1.Leadership Functional Approach

8/13/2019 1.Leadership Functional Approach

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DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS LEADERSHIP

MODULE 1

FUNCTIONAL LEADERSHIP

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

How to Lead and Manage Change

THE ONCE STABLE AND RELIABLE SOURCESOF ADVANTAGE HAVE BEEN ERODEDCAPTURING THE NE HIGH GROUNDRE!UIRES E"TRAORDINAR# CHANGE ANDLEADERSHIP OF THE HIGHEST ORDER


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(REVISED MARCH 2002)


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INTRODUCTION

The $e% to e&&e't()e *anage*ent (+ ,eade-+h(.

So*e 'on'e.t+ (n the /eha)(o-a, +'(en'e+ a-e we,, (ntended0 /1t &a,, +ho-t o& the *a+$2The% g()e %o1 good (dea+ to th(n$ a/o1t0 /1t the% dont a,wa%+ te,, %o1 how to .1t the+e(dea+ (nto .-a't('e2 Th(+ .-og-a**e (+ de+(gned to .-o)(de %o1 w(th the+e +$(,,+2

The ,eade-+h(. +t-ateg(e+ .-e+ented w(,, he,. %o1 *a3(*(+e -e+1,t+ when wo-$(ng w(th.eo.,e2 So*et(*e+ th(+ (+ ea+(e- +a(d than done2 Rea, ,(&e +(t1at(on+ a-e ne)e- +tat('2 The%a-e (n a 'on+tant +tate o& 'hange2 Th(ng+ a-e e(the- gett(ng /ette- o- wo-+e2

L($e an% othe- +$(,,+0 ,eade-+h(. e&&e't()ene++ (n'-ea+e+ the *o-e %o1 1nde-+tand and.-a't('e the +$(,,+2

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Man% o& %o1 a-e ,(ne o- o.e-at(ng *anage-+ and *a% &(nd (t d(&&('1,t to a++o'(ate o- -e,atethe .-(n'(.,e+ o& e&&e't()e ,eade-+h(. .-e+ented he-e (n the wa-* at*o+.he-e o& th(+,e't1-e theat-e w(th the -ea, wo-$ +(t1at(on o- %o1- &a'to-% en)(-on*ent2

The .o+(t(on *a% /e'o*e &1-the- 'on&1+ed when we 'on+(de- that the *a4o-(t% o& o1-a''e.ted .-(n'(.,e+ o& *anage*ent and ,eade-+h(. a-e de-()ed e3',1+()e,% &-o* a 'a+e+t1d% o& the Ind1+t-(a,(+ed e+t2

I &(-*,% /e,(e)e that ,eade-+h(. *ethod+ (n 5(*/a/we ha)e to /e +t1d(e+ (n g-eat deta(,2M1'h ha+ a,-ead% /een done to (nt-od1'e *ode-n *anage*ent 'on'e.t+6 and the 'ent-a,-o,e o& ,eade-+h(. ha+ /een -e'ogn(+ed and (+ /e(ng g()en (n'-ea+(ng (*.o-tan'e2Howe)e-0 5(*/a/wean ,eade-+ *1+t not /e a&-a(d to 71e+t(on tho+e a++1*.t(on+ wh('hha)e /een &o- ,ong (n 1+e (n the *o-e ad)an'ed e+te-n 'o1nt-(e+ +(*.,% /e'a1+e weth(n$ that the e+t+ a'h(e)e*ent+ 41+t(&% the *ean+ the% 1+ed2 e *1+t +ee$ to ado.t

tho+e 'on'e.t+ that we th(n$ a-e a..,('a/,e to 5(*/a/we and we +ho1,d e)o,)e new'on'e.t+ whe-e e3(+t(ng .-a't('e+ a-e &o1nd want(ng2

I +ha,, /e d(+'1++(ng a +1/4e't o& wh('h *an% o& %o1 ha)e .e-+ona, $now,edge ande3.e-(en'e2 I a*0 the-e&o-e0 (n -ea, dange- o& +a%(ng th(ng+ that +o*e o& %o1 w(,, -ega-da+ he-et('a, and .e-ha.+ *(+g1(ded2 It wo1,d /e w-ong o& *e to a)o(d th(+ -(+$0 &o- a&te-a,, the *o+t (*.o-tant .1-.o+e that 'an /e +e-)ed /% a .-og-a**e o& th(+ $(nd (+ to.-o)(de &-e+h e3a*(nat(on o& e+ta/,(+hed wa%+ o& th(n$(ng2

MANAGEMENT

I +ho1,d ,($e to 'o**en'e /% /-(e&,% d(+'1++(ng the *ean(ng o& *anage*ent2 The-e a-e.e-ha.+ a+ *an% &o-*1,at(on+ a+ the-e a-e w-(te-+ on the +1/4e't o& *anage*ent2Manage-+ .e-&o-* +e)e-a, &1n't(on+0 wh('h d(+t(ng1(+h the* &-o* othe- .eo.,e w(th.-o&e++(ona, t-a(n(ng +1'h a+ do'to-+0 ,aw%e-+ and eng(nee-+2

In )a-(o1+ deg-ee+ *anage-+ 1nde-ta$e -(+$+0 hand,e 1n'e-ta(nt(e+0 .,an0 'oo-d(nate0ad*(n(+te-0 d(-e't and ,ead2 Manage*ent (n th(+ /-oad +en+e (+ not 'on&(ned to .-()ateente-.-(+e2 It (+ a,+o e++ent(a, &o- the +1''e++&1, o.e-at(on o& go)e-n*ent de.a-t*ent+0*(,(ta-% 1n(t+ o- t-ade 1n(on+2 Fo- o1- .1-.o+e0 we +ee *anage*ent a+ the ad*(n(+t-at(onand 'ont-o, to a)o(d 'hao+2

MANAGEMENT THE SCIENCE

The .-(n'(.,e+ o& *anage*ent ha)e e)o,)ed /% the +'(ent(&(' .-o'e++ o& o/+e-)at(on0h%.othe+(+ )a,(dat(on and theo-% 8 *anage*ent 'an the-e&o-e0 /e a''e.ted a+ a$(n to theothe- /eha)(o-a, +'(en'e+2 The nat1-e o& *anage*ent0 .1-e *anage*ent0 a,tho1gh a+'(en'e0 a te'hn(71e0 need+ to /e /1tt-e++ed /% ,eade-+h(. 8 and ,eade-+h(. (+ a *(3t1-e o&a-t0 '-a&t and h1*an(t%2

LEADERSHIP A DEFINITION

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#o1 ha)e no do1/t hea-d the .h-a+e9:

That (+ not to +a% that *anage*ent (+ ,eade-+h(.0 &o- that wo1,d /e an o)e-+(*.,(&('at(on2

Let *e e3.-e++ th(+ (n anothe- wa%2 Manage*ent toda% (+ -e+.on+()e to a g-eat n1*/e- o&te'hn(71e+0 wh('h ta$e awa% *an% o& the ha;a-d+2 An e3a*.,e (+ wo-$:+t1d%2 The wo-+t*(+'a,'1,at(on+ (n the ,a%(ng down o& wage +'a,e+ 'an /e a)o(ded (& an% ana,%t('a, wo-$:+t1d% (+ 1nde-ta$en2 M1'h o& the g1e++wo-$ 'an /e ta$en o1t o& the e)o,1t(on o& a*a-$et(ng .o,('% (& *a-$et -e+ea-'h0 .-o.e-t% .,anned and (nte-.-eted (+ 1+ed to he,.'ha-t a 'o1-+e2 O- /1dget(ng2 Manage*ent (+ ,ea-n(ng *o-e and *o-e on ',ea-,% de&(ned+%+te*+ o& 'ont-o,+ 8 .-od1't(on0 +a,e+ and &(nan'(a, 8 (n o-de- to e,(*(nate the h(t o-*(++ at*o+.he-e (n wh('h *an% /1+(ne++e+ a-e 'ond1'ted2

Howe)e-0 nethe- wo-$:+t1d%0 no- *a-$et -e+ea-'h0 no- /1dgeta-% 'ont-o, (+ o& )a,1e (n(t+e,& (& the ,eade-+h(. e,e*ent (+ ,a'$(ng2 o-$:+t1d% *1+t /e 'a--(ed o1t (n a 'o:o.e-at()e0 -e'e.t()e at*o+.he-e6 *a-$et -e+ea-'h 'an on,% +1..,% &a't+ and (+ no+1/+t(t1te &o- d%na*(' *a-$et(ng6 /1dgeta-% 'ont-o,+ a-e wo-th,e++ (& tho+e who a-ee3.e'ted to wo-$ to the* a-e +e(;ed /% the(- )a,1e2 A ',(*ate *1+t /e '-eated wh('h (+-e'e.t()e to *anage*ent te'hn(71e+2

It (+0 howe)e-0 (*.o-tant not to 'on&1+e Manage*ent Te'hn(71e w(th the A-t o&Leade-+h(.2 The two a-e 'o*.,(*enta-% /1t the% a-e not the +a*e th(ng2 B1+(ne++te'hn(71e+ a-e /e(ng de)e,o.ed da(,%2 The ,eade-+h(. e,e*ent (+ 'on+tant2 It (+ an a't that(+ t(*e,e++2

How then 'an the two /e &1+ed to en+1-e the /e+t o& /oth wo-,d+< I& *anage*ent (+ a-(dw(tho1t ,eade-+h(. and ,eade-+h(. .1-.o+e,e++ w(th *anage*ent

I ho.e that th(+ (nten+()e %et h(gh,% .a-t('(.at()e .-og-a**e w(,, .-o)(de %o1 w(th the(n+(ght2

RA# FOLCARELLIMARCH @@

MANAGERS PREVENT CHAOS.

LEADERS INSPIRE CHANGE.

