1.Aiims Dental 2001 May

7/27/2019 1.Aiims Dental 2001 May

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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)4. Life time of RBCs is

A. 3 daysB. 2 daysC. 120 daysD. 6 weeksAnswer:C. 120 days

Reference:Guyton, 11/E, p. 426

5. The primary effect of Calcitonin isA. Bone depositionB. Bone resorptionC. Increase intestinal absorption of calciumD. Decrease intestinal absorption of calciumAnswer:A. Bone deposition

Reference:Guyton, 11/E, p. 988

Explanation:

Primary effect of calcitonin is inhibition of bone

resorption thus shifting the balance towards bone

deposition.

6. Infusion of hypertonic sodium chloride solutionresults in

A. Increase in intracellular volumeB. Increase in extracellular volumeC. Decrease in extracellular volumeD. Increase in extracellular volume and decrease

in intracellular volume

Answer: D. Increase in extracellular volume and

decrease in intracellular volume

Reference: Indu Khuranas Text Book of Medical

Physiology, 1/E, p. 9

Explanation:

Intravenous infusion of hypertonic salinesolution leads to an increase in the plasma

osmolality. The rise in plasma osmolality

causes water to shift from the interstitium into

the plasma, thereby increasing the plasma

volume. The increase in osmolality of the ECF

causes water to flow out of the ICF, which

eventually decreases the volume of the ICF and

increases the ECF.

BIOCHEMISTRY

7. Golgi bodies function as

A. Protein lipid synthesisB. Protein synthesisC. Sorting of glycoproteinsD. NoneAnswer:C. Sorting of glycoproteins

Reference:Satyanarayana, 3/E, pp. 1-5

Explanation:

Biochemical functions of sub cellular organelles of

eukaryotic cells

Sub cellular

organellesFunctions

Plasma membraneTransport of molecules in and

out of the cell.

Lysosome

Intracellular digestion of

cellular substances like

proteins, carbohydrates,

lipids and nucleic acids.

Golgi apparatusModification and Sorting of

proteins

Rough endoplasmic

reticulumSynthesis of proteins

Smooth

endoplasmic

reticulum

Synthesis of lipids

Nucleus Contains DNA, geneticmaterial

MitochondriaPower house of the cell,

synthesis of ATP

Peroxisomes

Contains peroxidase and

catalase, involved in

oxidation of very long chain

fatty acids

Cytosol

Contains several enzymes for

glycolysis, HMP shunt

pathway, gluconeogenesis,

urea cycle, etc

8. Krebs cycle occurs inA. Aerobic conditionsB. Anaerobic conditionsC. Microaerophilic conditionsD. Both Aerobic & anaerobic

Answer:A. Aerobic

Reference:Satyanarayana, 3/E, p. 263

Explanation:

Krebs cycle operates only under aerobic conditions.


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) The NAD+ and FAD required for the operation

of TCA cycle can be regenerated in the electron

transport chain only in the presence of oxygen.

Therefore Krebs cycle is strictly aerobic incontrast to glycolysis which operates in both

aerobic and anaerobic conditions

GENERAL PATHOLOGY

9. Capillaries are more permeable due to lack ofA. Tunica mediaB. Tunica intimaC. Tunica adventitiaD. Lamina propria

Answer:A. Tunica media

Reference:Histology for Pathologists, p. 769

Explanation:

Capillaries have neither a muscular media nor elastic

lamellae. A single but complete layer of endothelial cells

lies on a basement membrane whose thickness varies

from site to site. Basement membrane thickness

increases with age, almost doubling in muscle

capillaries from 10 to 70 years.

MICROBIOLOGY

10. Serum sickness syndrome isA. A transplant immunityB. An anaphylactic shockC. Arthus reactionD. None

Answer: D. None

Reference: Ananthanarayan, 5/E, p. 152

Explanation:

Serum Sickness is placed under Type - IIIHypersensitivity and is because of Deposition

of Immune complexes.

Placed under the same type is Arthus reaction,but serum Sickness is Systemic Form but

Arthus reaction is Localized form.

Transplant Immunity is A Type - IVhypersensitivity.

