector (NSEL) - value is 0x00 on a router

• NSAP of a router is also called a NET

Area ID Sys ID NSEL


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingAFI ValuesAFI Values

• X.121 - Int’l plan for public data networks

• ISO DCC - Data country code

• IS0 6523 ICD - Telex

• Local - For local use within network domain only

Address Domain AFI Value

X.121ISO DCCISO 6523Local

37394749


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingRequirements and CaveatsRequirements and Caveats

• At least one NSAP is required per node

• All routers in the same area must have a common Area ID

• Each node in an area must have a unique System ID

• All level 2 routers in a domain must have unique System IDs relative to each other

• All systems belonging to a given domain must have System IDs of the same length in their NSAP addresses


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingRequirements and Requirements and CaveatsCaveats

• Multiple NSAPs allowed on Cisco routers for merging, splitting or renumbering

• All NSAPs on the same router must have the same system ID.

• The maximum size of an NSAP is 20 bytes

• Minimum of 8 bytes allowed on Ciscos. 1 byte for area, 6 bytes for system ID and 1 byte for N-selector.

AFI prefix recommended to make minimum of 9 bytes


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingNSAP ExamplesNSAP Examples

Example 1

47.0001.aaaa.bbbb.cccc.00Area = 47.0001, SysID = aaaa.bbbb.cccc, NSel = 00

Example 2

39.0f01.0002.0000.0c00.1111.00Area = 39.0f01.0002, SysID = 0000.0c00.1111, NSel = 00

Example 3.

49.0002.0000.0000.0007.00Area = 49.0002, SysID = 0000.0000.0007, Nsel = 00


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingHow do most ISP define System IDs?How do most ISP define System IDs?

Router A#Interface Loopback 0IP address 192.168.3.25

Router isisNet 49.0001.1921.6800.3025.00

IP Address conversion process:

192.168.3.25 -> 192.168.003.025 | V

1921.6800.3025 | V

49.001.1921.6800.3025.00


CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingGlobally Unique NSAPsGlobally Unique NSAPs

• AFI 47 (ISO 6523 ICD) is allocated via national sponsoring authority of the International Registration Authority (RA), usually a national standards body

NIST - allocated IDI 0005 and 0006

BSI subsidiary IOTA allocated 0124 for assignment of ATM End Systems Addresses

• AFI 39 also administered through national institutions

IDI 0840 allocated to ANSINIST - United States National Institute of StandardsBSI - British Standards InstituteIOTA -Identifiers for Organizations for Telecommunications Addressing


47 0124 XXXXX YYYYYYYYYYYYYY AABBCCDDEEFF 00

AFI IDI ORG ID ORG ASSIGNED SYS ID NSEL

CLNS AddressingCLNS AddressingGlobally Unique NSAPs Globally Unique NSAPs

Globally unique NSAPs make sense for interconnected telecommunications systems such as ATM switches, SONET/SDH ADMs that use CLNS based applications for management. For ISPnetworks, the local AFI (49) would just be fine! Why?


4. IS-IS Link State Database4. IS-IS Link State Database

• Link State Packets

• Sequence Number Packets

• More on IS- IS Metrics

• Flooding

• Database Parameters, Flags and Timers

• SPF Algorithm


IS-IS LS DatabaseIS-IS LS DatabaseLink State PacketsLink State Packets

LSP: RTC.00-00

RTD.

LSP: RTE.00-00

RTC

RTE

LSP: RTA.00-00

RTA

LSP: RTD.00-00

RTB.

LSP: RTB.00-00


IS-IS LS DatabaseIS-IS LS Database IS-IS Packet FormatIS-IS Packet Format

• A Fixed Header Contains generic packet information and other specific information about the packet

• Type, Length, Value (TLV) FieldsTLVs are blocks of specific routing-related information in IS-IS packets

IS-IS Packets are made of the following:


IS-IS LS DatabaseIS-IS LS Database Generic Packet FormatGeneric Packet Format

Intra-domain Routing Protocol Discriminator

Length Indicator

TLV Fields


ID Length

R R R PDU Type

Version

Reserved


Packet-Specific Header Fields

No. of Octets

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1


IS-IS LS DatabaseIS-IS LS Database

LSP FormatLSP Format

Intradomain Routing Proto Descriminator

Lenth Indicator


ID Length

PDU TypeR R R

Version

Reserved


PDU Length

Remaining Lifetime

LSP ID

Sequence Number

Checksum

LSPDBOL IS TypeP ATT

TYPE LENGTH VALUE FIELDS

Octets

1

1

1

1

111

1

2

2

ID Length + 2

4

2

1

Variable


IS-IS LS DatabaseIS-IS LS Database LS Packet Identifier (LSPID)LS Packet Identifier (LSPID)

00c0.0040.abcd.02-01Sys ID PSN

IDLSPNo.

• Sys ID - System ID of IS or DIS in case of PSN LSP.