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LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

THE TO CREATIONSSTEPHEN COVE#

It+ a .-(n'(.,e that a,, th(ng+ a-e '-eated tw('e2 LEADERSHIP (+ the &(-+t '-eat(on2

Leade-+h(. (+ not *anage*ent0 *anage*ent (+ the +e'ond '-eat(on2 Manage*ent (+ the/otto* ,(ne &o'1+2 Leade-+h(. dea,+ w(th the to. ,(ne0 what do I want to a''o*.,(+h


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RIGHT AND LEFT BRAIN THIN!ING

S'(en'e ha+ .-o)ed that the h1*an /-a(n (+ d()(ded (nto two +(de+ RIGHT and LEFT2

The RIGHT +(de (+ the '-eat()e0 a-t(+t(' +(de o& the /-a(n0 1n&o-t1nate,% the +(de+ we 1+ethe ,ea+t2 The LEFT +(de (+ the ,og('a, ana,%t('a, +(de2 Mo+t o& o1- ed1'at(on and wo-$e3.e-(en'e+ ha)e ta1ght 1+e on,% the LEFT +(de2

E&&('(ent *anage*ent w(tho1te&&e't()e ,eade-+h(. (+ ,($e+t-a(ghten(ng the 'ha(- a+ the T(tan('(+ +(n$(ng

RIGHT LEFT

C-eat()e Log('a,A-t(+t('Ana,%t('a,

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Leade-+h(. the ART andManage*ent the SCIENCE

#o1 a-e ,o+t (n the 5a*/e;( )a,,e%2#o1 &(nd an e*.t% Co'a:Co,a /ott,e2

L(+t /e,ow the th(ng+ %o1 'o1,d 1+e (t &o-

2 2

@2 @2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

J2 J2

K2 K2

2 22 @2

BEGIN #ITH THE END IN MIND

(STEPHEN R. COVEY)

=Beg(n w(th the end (n *(nd> (+ /a+ed on the .-(n'(.,e o& two '-eat(on+2 The *enta, o-&(-+t '-eat(on and the .h%+('a, o- +e'ond '-eat(on2

The +$(,,ed 'a-.ente- ha+ a ta,e 8

MANAGE FROM THE LEFT

LEAD FROM THE RIGHT

SHORT GROUP E$ERCISE

%

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#o1 ha)e to *a$e +1-e that the .,an o- the /,1e.-(nt0 the &(-+t '-eat(on0 (+ -ea,,% what %o1want2

In /1+(ne++ th(n$ th-o1gh what %o1 want ,eade-+h(. PRODUCT 8 TARGET MARET8 FINANCE 8 RESEARCH 8 PRODUCTION 8 PERSONNEL2

Mo+t /1+(ne++ &a(,1-e+ /eg(n (n the &(-+t '-eat(on0 1nde-'a.(ta,(+at(on0 *(+:1nde-+tand the

*a-$et0 o- ,a'$ o& a /1+(ne++ .,an2

Manage-+ ,eade-+ 'an /e ',a++(&(ed (n two wa%+9

2 B% the(- ,e)e, (n the o-gan(+at(on

MEASURE TICE 8 CUT ONCE

MANAGERS PREVENTCHAOS

LEADERS INSPIRECHANGE

TYPES OF MANAGER

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@2 B% the(- &1n't(on and d1t(e+2

F(-+t L(ne Manage-+

S1.e-)(+o-+ and Fo-e*an2 The% do not +1.e-)(+e othe- *anage-+0 the% d(-e't o.e-at(nge*.,o%ee+2

M(dd,e Manage-+

D(-e't O.e-at(on+ and (*.,e*ent +t-ateg(e+2D(-e't the a't()(t(e+ o& S1.e-)(+o-+ and +o*et(*e+ o.e-at(ng e*.,o%ee+2

To. Manage-+

A +*a,, g-o1. o& to. e3e'1t()e+2Re+.on+(/,e &o- the o)e-a,, *anage*ent o& the o-gan(+at(on2

F1n't(ona, Manage-+

Re+.on+(/,e &o- e)e-% one o-gan(+at(ona, a't()(t(e+0 .-od1't(on0 &(nan'e0 .e-+onne,0 et'2

Gene-a, Manage-+

O)e-+ee+ a 'o*.,e3 1n(t0 'o*.an% o- +1/+(d(a-%0 o- an (nde.endent o.e-at(ng d()(+(on2

LINE AND STAFF A DEFINITION

L(ne andstaffo-(g(nate a+ *(,(ta-% te-*+ and we-e ado.ted /% /1+(ne++ and othe-o-gan(+at(on+2 So*e 1n&o-t1nate 'on&1+(on ha+ -e+1,ted2

'A


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THE DREAM 8 VISION 8 DIRECTION

PATTERN RECOGNITIONRe,at(on+h(. /etween e)ent+ : /-(ng o-de-

MANAGEMENT OF MEANING

PERSERVERANCE

NETOR BUILDING

EMPOERMENT

ENACTMENT

THE FUNCTIONS OF LEADERSHIP

PART 2

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OBECTIVE

At the end o& th(+ Pa-t0 .a-t('(.ant+ w(,, /e a/,e to e3.,a(n the &1n't(on+ o& ,eade-+h(.2

INTRODUCTION

A,tho1gh we +ha,, not /e dea,(ng (n de.th w(th the +1/4e't o& Leade-+h(. 1nt(, ,ate- (n the.-og-a**e0 the &1n't(on+ o& ,eade-+h(. a-e ',o+e,% ,(n$ed to what a *anage- doe+2 e*1+t the-e&o-e (nt-od1'e ,eade-+h(. at th(+ ea-,% +tage and dea, w(th (t (n de.th ,ate-2

GROUP OR

In %o1- g-o1.+0 d(+'1++ ,eade-+h(. and +e,e't a .e-+on %o1 'on+(de- (+ o- wa+ agoode&&e't()e ,eade-2 Th(+ *1+t /e a g-o1. de'(+(on2

OUR SELECTION

Ha)(ng *ade %o1- 'ho('e o& ,eade-0 d(+'1++ and ag-ee on th-ee 'ha-a'te-(+t('+ that'ont-(/1ted to h(+he- e&&e't()e ,eade-+h(.2

2

@2

2

F(na,,%0 'o**ent on the +tate*ent9

=he (+ /o-n a ,eade->

Th(+ doe+ not -e&e- to the ,eade- %o1 -e'e()ed2 a gene-a, d(+'1++(on2 NATURE OR

NURTURE< I+ a ,eade- /o-n o- (+ he+he a 'h(,d o& the en)(-on*ent2

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DISCUSSION NOTES

Be&o-e 'on+(de-(ng how (*.-o)e*ent+ 'an /e *ade0 (t (+ wo-thwh(,e to e3a*(ne +o*e*(+'on'e.t(on+ a/o1t ,eade-+h(.2 I +ho1,d ,($e to g()e %o1 an e3a*.,e /% 71ot(ng a.a-ag-a.h &-o* 5(*/a/we+ ,ead(ng *anage*ent 4o1-na,2

The a++1*.t(on 71oted a/o)e -e&,e't+ one +(de o& the 'o(n0 th(+ (+ the =71a,(t(e+>a..-oa'h0 that ,eade-+ a-e /oth w(th (nhe-ent 71a,(t(e+ that 71a,(&% the* to ,ead6 &o-e3a*.,e0 'o1-age0 (nte,,(gen'e0 (nteg-(t%2 G-eat ,eade-+ o& the .a+t ha)e /een ana,%+ed to+ee what 71a,(t(e+ the% d(+.,a%ed and ,(+t+ o& de+(-a/,e 71a,(t(e+ we-e d-awn 1. on the/a+(+ o& the+e ana,%+e+

Un&o-t1nate,%0 the 'on'e.t o& (nhe-ent 71a,(t(e+ .-e+ent+ .-o/,e*+ when we t-% to a..,% (t

to t-a(n(ng o& +e,&:de)e,o.*ent2

APPROACHES TO LEADERSHIP

=MEMO FOR Manage*ent> 1ne J

N(ne to1'h+tone+ o& *anage*ent2

Good *anage*ent (+ no .1+ho)e- 8 (t (+ &o- -ea,0 dea,(ng w(th -ea, .eo.,eand -ea, th(ng+ and (+ not a ga*e o& Mono.o,%2

No/od% 'an /e t-a(ned (nto the 71a,(t(e+ o& ,eade-+h(. 8 e(the- he ha+ the*0o- he ha+ not>

T *+,-/ A,5

So*e -e+ea-'he-+ (nto th(+ a..-oa'h a++e*/,ed a,, the $nown ,(+t+ o&

,eade-+h(. that had /een *ade /% )a-(o1+ a1tho-(t(e+2 O)e- ,(+t+ we-e&o1nd0 /1t no two ag-eed2

Anothe- +nag (+ that we 'an -e'a,, +o*e )e-% e&&e't()e ,eade-+ who o/)(o1+,%,a'$ed +o*e o& the *o-e w(de,% a''e.ted 71a,(t(e+6 d(d H(t,e- ha)e (nteg-(t%0d(d Ch1-'h(, ha)e ta't< hen we 'on+(de- +1'h *en a+ Na.o,eon and O,()e-C-o*we,,0 o- +1'h wo*en a+ !1een E,(;a/eth and M-+ Pan$h1-+t0 (t /e'o*e+a/+1-d to +a% that a ,eade- +ho1,d /e we,, /a,an'ed0 .o++e++ a +en+e o& h1*o1-0o- a +en+e o& 41+t('e2 So*e o& the *o-e +1''e++&1, ,eade-+ (n h(+to-% ha)e /eenne1-ot('0 e.(,e.t('0 h1*o1-,e++0 na--ow:*(nded o- 1n41+t2 The-e ha)e /een-e,(g(o1+ ,eade-+ w(th a .atho,og('a, +en+e o& g1(,t0 .o,(t('a, ,eade-+ w(th

de,1+(on+ o& o*n(.oten'e and *(,(ta-% ,eade-+ w(th de,1+(on+ o& .e-+e'1t(on2Fo-d and Ca-neg(e we-e /% no *ean+ .a-agon+ o& )(-t1e o- no-*a,(t%

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I& we 'o1,d &(nd a .e-+on w(th the 71a,(t(e+ o&ten -e&e--ed to a+ =,eade-+h(. 71a,(t(e+ hewo1,d /e o& no 1+e a+ a 41n(o- ,eade- (n (nd1+t-%0 &o- he wo1,d (ne)(ta/,% /e (n de*ande,+ewhe-e a+ an a-'hange,2

The 71a,(t(e+ a..-oa'h0 the-e&o-e0 doe+ not g()e an ade71ate e3.,anat(on o& ,eade-+h(.2Howe)e-0 the-e *1+t /e an e,e*ent o& t-1th (n the a..-oa'h2

P-o/a/,%0 .eo.,e w(th 'e-ta(n 71a,(t(e+ ha)e a =+ta-t(ng .o(nt> &o- ,eade-+h(.0 .-o)(dedthat the% -e'ogn(+e the(- a++et+ and de)e,o. and 1+e the*2 Pe-+ona, 71a,(t(e+ 'o1,d /e a/a+(+ &o- +e,e't(on &o- t-a(n(ng2

The -e)e-+e +(de o& the 'o(n (+ the =+(t1at(ona,> a..-oa'h to ,eade-+h(.2 Th(+ +1gge+t+ thatthe +$(,, -e71(-ed to dea, w(th a +(t1at(on wo1,d de'(de who wo1,d /e the ,eade-2 It (+ /e+t