So, the answer is NONE

PHARMACOLOGY

11. Epinephrine is contraindicated with L.A. inA. ThyrotoxicosisB. DiabetesC. Congestive heart failureD. None

Answer: A. Thyrotoxicosis

Reference: Tripathi, 6/E, p. 356

Explanation:

This combination is to be avoided in patientswith ischemic heart disease

Comparative properties of important localanaesthetics

Safe dose max

(inj)

Metabolis

m inDuration of

nerve block(min)Total(mg)

(mg/kg)

Plasma

liver

Cocaine Not injected - + -

Procaine 400 (6) + + 30-60

Lidocain

e300 (4.5) - + 60-120

Tetracai

ne80 (1.2) + + 180-480

Bupivac

aine100 (1.5) - + 180-360

Dibucai

ne

50 - + 180-600

12. Treatment of Actinomycosis isA. PenicillinB. ErythromycinC. CephalosporinD. Clindamycin

Answer: A. Penicillin

Reference: Tripathi, 6/E, p. 699

GENERAL MEDICINE


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)13. Incubation period of hepatitis B is

A. 2 5 weeksB. 10 daysC. 1 6 monthsD. 12 days

Answer: C. 1 6 months

Reference:

Explanation:

Incubation periods

HAV:15-45 days(30) HBV: 30-180 days(60-90) HCV: 15-160 days(50) HDV: 30180 days(60-90) HEV: 14-60 days(40)

GENERAL SURGERY

No Questions asked

DENTAL MATERIALS

14. Polishing of composite is problematic due toA. Soft matrix and hard filler particlesB. Hard filler particlesC. Hardness of matrix & filler particlesD. None

Answer:A. Soft matrix and hard filler particles

Reference:Craig, 12/E, p. 203

15. Hardness of stainless steel orthodontic wire canbe increased by

A. Work hardeningB. Age hardeningC. TemperingD. Quenching

Answer:A. Work hardening

Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 88

16. Solution heat treatment of gold is done byA. Heating to 1000C for 1 hr and quenching in

H2OB. Heating to 7000C for 1 hr and quenching in

H2O

C. Heating to 7000 C for 10 min and quenching inH2O

D. NoneAnswer:C. Heating to 700C for 10 min and quenching

in H2O


17. Lanolin is added in ZOE paste toA. Decrease flowB. Increase flowC. Accelerate reactionD. Decrease irritation due to Eugenol

Answer:B. Increase flow


18. Stellite alloy isA. Chrome cobalt alloyB. Aluminum bromide alloyC. Type II gold alloyD. All

Answer:A. Chrome-cobalt alloy

Reference:ASM Specialty Handbook: Nickel, Cobalt,

and Their Alloys, 1/E, p. 364

19. Thermal conductivity of --- is equal to that oftooth

A. Silicate cementB. Composite resinC. AmalgamD. Cavity varnish

Answer:A. Silicate cements


20. Cleaning of base metal alloy is done byA. Warm HCLB. Cold HFC. Cold H2SO4D. Sand blasting with aluminum oxide

Answer:D. Sand blasting with aluminum oxide


21. Chroma isA. Intensity of colorB. Translucency of enamelC. Translucency of enamel & dentinD. None of the above


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)

Answer:A. Intensity of color


DADH

22. The fibers which continue bone to ligament areA. Sharpeys fibersB. Tomes fibersC. Ray fibersD. All of the above

Answer:A. Sharpeys fibres

Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 172

Explanation:

Sharpeys Fibres Collagen fibres are embedded into cementum

on one side of the periodontal space and into

alveolar bone on the other. These embedded

fibres are termed as Sharpeys fibres

Sharpeys fibres in the primary acellularcementum is completely mineralized but those

in the cellular cementum and bone are partially

mineralized

Few Sharpeys fibres pass uninterruptedthrough the bone of the alveolar process and

continue as principal fibres of the adjacent

periodontal ligament. They are termed as

Transalveolar fibres

These fibres pass through bone only whenalveolar process consists of compact bone

entirely without Haversian systems

The embedded Sharpeys fibres calcify to acertain degree and they are associated with non

collagenous proteins like osteopontin and bone

sialoprotein

They are derived from dental follicle.

23. Tooth eruption is due toA. Osteoclastic activityB. Proliferation of cells at cryptC. Exfoliation of primary toothD. Eruptive forces

Answer:D. Eruptive forces


Explanation:

Tooth eruption is the axial or occlusal movement of the

tooth from its developmental position within the jaw to

its functional position in the occlusal position. Eruptive

force is responsible for the eruption of tooth. Eruptive

force is derived from bone remodeling, root growth,

vascular pressure, ligament traction. There is a good

deal of evidence that the eruptive force resides in the

dental follicle periodontal ligament complex.