• PSN ID - Zero for Non-PSN LSP and Non-zero for PSN LSP

• LSP Number - Fragmentation number


Complete Sequence Number Packets Complete Sequence Number Packets (CSNPs)(CSNPs)

• Describes all known LSPs in the LS Database

• Standard IS-IS packet format

Fixed Header and

TLV Fields

• Each TLV includes the following info about each known LSP:

LSP ID

Remaining Lifetime

Sequence number

Checksum


Partial Sequence Number PacketsPartial Sequence Number Packets (PSNPs)(PSNPs)

• PSNPs are similarly constructed as CSNPs but have summaries of only specific LSPs

• PSNPs are used in 2 ways: – To acknowledge receipt of LSP on pt-to-pt links

– To request transmission of the latest version of an LSP


Level-1 TLVsLevel-1 TLVs

Area Address

Intermediate System Neighbors

End System Neighbors

Authentication information

IP Internal Reachability Information

Protocols Supported

IP Interface Address

TLV Name Type Origin

1

2

3

10

128129

132

ISO 10589

RFC 1195

RFC 1195

RFC 1195

ISO 10589

ISO 10589

ISO 10589


Level-2 TLVsLevel-2 TLVs

Area Address

Intermediate System Neighbors

Partition Designated Level-2 IS

Authentication information

IP Internal Reachability Information

Protocols Supported

IP Interface Address

TLV Name Type Origin12

4

10

128129

132

ISO 10589

RFC 1195

RFC 1195

RFC 1195

ISO 10589

ISO 10589

ISO 10589

5Prefix Neighbors ISO 10589

IP External Reachability Information 130 RFC 1195

Inter-domain Routing Protocol Information 131 RFC 1195


New TLVsNew TLVs

Extended IS Reachability Information

Router-Id

Extended IP Reachability Information

Dynamic Hostname Information

TLV Name Type Comments

22

134

135

137

TE Extension. Replaces TLV 2

TE Extension

TE extension used in place ofTLV 128 or 130

For dynamic distribution ofHostname to NET mapping via LSP Flooding

Point-to-Point Adjacency State 240 Reliable Pt-to-pt adjacency formation


Old IS-IS Old IS-IS MetricsMetrics

• ISO 10589 specifies 4 metric types Default - Supported by all routers.

Delay - measures transit delay

Expense - Measures the monetary cost of link utilization

Error - measures error probability

• Default metric type must be supported by all implementations

• Other metric types specified for QoS routing. Not supported in Cisco IOS and most other vendor implementations


Old IS-IS MetricsOld IS-IS Metrics

• Metric Information is carried in the following TLVs:

IS Neighbors

ES Neighbors

Prefix Neighbors

IP Internal Reachability

IP External Reachability

Extended IP Reachability

Extended IS Reachability


Old IS-IS MetricsOld IS-IS Metrics

• Maximum metric per interface is 63

• Maximum path metric is 1023

• There is no automatic assignment based on interface bandwidth

• Cisco uses default of 10 on all interfaces regardless of bandwidth

0

S

S

S

I/E

I/EI/E

I/E

Default Metric (6 bits)

Delay Metric

Expense Metric

Error Metric

1

Byte(s)

1

1

1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

4

4


Flooding and LSDB Flooding and LSDB synchronizationsynchronization

• Acknowledgement-based reliable mechanism on pt-to-point links

• Flooding on broadcast links depends on periodic advertisements of CSNPs for reliable flooding and synchronization


SRM and SSN FlagsSRM and SSN Flags

• Send Routing Message flag (SRMflag) and Send Sequence Number flag (SSNflag) are used by the Update Process to control delivery and acknowledgement of LSPs

SRMFlag - If set for a LSP on a specific link, indicates the LSP should be flooded on that link

SSNFlag - If set for a LSP on a link, means send a PSNP over that link to acknowledge receipt of LSP

.


Flooding on Pt-to-pt linksFlooding on Pt-to-pt links

RTA RTB RTC

Interface 1

Interface 2 Interface 3

Interface 4

PSNPRTA.00-00SEQ#100

PSNPRTA.00-00SEQ#100

LSPRTA.00-00SEQ#100

LSPRTA.00-00SEQ#100


Flooding on Broadcast LinksFlooding on Broadcast Links

RTA (DIS)RTB

PSNPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

LSPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

RTC

CSNPRTA.00RTB.00RTC.00RTX.00

RTA

RTB

RTA

RTX

PSNPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

RTC

LSPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

RTA

X

LSPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

RTX

PSNPRTX.00-00

SEQ#1

RTA


IS-IS Database IS-IS Database Timers Timers

Timer Default Value Cisco IOS Command

Maxage

LSP Refresh Interval

LSP Transmission Interval

LSP Retransmit Interval

CSNP Interval

1200s

900s

33ms

5s

10s

isis max-lsp-interval

isis refresh-interval

isis lsp-interval

isis retransmit-interval

isis csnp-interval


SPF AlgorithmSPF Algorithm

• Shortest Path First Algorithm (SPF), also known as Dijkstra (named after Dutch Mathematician) is used by link state protocols to obtain best paths through network

• Works by building shortest path tree from calculating router (root) to all destinations in the network

• SPF Process runs over level-1 and level-2 databases separately



• In default mode, SPF process runs no frequent than every 5s

• Full SPF is run when topology changes

• When leaf elements such as IP prefixes change, routing table is adjusted with Partial Route Calculation (PRC)

• PRC evaluates only routes that changed hence less CPU intensive and relatively fast



• Duration of SPF depends on many factors such as:

Number of nodes

Number of links

Number of IP prefixes

Degree of mesh (especially for NBMA)