Aga(n0 we a-e a,, awa-e o& (nd()(d1a,+ who a..a-ent,% ha)e *an%de+(-a/,e 71a,(t(e+0 %et a-e 71(te (n'a.a/,e o& ,ead(ng an%one2 I++o*eth(ng e,+e -e71(-eda..-oa'h o& ,eade-+h(.2

(th the o-gan(+at(on o& the th-ee a-ea+ o& need0 (t 'an /e +een that an% a't(on ta$en /%an% *e*/e- o& the g-o1. to +at(+&% an% o& the+e need+ (+ a ,eade-+h(. a't(on 8 a,eade-+h(. &1n't(on2 e 'an0 the-e&o-e0 +ee what the 4o/ o& a ,eade- enta(,+2 F(-+t the,eade- ha+ got to /e awa-e o& the ta+$ need+0 g-o1. need+0 and (nd()(d1a, need+ o& h(+g-o1. (n the(- .a-t('1,a- +(t1at(on2

Se'ond,%0 he ha+ got to .e-&o-* &1n't(on+0 wh('h *a% /e tho1ght .-o'e++ed0'o**1n('at(on+ o- a't(on+0 to +at(+&% the need+ o& h(+ g-o1.0 and th(-d,%0 he *1+t /eawa-e o& the need+ and to .e-&o-* the ne'e++a-% &1n't(on+ he ha+ to ha)e 'e-ta(n$now,edge0 +$(,, and att(t1de+2 F-o* th(+ 'o*e+ the 'on'e.t o& &1n't(ona, ,eade-+h(.2

A,tho1gh the th-ee a-ea+ o& need a-e d(+t(n't0 the% a-e not (+o,ated6 the% o)e-,a.2 Need+ (none a-ea *a% ha)e +(de e&&e't+ (n othe- a-ea+6 &1n't(on+ a(*ed at one a-ea o& need *a%ha)e e&&e't+ a,+o (n othe- a-ea+2 Fo- e3a*.,e0 (& an (nd()(d1a, (+ d(++at(+&(ed0 the tea* w(,,

e a,, $now e3.e-t+0 w(th h(gh te'hn('a, +$(,,+0 who a-e (n'a.a/,e o&,ead(ng an%one2

Ta+$+ a-e -a-e,% (+o,ated2 The-e a-e o&ten 'on&,('t(ng .-(o-(t(e+2 Fo-e3a*.,e0 the +h(.w-e'$ed .a-t% *(ght want to /1(,d +he,te-0 /1(,d a /oatand g-ow &ood a,, at the +a*e t(*e2 who then wo1,d /e the ,eade-0 whe-ea+ .-e)(o1+ a..-oa'he+ t-(ed 1n+1''e++&1,,%0 to de&(ne whata ,eade- =IS>2 It ,oo$+ at the (nte-a't(on o& the ,eade-0 the g-o1.0 the(- +(t1at(on and the(-en)(-on*ent2 The e++en'e o& the a..-oa'h (+ that an e&&e't()e ,eade-9

Be'a1+e the a..-oa'h .-o)(de+ an e3.,anat(on o& ,eade-+h(.0 (t a,+o .-o)(de+ an ana,%t('a,*ethod /% wh('h a ,eade- 'an de)e,o. h(+ ,eade-+h(. and .e-&o-* h(+ 4o/ a+ a ,eade-2 Itena/,e+ the (nd()(d1a, to o/+e-)e and ana,%+e0 (n h(*+e,& and othe-+0 the -ea+on &o-+1''e++ o- &a(,1-e (n ,eade-+h(.2 B% th(+ (t *ean+ he 'an /1(,d 1. h(+ e3.e-(en'e o&,eade-+h(. *o-e 71('$,% on a -at(ona, /a+(+2

The a..-oa'h 'an a,+o /e 1+ed /% a ,eade- who (+ a..-oa'h(ng o- .e-&o-*(ng a ta+$2 He'an a+$0 =what a-e the need+ E)e-% ,eade- (n add(t(on to 'o**and(ng h(+ own g-o1. (+a,+o a *e*/e- and +1/o-d(nate (n the ne3t h(ghe- g-o1.2 He 'an a+$ h(*+e,& =what a-ethe need+ o& th(+ h(ghe- g-o1. and how 'an we 'ont-(/1te to (t B% the+e *ean+ he 'anen+1-e that he and h(+ g-o1. a-e not wo-$(ng (n a wate-t(ght 'o*.a-t*ent2

Be'a1+e the a..-oa'h (+ ana,%t('a,0 the +$(,,ed ,eade- ,oo$+ at th(ng+ that go w-ong w(thh(+ g-o1. (n the wa% that a do'to- ,oo$+ at +%*.to*+ (n a .at(ent2 The ,eade- doe+ not 41+tt-eat +%*.to*+ /1t ,oo$+ dee.e- &o- the 1nde-,%(ng 'a1+e+ 8 the 1n&(,,ed need+ 8 and.e-&o-*+ the &1n't(on+ ne'e++a-% to .1t the* -(ght2

The &1n't(ona, ,eade-+h(. a..-oa'h *a$e+ the a++1*.t(on that .eo.,e do not ha)e to /e/o-n ,eade-+6 that ,eade-+h(. 'an /e ,ea-nt and de)e,o.ed2 P-o)(ded that a .e-+on (+-ea+ona/,% (nte,,(gent and ha+ an awa-ene++ o& what (+ go(ng on a-o1nd h(*0 h(+ a/(,(t% to,ead 'an /e (*.-o)ed 'on+(de-a/,% /% o/+e-)at(on0 ana,%+(+0 ,ea-n(ng and .-a't('e2

The th-ee a-ea+ o& need 'an /e -e'ogn(+ed (n an% ,eade-+h(. +(t1at(on0 whethe- (t /e a+P-(*e M(n(+te-0 an (nd1+t-(a, *anage-0 a +ho. &o-e*an0 o- a-*% o&&('e- and the &1n't(on+.e-&o-*ed to *eet the+e +(t1at(on+ a-e /-oad,% 'on+tant2

I+ awa-e o& ta+$ need+ and (nd()(d1a, need+ o& the g-o1.6

Ha+ the $now,edge0 +$(,, and att(t1de+ to *eet tho+e need+ (na''o-dan'e w(th the .-(o-(t(e+ o& the +(t1at(on2

1"


20/92

Howe)e- ea'h d(&&e-ent t%.e o& ,eade- -e71(-e+ d(&&e-ent $now,edge0 +$(,,+ and att(t1de+ to*eet h(+ .a-t('1,a- g-o1.+ need+2 B% (dent(&%(ng the .a-t('1,a- $now,edge0 +$(,, andatt(t1de+ -e71(-ed to .e-&o-* ea'h &1n't(on0 (t (+ .o++(/,e to d-aw 1. a 4o/ ana,%+(+ &o- a,eade- (n a .a-t('1,a- o-gan(+at(on a+ a /a+(+ &o- t-a(n(ng2 B% the +a*e *ethod0 he.-a't(+(ng ,eade- 'an (dent(&% an% ga.+ (n h(+ own a/(,(t% and 'an then do +o*eth(ng to

-e't(&% the* /% .-()ate +t1d% o- /% +ee$(ng the ne'e++a-% t-a(n(ng and e3.e-(en'e2

AREA OF INTERDEPENDENCE

TEAM LEADERSHIP

TAS

De&(ne ta+$P,anA,,o'ate wo-$ and-e+o1-'e+Che'$ .e-&o-*an'eCont-o, : ad41+t

INDIVIDUALAttend to .e-+ona,need+P-a(+e

Re'ogn(+eTa,entT-a(n

TEAM

Set Standa-d+D(+'(.,(neMot()ate

Co**1n('ateT-a(n

VIDEO PRESENTATION

EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP

DISCUSSION NOTES

1%


21/92

ACTION CENTRED LEADERSHIP

TAS

THE TEAM

THE INDIVIDUAL

GROUP E"ERCISE

Con+(de- +o*e o& the th(ng+ %o1 do ea'h da%2 Fo- e3a*.,e o-gan(+(ng wo-$ o- /1dget(ng

L(+t the a't()(t(e+ %o1 (dent(&% /e,ow9

1&


22/92

GROUP DISCUSSION

Ma4o- F1n't(on+ Ident(&(ed S1/:F1n't(on+ Ident(&(ed

THE E$TERNAL ENVIRONMENT

P-,6669

M,6,9 + -95 ,68

:/8 / /6; /+9

9,- ,68 ,5/6

O9,669

M,6,9 ,,69 ,68

,--5,/

9,6,/6 9,-

1'


23/92

T 8,- ?+65 :,6,9:6/ ,5/>/

T ,-/7 :,6,9:6/ ,5/>/

THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

INTRODUCTION

A .-o'e++ (+ a +%+te*at(' wa% o& do(ng th(ng+2 A,, *anage-+0 -ega-d,e++ o& the(- .a-t('1,a-a.t(t1de+ o- +$(,,+ engage (n 'e-ta(n (nte--e,ated a't()(t(e+ (n o-de- to a'h(e)e the(- goa,+2

PLANNING

Lead(ng

M,6,9 85/= 6-+65=

,68 :/>,/ :-7 /

: 6/,- /,;

C6/--69

M,6,9 :,; + ,6

9,6,/6 :>69

20


24/92

Th(n$ th-o1gh goa,+ and a't(on+ (n ad)an'e2 P,an+ g()e an o-gan(+at(on o/4e't()e+ and +et1. the /e+t .-og-a**e and .-o'ed1-e &o- -ea'h(ng the*2 P,ann(ng (n)o,)e+ ,ong and+ho-t:te-* .,an+0 &o-e'a+t(ng0 /1dget(ng0 .o,('(e+0 .-o'ed1-e+ and .-og-a**e+2

ORGANISING

The .-o'e++ o& a--ang(ng and a,,o'at(ng wo-$0 a1tho-(t% de,egat(on and -e+o1-'e+2D(&&e-en'e goa,+ o& 'o1-+e w(,, de*and d(&&e-ent o-gan(+at(ona, +t-1't1-e+2

LEADING

In)o,)e+ d(-e't(ng0 (n&,1en'(ng and *ot()at(ng e*.,o%ee+2 o-$(ng w(th .eo.,e0+e,e't(on o& +ta&&0 'o**1n('at(ng2

CONTROLLING

The *anage- *1+t *a$e +1-e the a't(on+ ,ead towa-d+ +tated goa,+2 E+ta/,(+h +tanda-d+2Mea+1-e .e-&o-*an'e2 Co*.a-e .e-&o-*an'e w(th +tanda-d and ta$e 'o--e't()e a't(onwhe-e ne'e++a-%2

