-1840 6. anpHn 1986.

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12

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HepBBHOnpasHOCT pasHonpasH111x cnosa

j e n 111p1Mll4U,a C8Mu cpnCHa, Hl'1Tlt1 je 118Tlt1Hlt1U,8 lt1CHJbY4111BO xpsaTCHa : o6a m1cMa paBHOnpaBHO npeACTBBJbajy Hy11rypHO fi11aro CBll1X Hapo.iJ,a ,HOj"1 rosope cpnCHOXpBaTCHll1M_je31t1KOM ·

CTAPO, .UA Jll1: U B E'UITO n.11CMO : M.11P OC.1JABJbEBO J E BAH'E>EJbE

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eh ,!J/MmMa fllH'­

Ta.H>a , 'O hMlpi11'~ He cy6e •alKT)'e'JIIHIOCT.

)la JllJ.1 ·~H!Jli~a .~l1l'-te 11'1'Jm1i •ce iIIO­TUCKyje? )la HK!je, M'Ol1KIIJia<, IIIQt!eJLa ~ y cT>y:na .csaje 1MecTo 3ax.aa.Jbyj!)"h.H JI:W<i­HOlj 1KOMiO~j°M TIO- · je,n,wHa~a Koj,w :i<:o­,p }l)r.i.rh:eH>e •.nisa 1mr­CMa c:Ma7ipaJj/ JIYK­Oyl30 M 1Hi~O'Ilpe6Hi00' .ll;B OC'l1pyiKi01" •HatLqpt!-38:lba? )la JllH j e, Haj3a'.~ JlJIRHa ICJE0-6on:a -ortp.MeJbJma­a:.a a a 'j'e)l)Ho •Ol.D; .Pisa rr11CMa y 1IDp~a'IlHOIM

)!011BOTy CMMII.llJbaHQ HJJJIH 1He'M1alJ)'O.l\t qp!O •

_n.p.11a J1 y 'Ji<31BHre ·f(IHlc:rmt:I'Y:I.µ!!j:e J<!oj e mt MopaJie ,na ce Ue3 rOCT.a''I"Ka 6\PH<HY 3a )l)OCJI.e'll,Hy :paB'HOillpa<BlHIOiCT? Ji1 '110 y :BSK

aa lllTe'J1Y - hl1lp1YLJIM!1.te? J aBHO I'OBOpeH>e 0 tll1pl1JI~, 0 paB­

HOnpaBHOCT.11 ,naa n11cMa nocne,nl'bHX ,nsa,neceTaK .n;aHa HJ1je BJ1llle 3aKJIOH>e­HO onpaa,naH:oeM .n;a je o aaj,z:i;e.nl1K!:lTIDl.­jHM crsapwMa Haj6oJbe li:yTaTH. Ba'tp1.di J osaHoa.11h , ,n;eneraT y CKyru.uTHHH Jy­rocnas11j e H3a:'3Bao je JKeCTOKO pearo-

, BaH>e HeKMX ,r(pyr~x: ,!J;eJieraTa ff HOBM­Ha ofi11M mTo j e -0 riomcimBaH>y l'iH·PM­JIH!l'e peKaD. 3amTO je TaKO I'OBOpHO y CKymnTmm? ·