Speed of Route Processor


5. IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TE5. IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TE

• Wide Metrics

• Extended IS Reachability Information

• Extended IP Reachability Information

• Sub TLVs

• Wide Metrics

• Extended IS Reachability Information

• Extended IP Reachability Information

• Sub TLVs


Extended IS Reachability Information

Extended IP Reachability Information

TLV Name Type Comments

22

135

TE Extension to replace TLV 2

TE extension to IS-IS, usedin place of TLV 128 or 130

IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TEIS-IS Extensions for MPLS TEWide MetricWide Metric

• Traffic engineering extensions to IS-IS introduces reuse fields for non-implemented QoS metrics for larger Default metric values in TLV 22 and TLV 135

• 3 byte metric field in TLV 22

• 4 byte metric field in TLV 135


IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TEIS-IS Extensions for MPLS TETLVs 22TLVs 22

• Type (1 byte): 22

• Length (1 byte): Total Length of Value Field

• Value:

3 bytes default metric information

7 bytes of system ID + pseudonode number

1 byte of length of sub-TLVs

0-244 bytes of sub-TLVs


IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TEIS-IS Extensions for MPLS TETLVs 135TLVs 135

• Type (1 byte): 135

• Length (1 byte): Total Length of Value Field

• Value:

4 bytes default metric information

1 byte of control information

1 bit up/down status

1 bit sub-TLV presence indication

6 bits prefix length

0-4 bytes of IPV4 Prefix

0-250 bytes of optional sub-TLVs

1 byte to specify length of sub-TLVs

0-249 bytes of sub-TLVs


IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TE IS-IS Extensions for MPLS TE Sub-TLVsSub-TLVs

Administrative Group ( color )

IPV4 Interface Address

Sub-TLV Name Type Length (bytes)

3

6

IPV4 Neighbor Address

• Sub-TLVs are used to flood MPLS TE resource information and link attributes

Maximum Link Bandwidth

Reservable Link Bandwidth

Unreserved Link Bandwidth

8

9

10

11

4

4

4

4

4

32


6. ISP Network Design 6. ISP Network Design ConsiderationsConsiderations

• Sub-Optimal Level 1 Routing

• 2 Layer Domain-wide Prefix distribution

• Running IS-IS over NBMA

• Routing Convergence

• Sub-Optimal Level 1 Routing

• 2 Layer Domain-wide Prefix distribution

• Running IS-IS over NBMA

• Routing Convergence


ISP Network Design ConsiderationsISP Network Design ConsiderationsSub-optimal level-1 routingSub-optimal level-1 routing

• IS - IS Areas in 1142 and RFC 1195 are stubs.

• No inter-area routes leaked from L-1-2

• L-1 routers point default to nearest L-1-2 router based on attach bit set in L-1 LSP by level-1-2 routers



• RTA points default towards RTC because it is closer

• Nearest L2 Router may not be best path out

Area 49.001 Area 49.0002Backbone

10

10

10

RTA

RTFRTE

RTB

RTD

RTC

OC48

OC12

L1

L1

L1L2

L1L2

L1L2 L1



• Workaround is to put every router into single area and run level-1 or level-2 routing

• Make every router level-1 or level-2 only. By default Cisco routers come up as level-1-2

Area 49.001

10

10

10

RTA

RTFRTE

RTB

RTD

RTC

OC48

OC12

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2 L2


ISP Network Design ConsiderationsISP Network Design ConsiderationsDomain Wide Prefix DistributionDomain Wide Prefix Distribution

• AKA Route Leaking

• Allows L-1-2 routers to advertise inter-area routes into L1

• L1 routers can then determine optimal paths for destinations in other areas

• Allows scaling IS-IS networks by building hierarchy into network architecture

• draft-ietf-isis-domain-wide-02.txt


ISP Network Design ConsiderationsISP Network Design ConsiderationsMesh-groupMesh-group

• Configure RTA, RTB,RTC, RTD into mesh-group to reduce redundant flooding. RTE on Redundant path

• LSPs received from a member of mesh-group will be flooded to only non-members

• draft-balya-parker-mesh-00.txt

RTA

RTC

RTB

RTD

RTE


ISP Network Design ConsiderationsISP Network Design ConsiderationsRouting ConvergenceRouting Convergence

• Current networks configured for stability and decent convergence

• Optimizing for faster convergence desirable given improved quality of optical links

• Risks in case of unexpected instabilitiesConstant LSP regeneration

Extra Flooding

Processor intensive SPF runs, etc


ISP Network Design ConsiderationsISP Network Design ConsiderationsRouting ConvergenceRouting Convergence

• Challenges with SPF reduced by PRC

• Redundant flooding can be alleviated with mesh-groups

• Distributed or separate forwarding engines should take load off Route Processors

• Above gains have been leveraged to improve routing convergence in some versions of Cisco IOS.