THE PROCESS IN PRACTICE

Standa-d+ a-e 1+ed to 'ont-o, /1t +ett(ng +tanda-d+ (+ a .a-t o& .,ann(ng and an (nteg-a,.a-t o& *ot()at(ng and ,ead(ng2 Ta$(ng 'o--e't()e a't(on o&ten *ean+ ad41+t(ng .,an+2 The&1n't(on+ o& *anage*ent PLANNING0 ORGANISING0 LEADING andCONTROLLING a-e not &o1- +e.a-ate a't()(t(e+ /1t a g-o1. o& (nte-a't()e &1n't(on+2

THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

The *anage*ent &1n't(on+ o& PLANNING0 ORGANISING0 LEADING andCONTROLLING a-e 'on+(de-ed 'ent-a, to the e&&e't()e *anage*ent o& /1+(ne++o-gan(+at(on+2

h(,e the+e &1n't(on+ a-e (nte--e,ated0 at an% one t(*e0 one o- *o-e *a% /e o& .-(*a-%(*.o-tan'e2

S$(,,+ o& a Manage-

It (+ gene-a,,% ag-eed that at ,ea+t th-ee a-ea+ o& +$(,, a-e ne'e++a-% &o- 'a--%(ng o1t the.-o'e++ o& *anage*ent2

TECHNICAL SILL

HUMAN SILL

CONCEPTUAL SILL

21


25/92

The a..-o.-(ate *(3 o& the+e +$(,,+ )a-(e+ a+ an (nd()(d1a, ad)an'e+ (n *anage*ent &-o*+1.e-)(+o-% to +en(o- *anage*ent .o+(t(on+2

Te'hn('a, S$(,,+

A/(,(t% to 1+e $now,edge0 *ethod+0 te'hn(71e+0 and e71(.*ent &o- the .e-&o-*an'e o&+.e'(&(' ta+$+2 A'71(-ed &-o* e3.e-(en'e0 ed1'at(on and t-a(n(ng2

H1*an S$(,,+

A/(,(t% and 41dge*ent (n wo-$(ng w(th and th-o1gh .eo.,e *ot()at(on and e&&e't()e,eade-+h(.2

Con'e.t1a, +$(,,+

A/(,(t% to 1nde-+tand the 'o*.,e3(t(e+ o& /1+(ne++ o-gan(+at(on+2 To a't a''o-d(ng too/4e't()e+ o& the tota, o-gan(+at(on -athe- than on the goa,+ o& (nd()(d1a, g-o1.+2

SILLS NEEDED

TOPManage*ent

CONCEPTUAL

MIDDLEManage*ent

HUMAN

SUPERVISOR#Manage*ent TECHNICAL

Manage*ent +$(,,+ ne'e++a-% at )a-(o1+ ,e)e,+ o& an o-gan(+at(on

VIDEO CASE STUDY

MANAGEMENT AT #OR!

GROUP DISCUSSION

22


26/92

On'e %o1 ha)e )(ewed the )(deo0 d(+'1++ the *a(n a-ea+ o& (nte-e+t to %o1- g-o1. and the$e% ,e++on+ %o1 *a% ha)e ,ea-nt

PLANNING

ORGANISING

LEADING

CONTROLLING

GROUP DISCUSSION

THE FUNCTIONS OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP

B1+(ne++ ,eade-+ .e-&o-* /oth *anage*ent and te'hn('a, wo-$2

Leade-+h(. wo-$ (n',1de+9

P-,6669 the wo-$ a ,eade- .e-&o-*+ to .-edete-*(ne a 'o1-+e o& a't(on

23


27/92

O9,669 the wo-$ a ,eade- .e-&o-*+ to a--ange and -e,ate the wo-$ to /edone +o (t 'an /e .e-&o-*ed e&&e't()e,% /% .eo.,e

L,869 the wo-$ ,eade- .e-&o-*+ to (n&,1en'e .eo.,e to ta$e e&&e't()e a't(on

C6/--69 the wo-$ a ,eade- .e-&o-*+ to a++e++ and -eg1,ate wo-$ (n .-og-e++and to a++e++ the -e+1,t+ +e'1-ed2

DIRECTIONS

III. L,@- ,:-


28/92

/2 a-en S*(th ha+ ,ea-ned o& a &o-th'o*(ng 'hange that w(,, ha)e a d(-e't e&&e't on+e)en o& the .eo.,e +he *anage+2 She 'a,,+ the togethe- ad te,,+ the* o& the 'hangeand (t+ (*.,('at(on+2

The &1n't(on (,,1+t-ated /% th(+ e3a*.,e (+

'2 e--% Co-w(n ha+ .-e.a-ed an o/4e't()e that he want+ to a''o*.,(+h (n da%+2 He.-e.a-e+ a ,(+t o& a't(on +te.+ &o- *eet(ng the o/4e't()e and a t(*e +e71en'e &o-'a--%(ng the* o1t2


d2 Da)e Me+a ana,%+e+ the wo-$ '1--ent,% /e(ng .e-&o-*ed (n h(+ 1n(t and0 /a+ed on

h(+ ana,%+(+0 de,egate+ a .o-t(on o& the wo-$ to +e)e-a, o& the .eo.,e -e.o-t(ng toh(*2


PROGRESS CHEC!

S+99/8 6

I. (2)

(3)

(1)

2


29/92

II. ,. P65- T565,- P/7

@. P65- M,6,9:6/ R+-/

5. P65- O9,669 L>-

III. ,. 56/--69

@. -,869

5. -,6669

8. 9,669

P9 C5; R,869

DIRECTIONS

1. #> >88 / --,+ L,8 ,5/>/ /=


30/92

a2 Fo-e'a+t(ng e2 B1dget(ng

/2 De)e,o.(ng O/4e't()e+ &2 De)e,o.(ng Po,('(e+

'2 P-og-a**(ng g2 De)e,o.(ng P-o'ed1-e+

d2 S'hed1,(ng

2 A *anage- e+ta/,(+he+ a t(*e &-a*e w(th(n wh('h 'e-ta(n wo-$ *1+t /e a ***a''o*.,(+hed

@2 A *anage- +t1d(e+ a .a-t('1,a- -e.o-t(ng .-o'e++ and a--()e+ at a +tanda-d(;ed and///*o-e e&&('(ent -e.o-t(ng +%+te*2

2 A *anage- -e)(ew+ go)e-n*ent +t1d(e+ +how(ng .o.1,at(on *o)e*ent and***.-o4e't+ a &()e:%ea- g-owth .atte-n &o- h(+ *a-$et(ng a-ea2

2 A Manage- +t1d(e+ +e)e-a, a't(on +te.+ and w-(te+ down the 'o+t o& .e-&o-*(ng***ea'h2

2 A *anage- de)e,o.+ the o-gan(+at(on:w(de &-a*ewo-$ /% wh('h the g-ant(ng o&***)a'at(on t(*e w(,, /e go)e-ned2

2 A *anage- ,(+t+ the a't(on +te.+0 (n +e71en'e0 ne'e++a-% to a''o*.,(+h a de+(-ed***-e+1,t2

J2 A *anage- *a$e+ a .-e'(+e +tate*ent o& a -e+1,t he need+ to a''o*.,(+h2

T A5/>/ O9,669

a2 De)e,o.(ng O-gan(;at(on St-1't1-e

/2 De)e,o.(ng

'2 De)e,o.(ng Re,at(on+h(.+

2 A *anage- g()e+ a +1/o-d(nate a +(gn(&('ant .o-t(on o& wo-$ he .-e)(o1+,%***.e-&o-*ed h(*+e,&2

@2 A *anage- /-(ng+ togethe- a 'ont-o,,e- and a +a,e+ *anage- to d(+'1++ a***/-ea$down (n 'oo.e-at(on /etween the(- -e+.e't()e 1n(t+

2 A *anage- -ea,(gn+ the .e-+onne, (n he- 1n(t to /ette- -e&,e't the wo-$ /e(ng***.e-&o-*ed

2%


31/92

T A5/>/ L,869

a2 De'(+(on Ma$(ng d2 Se,e't(ng .eo.,e

/2 Co**1n('at(ng e2 De)e,o.(ng Peo.,e

'2 Mot()at(ng

2 A *anage- .-o)(de+ Pe-+onne, w(th deta(,ed 4o/ +.e'(&('at(on+ &o- a new***.o+(t(on

@2 A *anage- &o,,ow+ a ,og('a,0 +te. /% +te. a..-oa'h to e)a,1ate a .-o/,e* he***&a'e+2

2 A *anage- -otate+ a t-a(nee th-o1gh +e)e-a, .o+(t(on+ to .-o)(de a /-oad***e3.o+1-e to the o.e-at(on+ o& the 1n(t2

2 A *anage- g()e+ a +1/o-d(nate .1/,(' -e'ogn(t(on &o- the 'o*.,et(on o& a***.a-t('1,a-,% d(&&('1,t .-o4e't2

2 A *anage- -ea,(;e+ that a't(on he .,an+ to ta$e w(,, a&&e't the o.e-at(on+ o& two***othe- 1n(t+ and (n&o-*+ the *anage-+ o& tho+e 1n(t+ o& h(+ (ntent(on+2

T A5/>/ C6/--69

a2 de)e,o.(ng Pe-&o-*an'e Standa-d+

/2 Mea+1-(ng Pe-&o-*an'e

'2 E)a,1at(ng Pe-&o-*an'e

d2 Co--e't(ng Pe-&o-*an'e

2 A *anage-0 (n 'oo.e-at(on w(th a +1/o-d(nate0 ,(+t+ the '-(te-(a /% wh('h he w(,,***41dge the wo-$ o& that +1/o-d(nate2

2&


32/92

@2 A *anage- de)e,o.+ and (*.,e*ent+ a +%+te* o& wee$,% de.o+(t -e.o-t+2

2 A *anage-0 &a'ed w(th a -a.(d de',(ne (n the 71a,(t% o& wo-$ /e(ng done (n h(+***1n(t0 *eet+ +e)e-a, +1/o-d(nate+ to -e)(ew the 'ond(t(on+ o/+t-1't(ng 1n(t***.e-&o-*an'e2

2 A *anage- 'o*.a-e+ a't1a, .e-&o-*an'e aga(n+t .,anned .e-&o-*an'e and***dete-*(ne+ that he (+ +at(+&(ed w(th the -e+1,t+ a'h(e)ed2

PROGRESS CHEC!