- B°j'lnyim ;n;a 1;1e !CaiBe1'31Ho mtrj,ehe, 213. cpe6pyapa, y caoje 3BKJbyqKe o OTKJla­'!-MlH>Y y3p0Ka nptmy,!.l;HOr ucen.aBaH>a KOCOBCKOMeTOXHjCKHX. CJ?5a ff nplfOI'O­pana yH:wj eJio H cTaB o noWToBaH>y y ­CTaBHe -O,!.l;pe.n;5e 0 paBHOnpaBROCTff je-3HKa ff mfCMa - IIITO je 5HO pe3yn:raT MOj f1X HCTynaH>a y .,!J;Ba . Maxa rrpoTHB ~HcKpHMMHaqHje y CATI ~ocosy cpn­cKo-npHoropcKor HanuoHanHor· rmcMa }mpMJIHUe - cMaTpao caM ,!J;a oe lie MO.?Ke 3aol5uhu t.tHH>eHmla .na .f e cMTya­rrnja c hupHJIHUOM y CP BuX u CP XpaaTcKoi cJIMt.t~a oHoj ·v OAn Koco­sy, "fl TO caM. ce yajepuo npom.rror n.e­Ta o6HJia3ehu KPafeBe Cl' BHX y KO­iMMa caM P'BTOBao 1941 . 1942. 'ff 1943. rorrn:He Kao !5opaq Tipse nponeorepcxe 6our~!r~. Bir11Mo caM .zta Ha Jasmm · Mier-'T'uMa n0Tny1!0 iroMKR:n&l lllPrmm..:. ua hunu.rnme r o'T'oBo H HeMa H _na v Knai1>BUMa C:'P 'X',.,saTcKe M'emoawror ..;,..,"""...,.~~!l'Rnr· ,.::!<,..,.R"''l -~ ~4·e . earM rmomao. HeMa HTA f.eJJHOr . Ha'l'TTHCa HS

nli;:i. mt'O!R. Deh U<:1('.JhvtmBO Ha mtTM­

RlfT!ff - neKao RaM fe o csoimvr Mom­B:l'IW' l=\.,'l'tmh JOBSHOBH!l..

:Beli ttR caMoj cenmnm v .Tosaaoau-

6. anp~n 1986 - Hi.'IH

CJIOB O,L\A Y KOPHUIT-,.ElbY TIO,L\PA3YMEBA PABHOIIPABHOCT : ,L\P .IJ:PAro 'B.Yll:J11\. M .IJ:P MMJIAH llIHTIKA

:iKElHe cy JOBCIJH!OBH­heae 1p e".ll:11 y HeKJl1lM HOB;J11HaMa. K01MeH­TC11pM y ,,Bjec:Hl11K1J" ", ,,rI,o6je,n;vr" .v.r ,,OcJI:o 6ol)e:a.y", Tpil11Ma JliH

CTOB1l1JM1a 0,1.l; KIOd HX

c e j e:,1.J;aH IllTaMn a JTCIJTl1lHJJ11~01M, JllP~rM

h>11pMJI,l1lLl)01M, a 'l'p e­hvr H a -0i5a IUl'OMa, CJJ!e)JJ111JI a cy '!1par J-0 B C1JHIOB1l1lheae 3a6pvr­HYTOOTH H Jf<:yCTpi>1-

H e aJIM ~3 .DJP'YI'Or OMElpa - OHO ill'Ilo j e OH HaGBa-O Il!O·rl1-

lieae MOTHBe H HCTHHHTOCT lberOBMX K a3HBaI-b a nocyMlbaJia cy 'IeTMpM ,n;eJie­raTa. ,Il;aojYiu;a H3 CP EvrX TBP.IJ:HJia cy ·

,n;a cy TIHCMa y lbHXOBOj peny5JIMIJ;H TIOTIT)"HO paBHOiliPaJBiHJa, je)J)aH p;eJieraT l1l3 CP X.paaTCKe j ·e pei1rno p;a je iPeY: o ,,.n;o6pOBOJbHOM o,n:pHu;alby 0,ll liHpHJIJi!­J..\e" ,n;oK je ,1.J;pyr11 npH3Hao ,n;a ,,MMa H ,n;eavrj au;wja" .

- E wo caM 3anar-beH OHHM lllTO caM tiyo - peKao HaM j..: JoaaHOBHli - jep c a M c e Henocpe,n;Ho yajepvro ,n;a j e liM­P.HJI.liru;a IIOTHCHyTa, a HMao caM J1 no­,n;aTKe Case3Hor 3aao,n;a 3a cTaTHCTHKY Q yI,116eHl1lilj.JiDMa H ja:BH111M rJi aC'HJI J11Ma Y!.3

KOjHX jacHO npOH3HJia3tt ,n;a je ,ll;H­CKpHMHHHCaHa.