• How? By using small hold-downs and short interval between SPF runs and intelligent stabilization algorithms in case of persistent churns

• Enhancements in Cisco IOS 12.1 provide 8x faster convergence than current 12.0S releases for large networks of the order of 1000s


7. Configuring IS-IS on Ciscos7. Configuring IS-IS on Ciscos

• Basic Configuration

• Multi-point configuration (ATM and FR)

• Typical ISP router configuration

• Default route

• Redistribution and Summarization

• MPLS TE Configuration


Basic Configuration Basic Configuration

.6.5 198.168.1.4/30

GSR1GSR4

Pos1/0 Pos1/0

GSR212.1.1.0/24

.2.8

hostname GSR2clns routing!interface Loopback0 ip address 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ

interface Ethernet0 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ!interface POS2/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ip router isis SJ!router isis SJ net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00!clns host GSR1 49.0001.0000.0000.0008.00

hostname GSR4clns routing!interface Loopback0 ip address 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ!interface POS2/0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ!router isis SJ net 49.0002.0000.0000.0004.00

e0


Verifying OperationVerifying Operation show clns neighborsshow clns neighbors

GSR2#show clns neighbors

System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type ProtocolGSR1 Et0 00d0.58eb.d601 Up 8 L1L2 IS-ISGSR4 PO2/0 *HDLC* Up 25 L2 IS-IS

GSR2#show clns neighbors detail

System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type ProtocolGSR1 Et0 00d0.58eb.d601 Up 9 L1L2 IS-IS Area Address(es): 49.0001 IP Address(es): 12.1.1.8* Uptime: 00:08:57 GSR4 PO2/0 *HDLC* Up 24 L2 IS-IS Area Address(es): 49.0002 IP Address(es): 10.1.1.2* Uptime: 00:24:08


Verifying operationVerifying operation show clns interfaceshow clns interface

GSR2#sh clns interface pos2/0POS2/0 is up, line protocol is up Checksums enabled, MTU 4470, Encapsulation HDLC ERPDUs enabled, min. interval 10 msec. RDPDUs enabled, min. interval 100 msec., Addr Mask enabled Congestion Experienced bit set at 4 packets CLNS fast switching disabled CLNS SSE switching disabled DEC compatibility mode OFF for this interface Next ESH/ISH in 43 seconds Routing Protocol: IS-IS Circuit Type: level-1-2 Interface number 0x0, local circuit ID 0x100 Level-1 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR4.00 Number of active level-1 adjacencies: 0 Level-2 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR2.00 Number of active level-2 adjacencies: 1 Next IS-IS Hello in 2 seconds


Verifying operationVerifying operation show clns interfaceshow clns interface

GSR2#sh clns interface e0Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up Checksums enabled, MTU 1497, Encapsulation SAP ERPDUs enabled, min. interval 10 msec. RDPDUs enabled, min. interval 100 msec., Addr Mask enabled Congestion Experienced bit set at 4 packets CLNS fast switching disabled CLNS SSE switching disabled DEC compatibility mode OFF for this interface Next ESH/ISH in 4 seconds Routing Protocol: IS-IS Circuit Type: level-1-2 Interface number 0x1, local circuit ID 0x1 Level-1 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR1.01 Number of active level-1 adjacencies: 1 Level-2 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR1.01 Number of active level-2 adjacencies: 1 Next IS-IS LAN Level-1 Hello in 3 seconds Next IS-IS LAN Level-2 Hello in 5 seconds


Verifying operationVerifying operation show clns protocolshow clns protocol

GSR2#sh clns protocolIS-IS Router: SJ System Id: 0000.0000.0002.00 IS-Type: level-1-2 Manual area address(es): 49.0001 Routing for area address(es): 49.0001 Interfaces supported by IS-IS: Loopback0 - IP Ethernet0 - IP POS2/0 - IP Redistributing:static Distance: 110 RRR level: none Generate narrow metrics: level-1-2 Accept narrow metrics: level-1-2 Generate wide metrics: none Accept wide metrics: none


Verifying OperationVerifying Operation show isis topologyshow isis topology

GSR2#sh isis topology

IS-IS paths to level-1 routersSystem Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPAGSR2 --GSR1 10 GSR1 Et0 00d0.58eb.d601

IS-IS paths to level-2 routersSystem Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPAGSR2 --GSR4 10 GSR4 PO2/0 *HDLC*GSR1 10 GSR1 Et0 00d0.58eb.d601


Verifying OperationVerifying Operationshow isis database level-n detail <lspid>show isis database level-n detail <lspid>

GSR2#show isis database level-1 detail GSR2.00-00

IS-IS Level-1 LSP GSR2.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR2.00-00 * 0x0000000E 0xDAE4 1197 1/0/0 Area Address: 49.0001 NLPID: 0xCC Hostname: GSR2 IP Address: 13.1.1.2 Metric: 10 IP 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 Metric: 10 IP 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.255 Metric: 10 IS GSR2.02 Metric: 10 IS GSR1.01 Metric: 0 ES GSR2



GSR2#show isis database level-2 detail GSR2.00-00

IS-IS Level-2 LSP GSR2.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR2.00-00 * 0x0000000E 0x08B5 986 0/0/0 Area Address: 49.0001 NLPID: 0xCC Hostname: GSR2 IP Address: 13.1.1.2 Metric: 10 IS GSR2.02 Metric: 10 IS GSR1.01 Metric: 10 IS GSR4.00 Metric: 10 IP 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 Metric: 10 IP 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.255



GSR2#sh isis dat level-1 detail GSR1.01-00

IS-IS Level-1 LSP GSR1.01-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR1.01-00 0x00000007 0xAF8E 616 0/0/0 Metric: 0 IS GSR1.00 Metric: 0 IS GSR2.00

• Pseudonode LSP (GSR1.01-00) is generated by GSR1 which is DIS on ethernet0 of GSR2

• PSN LSP Lists all known routers connected to LAN


Verifying OperationVerifying Operationshow ip route [isis]show ip route [isis]