S+99/8 6

P-,6669 A5/>/

2 S'hed1,(ng d

@2 De)e,o.(ng P-o'ed1-e+ g

2 Fo-e'a+t(ng a

2 B1dget(ng e

2'


33/92

2 De)e,o.(ng Po,('(e+ &

2 P-og-a**(ng '

J2 De)e,o.(ng O/4e't()e+ /

O9,669 A5/>/

2 De,egat(ng /

@2 De)e,o.(ng Re,at(on+h(.+ '

2 De)e,o.(ng O-gan(;at(on St-1't1-e a

L,869 A5/>/

2 Se,e't(ng Peo.,e d

@2 De'(+(on Ma$(ng a

2 De)e,o.(ng Peo.,e e

2 Mot()at(ng '

2 Co**1n('at(ng /

C6/--69 A5/>/

2 De)e,o.(ng Pe-&o-*an'e Standa-d+ a

@2 Mea+1-(ng Pe-&o-*an'e /

2 Co--e't(ng Pe-&o-*an'e d

2 E)a,1at(ng Pe-&o-*an'e '

30


34/92


35/92

LEADERSHIP AND DEVELOPMENT

To a g-eat e3tent0 e&&e't()e ,eade-+ a-e *ade not /o-n2 The% do tend to +ha-e the&o,,ow(ng th-ee 'ha-a'te-(+t('+9

Re*e*/e-0 no 'o1-+e o- te3t/oo$ 'an tea'h %o1 to /e an e&&e't()e ,eade-2 Howe)e-0&o-*a, +t1d% 'an e3.o+e %o1 to -e,e)ant (n&o-*at(on0 theo-(e+ and 'a+e +t1d(e+ /a+ed onthe wo-$ o& othe-+ e3.e-(en'e2 Th(+ +1..,e*ented /% .-a't('a, e3.e-(en'e w(,, he,. %o1to de)e,o. and +ta-t the 4o1-ne% towa-d+ /e(ng a *o-e e&&e't()e ,eade-2

The need to *anage

The% want to (n&,1en'e and a&&e't the .e-&o-*an'e o&othe-+

The need &o- .owe-

The% -e,% on +1.e-(o- $now,edge and +$(,, -athe- thanthe a1tho-(t% o& the(- .o+(t(on+

The 'a.a'(t% &o- e*.ath%

Unde-+tand and 'o.e w(th the o&ten 1ne3.-e++ede*ot(ona, -ea't(on+ o& othe-+2

DO YOU HAVE THESE CHARACTERISTICS

31


36/92


VIDEO CASE STUDY

FUNCTIONS

L

CHARACTERISTICS

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP

TAS

TEAM INDIVIDUAL

Low +o'(a, d(+tan'e

Lead /% e3a*.,e

MBA

Men &(-+t %o1 ,a+t

Integ-(t% 8 Hone+t%

Low .owe-

To,e-ate de)(an'%

F(-* /1t &a(-

Se,,(ng O/4e't()e+

B-(e&(ng

P,ann(ng

Cont-o,,(ng

In&o-*(ng

P-o/,e* So,)(ng

S1..o-t(ng

Re)(ew(ng

De,egat(ng

Re'-1(t(ng

A..-a(+a,

Mot()at(n

32


37/92

FUNCTIONAL LEADERSHIP REVISION

2

a+ the-e a ',ea- goa,2 Th(+ '-eate+o-gan(+at(ona, +t-1't1-e+ and +t%,e+ o& *anage*ent that a-e not -ea,,% a..-o.-(ate (n th(+

'hanged wo-,d2 Howe)e-0 (t (+ *% o.(n(on that the wo-$ &o-'e ,owe- .a(d wo-$e-+ +t(,,d(+.,a% *an% o& the '1,t1-a, 'ha-a'te-(+t('+ +1gge+ted /% Ho&+tede0 and we ha)e to*anage and ,ead .eo.,e a''o-d(ng,%2 It *atte-+ ,(tt,e what we th(n$ o& the '1,t1-e o& a.eo.,e *anage*ent *1+t to a ,a-ge deg-ee de-()e &-o* the '1,t1-e2

4%


52/92

In %o1- g-o1.+ .,ot 5(*/a/we0 USA and Eng,and on the " 8 # Cont(n11*2

A,+o .,ot Manage*ent G-o1. and o-$e- G-o1. (n 5(*/a/we2

INDIVIDUAL

Loo+e,% $n(t +o'(a, &-a*ewo-$N1',ea- &a*(,%Peo.,e ta$e 'a-e o& the*+e,)e+

COLLECTIVISM

T(ght,% $n(t +o'(a, &-a*ewo-$Re,at()e+0 ',an ,oo$ a&te- ea'h othe-E3tended &a*(,(e+

"?????????????? ?????222?????????????? ??????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22?? ???????????????? ?222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222???? ???????????????? ????????22????????? ????????????????? ????????22????????? ??????????222?????? ???????????????222???? ???22?????????????? ???????????????? ????22????????????? ??????222??????????? ???????????????? ?22???????????????? ????????????????? ?22#

SMALL PO#ER DISTANCE

St-()e &o- .owe- e71a,(;at(onDe*and &o- 41+t(&('at(on &o- (ne71(t(e+

LARGE PO#ER DISTANCE

H(e-a-'h('a, o-de-E)e-%one ha+ h(+ .,a'e0 no need &o-41+t(&('at(on

"?????????????? ?????222?????????????? ??????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22?? ???????????????? ?222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ??????????222???22??????? ????????????222???? ????????????????? ???????22?????????? ???????????????? ????????22????????? ??????????222????????? ???????????????? ???22?????????????? ???????????????? ????22????????????? ??????222??????????? ???????????????? ?22???????????????? ????????????????? ?22#

#EA! RIS! AVOIDANCE

P-a't('e *o-e than .-(n'(.,e+

De)(an'e *o-e to,e-atedP,1-a,(+*

STRONG RIS! AVOIDANCE

R(g(d 'ode+ o& /eha)(o1-

Into,e-an'e o& de)(an'%Un(ta-% a..-oa'h

"?????????????? ?????222?????????????? ??????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22?? ???????????????? ?222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222???? ???????????????? ????????22????????? ????????????????? ????????22????????? ??????????222?????? ????????????????? ?????22???????????? ???????????????? ??????22??????????? ????????222??????????? ???????????????? ?22???????????????? ???????????????? ??22#

MASCULINITY

A'h(e)e*enta++e-t()ene++Mate-(a, +1''e++

Ta+$ o-(entat(onHe-o(+*

FEMININITY

Re,at(on+h(. o-(entat(onMode+t%

Ca-(ng &o- the wea$Ca-(ng &o- the wea$!1a,(t% o& ,(&e

"????????????????? ??222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222?? ???????????????? ??????????22???????? ???????????????? ??????????22??????? ????????????222?????? ????????????????? ?????22???????????? ???????????????? ??????22??????????? ????????222????????? ???????????????? ???22?????????????? ???????????????? ????22?????????????? ?????222????????????? ???????????????22?? ????????????????? ???????????????22#

4%A


53/92

CHARACTERISTICS OF

AMERICAN AND APANESE ORGANISATIONS

A:5,6 O9,6,/6

S//: E:-7:6/

R,8 E>,-+,/6 ,68 P:/6S5,-8 C, P,/

E-5/ C6/- M5,6:

I68>8+,- D56 M,;69

I68>8+,- R6@-/7

S9:6/8 C656

,,6 O9,6,/6

L E:-7:6/

S-< E>,-+,/6 ,68 P:/6

N6S5,-8 C, P,/

I:-5/ C6/- M5,6:C--5/> D56 M,;69

C--5/> R6@-/7

H-/5 C656

4&


54/92

HIGH

CONSIDERATION

LO#

#INLOSE8 St-ong0 do*(nant0 ego 'ent-ed2 Co1-age o& *% 'on)('t(on+0 not'on+(de-ed o& %o1-+2

LOSE#IN8 H(gh 'on+(de-at(on0 ,ow 'o1-age2 Con+(de-ate o& %o1- 'on)('t(on+0 no'o1-age to e3.-e++ *% own2

#IN#IN8 H(gh 'o1-age and 'on+(de-at(on a-e e++ent(a, to ININ2 I 'an a't0 I'an ,(+ten0 (+ 'an 1nde-+tand0 I 'an 'o1-ageo1+,% 'on&-ont0 'on&(dent0'on+(de-ate0 e*.athet('2

VALUE DRIVEN LEADERSHIP

LOSE

#IN

#IN

#IN

LOSE

LOSE

#IN

LOSE

4'


55/92


Man% o& the .-o/,e*+ we &a'e (n (nd1+t-% toda% a-e /e'a1+e o& the d(&&e-(ng a++1*.t(on+*anage-+ ha)e a/o1t the(- +1/o-d(nate+2 Th(+ a&&e't+ the o-gan(+at(on+ the% de)e,o. andthe ,eade-+h(. +t%,e+ the% ado.t2

Do1g,a+ M'G-ego- (dent(&(ed two +et+ o& a++1*.t(on+2 He te-*ed the+e Theo-% " andTheo-% #2

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

PART 4

OBECTIVE

On 'o*.,et(ng th(+ .a-t0 %o1 +ho1,d /e a/,eto d(+'1++ the 1nde-,%(ng a++1*.t(on+ thatd('tate 'e-ta(n +t%,e+ o& *anage*ent2

INTRODUCTION

THEORY $ ASSUMPTIONS

Mo+t .eo.,e ha)e d(+,($e o& wo-$hat the% do (+ ,e++ (*.o-tant that what the% ea-n2Mo+t .eo.,e *1+t /e 'ont-o,,ed0 d(-e'ted0 .1n(+hed o-'oe-'ed to .1t &o-wa-d ade71ate e&&o-t2Mo+t .eo.,e a)o(d -e+.on+(/(,(t%2Peo.,e +ee$ +e'1-(t% a/o)e a,,2C-eat()(t% (+ na--ow,% d(+t-(/1ted2

0


56/92

M'G-ego-+ theo-% (+ .e-ha.+ /ette- (,,1+t-ated /% a 'ont(n11* -1nn(ng &-o* " to #2 I&the +(t1at(on de*and+0 one 'an -et1-n a,ong the 'ont(n11* &-o* # to "2

"????????????????? ??222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222?? ???????????????? ??????????22???????? ???????????????? ??????????22??????? ????????????222?????? ????????????????? ?????22???????????? ???????????????? ??????22??????????? ????????222????????? ????????????222?????? ?22???????????????? ????????????????? ?22???????????????? ???222????????????? ???????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22#

Manage-+ ho,d(ng Theo-% " a++1*.t(on+ w(,, 1+1a,,% de)e,o. o-gan(+at(on+ and the(-.e-+ona, ,eade-+h(. +t%,e+ a,ong t-ad(t(ona, ,(ne+2

Manage-+ ho,d(ng Theo-% # a++1*.t(on+ w(,, 1+1a,,% de)e,o. o-gan(+at(on+ a,ong*ode-n H1*an Re+o1-'e+ Mode, ,(ne+2