Jolll Jf{eruh.MM ocnopaBalbMMa Y!3JIO-

CI(,l1JB 8ifbElM H .D;J11C­I<:pl1lMJJ11HatUJl11jOM OHl11 cy B1:vr,n;eJii11 KHO JJJO­CJiei)JJHIOICT ·y OCTBCllpl1lBa1Ib'Y rryiae paBHO­IlipaBIH01C'.CH. Ha,1.l; J oaaHJoa:rnheiay 3aJ5pH­HyTocT 3a hY11pv~Jlll11I.zy CTaiBiHJllH .oy yI]H'r HJJ1ll(,e 'l1 Y1CKJU1!' IHHKe CBOj•e 3·a16ip1HH)'TOC­'I1H 3a J ,OIBClJHOBl1lha. Beh nocJie HexoJI1tt1K·o ,1.J;aJHJa MOrJIO ce 3aJK.JbY'U1JTM ;cr;a j e Be­ill'I'J11H1a aolj.eiha pa3roaopa o ,n;eJivuKaT­HMJM Te<MaJMa )liOIIaJia y HeiB{o)illTe, H El,1.l;e -

. JI:111KJaTHe pyKe.

J1V1Hrs1111-::;n11 rOBOPE Mo)!{e JIM ce o paaHonpaBHO.CTM 11.M­

pvrm·ru;e roaopMTH 6e3 ycvrjar-ba 11 cyM­ffiHqefha, 6e3 IlOJIJi!TH3Hpalba H OnTy­)!{HBalba, Mory JI.I/[ npejaKe peqM ycTy­nHTH MecTo ja'IliIM apryMeI-ITHMa? 3a o,n;roaop Ha TO ITHTaI-be o6paTHJIH CMO ce CTpyq1-baIJ;HMa y Eeorpa,n;y M Capa-

norucHyra u 3anywreHa Ko1-raq11-!'~ je, rmcJie ,L1el\e1rnje l.1:yra1-ba,

Tl1XOr, Bl1inec11pyKOr He3a,n;:OBOJbCTBa H 3a3upar·ba O,LI TeMe, rpyrra rraLUux eMl!­Hein'HMX crpy'-II-baKa ca <PaKyJITe-ra 3a 111PJi!IMerbElHY yMeTHOCT y Beorpa,Lly OTilO­qeJia 31-Ia'!ajaH H 3aH.li!MJbHB npoj eKaT

. ,,CpITCKa THUOrpacpCKa nHpHJIHL\a".

- PelllHJIH cM:o ,Lia HelllTO npe1-1y3MeMo 3aTo lllTO Hae Kao npocj:iecHOJ-IaJIL\e, 6pH­ne He6pvrra, 3arryUJTeH10CT na H 3aocra­

- JIOCT y pa3BOjy nHpv!JIH'-lHOf IIMCMa, Ka­' :a<e y pa3roaopy 3a Hli!H. CTjerraH <Pm1e­

KH; npocpecop i-1a cJ:JaKyJITeTy npHMe:i-be-Httx yMeTHOCTl1. . . .

0TKY/:\ OBa ,,ITOTHCHYTOCT" J1 ,,3anyuc­, TeHOCT" nMpHJil11.\e; f.\a Jll1 3aTO lllTO j e

Malhe cpyHKL\HOHam-ia, Mathe Jierra, Ka1rn • HeKl1 MHCJie?

- Heny ,Lia onoapraaaM 1i;a je JiaTlil­m111a Jieno n11cMo, 1-1a je y M1-wro '-JeMy caBpllleHa, 1-1a je cpyHKL\:l'IOI-IaJIHa H p11T-

- Ml1'-JHa. - . Ty nHpHJIHL\a 3aOCTaje, aJil1 MOpaM 1-1a HCTaI<I-IeM )J;a nHpHJil1!.J;a Hl1je MaI·be Jieno nvreMo. IlorJie1-1aje caMo To Hawe KYJITYPHO HaCJiel'je! - TBP)J;H npo­cj;Jecop <P11JieKH.

l1Ma OBO IIHCMO, HapaBHo-;- 11 MaI-bKa-BOCTvI, o6jawH>aBa .oi-r : '-IaK ,L1eBeT 3Ha­

- KQBa HeMa pa3BHjeH¥ MHHYCKYJIY, KaT<O . ce TO CTPY'IHO rrn:l:Ke, 3a MaJIO CJIOBO . . JlaTl1Hl11.\a HMa Ca°MO neT TaICBHX CJ!OBa.