24. Disturbances during calcification of dentincauses

A. CementiclesB. Dentin dysplasiaC. Interglobular dentinD. None

Answer:C. Interglobular dentin


Explanation:

Interglobular Dentin

Interglobular dentin is the area ofunmineralized or hypomineralised dentin

which persists within the normally mineralized

dentin

Sometimes mineralization of dentin begins insmall globular areas that fail to fuse resulting

in the formation of irregular areas of

hypocalcified matrix called Interglobular

dentin

It is found along the incremental linesespecially in the crown of teeth in the

Circumpulpal dentin

Dentinal tubules pass without deviationthrough interglobular areas

Peritubular dentin are absent from dentinaltubules passing through interglobular dentin

as interglobular dentin remains uncalcified

In dry ground sections a small amount ofinterglobular dentin may be lost and a space

results which appears black in transmitted

light. Hence it as also called interglobular space

or globular dentin. This layer shows a high

amount of sulphur

It is frequently seen in vitamin D deficiency orexposure to high level of fluoride during

Dentinogenesis.

Cementicles

Cementicles are round lamellated cementalbodies that lie free in the periodontal ligamentspace

Found along the root and more common inaged persons


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)Dentin Dysplasia

Rootless teethTypes

1. Radicular Both dentitions are affected Normal eruption pattern Complete obliteration of pulp chambers

deciduous teeth

Crescent shaped pulpal remnants permanent teeth

Show lava flowing around the boulders2. Coronal

Clinical appearance is normal forpermanent teeth

Blue gray opalescent appearance fordeciduous teeth

Obliteration of pulp chambers deciduousteeth

Large pulp chambers permanent teeth thistle tube in shape

25. Ankylosis is due to deposition ofA. BoneB. CementumC. Bone & CementumD. Dentin

Answer:A. Bone


Explanation:

Fusion of cementum and alveolar bone withobliteration of periodontal ligament is termed

asAnkylosis

It may develop after chronic periapicalinflammation, tooth replantation, occlusal

trauma, and around embedded teeth

Ankylosis results in resorption of root and itsgradual replacement by bone tissue

As the periodontal ligament is replaced bybone, proprioception is lost

It may be seen in case of gingival recession andloss of attachment

The cementum become permeable to organicsubstances, inorganic ions and bacteria

Cemental caries can develop26. The layer present on tooth immediately after

eruption of teeth

A. Primary cuticleB. Secondary Cuticle

C. OperculumD. Enamel cuticle

Answer:D. Enamel cuticle


Explanation:

Enamel Cuticle/Nasmyths Membrane/Primary Cuticle

A non mineralized electron dense structure lessmembrane seen on the crown of the tooth,

adhering firmly to its surface

It is formed by an accumulation of basal laminamaterial produced by the junctional epithelium

of the dentogingival junction

It is mostly seen in newly erupted teeth and islost due to mastication

It is about 0.5 1.5 mm thick Enamel cuticle is made of 2 cuticles

Primary cuticle Secondary cuticle

Primary Enamel Cuticle is the last product of theenamel forming ameloblasts and it becomes

mineralized

Secondary Enamel Cuticle: It covers the primarycuticle and is a product of the reduced enamel

epithelium and is not mineralized. It is also

known as Dental cuticle and it is structurally

described as basal lamina

27. PDL around mandibular canine is thinned in oldpatients due to

A. Deposition of cementumB. Deposition of cementum & boneC. Deposition of bone onlyD. Deposition of dentin

Answer:A. Deposition of cementum


Explanation:

Cementum is known to form throughout lifeand thus it leads to the decrease in the width of

the periodontal ligament space around the

teeth.

28. Odontoblasts are derived fromA. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cellsB. HistocytesC. MacrophagesD. Lymphocytes

Answer:A. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 35

Explanation:

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells are theprimary cells in pulp which differentiate to

become odontoblasts, fibroblasts or

macrophages when need arises. Odontoblasts

are present next to predentin layer, derived

from ectomesenchymal cells and are known to

produce dentin matrix.

ORAL PATHOLOGY & ORAL MEDICINE

29. Fusion or gemination occurs during disturbancein

A. MorphodifferentiationB. Initiation proliferationC. Organo differentiationD. None

Answer:A. Morphodifferentiation

Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 39

Explanation:

Germination is an attempt at division of singletooth germ by an invagination. Complete or

incomplete separation of crowns can be seen. Fusion is the union of two separate tooth

germs. It can be complete or incomplete,

depending on the stage of development.