THEORY ASSUMPTIONS

Peo.,e want to wo-$ and &ee, 1+e&1,

Peo.,e +ee$ -e+.on+(/(,(t%Peo.,e w(,, d(+.,a% +e,&:d(+'(.,(ne and 'ont-o,2C-eat()(t% (+ w(de,% d(+t-(/1ted2Non:*ate-(a,(+t(' -ewa-d+ 'an *ot()ate2Peo.,e+ .otent(a, (+ on,% .a-t(a,,% 1t(,(;ed2

=I /e,(e)e that a Theo-% " *anage- w(,, /e 'o*.,ete,% ,(*(ted(n&,e3(/,e and ha)e a .-ed(+.o+(t(on to de)e,o. a1to'-at(' o-.ate-na,(+t(' +o,1t(on+2

Edga- H S'he(n

=I /e,(e)e that a Theo-% # *anage- /% )(-t1e o& h(+ *o-e -ea,(+t('a..-a(+a, o& h1*an nat1-e w(,, (n)o,)e e*.,o%ee+ a+ the ta+$ and+(t1at(on a,,ow>

Edga- H S'he(n

THEOR# "

H(gh +t-1't1-e ta,,Na--ow +.an+ o& 'ont-o,Downwa-d 'o**1n('at(onR1,e+ and Reg1,at(on+A1to'-at('Un(ta-%Mone% *ot()at(onCent-a,(+ed 'ont-o,

THEOR# #

F,at +t-1't1-e(de +.an+ o& 'ont-o,O*n(:'o**1n('at(onSe,&:'ont-o,De*o'-at('P,1-a,(+t('P+%'ho,og('a, P+%'ho,og('a,De'ent-a,(+ed

1


57/92

GROUP OR

In %o1- g-o1.+ d(+'1++ M'G-ego-+ Theo-% " and Theo-% # and ,(+t tho+e &o-'e+ that a-e.1+h(ng *anage*ent a,ong the 'ont(n11* &-o* " to # and tho+e &o-'e+ that a-e -e+(+t(ng'hange2

"????????????????? ??222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222?? ???????????????? ??????????22???????? ???????????????? ??????????22??????? ????????????222?????? ????????????????? ?????22???????????? ???????????????? ??????22??????????? ????????222????????? ????????????222?????? ?22???????????????? ????????????????? ?22???????????????? ???222????????????? ???????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22#

P1+h(ng Fo-'e+ Re+(+t(ng Fo-'e+

C1--ent .o+(t(on

D(+'1++(on Note+9

A CONTINUUM OF A LEADERS BEHAVIOUR

2

3


58/92

De)e,o.ed /% Tanne-n/a1* and S'h*(dt0 the Leade-+ Beha)(o1- Cont(n11* de.('t+ a/-oad -ange o& +t%,e+0 &-o* a1tho-(ta-(an Theo-% " to a de*o'-at(' Theo-% #2

" Q Manage*ent Powe- and In&,1en'e2

# Q Non 8 Manage- Powe- and In&,1en'e2

"????????????????? ??222???????????????? ????????????22????? ???????????????? ?????????????22????? ??????????????222?? ???????????????? ??????????22???????? ???????????????? ??????????22??????? ????????????222?????? ????????????????? ?????22???????????? ???????????????? ??????22??????????? ????????222????????? ????????????222?????? ?22???????????????? ????????????????? ?22???????????????? ???222????????????? ???????????????22??? ???????????????? ???????????????22#

TELLS SELLS CONSULTS SHARES DELEGATES

Ma$e+ de'(+(onAnno1n'e+ (t2

Ma$e+ de'(+(onE3.,a(n+ (t

Get++1gge+t(on+Ma$e+ the*Then de'(de+

De&(ne+L(*(t+Let+ g-o1.Ma$e de'(+(on

A,,ow++1/o-d(nate+to &1n't(onw(th(n de&(ned,(*(t+

TANNENBAUM SCHMIDT

HARVARD BUSINESS REVIE

USE OF AUTHORIT#B# MANAGER

AREA OF FREEDOMFOR SUBORDINATE

TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

4


59/92

INTRODUCTION

In th(+ /-(e& d(+'1++(on we 'annot 'o)e- T-an+a't(ona, Ana,%+(+ (n de.th2 e *a%howe)e- ,ea-n to 1nde-+tand /ette- the $(nd o& -e+.on+e o1- a't(on+ *a% e)o$e &-o*.eo.,e2

A,, .eo.,e ad1,t and 'h(,d ha)e th-ee .e-+ona,(t% 'ha-a'te-(+t('+9

The ego +tate+ ha)e noth(ng to do w(th 'h-ono,og('a, age0 on,% .+%'ho,og('a, age2 The+e+tate+ a-e a -e+1,t o& 'ond(t(on(ng th-o1gh ,(&e2

PARENT

hen a .e-+on (+ o.e-at(on &-o* a Pa-ent ego +tate he (+ .,a%(ng /a'$ o,d -e'o-d(ng+&-o* h(+ 'h(,dhood2

he-e d(d the &athe- ,ea-n to +a% that0 =(t+ good>0 =(t+ /ad>0 %o1 +ho1,dnt>2

The-e a-e two $(nd+ o& .a-ent ego +tate2

N1-t1-(ng Pa-ent

P6,-/7

P

P,6/

A

A8+-/

C

C-8

=+to. .,a%(ng w(th %o1- &ood>

N1-t1-(ng Pa-entC-(t('a, Pa-ent


60/92


61/92

INTRODUCTION

In g-ow(ng 1.0 .eo.,e th-o1gh the(- e3.e-(en'e+0 how the% a-e *anaged0 et'20 *a$e /a+('a++1*.t(on+ a/o1t the(- own +e,&:wo-th a+ we,, a+ a/o1t the wo-th o& othe- .eo.,e (n the(-en)(-on*ent2 L(&e .o+(t(on+ tend to /e do*(nant o- *o-e .e-*anent that ego +tate+2 Fo1-

.o++(/,e -e,at(on+h(.+ -e+1,t &-o* the+e ,(&e .o+(t(on+2

Ne(the- .e-+on ha+ )a,1e2 Fee, /ad a/o1t the*+e,)e+ and +ee the wo-,d a+ a *(+e-a/,e.,a'e2 U+1a,,% g()e:1.2 Cannot *eet 'ha,,enge+2 Dont t-1+t othe- .eo.,e and ha)e no+e,&:'on&(den'e2 Ine&&e't()e ,eade-+0 .oo- 'o**1n('ato-+2

U+1a,,% 'o*e &-o* the 'o*.,(ant ego +tate2The% &ee, that9Othe-+ a-e *o-e 'a.a/,e2 Othe-+ ha)e &ewe- .-o/,e*+2 The% a,wa%+ get the +ho-t end o&the +t('$2 H(gh de&e-en'e &o- a1tho-(t%0 %e+:*en2 I dont ha)e an% 'ont-o,2 Poo-'o**1n('ato-+0 (ne&&e't()e ,eade-+2

Th(+ 'o*e+ &-o* the '-(t('a, ego +tate2 The% -ega-d othe- .eo.,e a+ a +o1-'e o& '-(t('(+*2The% -e/e, &-o* a1tho-(t% &(g1-e+2 The% want to /e (nde.endent /1t a-e not +1-e how todo (t2 the% ha)e had 1n.,ea+ant ,(&e e3.e-(en'e+2 A &ew ;a.+ a,ong the wa%2 Dont wantto /e hone+t and +ha-e w(th othe-+ &o- &ea- o& /e(ng .1n(+hed2 L(+ten +to.+2 h(,e a't(ngw(th +e,&:'on&(den'e the% a-e -ea,,% h(d(ng =IM NOT O> &ee,(ng+2 Th(+ (+ e3.-e++ed (nthe(- need &o- .owe- and 'ont-o,2

THEY ARE JIM O! PEOPLEK

LIFE POSITION

IM NOT JO!K YOURE NOT JO!K

IM NOT JO!K YOURE JO!K

IM JO!K YOURE NOT JO!K

IM JO!K YOURE JO!K

%


62/92

Se,&:'on&(den'e0 t-1+t0 'on&(den'e (n othe-+2 Good 'o**1n('ato-+2 Beha)(o1- 'o*e+&-o* the(- Ad1,t0 N1-t1-(ng .a-ent and Ha..% Ch(,d ego +tate+2

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

e ha)e atte*.ted to .-o)(de %o1 w(th a &-a*ewo-$ &o- ana,%+(+ and 1nde-+tand(ng/eha)(o1-2

e 'an (+o,ate two .o,a- .o+(t(on+9

The 4o1-ne% &-o* " to # (+ not an ea+% one2 Ana,%+(+ and 1nde-+tand(ng a-e ne'e++a-%2S$(,,+ (n d(-e't(ng 'hang(ng and 'ont-o,,(ng /eha)(o1- a-e a,+o -e71(-ed2 Th(+ .-og-a**ea+ (t .-og-e++e+ *a% get 1+ on the -oad2

Theo-% " Do*(nat(on

O-gan(+at(on+ 1+1a,,% *anaged /% C-(t('a, Pa-ent*anage-+2 B1-ea1'-at('P%-a*(da,2 =IM O 8#OURE NOT O> .o+(t(on+2 S1/o-d(nate+.a++()e0 de.endent and 'h(,d,($e w(th =IM NOTO 8 #OURE NOT O> o- =IM NOT O 8#OURE O> &ee,(ng+2

Theo-% # Do*(nat(on

The =(dea,> o-gan(+at(on2 H1*ant(' andde*o'-at(' )a,1e+2 Managed /% .eo.,e w(th Ad1,t0Pa-ent0 Ha..% Ch(,d ego+2 =IM O 8 #OUREO> &ee,(ng+2 Ad1,t .-o/,e* +o,)(ng /eha)(o1-2E+tee*0 a&&(,(at(on a+ we,, a+ *one% *ot()at(on2F,at +t-1't1-e+2 Pa-t('(.at()e2


63/92

I #ONT

I CANT

IRRESPONSIBLE

CHILDISH

UPTIGHT

SHALLO#

REBELLIOUS

DISINTERESTED

EVADING

PROCRASTINATING

#ITHDRA#ING

RUNNING A#AY

NEEDING

TRYING HARD

HURRYING

PLEASING OTHERS

IM NOT O! YOURE O!