Ilpocpecop. 06jalll·1-basa ',n;a je oao BpJio : BaJf{HO l1 ecTeTCK_O- 11 cpyHKL(110HaJIHO ITH­

Tal:be: IlHCMO 'je ,p •rpoMaIIIHHje, HeMa ,n;o­. I-be 11 ropH>e npo1-1y:J:KeTKe. CneL(HjaJIH!1M

UCV!XOJIOUJKHM TeCTOBJ1Ma e:KcrrepMMeH-

HlllH - 6. a~p11n 1986.

TaJIHO j e YTBpljeHO 1-1a OBJ1 ,LleJIOBl1 CJIOBa 6MTHO YTH'-!Y Ha. 6p3HHy 'IHTaH>a, )J;a ce, HapaBHO, OH/:\a lllTHBO JiaKWe naMTl1, 6p­)l(e yY:vr ..•

,,3anywTeI-IOCT" l1 ,,He6p11ry" OKO li.11-pV!JIHL\e npocpecop cPMJieKH o6j awI-bam1 '-!11H>eHl11.\0M 1-1a je OBO llHCMO, roTOBO CBe lllTO J1MaMO, ,,npeBO/:\ ca Jia'l'J1HHL(e" y C'I'HJICKOM CMl1CJiy.

Ml1 3anpaBO HeMaMO HHjef.\HO ayTeH­TH'IHO T11IlOrpacpcKO llHCMO HaCTaJIO y OBOj 3eMJbH. CBe cy TO II03ajMHL\e. OT­KaKO ce nojaBHO ByK 11 01-1 H>eroBe pe­cj:iopMe npaBOUHCa, Ha li.J1p11JIH'!HOM UH­CMY ce H11ll1Ta 03611JbI-mje HHje ypaf.IHJJO, 3a.KJby'!yje npocpecop <l>HJieKl1 . . .

'-!me ce l1 y yMeTI-m'-IK11M aKa1-1eMMjaMa rOf.\HHaMa HCKJbY'-!HBO pa1-1HJia J1aTHHl'11.\a H TO je CBaKaKO je,n;aH O)J; pa3JIOra lllTO je OBO UHCMO, KaKO npocpecop Ka:>Ke, ,,::J<l­

fDOCTaBJbElHO H 3aITyWTeHo" . '-Iri eMO O,L\

J1CKYCHOr npocpecopa )J;a 'je 3aHeMapirna­lhY Harner CTapor UHCMa f.\Ollpm-reJIO H TO lllTO y OCHOBI-ll1M lllKOJiaMa Bl1llle HeMa OI~or npe,n;.Me-ra KOj l1 ce MO:>Kf.\a noMa.rr-0 apx aH'IHO 3B ao ,.Jierw nHCar-be" . AJIH, TO je jOlll j e1-1Ha, BCpOBaTHO He HajBa:IB:Im j a H3r y 6Jber-ra 611nrn Hawe llIKOJie.

KpHBal\a HMa jow. Halli carosopHHK Ilp11'-Ia .o lllTaMITH Kaja je 01-1yrueBJbeHO np11xs aTHJia HeKe 3a1rnc1-1eJie THrrorpa(j:l­cKe MO/:\He TpeHf.\OBe H3 TPHf.\eCeTJi:!X l1 'IeTp1-1eceTMX l'O/:\HHa 11 HaCJIOBe UO'leJia )J;a nmrre MaJmM cJIOBWMa. Ty je M Ham JIHCT HJ1H j e,n;aH O,!\ CYKPHBaL(a. ,,J1" y rJiaBH Halller JIHCTa je 3arrpaao Heno­CTOjeli.e CJIOBO, f.\BOCTPYKO HaonaKO JiaTH-

j eBy, JU1HrBHCTHMa KOj M cy CBOjy .n:e­JiaTHOCT H :iKHBOT ITOCBeTMJIH M3y'IaBa­H>Y j e3HKa H ITMCMa.