GSR2#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, POS2/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 13.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnetsi L1 13.1.1.8 [115/20] via 12.1.1.8, Ethernet0i L2 13.1.1.4 [115/20] via 10.1.1.2, POS2/0

C 13.1.1.2 is directly connected, Loopback0


ATM Multi-pt ConfigurationATM Multi-pt ConfigurationGSR4

.3 .410.1.1.0/24

GSR3

hostname GSR3!clns routing!interface ATM6/0.1 multipoint ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis atm pvc 1 0 8 aal5snap map-group GSR_Lab!router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00 is-type level-2-only!map-list GSR_Lab ip 10.1.1.4 atm-vc 1 broadcast clns 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00 atm-vc 1 broadcast

hostname GSR4!clns routing!interface ATM6/0.1 multipoint ip address 10.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis atm pvc 1 0 8 aal5snap map-group GSR_Lab!router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00 is-type level-2-only!map-list GSR_Lab ip 10.1.1.3 atm-vc 1 broadcast clns 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00 atm-vc 1 broadcast


ATM Multi-pt ConfigurationATM Multi-pt Configuration

GSR3#sh clns neighbors

System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type ProtocolGSR4 AT6/0.1 VC 1 Up 7 L2 IS-IS

GSR3#show clns int atm6/0.1ATM6/0.1 is up, line protocol is up Checksums enabled, MTU 4467, Encapsulation ATM ERPDUs enabled, min. interval 10 msec. RDPDUs enabled, min. interval 100 msec., Addr Mask enabled Congestion Experienced bit set at 4 packets CLNS fast switching disabled CLNS SSE switching disabled DEC compatibility mode OFF for this interface Next ESH/ISH in 8 seconds Routing Protocol: IS-IS Circuit Type: level-1-2 Interface number 0x0, local circuit ID 0x1 Level-2 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR4.01 Number of active level-2 adjacencies: 1 Next IS-IS LAN Level-2 Hello in 7 seconds


ATM Pt-to-pt ConfigurationATM Pt-to-pt ConfigurationGSR4

.3 .410.1.1.0/24

GSR3

hostname GSR4!clns routing! interface ATM6/0.2 point-to-point ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis atm pvc 2 0 10 aal5snap!router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00 is-type level-2-only

hostname GSR3!clns routing!interface ATM6/0.2 point-to-point ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis atm pvc 2 0 10 aal5snap!router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00 is-type level-2-only


ATM Point-pt ConfigurationATM Point-pt Configuration

GSR3#show clns neighbors

System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type ProtocolGSR4 AT6/0.2 VC 2 Up 26 L2 IS-ISGSR4 AT6/0.1 VC 1 Up 9 L2 IS-IS

GSR3#show clns int atm6/0.2ATM6/0.2 is up, line protocol is up Checksums enabled, MTU 4467, Encapsulation ATM ERPDUs enabled, min. interval 10 msec. RDPDUs enabled, min. interval 100 msec., Addr Mask enabled Congestion Experienced bit set at 4 packets CLNS fast switching disabled CLNS SSE switching disabled DEC compatibility mode OFF for this interface Next ESH/ISH in 16 seconds Routing Protocol: IS-IS Circuit Type: level-1-2 Interface number 0x1, local circuit ID 0x100 Level-2 Metric: 10, Priority: 64, Circuit ID: GSR3.00 Number of active level-2 adjacencies: 1 Next IS-IS Hello in 3 seconds


Frame Relay Multi-pt ConfigurationFrame Relay Multi-pt Configuration

RTA RTB

hostname RTA!clns routing!interface Serial0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip router isis encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay map clns 200 broadcast frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.2 200!router isis net 49.0002.0000.0000.0001.00 is-type level-2-only

Hostname RTB!clns routing!interface Serial0 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 ip router isis isp encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay map clns 200 broadcast frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 200!router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 is-type level-2-only

FR CLOUD.1 .2

192.168.1.0/24


Typical ISP Router ConfigurationTypical ISP Router Configuration

GSR1#interface Loopback0ip address 172.160.250.1 255.255.255.255!interface POS1/0ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0isis metric 100 level-2isis hello-interval 12 level-2isis hello-multiplier 5 level-2isis retransmit-interval 100!router isis SJsummary-address 172.160.0.0 255.255.0.0 passive-interface Loopback0distance 15 ipnet 49.0001.0001.0000.0001.0002.0001.1721.6025.0001.00is-type level-2-onlymetric-style widespf-interval 30log-adjacency-changes


default-information originatedefault-information originate

RTB#sh isis database RTE.00-00 detail level-2 IS-IS Level-2 LSP RTE.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLRTE.00-00 * 0x0000008D 0xDBD0 848 0/0/0 Area Address: 49.0002 NLPID: 0x81 0xCC IP Address: 172.16.2.2 Metric: 10 IS RTE.01 Metric: 10 IS RTB.00 Metric: 0 IP-External 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Metric: 20 IP 172.16.5.16 255.255.255.252 Metric: 20 IP 172.16.5.12 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 172.16.5.4 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0

Hostname RTE!router isis SJ default-information originate net 49.0002.0000.0000.0002.00!

