1.Bacteria engineered to do a better job of decomposing oil are important to the field of...
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1.Bacteria engineered to do a better job of decomposing oil are important to the field of ___________. A. Agronomy B. Bioremediation C. Oncology D. None
1.Bacteria engineered to do a better job of decomposing oil are
important to the field of ___________. A. Agronomy B.
Bioremediation C. Oncology D. None of the above.
Slide 2
B. Bioremediation Bioremediation is the use of either naturally
occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms
of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in
order to clean up a polluted site.
Slide 3
2.The restriction fragment length polymorphisms can be
separated from one another by _____________. A. Autoradiography B.
PCR C. Gel Electrophoresis D. Vectors
Slide 4
C. Gel Electrophoresis This process uses an anode and cathode
to separate fragments based on size and electrical charge.
Slide 5
3. 1998 By using the techniques of genetic engineering,
scientists are able to modify genetic material so that a particular
gene of interest from one cell can be incorporated into a different
cell. a. Describe a procedure by which this can be done.
Slide 6
a. Describe a procedure by which this can be done. First, the
gene of interest must be isolated and cut using restriction
enzymes. Using polymerase chain reaction, copy the gene until there
is enough. Then, using a bacterial plasmid as the vector, cut out
the unnecessary parts using the same restriction enzymes. To be
useful, plasmids must minimally have an origin of replication, a
region containing many restriction sites, and genes that enable
screening of cells that have successfully taken up the plasmid;
this gene is usually an antibiotic resistant gene. A marker gene
must also be inserted. When the modified plasmids are finished,
they are placed in an antibiotic solution. The bacteria that die
did not successfully incorporate the gene. The remaining bacteria
that are alive have the gene of interest in them. The last step is
to insert the bacteria into the plant using organogenesis or animal
of choice using embryogenesis. The plants or animals that show the
marker gene are the ones that have successfully incorporated the
genes.
Slide 7
TAMERA MASON VICTORIA LUNA RYAN PINON
Slide 8
The use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to
manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life.
It can be broken down into 4 sub disciplines characterized by
color: 1. Medical Processes (Red) 2. Industrial Processes
(White/Gray) 3. Agriculture (Green) 4. Marine and Aquatic
Environments (Blue)
Slide 9
Slide 10
The application of computer technology to the management of
biological information. For example, using computers to gather,
store, analyze, and integrate genetic information so that it could
be used for gene-based drug discoveries and developments.
Slide 11
Human Genome Project The goal of this project was to determine
the sequence of the entire human genome (about 3 billion base
pairs) and identify and map all of the genes from both a physical
and functional standpoint. It was accomplished by 2002.
Slide 12
The biopharmaceutical field produces biologic medical products
that are extracted from biological sources.
Slide 13
Vaccines Substances used to stimulate the production of
antibodies and provide immunity against diseases. They are prepared
from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a synthetic
substitute. Vaccines act as antigens without inducing the
disease.
Slide 14
Biorobotics is the use of biological characteristics in living
organisms as the knowledge base for developing new robot designs
and the use of biological specimens as functional robot components.
Biorobotics intersects the fields of cybernetics, bionics, biology,
physiology, and genetic engineering.
Slide 15
In the 1970s, leading Japanese robotics engineer and
researcher, Ichiro Kato, worked with robot substitutes for human
body parts to construct a full-sized android called WABOT-1.
Slide 16
Agricultural engineering applies technology to agricultural
production and processing. Agricultural engineering combines the
disciplines of mechanical, civil, electrical and chemical
engineering principles with a knowledge of agricultural
principles.
Slide 17
What are some examples you can think of for agricultural
engineering?
Slide 18
Bioprocessing Engineering involves using organisms, tissues,
cells, or their molecular components to act on living things and to
intervene in the workings of cells or the molecular components of
cells, including their genetic material (NRC, 2001).
Slide 19
High-Fructose Corn Syrup and Bioethanol In 1957, scientists at
USDA reported the discovery of an enzyme that could transform
glucose to fructose. In 1965, a version of this glucose isomerase
enzyme that did not require arsenate was discovered in a species of
Streptomyces. Once it was possible to grow this organism using
corn- steep liquor to produce a thermally stable enzyme in a
cost-effective way, sugars from corn with sweetness similar to
sugar from sugar cane became feasible. Bioprocess engineers
invented systems of fixed beds of the glucose isomerase enzyme and
demonstrated the utility of biocatalysts for the large-scale
industrial production of biochemicals. They also adapted
industrial-scale liquid-chromatography separations used in the
petrochemical industry to enrich the fructose content in corn syrup
from 42 percent to 55 high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). A taste
challenge sponsored by a soft-drink company showed that consumers
preferred soft drinks made with 55-percent HFCS.