30. Eagles syndrome isA. Elongation of sphenoid processB. Elongation of styloid processC. Elongation of sphenoid and styloid processD. None of the above

Answer:B. Elongation of styloid process


Explanation:

Eagles syndrome consists of either the elongation of

styloid process or ossification of stylohyoid ligament

causing dysphagia, sore throat, otalgia, glossodynia,

headache, vague facial pain and pain along the

distribution of internal and external carotid arteries.

31. A boy complains of bleeding gums, swollen,joints with hemorrhage into joints. His paternal

and maternal uncle complains of same problem.

It is due to deficiency of factor

A. VIIIB. IXC. XD. VI

Answer:A. VIII


Explanation:

Factor VIII is an Anti Hemophiliac Factor, thedeficiency of which causes Hemophilia A,

characterized by prolonged coagulation time

and hemorrhagic tendencies. The disease is

hereditary, X linked recessive trait. Thus it

occurs only in males and females are thecarriers.

32. Internal resorption is due toA. Pulp necrosisB. Acute inflammation of pulpC. Chronic inflammation of pulpD. None

Answer:C. Chronic inflammation of pulp


Explanation:

Internal resorption is a relatively rareoccurrence; most cases develop after injury to

pulp tissues, such as physical trauma or caries

related pulpitis. The resorption can continue as

long as vital pulp tissue remains and result in

communication of the pulp with the pdl.

33.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is commonly seen inA. Submandibular salivary glandB. Sublingual salivary glandC. Parotid salivary glandD. Minor salivary gland

Answer:D. Minor salivary gland


Explanation:

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a non neoplastic

inflammatory condition, most commonly reported in the

minor salivary glands of palate. Lesion is usually

painless, manifests as swelling with or without


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)ulceration. Coagulative necrosis of acini and squamous

metaplasia with inflammatory infiltrate are its histologic

features. It usually resolves spontaneously and no

treatment is required.

34. Moellers glossitis or Hunters glossitis is seen inA. Iron deficiency anemiaB. Vitamin B12 deficiencyC. Thiamine deficiencyD. Syphilis

Answer:B. Vitamin B12 deficiency


Explanation:

Glossitis is one of the most common symptoms of

pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) and is called

as Hunters glossitis. Tongue is characterized by

smooth, red, atrophied or bald with the loss of papillae.

Loss or distortion of taste can also be seen.

35. Taurodontism showsA. Opalescent dentinB. Calcification of pulp canalsC. Enlarged pulp canalsD. Involvement of enamel & dentin

Answer:C. Enlarged pulp chamber


Explanation:

Taurodontism (Bull like teeth): It is due to thefailure of invagination of HERS at proper

horizontal level. Three types - Hypo, Meso and

Hyper taurodont (by Shaw). Molars are

commonly involved. It can be either Unilateral

or bilateral, rectangle in shape, large pulp

chambers and furcation is placed near the

apices of the roots.

36. Median rhomboid glossitis isA. HereditaryB. Associated with fungal infectionC. Atrophy of papillaD. Vitamin deficiency

Answer:B. Associated with fungal infection


Explanation:

Median Rhomboid Glossitis: Occurs due to failureof tuberculum impar to retract or withdraw

before fusion of the lateral half of the tongue.

Recently it is been proved to be strongly

associated with Candidal infection and thus

Posterior midline atrophic candidiasis is a

more appropriate diagnostic term.

37. Diabetes insipidus, exophthalmos and infectionsare common in

A. Letterer Siwe diseaseB. Hand Schuller Christian diseaseC. Niemen pick diseaseD. None

Answer:B. Hand-Schuller Christian disease


Explanation:

Hand Schuller Christian disease is characterized by

widespread skeletal and extra skeletal lesions and a

chronic clinical course. Classic triad of areas of punched out

bony destruction in skull, unilateral or bilateral exophthalmos

and diabetes insipidus. Halitosis, gingivitis, periodontitis,

loss of alveolus and thus teeth is seen.

38. Primordial cyst developsA. In place of missing teethB. In teeth in which crown development is

completed

C. In periapical regionD. In mandibular body

Answer:A. In place of missing teeth


Explanation:

Primordial cyst is considered to originate fromcystic degeneration of the enamel organ

epithelium before the development of dental

hard tissue. Therefore it occurs in place of a

tooth. Later the name of this is changed in 1992

WHO classification and renamed as

odontogenic keratocyst. Thus the existence of

primordial cyst is controversial.

