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Information Systems in Hospitality
1Information Systems
Lesson 1a
Learning OutcomesWhat is IT & ICT?Introduction to Information Systems and
componentsBenefits of information systemsEvolution of Management Information
System
2Information Systems
IntroductionThere are two concept of systems:
Information Technology (IT)Information Systems (IS)
Information TechnologyHardware and software used to process information.
Information SystemsRelationships of the IT components used to produce, store, share and distribute information for use by the people.
Information Systems 4
Why Information System is important?Computers and information systems are constantly making it possible for organisations to improve the way they conduct business
Achieve the strategic objective of the organisation – improved decision making
Improve the efficiency of specific business functions and processes
Improve relationships between suppliers and customers
Operational excellenceAccuracy and consistency of dataCompetitive advantageSurvival
Information systems must be applied thoughtfully and carefully so that society, business, and industry can reap their enormous benefits
Information is one of an organisation’s most valuable resources
Information is different from data
Information Systems 5
Information Systems 6
Definition of Information
Information is data that has been processed in such a way as to be meaningful to the person who receives it.
INFORMATION = DATA + CONTEXT + MEANING
Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition
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Data, Information, and KnowledgeData: raw factsInformation: collection of facts organised in
such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselves
Knowledge: awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision
Information Systems 8
Examples of informationMenu detailsA Bank StatementA Sales ForecastA Telephone DirectoryGraphs and trends in visitor numbers to a web
site
Information Systems 9
Requirements for Information Systems?There are a variety of requirements for
information.Senior Management - planningMiddle Management – monitor and control
business activitiesOperational Level Management – assist them to
carry out their daily duties
Information Systems 10
Information systems are the means by which organisations and people, using information technologies, gather, process, store, use and disseminate information.
A business information system can be described as a system that provides the information needed by organisations to support their activities in achieving the objectives of their business.
A computer-based information system can be described as an IS which uses information technology in the form of hardware, software and communications links.
Information Systems – some definitions
Information Systems 11
Information SystemActivities in an information system produces information in the following order:
• Input• Processing• Output• Feedback
Think of an information system you have used recently or during the day. Jot down the inputs, processing, outputs, and feedback you received from the system.
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Information Systems Are More than Computers
Information Systems 13
Components of an IS
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Information Systems: Turn Data into Information
Data Information• Raw material• Unformatted information• Generally has no context
Examples
• Processed material• Formatted information• Data given context
Individual time cards for factory workers entered into the payroll system
Department Labour Report, Project Status Report, Employee Payroll Checks
Information Systems
Information Systems 15
Activity 1. Technology is a tool that hospitality
practitioners can use to provide excellent guest services. Give examples of how technology may be used to produce this outcome.
2. Take 5 minutes to jot down at least 5 technology that enables excellent guest service.
3. Another 5 minutes to jot down 3 hardware and 3 software that you know.
Information Systems
Information SystemsTheory in General
Why things Happen
How things Happen
What I Need to Make
Things Happen
Theory Science/
Philosophy
Practice Managemen
t
Tools Technology
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Business Information Systems
Most common types of information systems used in business organisations
Electronic and mobile commerce systemsTransaction processing systemsManagement information systemsDecision support systems
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Electronic and Mobile CommerceE-commerce: any business transaction
executed electronically between parties such as:Companies (business-to-business, B2B)Companies and consumers (business-to-
consumer, B2C)Consumers and other consumers (consumer-
to-consumer, C2C)Business and the public sectorConsumers and the public sector
Information Systems
Evolution of MISCurrently we view Management
Information System (MIS) as Operations Support Systems & related to Benchmarks-Best Practice
Tools for Reactive & Pro-Active planningBusiness related IS activities remain
focused on Transaction ProcessingThe most current IS Systems focus on
collaboration systems rather than old ones which worked independently and were used only to perform one task.
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Information Systems 20
Operational ExcellenceNew Products, Services and Business ModelsCustomer and Supplier IntimacyImproved Decision MakingCost ReductionHigher Productivity & EfficiencyCompetitive advantagePerformance Based management
Benefits of IS
SummaryIn this session we look at;
What is IT & IS?The components of ISInformation and data with examples Different business systemsEvolution of MISBenefits of IS
Information Systems 21