P 1a.31I101aa;paJI,H CMJO c ~p JJ:iparOM 'liy­IIMheM, Hay<rHHM caiBeTHJJillroOIM JifHCT.liITy­Ta 3a cprroKoxpaaTOKIH je3l1iK y Eeo1rpa,.. p;y, ~p ,Il;yillalH'OM J 01BHlheM, pe~Bl!i]MJM npocpecop oiM Ha <PMJIOJIOlillKJOIM cp,a,KyJI­TeTy y E eoripai,n;y H Ma["HJC~poM BpaHM­CJiaJBOM E .p5op!Ji!iheM, JI·l1lHil'BHCTO<M H rro­J]HTH'-IKMJM IP'ai.ri1Hl1lKOIM.

,IJ;1aa n JroMa KOj ,HJMJa oe cJiy:iKe Hapo,lliH cprrcKoxpa a TCKor j e3M'!Kor rro.n;prrj a y He'!eMy cy HecyMlbHBO paBHOnpaBHa: Ka,n;a j e pe"1 0 cpn CKOj KYJITYPH o5a Ta TIHCM a cy TaKO ,n;y5o Ko y !by yTMCHyTa .n;a ce MmKe p en11 j e,n;HHO To ,n;a cy o5a no,n;j e,n;HaKo H au;vroHaJIH a. 0 6a cy no­pe1K J110iM "1113 Il,p'llKe M o 5a ce xop.lillCTe y Beh.eM 6poj y ,n;p)!{aB a M CJiy)!{e MHOrMM Hapo,n;MMa YKJby'Iy j y nM 11 r-rnIIIa qeTvrpvr HCToje3W-IKa H apo,n;a n a cy, Ha Taj Ha­'-IMH, y nyI-!OM CMHCJIY P'2'-IH M MHTepHa­ou;ttoHaJIHa. ,,HapaaHo, Ta MHTepHau;no HaJIHa n11cMa cy npmrnrol)eHa cpmm­JI:OillIJKoj CTPJ'IKT'JlpH crp1IT1c roo,x:p:Ba11mrn.r je 3l1lKa, a aJKIO j e TaKO " - iKJa,)Ke B:pa1HH­CJiaiB Bp6oip111:fi ......,. ,,015a ITl11C1M1a 5vr MJo­;paJia, Y'3 CBY jpaJCTerJM1l!ll01cT 31HJa'!ett.a pe<fM, 'pa1B1HOOlipaBaH', ~ p alBHO­npa.BHa H!a u;eJIOIM QpillC.K;OXp!BaTO~OIM

je3H'-IKOM no.n;py 'Ijy, a TO 3H a'IM y '!e­THpM penyl:iJIHKe."

HaqeJIHO - .n;a. PaaHonpaBHoCT ,n;Ba nttcM:a yTBpljeHa je y YcTaBy Ccf>PJ, y ycTaB.liIMa TpH p eny6JIHKe . (Cp611ja,

HH'-IHO »N « KaKO TO Ka:l:Ke y lllaJIJ1 npo­cj;Jecop .

TvrnorpacpcKa KYJITyp a Har.a: j e, yon­lllTe y 3eB, Ha BpJIO HHCKOll( Hl1BOY, 3a­KJby'!yj eMO H3 pa3r OBOpa ca U03HaTV!M CTPY'IIhaKOM. J1aKO y OBOj o6Ji aCTJil HMa­MO J1: y CBeTy IT03HaTHX J1 n pH3HaTHX 11MeHa Kao lllTO je Ha n p11Mep JOBl11.\'1 BeJbos11n, 3a Kora npocj:iecop <Pm 1e1rn TBP,ll;V! 1-1a je 113Y3eTHO TaJieHTOBaH, MH 3a l-bl1X He 3HaMO. y Mel'jyBpeMeHy, ,!1;01{ He OTKpvrjeMo ,,name rope Jil1CT", oaaj MJiaf.111 '-IOBeK j e npBl1 npojeKTaHT Ul1CMa Haj ayTOpHTaTHBH11je CBeTCKe Tl1r!Orpa¢­CKe Kyne, aMep>:r'-IKe qmpMe I T C.