39. Which of the following is associated with vitalteeth

A. Periapical granulomaB. Condensing Osteitis


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)C. Periapical scarD. Periapical cyst

Answer:B. Condensing Osteitis


Explanation:

Condensing Osteitis is an unusual reaction ofbone to infection, seen in people with high

tissue resistance and tissue reactivity. The most

common cause of this is caries however it

sometimes is idiopathic. It is most commonly

observed in younger adults and children.

40. Codmans triangle is seen inA. OsteoradionecrosisB. Fibrous dysplasiaC. OsteosarcomaD. Sq cell carcinoma of lip

Answer:C. Osteosarcoma


Explanation:

In the long bones affected with Osteosarcoma,the periosteum is elevated over the expanding

tumor mass in a tent like fashion. At the point

on the bone where the periosteum begins to

merge, an acute angle between the bone

surface and the periosteum is created. This is

called Codmans triangle and is highly

suspicious for Osteosarcoma.

41. Most common lesion associated with Gingivadue to irritation is

A. Irritation FibromaB. Pyogenic granulomaC.

Giant cell granuloma

D. None

Answer:A. Irritation Fibroma


Explanation:

Irritational Fibroma is the most commonconnective tissue lesion in the oral cavity. Most

commonly seen in buccal mucosa along the

plane of occlusion followed by gingiva, tongue

etc.

42. Median palatal cyst is

A. Radicular cystB. Residual cystC. Fissural cystD. None of the above

Answer:C. Fissured cyst


Explanation:

Fissural cysts are those which are found alongthe lines of fusion of various bones of

embryonic processes. Median palatine cyst

arises from epithelium entrapped along the

line of fusion of the palatal processes of the

maxilla. Radicular and residual cysts are

inflammatory cysts.

ORAL RADIOLOGY

43. Most effective method of decreasing radiation isA. E speed filmB. Decreasing exposure timeC. Decreasing kvpD. Decreasing mAAnswer:A. E speed film

Reference: W & P, 6/E, p. 61Explanation:

Film speed determines the amount of radiationand exposure time required to produce an

image on the film. An E film requires less

radiation because the film responds quickly.

This is due to the fact that the silver halide

crystals in the emulsion are larger

44. Image sharpness is increased byA. Decreasing focal spot sizeB. Increasing focal spot sizeC. Increasing source film distanceD. Increasing object-film distance

Answer: A. Decreasing focal spot size

Reference: W & P, 6/E, p. 46

Explanation:

Three methods exist for increasing imagesharpness: Decreasing focal spot size Increase the distance between the focal

spot and the object


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Increase the distance between the focal

spot and the object

ORTHODONTICS

45. Growth of oral structures is mainly influencedby. Factors

A. HereditaryB. EnvironmentalC. Hereditary influenced by environmentD. None

Answer:C. Hereditary influenced by environment

Reference: Thomas Rakosis Orthodontic

Diagnosis (Color Atlas), p. 57

Explanation: The etiology of malocclusion is mostly based

on a Multifactorial system with both hereditary

and environmental influence.

Hereditary abnormalities can be noticed in Neuromuscular Characteristics

o Sizeo Position facial, oral, tongue,

musculature.

o Contractility Dental Characteristics

o Size of teetho Shape of teetho Number of teeth

Dental Malocclusiono Tooth positiono Arch width, arch length

Skeletal Malocclusiono Class II Div 2 (100% concordance in

monozygotic twins)

o Class III malocclusion: Hapsburg Jaw Autosomal dominant

46. Which tooth is most malposed due to insufficientarch length?

A. Mandibular 1st premolarB. Mandibular 2nd premolarC. Maxillary 1st molarD. Mandibular 1st molar

Answer:B. Mandibular 2nd premolar

Reference:Antonio Pattis Clinical Success in Early

Orthodontic Treatment

Explanation:

The most common malposed teeth due to archlength insufficiency are mandibular lateral

incisors followed by maxillary canine followed

by mandibular II premolar.

Most commonly impacted teeth in the orderare third molar (mandibular then maxillary),

maxillary canine, mandibular premolars,

mandibular canine, maxillary premolars,

maxillary central incisor, maxillary lateral

incisor, mandibular second molar. First molars

and maxillary second molar are very rarely

involved.

Most commonly congenitally missingtooth/hypodontia are third molars, second

premolars, lateral incisors.