Used for originating default into level-2Level-1 routers automatically point default to nearest level-2 router based on attach bit information


Verifying OperationVerifying Operation show isis databaseshow isis database

GSR2#sh isis databaseIS-IS Level-1 Link State DatabaseLSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR2.00-00 * 0x00000008 0x7399 716 1/0/0GSR1.00-00 0x00000002 0x7307 545 1/0/0GSR1.01-00 0x00000003 0xB78A 574 0/0/0

IS-IS Level-2 Link State DatabaseLSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR2.00-00 * 0x00000009 0xC049 1054 0/0/0GSR4.00-00 0x00000009 0x71D6 999 0/0/0GSR1.00-00 0x0000626A 0x1963 701 0/0/0GSR1.01-00 0x0000696F 0x32C2 906 0/0/0


SummarizationSummarization

.6.5

172.16.5.0/30RTB RTE

172.170.1.0/24

hostname RTB!interface Ethernet0 ip address 172.170.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ!router isis SJ summary-address 172.170.0.0 255.255.0.0 net 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00


SummarizationSummarization

RTE#sh ip routeGateway of last resort is not set i L2 172.170.0.0/16 [115/20] via 172.16.5.5, Serial 0

172.16.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 172.16.5.4/30 is directly connected, Serial0

RTB#sh isis dat RTB.00-00 l2 detailIS-IS Level-2 LSP RTB.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLRTB.00-00 * 0x00000096 0x86F6 877 0/0/0 Area Address: 49.0001 NLPID: 0x81 0xCC IP Address: 172.170.1.1 Metric: 10 IS RTB.02 Metric: 10 IS RTE.00 Metric: 10 IS RTF.00 Metric: 10 IP 172.16.5.4 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 172.170.0.0 255.255.0.0


RedistributionRedistribution

.6.5

172.16.5.0/30RTB RTE

172.170.1.0/24

RTG

IS-IS DomainOSPF Domain

172.80.1.1/24

RTErouter ospf 1 network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router isis SJ redistribute ospf 1 metric 20 metric-type internal level-2 net 49.0002.0000.0000.0002.00

172.16.2.0/24

.3 .4


RedistributionRedistribution

RTE#sh isis dat rte.00-00 level-2 detail IS-IS Level-2 LSP RTE.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLRTE.00-00 * 0x000003B3 0x66A7 859 0/0/0 Area Address: 49.0002 NLPID: 0x81 0xCC IP Address: 172.16.2.2 Metric: 10 IS RTE.01 Metric: 10 IS RTB.00 Metric: 20 IP-External 172.180.0.0 255.255.0.0 Metric: 20 IP 172.16.5.16 255.255.255.252 Metric: 20 IP 172.16.5.12 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 172.16.5.4 255.255.255.252 Metric: 10 IP 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configuration

GSR1GSR4

GSR6

GSR2

Pos 2/0

Pos 3/0

Pos 2/0

Eth 0Eth 0

Pos 2/2 Pos 4/0

Pos 4/0

10.1.1.0/30

12.1.1.0/30

10.1.1.4/3010.1.1.8/30

.8.2

.5

.6

.4.1

.9

.10


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE ConfigurationIS-IS configurationIS-IS configuration

hostname GSR2!mpls traffic-eng tunnelsinterface Loopback0 ip address 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.255 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis SJ!interface POS2/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnels isis metric 100 level-2 ip rsvp bandwidth 10000 10000!interface POS3/0 ip address 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252 ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnels isis metric 100 level-2

ip rsvp bandwidth 10000 10000!router isis SJ net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 is-type level-2-only metric-style wide log-adjacency-changes mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0 mpls traffic-eng level-2 !


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE ConfigurationDynamic Path Dynamic Path

hostname GSR2!

interface Tunnel1 ip unnumbered Loopback0 no ip directed-broadcast tunnel destination 13.1.1.4 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute announcetunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth 10000 tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 1 dynamic

• Tunnel is configured on head end router

• For dynamic path discovery, dynamic path option is used


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE ConfigurationExplicit Path Explicit Path

hostname GSR2!

interface Tunnel2 ip unnumbered Loopback0 no ip directed-broadcast tunnel destination 13.1.1.4 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute announce tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 1 explicit name ViaGSR6! ip explicit-path name ViaGSR6 enable next-address 13.1.1.6 next-address 13.1.1.4!ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel2

• Tunnel is configured on head end router

• Explicit path defined



GSR2#show mpls traffic-eng tunn briefSignalling Summary: LSP Tunnels Process: running RSVP Process: running Forwarding: enabled Periodic reoptimization: every 3600 seconds, next in 1180 secondsTUNNEL NAME DESTINATION STATUS STATEGSR2_t1 13.1.1.4 up upGSR2_t2 13.1.1.4 up upDisplayed 2 (of 2) heads, 0 (of 0) midpoints, 0 (of 0) tails


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE ConfigurationGSR2#sh mpls traffic-eng tunnels name GSR2_t1 Name: GSR2_t1 (Tunnel1) Destination: 13.1.1.4 Status: Admin: up Oper: up Path: valid Signalling: connected

path option 1, type dynamic (Basis for Setup, path weight 100)Config Paramters: Bandwidth: 1000 Priority: 7 7 Affinity: 0x0/0xFFFF AutoRoute: enabled LockDown: disabled