M@

&


64/92

FINDING FAULT

UDGING

CONTROLLING

CRUSADING

REVOLTING

#OR!ING HARD

IM THE BEST

INTERESTED

HELPFUL

OBECTIVE

CREATIVE

#INNER

CONSTRUCTIVE

CONFIDENT

RELA$ED

RESPONSIBLE

'


65/92

e ha)e /een d(+'1++(ng9

And O!AYNESS to g()e %o1 a /a+(' 1nde-+tand(ng o& h1*an .e-+ona,(t%2 Th(+1nde-+tand(ng (+ e++ent(a, to the +t1d% and ana,%+(+ o& the o-gan(+at(on o& /1+(ne++o-gan(+at(on+ and o-gan(+at(ona, /eha)(o1-2

ARYIL

IMMATURITY TO MATURITY (C A97:)

IMMATURITY CHARACTERISTICS MATURITY CHARACTERISTICS

Pa++()(t% A't()(t%de.enden'e Inde.enden'eFew wa%+ o& /eha)(ng D()e-+e /eha)(o1-Sha,,ow (nte-e+t+ Dee. (nte-e+t+Sho-t te-* .e-+.e't()e Long te-* .e-+.e't()eS1/o-d(nate .o+(t(on S1.e-o-d(nate .o+(t(onLa'$ o& +e,& 8awa-ene++ Se,&:awa-ene++ and 'ont-o,

THE PO#ER MOTIVE (A-8 A8-)

THE ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVE (D,>8 C. M5C---,68)

A LITTLE PSYCHOLOGY

ADULT

PARENT

CHILD

T -,6 / PO#ER 68= / 68 / :,6+-,/ / / 8>

+/7= A8- 8>-8 / 565/ INFERIORITY

COMPLE$ ,68 COMPENSATION.

#6 , -69 6/7 5:@68 69 /,; :8,/ ;.

N8 ::8,/ 8@,5;

S; ,55:-:6/

S; 5,--69 ,/ /,6 ,7

S6 , , -6.

O6-7 ,@+/ 10 / +-,/6 , 9 ,5>.

S--,65 ,68 686865 , 65+,98 ,/ ,6 ,-7 ,9.

T , /> -,/6 @/- ,5>:6/

:/>,/6 ,68 / ->- 56:5 8>-:6/ , 9>6 5/7.

"0

"1


66/92

THE AFFILIATION MOTIVE (S S5,5/)

THE STATUS MOTIVE (V,+)

THE SECURITY MOTIVE (M9,6 ,68 !69)

A-,/6 6 / #EST 6 , , 568,7 8>. I/ ,6 66/

+:,6 :/> ( ,, ). H+:,6 , 99,+.

S/69/A6/7 8+5/6

S5,- 5:,6

R8+5 -69 65+/7

M I S E R Y L O V E S C O M P A N Y

A-69 ,6/ / , 876,:5 5/7. M,6

, /,/+ ;. M,/,- 7:@-= 5-/= / 9/ 5,= / 9/

,88.

S/,/+ 8-,7 / -,/> ,6;69 6 -8 6 , 9+.

C+-/+ , , @9 :,5/ 6 /,/+.

T 68 5+/7 : / 8>- 6 5-88. T 5-8 +.

(D-9,/6) (P-,6669) (F8: 6)

"2


67/92

THE IMPACT OF SELFCONCEPT (H67 !6 : , 6 :,669+-6 ,68

56/657. S-565/ , ,6 5/ 6 @,>+.

A6 ,+//,,6 -,8 @,>+ ,-8 / , 6 +.

"2A


68/92

In %o1- g-o1. 'o**ent on the ,eade-+h(. 'ha-a'te-(+t('+ and *ethod+ 1+ed /% theLew(+ha* Manage-+ (n the V(deo9

Low So'(a, D(+tan'e9

Low Powe-

Co**1n('at(on

Mot()at(on

Re+.e't

(n the hea-t+ and *(nd+

Gene-a, Con',1+(on and Co**ent+


PART P & *arrer +ay,illside,-R-R./$ #$ "o 122

ele hone3

"3


69/92

The '1--en'% o& w(nne-+

Page Comms (Pvt.) Ltd. Action Centred Learning Systems

BUSINESS CONSULTANTS AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT SPECIALISTS

#INNING LEADERS

MOTIVATION AND OB SATISFACTION

"4


70/92

OBECTIVE

At the end o& th(+ *od1,e0 .a-t('(.ant+ w(,, /e a/,e to e3.,a(n and e)a,1ate the *a4o-theo-(e+ o& *ot()at(on2

INTRODUCTION

No o-gan(+at(on 'an +1''eed w(tho1t a 'e-ta(n ,e)e, o& 'o**(t*ent and e&&o-t &-o* (t+*e*/e-+2 Mot()at(on 8 the &a'to-+ that 'a1+e0 'hanne, and +1+ta(n an (nd()(d1a,+/eha)(o1-2

GROUP #OR!

D(+'1++ *ot()at(on and ,(+t what the *e*/e-+ o& %o1- g-o1. /e,(e)e *ot()ate+ the* atwo-$2

2 2

@2 2

2 2

AN INTRODUCTION TO MOTIVATION AT #OR!

N8

THE LA# OF EFFECT

A g-eat dea, o& %o1- e&&e't()ene++ a+ the tea* ,eade- w(,, de.end on %o1 *eet(ng thetea*+ need+ and the need+ o& the (nd()(d1a,+2

PART 3

Peo.,e ha)e *an% 'on+'(o1+0 'o*.,e3 and 'o*.et(ng need+2

Mo+t /eha)(o1- (+ 'on+'(o1+,% need d(-e't(on

Peo.,e ha)e a&&e'ted -ea't(on+ to the o1t'o*e+ the% o/ta(n a+ a -e+1,to& the(- /eha)(o1-2

STRENGTHEN THE INDIVIDUAL AND YOU

STRENGTHEN THE TEAM

"


71/92

A..,%(ng the Law o& E&&e't to the wo-$ +(t1at(on

The tea* *e*/e- ha+ an (nd()(d1a, need &o- -e'ogn(t(on2 Ha-d wo-$ (+ the -e+1,t(ng/eha)(o1- to ga(n -e'ogn(t(on and +at(+&% the need2

I& the .e-+on (+ -ewa-d /% .-o*ot(on then the '%',e 'ont(n1e+2 I& the /eha)(o1- (+(gno-ed o- .1n(+hed then the /eha)(o1- ha-d wo-$ w(,, de'-ea+e o- te-*(nate2

Re*e*/e-0 (& (gno-ed the need w(,, +t(,, /e the-e 8 the .e-+on w(,, t-% to +at(+&% the need(n othe- wa%+ and %o1 ,o+e the ene-g% and *ot()at(on at wo-$2DISCUSSION

STRENGTHEN THE TEAM AND YOU

STRENGTHEN THE TEAM MEMBER

NEEDRe'ogn(t(on

BEHAVIOURo-$ Ha-d

REARDP-o*ot(on

Beha)(o1- that (+ -ewa-ded tend+ to +t-engthen 8Beha)(o1- that (+ (gno-ed w(,, wea$en2

""


72/92

MOTIVATION

The ,aw o& e&&e't

2 Beha)(o1- that (+ -ewa-d w(,, tend to +t-engthen and -e.eat (t+e,&2

@2 Beha)(o1- that (+ .1n(+hed w(,, tend to wea$en o- 'ea+e2

The a/(,(t% to 1nde-+tand wh% .eo.,e /eha)e a+ the% doand the a/(,(t% to *ot()ate the* to /eha)e (n a +.e'(&('*anne- a-e two (nte--e,ated 71a,(t(e+0 wh('h a-e(*.o-tant to *anage-(a, e&&e't()ene++2 Fo-t1nate,%0 the%a-e 71a,(t(e+ that a *anage- 'an a'71(-e2

NEED

BEHAVIOUR

TO SATISF#NEED

REARD

PUNISHMENT

D(+'1++ the Law o& E&&e't (n %o1- g-o1.+

and g()e an e3a*.,e o& (t+ a..,('at(on9

In the Ho*e :At S'hoo, :At wo-$ :

"%


73/92

MASLOS NEED HIERARCH#

The need h(e-a-'h% +hown /e,ow wa+ )(ewed /% A/-aha* Ma+,ow a+ a..,%(ng to .eo.,e(n gene-a,2 Mo)(ng &-o* the ,owe+t to the h(ghe+t (t (+ de+'-(/ed a+ &o,,ow+9:

POSITIVE CONTRIBUTIONS OF MASLOS THEOR#

2 Sat(+&(ed need+ do not *ot()ate 8 we *1+t &o'1+ on '1--ent need+2

@2 e +ho1,d e3.e't a +h(&t (n need+ de.end(ng on gene-a, e'ono*(' 'ond(t(on+2

2 La-ge n1*/e-+ o& .eo.,e a-e (n'-ea+(ng de)e,o.(ng need+ at the +e,&:&1,&(,,*ent ,e)e,2So*e o& the+e e3.e'tat(on+ a-e (n a,, .-o/a/(,(t% '1--ent,% 1n-ea,(+t('2 The% *1+thowe)e- /e dea,t w(th (n +o*e wa%2 The e3.e'tat(on doe+ not 'ea+e *e-e,% /e'a1+e (t(+ o/4e't()e,% 1n-ea,(+t(' 2

Ph%+(o,og('a, Need+ 8 Food0 wate-0 -e+t0 et'2Sa&et% Need+ 8 .-ote't(on &-o* dange- and th-eat+2E'ono*(' and 4o/ +e'1-(t%2 In+1-an'e and .en+(on&1nd+2Be,ong(ng o- So'(a, Need+ : Need &o- a''e.tan'e /%the tea*0 a&&e't(on0 &-(end+h(. a&&(,(at(on need+E+tee* Need+ 8 Se,&:-e+.e't and the -e+.e't o& othe-+2Ba+ed on -ea, +e,& 'a.a'(t% and a'h(e)e*ent2Se,& A't1a,(;at(on 8 to do what one (+ /e+t +1(ted &o- to

a'h(e)e at one+ h(ghe+t .otent(a,2

TH

TH

RD@ND

ST

PH#SIOLOGICAL

SAFET#

BELONGING

ESTEEM

SELF ACTUALI5ATION

"&


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75/92

He-;/e-g+ two:&a'to- theo-% atte*.t+ to e3.,a(n that on,% the (nt-(n+(' *ot()ato-+ wh('h'o*e &-o* the 4o/ 'an t-1,% +at(+&%2

E3t-(n+(' h%g(ene &a'to-+ w(,, not +at(+&%0 the% w(,, on,% -ed1'e d(++at(+&a't(on and a-e

+ho-t te-* (n nat1-e2

THE TO FACTOR THEOR#

COMMENT

A'h(e)e*entRe'ogn(t(onRe+.on+(/(,(t%The wo-$ (t+e,&G-owth .o++(/(,(t(e+

Po,('% and ad*(n(+t-at(onS1.e-)(+(onStat1+Pa%o/ +e'1-(t%o-$(ng 'ond(t(on+

INTRINSIC

SATISFACTION NEUTRAL

E"TRINSIC

DISSATISFACTION NEUTRAL

Few theo-(e+ ha)e -e'e()ed a+ *1'h attent(on a+the @ 8 Fa'to- Theo-%2 The-e (+ +t(,, not'o*.,ete ag-ee*ent a/o1t (t+ )a,1e2

ALDERFERS E.R.G. THEORY

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76/92

A,de-&e-+ theo-% o)e-'o*e+ *an% o& the .-o/,e*+ a++o'(ated w(th Ma+,ow+ h(e-a-'h%2

The need+ a-e +een a+ /e(ng .,otted a,ong a 'ont(n11*2 Th(+ (nd('ate+ that two o- *o-e

need+ *a% /e do*(nant at an% one t(*e2 the 'ont(n11* a..-oa'h a,+o +1gge+t+ the wa% (nwh('h need+ a-e 'ont(n1a,,% 'hang(ng *o)(ng a,ong the 'ont(n11* and -eg-e++(ng2

NEEDS

V.