Insufficient arch length is the most importantcause for malposition or ectopic eruption of

teeth. Other causes according to Graber are

Premature loss of deciduous teeth Prolonged retention deciduous teeth Delayed eruption of permanent teeth Abnormal eruptive path Dental caries Improper dental restorations

47. Apertognathia isA. Big jawB. Small jawC. Open biteD. Deep bite

Answer:C. Open bite

Reference: Kharbhandas Orthodontics Diagnosis and

Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial

Deformities, 1/E, p. 29

Explanation:

Apertognathia -Apertus, open, Gnathos, jaw Open bite malocclusion.

George Carabelli (1842), a Viennese professor,was probably the first to describe in any

systematic way abnormal relationships of the

upper and lower dental arches. The terms

edge-to-edge bite and overbite are actually

derived from Carabelli's system of

classification.

He bases his classification on various positionsof incisors and canines as:

Mordex Apertus (open occlusion) Mordex Normalis (Normal occlusion) Mordex Rectus (edge to edge) Mordex Prosus (protruding occlusion) Mordex Retrosus (retruding occlusion)


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Mordex Tortuosus (zig-zag occlusion)

48. Speech problems in cleft palate patients are due toA. Lisping of tongueB. Inability of soft palate to stop air to go into

nasopharynx

C. Inability of learning processD. All of the above

Answer:B. Inability of soft palate to stop air to go into

nasopharynx

Reference: Samuel Berkowitzs Cleft Lip and Palate:

Diagnosis & Management

Explanation:

The cleft of the palate, due to deficient softpalate, can result in hypernasality of speech

due to air escape through the incompetentvalve; this condition is called velopharyngeal

insufficiency

The correction of these defects involve either Surgery

o Velar lengtheningo Intraalveolar muscular reconstruction;o Pharyngoplastieso Pharyngeal wall augmentation

Prosthesiso Speech aid appliances

Lisping of tongue is seen in patients withanterior open bite due to improper lip seal and

inability to pronounce sibilants like S, Z

49. Acromegaly is associated withA. Class I malocclusionB. Class I cross biteC. Class II malocclusionD. Class III malocclusion

Answer:D. Class III malocclusion

Reference:Endocrine regulation of craniofacial growth

Acta Odontol Scand 1995; 15:179-185

Explanation:

Acromegaly is due to hypersecretion ofGrowth hormone in adults after the fusion of

epiphysis with shaft of the bones. Excessive

stimulation of condylar cartilage by

GH/Somatotropin causes mandibular

prognathism, thus results in skeletal class III

malocclusion.

Acromegaly

Its characterized by enlargement,thickening and broadening of bones,

particularly in the extremities.

Enlargement of hands and feet withbowing of spine called kyphosis

General overgrowth of body hair. Thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands

show hyperactivity.

Hyperglycemia and hypertension Facial and Oral features

Increased growth of mandible and condyle- Class III malocclusion due to mandibular

prognathism.

Protrusion of supra orbital ridges Broadening of nose Apertognathia Protrusion of lower jaw

Guerrilla face or Acromegalic face Alveolar ridges are thick Teeth in the mandible are usually tipped

buccally due to enlarged tongue

Spacing and diastema

50. In expansion screws, a rotation of 90 causes abilateral expansion of

A. 0.20 mmB. 0.10 mmC. 0.36 mmD. 0.09 mm

Answer:A. 0.20 mm

Reference: Timms Text Book of Rapid Maxillary

Expansion, p. 51

Explanation:

Unilateral expansion will be 0.10 mm

Pitch of Screw

When the expansion screw given one completeturn, the two halves of the orthodontic

appliance advance a distance equal to the space

between the neighboring lines often called as

thread's height. This distance moved is called

pitch of the screw.


12/21


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Prominent chin Deep labiomental sulcus Hyperactive lower lip A high lower lip line, thin upper lip Small gonial angle and horizontal type of face

Dental features

Class II molar and canine relationship, Deep traumatic bite, Retroclined upper four incisors or retroclined

centrals with labial inclination of the laterals

Supra erupted, upright lower incisors Upper incisors may have decreased collum

angle between the crown and the root

Incisors have a shorter root, a longer crown,and axial bending of the incisor, in addition to

a reduced labio palatal thickness.

54. Torsi version isA. Rotation of tooth around its own axisB. Fusion of cementumC. Rotation in horizontal directionD. None

Answer:A. Rotation of tooth around its own axis

Reference:MoyersHand Book of Orthodontics, 4/E, p.