Ilpe1-1 Tl1MOM CTPY'Ilharrn (rrpocpecop <I>HJie1<11, npocj:i . Bor,n;aH K plllYin, ,JJ;pa­roJby6 Ka:acun. H JoaHL(a B eJboBvrn) Koju cy ce OKYITHJIH Ha npoj eKTY ,,CprrcKa Tl1-norpacpcKa nMpMJIHL(a", ca1-1a je 3Ha'Ia­j aH rrocao : c11cTeMaT113al\11j a HacJiel)a, peKOHCTPYKL\11j a cpncKe l:i.11pHJIJ11.\e, npe..o npojeKTOBaH>e UHCMa ... ,JJ; aKJie, HaCTall­Jbalhe TaMO r 1-1e CMO CTaJm y X I X BeKy. Ilpoj eKaT cy, ca3HajeMO, TOITJIO II03)J;pa­Bl1Jie CprrcKa arrn,n;eMM.i a rrayKa, M aTHL(a cpncKa, a o'IeKyje ce ;.i ~rnTepMjam-ra no­Moli. 3aj ef1HHL(e 3a Hay1>y CP Cp6Mje.

Mo:ac1-1a ne ce HeK11Ma y'l111-mTH ,n;a je ca)J;a, Ha npary XXI BeKa, Ka1-1a ce He­s epoa aTHO lllHpM I<OMnjyTepcKO ITMCMO, 3arrpaBO Ka.CHO 3a ,ll;OTepMBa:!be H rem•­paJIHY p eKO!-ICTPYKL(l1jy CTape .)J;aMe li11-P11JIHL(e.

Ha oBe f.\V!JieMe npocpecop CTjenaH <t>HJCeKH l'1Ma caJKeT H 'IHHH ce . npaBH O,[\rOBop:

- To j e Halli ,a;yr npeMa KYJITYPHO~ HaCJiel'jy. • c. ACT

13

Hawa TeMa: 3AWTO Y3MV14E liV1PV1nV1LJ,A

EMX M JJ;pHa fopa) H y ,n;B~ noKpajHHe y cacra:sy CP Qplfuilje.

IIpo¢ec-0p11 cy Heno1rnJie611BM: o5a ' nMCMa np!1Ila,n;ajy cpncKoj, u;pHorop­c:Kooj, MYCJIMMaHCKOj - .a y MCT0p11j­CKOM cMMCJiy J1 xpBaTCKOj - KyJITyp­HOj Tpa,n;mi;MjM. ,IJ;oMMHau;nja je,n;Hor MJIM ,n;pyror y pa3;rnqMTMM pa3,n;05JbMMa 3a­je,.zJllt>1l'ollKe J1'..JIIM •H :rroc•e6He l1CTOlptHje OBJ1X Hapo,n;a HMKa,n; Hl1je ,!l;OBeJia ,n;o IlOTITy­HOr IlOTHCKM·Batt:.a 5MJIO nHpHJIMIJ;e 5MJIO JiaTHHHu;e. 05a IlHCMa cy BeKOBMMa H Ha u;eJIOM cpnCKOXpBaTCKOM rosopHOM IIIOPJ?Y<rjy onCTajaJia yinoipe..u;o. ,ll;oKar.3a je 6e36poj.

- .D:rB•a ,I1!J1Jciu;a' 1,lJ;Ol)llYIUie' 'H'eiMJa:jiy rJ11C'!IO­

B eTHO MeCTO KO,!l; CBHX Hapo,n;a - HH Tpa,!l;HIJ;HOHaJIHO HJ1 ,n;aHac - aJIH ce HHje,n;aH o,n; J-bHX He MoJKe 03Ha'-IMTH KlBJO jeJllHi0'3(3IOY'ollHH - :HarniOIMH:i-be n:po­¢ ecop ,Il;yUiaH Jos11h.

Hwje !MIHO;ro noGHaTo, MiaKo jP. TO jom 1971. ro,n;ml'C n oTap,n;Mo ,n;p Boj11cJiaB

- 'BypMh, ,n;a je Ha HO'BIJ;Y KOjH je y

MorynHOCT yHoTpe5e o5a n11cMa,npa­so JIH'IHOr 1136opa H cJio5o,n;a ,n;a ce Jia'nJ1)H'.VJII~a :11 hil11p!HIJLHJ..\a <KJOiptM>eTe ,,o,n;as­~e ;np BjeltJJHOCTH", K;a/K.o KaJKe B ip60-fP'l!llh, HHje HWKa'K!.Blo 3JI·O. To j e - BeJn1 ,n:p JolBIMlfi - 6ora:TC'DBO Koj-e T1JptM1na1UJa OBJMIM 11-raipO,!JjY!IMa ,x.aj1vi: rOJBQpe C:pII!OKO­X:!)IB3T•OK:l1.