E.R.G T7

E

E"ISTENTIAL

R

RELATEDNESS

G

GROTH

IF E HOLD ONL# THEOR# " BELIEFSAND LO E"PECTATIONS ABOUT

PEOPLE0 E ILL USUALL# END UPITH LO PERFORMERS??????TO DEVELOP CHAMPIONS E NEED TODEVELOP HIGH E"PECTATIONS2

%1


77/92

,5/


78/92

The t%.e+ o& /eha)(o1- wh('h +how an e*.,o%ee what h(+ *anage-+ e3.e'tat(on+a't1a,,% a-e0 (n',1de9

C,(*ate9 : the at*o+.he-e the *anage- '-eate+ w(th the e*.,o%ee /% e%e 'onta't0&a'(a, e3.-e++(on0 /od% ,ang1age0 tone o& )o('e0 et'2

Feed/a'$9 : the a*o1nt and t%.e o& (n&o-*at(on the *anage- g()e+ the e*.,o%eeon the e*.,o%ee+ .e-&o-*an'e2 I+ h(+ '-(t('(+* +.e'(&(' and 'on+t-1't()e< Doe+he .-a(+e whe-e .-a(+e (+ d1e2 Th(+ (+ ,a-ge,% /e'a1+e0 1n,e++ we -ea,,% 'on'ent-ate on h(d(ng the*0 o1-/e,(e&+ and e3.e'tat(on+ a/o1t o1- .eo.,e w(,, /e ea+(,% a..a-ent to the*2

a How doe+ the SFP a&&e't .eo.,e+ /eha)(o1-

=wh% dont we -ewa-d the* &o- 'on+t-1't()e +1gge+t(on+ he wa+ a+$ed2=/e'a1+e that w(,, de&eat the who,e 'on'e.t2 Ha)e %o1 not +t1d(ed the a.ane+e*ode,+0 and (,+on +,a**ed h(+ hand on the ta/,e and +hoo$ h(+ head2

Ca+e St1d% @

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Cha-,e+ Dondo0 ha)(ng 'o*.,eted h(+ a..-ent('e+h(. wo-$ed &o- a n1*/e- o& %ea-+ (n the'o*.an%+ *a(n wo-$+ho.2 He .-o)ed an e3'e,,ent te'hn('a,0 w(,,(ng and h(gh,%*ot()ated wo-$e-2 He wa+ a,wa%+ w(,,(ng to +.end ,ong ho1-+ o& h(+ own t(*e +o,)(ng.-o/,e*+2

On /e(ng .-o*oted to &o-e*an0 h(+ +e-)('e *anage- to,d h(* 8 =e done Cha-,e+0 41+t'a--% on and %o1 w(,, ha)e a g-eat &1t1-e0 'o*e to *e (& %o1 ha)e an% .-o/,e*+2>

A&te- th-ee *onth+ the n1*/e- o& '1+to*e- 'o*.,a(nt+ (n'-ea+ed and th-ee +$(,,eda-t(+an+ ,e&t the 'o*.an%2 =He want+ to do (t a,, h(*+e,&2> Sa(d one te'hn('(an2

The +e-)('e *anage- on,% )(+(ted the wo-$+ho. on -a-e o''a+(on+ 8 = Cha-,e+ 'an hand,ethe .-o/,e*0 he+ a g-eat te'hn('(an0> wa+ h(+ 1+1a, 'o**ent2

Ca+e St1d%

B(,, Godw(n wa+ a +e,&:ta1ght a''o1ntant who had /een w(th the 'o*.an% &o- o)e- %ea-+2 Re'ent,% a /-(ght %o1ng C2A had /een -e'-1(ted to .-o)(de a +1''e++o- to Godw(nwho wa+ to -et(-e (n n(ne *onth+2

B(,, wa+ a+$ed to en+1-e that S*(th0 the %o1ng C2 A wa+ g()en a,, the t-a(n(ng2

B(,, .1t +*(th (n 'ha-ge o& 'e-ta(n &1n't(on+0 +a,a-(e+0 /an$ +(gnato-% .ane,+0 (n+1-an'e0et'2

A&te- th-ee *onth+ Godw(n wa+ +t(,, +(gn(ng a,, ,ette-+ and (n+(+ted that a,, the wo-$ wa+'he'$ed .e-+ona,,% /e&o-e /e(ng +(gned o&&2

S*(th &e,t &-1+t-ated and d(+'1++ed the *atte- w(th the M2D2 =e,,0 Godw(n+ /een w(th1+ a ,ong t(*e 8 he $now+ o1- +%+te*+2> a+ the -e.,%2

The ne3t *onth S*(th -e+(gned2

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Ca+e St1d%

Ro/e-t Ga-a 'o*.eted h(+ =O> ,e)e,+ and then t-(ed to +e'1-e e*.,o%*ent2 At +'hoo, hewa+ the 'a.ta(n o& the +o''e- tea* and an a't()e *e*/e- o& the tenn(+ ',1/2 He 'a*e&-o* a ,a-ge &a*(,% o& /-othe-+ and +(+te-+ and wa+ the %o1nge+t2 He wa+ a,+o a

*e*/e- o& the +'o1t g-o1.2

He e)ent1a,,% +e'1-ed e*.,o%*ent a+ a +w(t'h/oa-dte,e3 o.e-ato- (n a ,a-ge 'o*.an%2H(+ wo-$ a-ea+ wa+ de+(gnated a 'on&(dent(a, a-ea and no )(+(to-+ we-e a,,owed2 Ro/e-ten4o%ed the 'ha,,enge (n the &(-+t *onth and h(+ +a,a-% wa+ we,, a/o)e a)e-age &o- a+'hoo, ,e)e-2

A&te- +o*e *onth+0 a n1*/e- o& *anage-+ 'o*.,a(ned that Ro/e-t wa+ o&ten *(++(ng&-o* the (n&o-*at(on -oo* and wa+ &o1nd ta,$(ng to the +a,e+ +ta&& (n an ad4o(n(ng o&&('e2De+.(te wa-n(ng0 th(+ ha/(t 'ont(n1ed and Ro/e-t wa+ e)ent1a,,% d(+*(++ed2

E3.e'tan'% theo-% .-o)(de one o& the *o+t .-o*(+(ng &-a*ewo-$+ &o- 'o*/(n(ng o1-$now,edge o& *ot()at(on (nto a 'o*.-ehen+()e theo-%2

VALENCE Q *ean+ the )a,1e a .e-+on .,a'e+ on a .a-t('1,a- o1t'o*e2 Fo- e3a*.,e.-o*ot(on &o- wo-$(ng ha-d 8 )a,en'e wo1,d /e h(gh &o- a .e-+on who ha+ a +t-ong de+(-e&o- .-o*ot(on and negat()e &o- a .e-+on who doe+ not want .-o*ot(on2

U69 H@9 M/>,/6,- T7

C::6/

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MOTIVATIONAL FORCE

Va,en'e Range

E"PECTANC# 8 th(+ (+ the .e-+on+ 41dg*ent that a +.e'(&(' o1t'o*e w(,, &o,,ow ana't(on2 E3.e'tan'% (+ a .-o/a/(,(t% e+t(*ate2 H(gh,% -ea,(+t(' to 1n-ea,(+t('2

LO E"PECTANC# 8

E!UAL E"PECTANC#

STRONG INDIFFERENCE STRONGDISLIE NEUTRAL PREFERENCE

: :J : :@ @ J

IF #OUR MANAGER HAD NEVER EPTHIS PROMISE 8 H# SHOULD HE NO 3 => Q =>

E$HIBIT 1%

E*.,o%ee Need+ 8 Ma(ntenan'e and Mot()at(on

e *1+t +e,e't +ta&& w(th the -(ght +$(,,+ o- g-owth.otent(a,2

=%o1 'annot *a$e a +(,$ .1-+e o1t o& a +ow ea-2>

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HIGH E"PECTANC#

RESPECT FOR

INDIVIDUAL

HONEST

RELATIONSHIPS

FREEDOM TO ACT

TEAM

UNDERSTANDABLE

DESIRABLE

ATTAINABLE S#NERGISTIC

OPPORTUNIT# TO

INTERPERSONAL

COMPETENCE

ACHIEVEMENTSELF

ACTUALIATIO

MEANINGFULGOALS

HELPFUL

SYSTEMS

PROFITABLE

ORGANISATIONALGROTH

PERSONAL

PROFESSIONALGROTH

COMMITMENT TO

GOALS HIGH MOTIVATION

DISSATISFACTION

MINIMISED2

HIGH TRUST FACTOR

UNDERSTANDABLE

GOAL:ORIENTED

CONTROLLABLE

ADAPTIVE

FEEDBAC TO USE

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DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS LEADERSHIP

MODULE 8 FUNCTIONAL LEADERSHIP

Ana,%+e the o-gan(+at(ona, hea,th o& %o1- 'o*.an% 1nde- the head(ng+ g()en /e,ow andw-(te a -e.o-t -e&,e't %o1- &(nd(ng+0 o.(n(on+ and -e'o**endat(on+2

L,8

Con&(den'e (n +1/o-d(nate+S1/o-d(nate+ &ee, &-ee to d(+'1++ .-o/,e*+Pa-t('(.at(on 8 Theo-% #

M/>,/6

Cha-a'te-(+t('+ o& *ot()at(on &ea- o- .-a(+eS1/o-d(nate+ 'o**(t*ent to goa,+

C::+65,/6

Deg-ee o& (nte-a't(onCo**1n('at(on &,ow : 1.wa-d+0 downwa-d

Documents

1.Leadership Functional Approach