InLabel : - OutLabel : POS2/0, implicit-null RSVP Signalling Info: Src 13.1.1.2, Dst 13.1.1.4, Tun_Id 1, Tun_Instance 1 RSVP Path Info: My Address: 13.1.1.2 Explicit Route: 10.1.1.2 13.1.1.4 Record Route: NONE Tspec: ave rate=1000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=1000 kbits RSVP Resv Info: Record Route: NONE Fspec: ave rate=1000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=Inf


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configuration Tunnel1 Tunnel1

GSR2#sh mpls traffic-eng tunnels name GSR2_t1 Name: GSR2_t1 (Tunnel1) Destination: 13.1.1.4 Status: Admin: up Oper: up Path: valid Signalling: connected

path option 1, type dynamic (Basis for Setup, path weight 100)Config Paramters: Bandwidth: 1000 Priority: 7 7 Affinity: 0x0/0xFFFF AutoRoute: enabled LockDown: disabled

InLabel : - OutLabel : POS2/0, implicit-null RSVP Signalling Info: Src 13.1.1.2, Dst 13.1.1.4, Tun_Id 1, Tun_Instance 1 RSVP Path Info: My Address: 13.1.1.2 Explicit Route: 10.1.1.2 13.1.1.4 Record Route: NONE Tspec: ave rate=1000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=1000 kbits RSVP Resv Info: Record Route: NONE Fspec: ave rate=1000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=Inf


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configuration Tunnel 2 Tunnel 2

GSR2#sh mpls traffic-eng tunnels name GSR2_t1 Name: GSR2_t2 (Tunnel2) Destination: 13.1.1.4 Status: Admin: up Oper: up Path: valid Signalling: connected

path option 1, type explicit ViaGSR6 (Basis for Setup, path weight 110) Config Paramters: Bandwidth: 0 Priority: 7 7 Affinity: 0x0/0xFFFF AutoRoute: enabled LockDown: disabled InLabel : - OutLabel : POS3/0, 26 RSVP Signalling Info: Src 13.1.1.2, Dst 13.1.1.4, Tun_Id 2, Tun_Instance 1 RSVP Path Info: My Address: 13.1.1.2 Explicit Route: 10.1.1.10 10.1.1.5 Record Route: NONE Tspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=0 kbits RSVP Resv Info: Record Route: NONE

Fspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=Inf


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configuration show isis database verbose show isis database verbose

GSR2#show isis database verbose GSR2.00-00IS-IS Level-2 LSP GSR2.00-00LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OLGSR2.00-00 * 0x00000009 0x5304 1125 0/0/0 Area Address: 49.0001 NLPID: 0xCC Hostname: GSR2 Router ID: 13.1.1.2 IP Address: 13.1.1.2 Metric: 100 IS-Extended GSR6.00 Affinity: 0x00000000 Interface IP Address: 10.1.1.9 Neighbor IP Address: 10.1.1.10 Physical BW: 622000000 bits/sec Reservable BW: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[0]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[1]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[2]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[3]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[4]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[5]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[6]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[7]: 10000000 bits/sec


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configuration show isis database verbose cont’d show isis database verbose cont’d

GSR2#show isis database verbose GSR2.00-00

[snip]

Metric: 100 IS-Extended GSR4.00 Affinity: 0x00000000 Interface IP Address: 10.1.1.1 Neighbor IP Address: 10.1.1.2 Physical BW: 2488000000 bits/sec Reservable BW: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[0]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[1]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[2]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[3]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[4]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[5]: 10000000 bits/sec BW Unreserved[6]: 10000000 bits/sec, BW Unreserved[7]: 9000000 bits/sec Metric: 100 IP 10.1.1.8/30 Metric: 100 IP 10.1.1.0/30 Metric: 10 IP 13.1.1.2/32


GSR2#sh isis mpls traffic-eng ? adjacency-log Adjacency Log advertisements Agent advertisements downstream-tree MPLS TE Optimized Autoroute Calculation downstream tree tunnel Tunnel Information

GSR2#sh isis mpls traffic-eng adjacency-log IS-IS MPLS TE logWhen Neighbor ID IP Address Interface Status Level00:50:13 GSR4.00 10.1.1.2 PO2/0 Up level-200:50:12 GSR6.00 10.1.1.10 PO3/0 Up level-2

GSR2#sh isis mpls traffic-eng tunnelGSR2#sh isis mpls traffic-eng tunnelSystem Id Tunnel Name Bandwidth Nexthop Metric ModeGSR4.00 Tunnel2 0 13.1.1.4 Tunnel1 1000 13.1.1.4

MPLS TE MPLS TE IS-IS show commandsIS-IS show commands


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configurationhostname GSR4mpls traffic-eng tunnels!interface Loopback0 ip address 13.1.1.4 255.255.255.255 ip router isis SJ!interface Loopback5 ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0!interface Ethernet0 ip address 12.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 ip router isis SJ!interface POS2/0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnelsip rsvp bandwidth 1000 1000

interface POS4/0 ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 1000 1000!router isis SJ net 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00 is-type level-2-only metric-style wide mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0 mpls traffic-eng level-2



hostname GSR6!mpls traffic-eng tunnels!interface Loopback0 ip address 13.1.1.6 255.255.255.255 ip router isis SJ!interface POS4/0 ip address 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 1000 1000

interface POS2/2 ip address 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis SJ mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 1000 1000

router isis SJ net 49.0001.0000.0000.0006.00 is-type level-2-only metric-style wide mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0 mpls traffic-eng level-2