Y Cp611jH je ,n;yro :.amseJia MJiy3H}a ,n;a 611 •Ce He!KJl1l :r11pio161J:re;v1JJ1 y ·C\Plfl:CJ{OX\P­BaTCKOM je3HKY MOTJIM p ellIMTM pa,n;M­KaJI:HMJM pe30iM 'Y IH!eKoij apCTM pa3MeHe ,,:lKpTasa" c xpaaTCKOM KYJITypOM -y •aBJaJ1a11I>e e1Ka.B1M1IJ;e HJa ~eJI'OIM .rrpocro1py 111

o,n;p11u;mhe o,n; n 11p11JIMu;e. TaKO je HeKa­,n; a npe/:{Jiarao JoaaH CKepJI11li. TaKBH pa,n;.vi:KaJIHH pe30BH, KaTeropwrno TBp,n;e JIMHI1BMICTJ1 c :KOj·J1JMa CIMIQ 1pa3a:'•GIBaipiaJrH,

BHCY 5JllJIH peaJIHM HM OH,!l;a Ka,n;a cy n pe,n;JJarai-111 ,,a ,n;aHae 611 H caM TaKaB npen:Jior i1113a3Bao caif>JJa3aH".

KyJITypoJIOUIKH pa3JI0311 Ha n.pBOM MeCTY a.irn 11 Ha'!eJIHe npoKJiaMau;11je o pa!B1HJ01!]paiBIHOCT.J1 Il!MJCaiMJa O"tMJrJie,!l;l'llO TIO

B6BrB1iEHl8HJ HDJbJTIHlbOnPG Tl\YclJHUquw .IlOJIJ1TJ1KA" KAO J1HCI1l1PAIJ;l1JA: CTJEITAH CJ>J1JIEKH

H JbETOBA A3BYKA

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CPHCKO KAHUEJIAPl1JCKO I111CMO M3 1759: KAJIHfPA<t>MJA 3AXAPl1JA 0Pcf>EJI11HA

ro,n;yjy 0'-1ysa1-by H Herosa1-by o5a n11-cMa. PaBHOTeJKa je, 11naK, y npaKcM HapyweHa: liHpHJIHu;a t"2 nocJie,n;Ib11X ,n;eu;e1urj1a oo·e IMa:Ihe 1KO!plJ11C"I"H, JraTJ11H~ ocaaja H - Ty Kao ,n;a ce Hl1IlITa He MJO:lKe. Ko-JIMXO je Ta:j IIp01IJ;ec .cTIOHTalH, KOJIHKO je J113pa3 CJI050,n;He BOJbe H H-3:501pa a KIOJI·mw, rra1K, Ol!Jlpa1K'aa:ia Ot!IJHO­ce ,n;sejy KYJITypH11x a y eKCTpeMHHM CJIY'-Iaj eBHMa J1 Hau;110HaJIHHX . UOJIHTHKa

' Koje ce HCKa3yjy y OTBOpeHOM, Matt:.e ·OTB10ip·eli'OM /11JI1J1 n;pMJI{piHIBeJH'OIM B»i,Zl;y?

JlaKUie j-2 o5jaCHHTM CilOHTaH TaJiac npo,n;11patt:.a JiaTm-rnu;e y no,n;py'Ija y KOjHMa ce p aHHje s11we ynoTpe5Jbasa­Jia li11pumn-1a Hero o,n;roHenryTH TajHy

cpe,n;tt:.eM BeKy Kosao CTeBru-1 IIpsoaeH­'!aH11 OCHOBHa 03HaKa ape,n;HOCTl1 11cn11-CHBaHa Ha o5a IT11CMa - liHp~JIMIJ;l1 ~ JiaT11Hl1IJ;l1. ,,Ben 1Ta,n;a JiaTHH11u;a Hl1je 611Jia npoJJa3aH rocT y cpncKoj KYJITY• pH" - K-OMeifrapucao je EpaHKO Ep60-p11l:i.