189

Explanation:

Lischer's nomenclature to describe malpositionof individual teeth is in general use. It simply

involves adding the suffix "-version" to a word

to indicate the direction from' the normal

position:

Mesioversion mesial to the normalposition

Distoversiondistal to the normal position Linguoversion lingual to the normal

position

Labioversion or Buccoversion toward thelip or cheek

Infraversion away from the line ofocclusion

Supraversion extended past the line ofocclusion (i.e. below in the maxilla and

above in the mandible)

Axiversion tipped; the wrong axialinclination

Torsiversion rotated on its long axis

Transversion wrong order in the arch;transposition

55. Heavy forces on periodontal ligament causes

A. HyalinizationB. Osteoclastic activity around toothC. Osteoblastic activity around toothD. Crest bone resorption

Answer:A. Hyalinization

Reference: Kharbhandas Orthodontics Diagnosis andManagement of Malocclusion and Dentofacial

Deformities, 1/E, p. 85

Explanation:

Teeth subjected to high forces showhyalinization more often than teeth

experiencing light forces, and the development

of hyalinization zones has a definite

relationship to the force magnitude.

When heavy forces are applied periodontalligament and cells undergo cellular death, and

this zone appears without cells in histological

sections so-called hyalinization. The bone

resorption starts at a distant site extending

towards tooth and so-called rear resorption or

undermining resorption. However, it was found

that the hyalinization zones have no

relationship to the rate of tooth movement.

56. Principle V is seen inA. MaxillaB. Mandibular ramusC. SymphysisD. None

Answer:A & B. Maxilla and Mandibular ramus

Reference: Enlows Text Book on Essentials of Facial

Growth, pp. 24, 91

Explanation:

Many facial and cranial bones, or parts ofbones, have a V-shaped configuration (or a

funnel-shape in three dimensions). Bone

deposition occurs on the inner side of the V;

resorption takes place on the outside surface.

The V thereby moves towards the side ofdeposition and, at the same time, increases in

overall dimensions. The direction of movement

is toward the wide end of the V. Thus, a

simultaneous growth movement and

enlargement proceeds by additions of bone on

the inside with removal from the outside.


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Maxilla

Mandible

PEDODONTICS

57. Piagets classification is based onA. Child behaviorB. Parental behaviorC. Social Status of parentD. None of the above

Answer:A. Child behavior

Reference:Shobha Tandon, /E, p. 234

Explanation:

Piaget gave the Cognitive Development theoryof Child Psychology which speaks about the

cognitive development in a child and its effects

on the child behaviour

Psychodynamic Theories1. Psychosexual theory Freud (1905)2. Psychosocial theory Eric Erikson (1963)3. Cognitive theory Piaget (1952)

Behavioral Theories1. Classical conditioning Pavlov (1927)2. Operant conditioning Skinner (1938)3. Hierarchy of needs Maslow (1963)4. Social learning theory Bandura (1954)

58. For an avulsed tooth, best medium for transportfor long time is

A. Patients salviaB. MilkC. WaterD. NaCl solution

Answer:B. Milk

Reference:Journal of Investigative and Clinical

Dentistry (2011), 2, 16

Explanation:

Saliva lower osmolality not suitable

Water Hypotonic causes cell lysis

NaCl Lacks the essential nutrients

59. In serial extraction procedure if maxillary 1 stpremolar is extracted then maxillary canine

erupts in direction ..

A. DownwardB. Downward backwardC. Downward forwardD. Forward

Answer:B. Downward backward

Reference:Shobha Tandon, /E, p. 475

Explanation:

The permanent canine is placed labially in thevestibule. The space created by extracting a

premolar is being occupied by canine for which

it takes a downward and backward direction.


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)COMMUNITY DENTISTRY

60. Determination of periodontal disease inepidemiological survey is done by using

A. Gingival Index (G.I.)B. Plaque Index (PL.I.)C. Periodontal Index (P.I.)D. None

Answer:C. Periodontal Index (P.I.)

Reference:Soben Peter, 4/E, p. 328

Explanation:

Russells periodontal index was given by A.LRussell in 1956

It was developed over a trial period of 10 years It is a composite index measures both

reversible and irreversible components.

PROSTHODONTICS

61. In full tooth borne dentures occlusal reststransmits -------- % of occlusal forces to teeth

A. 50%B. 70%C. 80%D. 100%

Answer:D. 100%

Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 97, 223

Explanation:

Prosthesis entirely supported by teeth e.g.Kennedy class III arches derive full support

from the remaining teeth. Since the remaining

ridge does not offer support it may be recorded

in its anatomic form.