MPLS TE ConfigurationMPLS TE Configurationshow ip routeshow ip route

GSR2#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area Gateway of last resort is not set S 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2 10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 10.1.1.8 is directly connected, POS3/0C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, POS2/0i L2 10.1.1.4 [115/20] via 10.1.1.10, POS3/0 [115/20] via 13.1.1.4, Tunnel2 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsi L2 12.1.1.0 [115/20] via 13.1.1.4, Tunnel2 13.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnetsi L2 13.1.1.4 [115/20] via 13.1.1.4, Tunnel2i L2 13.1.1.6 [115/20] via 10.1.1.10, POS3/0C 13.1.1.2 is directly connected, Loopback0


8. Basic Troubleshooting8. Basic Troubleshooting

• Show Commands

• Debugging Commands

• Error logs

• MPLS TE troubleshooting


TroubleshootingTroubleshootingCLNS CommandsCLNS Commands

show clns intshow clns protocol show clns neighbors detail show clns is-neighborsshow clns es-neighborsshow clns routeshow clns cacheshow clns traffic


Troubleshooting Troubleshooting show isis commandsshow isis commands

show isis spf-logshow isis database detailshow isis database<lspid>show isis route show isis database L1|L2


Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Debugging CommandsDebugging Commands

debug clns:events CLNS error eventsfilters CLNS filterspackets CLNS packet switching activityrouting CLNS routing table activity

debug isis:adj-packets IS-IS Adjacency related packetschecksum-errors IS-IS LSP checksum errorslocal-updates IS-IS local update packetssnp-packets IS-IS CSNP/PSNP packetsspf-events IS-IS Shortest Path First Eventsspf-statistics IS-IS SPF Timing and Statistic Dataspf-triggers IS-IS SPF triggering eventsupdate-packets IS-IS Update related packet


TroubleshootingTroubleshooting Error Logging Error Logging

log-adjacency-changes CommandUsed to keep track of changes in the state of adjacent neighbors

Helpful in tracking connectivity problems

RTX#show log

%CLNS-5-ADJCHANGE: ISIS: Adjacency to 0000.0000.0001 (ethernet 0)

%CLNS-5-ADJCHANGE: ISIS: Adjacency to 0000.0000.0002 (ethernet 0)

BAD Clns Packet ErrorsNov 16 02:18:04.848 EDT: %CLNS-4-BADPACKET: ISIS: P2P hello, option 8 length 53 remaining bytes (51) from VC 2 (ATM4/0.2)Nov 16 02:18:04.848 EDT: ISIS: P2P hello, option 8 length 53 > remaining bytes (51) from VC 2 (ATM4/0.2)


TroubleshootingTroubleshootingSPF LogsSPF Logs

RTB#sh isis spf-logLevel 1 SPF logWhen Duration Nodes Count Triggers00:25:27 8 4 1 PERIODIC00:18:09 12 5 2 NEWLSP TLVCONTENT00:10:27 8 5 1 PERIODIC

Level 2 SPF logWhen Duration Nodes Count Triggers00:40:35 8 3 1 PERIODIC00:25:35 8 3 1 PERIODIC00:18:17 8 3 1 TLVCONTENT00:10:34 8 3 1 PERIODIC


TroubleshootingTroubleshootingMPLS TE MPLS TE

• Show mpls traffic-eng tunnel

• show mpls traffic-eng topology

• show mpls traffic-eng autoroute

• show mpls traffic-eng link advertisements

• show isis traffic-eng tunnels

• show isis database [verbose|detail]

• show ip rsvp

• Debug traffic-eng path calc

• debug ip rsvp


9. Further Reading9. Further Reading

• ISO 8473 Connectionless Network Protocol (CNLP)

• ISO 10589 ISO IS-IS Routing Protocol

• ISO 9542 ES-IS Routing Protocol

• ISO 8348/Ad2 Network Services Access Points

• RFC 1195 Integrated (Dual) IS-IS

• RFC 1237 Guidelines for OSI NSAP allocation in the Internet

• http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios113ed/113ed_cr/np1_c/1cisis.htm

• http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios121/121newft/121t/121t3/traffeng.htm

• ISO 8473 Connectionless Network Protocol (CNLP)

• ISO 10589 ISO IS-IS Routing Protocol

• ISO 9542 ES-IS Routing Protocol

• ISO 8348/Ad2 Network Services Access Points

• RFC 1195 Integrated (Dual) IS-IS

• RFC 1237 Guidelines for OSI NSAP allocation in the Internet

• http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios113ed/113ed_cr/np1_c/1cisis.htm

• http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios121/121newft/121t/121t3/traffeng.htm


9. Further Reading9. Further Reading

• RFC Drafts:

• draft-ietf-isis-traffic-02.txt

• draft-ietf-isis-3way-01.txt


• draft-ietf-isis-dyname-01.txt

• draft-hsmit-mpls-igp-spf-00.txt

• draft-ietf-isis-hmac-00.txt

• RFC Drafts:

• draft-ietf-isis-traffic-02.txt

• draft-ietf-isis-3way-01.txt


• draft-ietf-isis-dyname-01.txt

• draft-hsmit-mpls-igp-spf-00.txt

• draft-ietf-isis-hmac-00.txt


Q and AQ and A

•Thank You

Documents

1Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. CISCO CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DUPLICATE Introduction to IS-IS NANOG 20, Washington DC October 22-24 Abe Martey