62. Most appropriate pontic design isA. It should fill the missing teeth areaB. Greater lingual embrasureC. Should contact mucosa completely and

Should not irritate it

D. None of the aboveAnswer:B. Greater lingual embrasure

Reference:Shillingburg, 3/E, p. 487; Rosenstiel, 3/E, pp.

628, 629

Explanation:

Pontic contact with the ridge should becompact facial to the crest of the ridge slightly

wider mesiodistally at the facial and narrower

at the lingual aspect.

Tissue contact must resemble the letter Twhose vertical arm ends at the crest of the

ridge. The facial ridge adaptation is essential

for natural appearance

63. The use of stress breaker in modern dentistry, isavoided because

A. It affects abutment moreB. It affects alveolar ridgeC. It affects both abutment and alveolar rideD. None

Answer:B. It affects alveolar ridge

Reference:Mc Crackens,/E, pp. 10-11, 140-142

Explanation:

It affects the alveolar ridge because most stressbreakers effectively dissipate the vertical

stresses, but this is at the expense of reduced

horizontal stability (excessive ridge resorption,

tissue impingement).

64. Peripheral seal in complete dentures is done forA. Posterior palatal sealB. Functional moulding of sulcus areaC. StabilityD. Retention

Answer:B. Functional moulding of sulcus area

Explanation:

Border molding is a process by which theshape of the border of the tray is made to

conform accurately to the contours of the

buccal and labial vestibules. This essential

requirement of the trays fit ensures an optimal

peripheral seal.

65. Guiding planes are used forA. Assuring predictable clasp designB. For path of placementC. Path of removalD. Parallelism of abutment teeth

Answer:B. For path of placement

Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 215

Explanation:


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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Guiding planes are parallel surfaces of the

abutment teeth that direct the insertion and

removal of a partial denture. So Probable

answers could be B, C or D. But the Most

Suitable answer is B.

66. When there is a prematurity in centric occlusionbut not in eccentric or other movements then

reduce

A. Cusps of opposing teethB. Opposing fossa & ridgeC. Cusp inclines of that toothD. Tooth structure of that tooth

Answer:C. Cusp inclines of that tooth

Reference:Winklers, 2/E, p. 26; Bouchers, 12/E, p. 410

67. Design of F.P.D. in which forces will be least iswhen

A. At different forces are angled from long axisof abutment

B. Parallel to long axis of abutment toothC. Bucco-lingual width of pontic is less than the

natural tooth

D. Both B and CAnswer:B. Parallel to long axis of abutment tooth

Reference:Rosenstiel, 4/E, p. 92

Explanation:

Forces directed along the long axis of abutmentare most favorable

68. Lateral shift (Bennett movement ) influencesA. Faciolingual position of teethB. Mesiodistal Position of teethC. BothD. None

Answer:D. None

Reference:Okeson

Explanation:

Bennett movement influences the cuspal heightand the groove direction.

69. Heal raising effect of dentures is due to nonfunction ofA. Indirect retainerB. Occlusal restC. Direct retainerD. Major connector

Answer:A. Indirect retainer

Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 112

Explanation:

An indirect retainer is that component whichhelps resist rotational and or displacement of a

RPD, as a result it is located on the side of the

fulcrum line opposite the denture base. The

indirect retainer is essential in class I and II

RPDs. Because of its position it minimizes the

rotation that occurs when the dislodging forces

is placed on the distal extension base.

70. If maxillary upper molar is extended intoedentulous space of mandibular molar, what is

the procedure of bridge preparation

A. Extraction of maxillary molar & bridgepreparation

B. Adjusting the maxillary molar to requiredocclusal plane and the proceeding with bridge

preparation

C. Preparing the bridge according to the presentocclusal conditions

D. NoneAnswer: B. Adjusting the maxillary molar to

required occlusal plane and the proceeding with

bridge preparation

Reference:Shillingburg, 3/E, p. 85

Explanation:

If an opposing tooth intrudes into theedentulous space it is not enough just to

replace the missing tooth, to restore the mouth

to complete function free of interferences it is

often necessary to restore the tooth opposing

the edentulous space. In severe cases this may

necessitate the devitalisation of the supra

erupted opposing tooth to permit enough

shortening to correct the plane of occlusion.

71. Coronoid process will impinge onA. Buccal flange of maxillary dentureB. Buccal posterior part of mandibular dentureC. Lingual extension of mandibular dentureD. Palatal extension of maxillary denture

Answer:A. Buccal flange of maxillary denture

Reference:Bouchers, 12/E, p. 85

Explanation:


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Documents

1.Aiims Dental 2001 May