~-li111p111m1 u,a y CCCP ------------------

Ha MHOTHM CTap11jJ1M 11CT0pHjCKMM H

KYJJTYPHMM cnoMeHHIJ;HMa Ha TJiy Xp­BaTcKe Ha~eH11 cy 3ailMCH - liHpMJIH• IJ;OM, O,!J;HOCHO je,n;HOM BC',pM.jaHTOM TOr llHCMa.

,,QiA.AIB,D.1E AO BJ1E4HOCTW' Mso AH,n;pHli je 3an11cao ,n;a ra je

pai,n;o<Ba.rr.a ,,Jierra J13MeJ.1.I1aH101cT hiH\pM\JI:M~e M Jia'J'HHHu;e Ha capajeacKMM YJIMIJ;aMa" ,!IOK je KpJie:lKa, KaKo je cse,n;oq110 Ma­Te JlOH'Iap, HeCTpilJbl1BO HllI':IeKHBao ,n;a ce tt:.erosa ,n;eJJa o5jase li11p11JIHIJ;OM. .D:0Mali11 MYCJIMMaHH cy cse ,n;o 1908. ro,n;utte (MJia,n;oTypcKe peBOJiyu;Mje) nH­caJIH HajBl1llie nMpMJIHI_\OM. IlOBpeMeHO Jian:IJHMIIJ;OIM H:Jil1 aipaiTIOK:l11M []~OMOIM, a .Ha

II;p!-m>I101[J'OKOIM IJjQ)llpytrjy cy ce '!eCTO ~ ,!111pMB3J111 TaJiacH JiaTHI-U1'IHMX HaJieTa ca np11Mopja H cTpyjatt:.e liupHJIHu;e J13 D;eTHJba M THTorpa,n;a (II0,n;rop11u;e).

HM 'liM.p~a, .n;aKJie, 'HIJ1lje Il!POJiaGaJH rocT y KYJITypM Hapo.n;a cpncKoxpBaT­cKor je3H'IK-Or no,n;pyqja. Hu Ha TJIY XpBaTcKe.

14

csy11a1 Y3 (Cnel.\>fjaJIHO 3a H.l1H Oi1 /10!1l1CH.HKa Taujyra)

CosjeTCKa HayKa je M ,n;aJbe pe3eps11-car-rn 1rn,n;a pa3MaTpa nnTalbe HacTaHKa cJioBeHcKor, noce6Ho pyc1ror nHcMa. -,[(o ,n;aHac - TBp,n;e OB,!1;3Illlbl1 JIUHrBl1CTl1 -Hl1je npeIJ;l13HO YTBpl:)eHO Hl1 Ka,n;a ce IIO­jaBMJia I111CMeHOCT KO,ll; CJIOBeI-Ja, Hl1 KaK­BO je 611JIO lbl1XOBO npBO IIUCMO. Y3 TO, TBP,!1;11 ce .n;a je KOHCTaHTl1H <l>11JI030tj;l (MOHa!llKO 11Me K11p11JI) cacTaBMO je,D;l1H­CTBeHy a36yKy, a .n;o .n;aHallII-bMX ,n;aHa cy ca"IyBaHe .n;se HajcTap11je cJtoBeHCKe a3-6yKe - nl1p l1JIHIJ;a J1 rJiarOJbl1IJ;a.

y npBO BpeMe 11 y PycMjH cy ce KO­pJo!IC'l1l1Jia o6a OBa CJIIOBeHCKa IIHCMa.

T"l.11Pl1Jil1IJ;a je y Pyc11j11 no"IeJ:ia !llupo~ KO .n;a ce np11Melbyje nocJie yBol'jelba x pl1IllnaHCTBa, 988. ro,n;uHe. HeKM COB­jeTCKM Jll1HrBl1CTJ1 TBp.n;e ,n;a je TIMCMe-1-IOCT IlOCTOjaJia M npe Tora 11 HaBo,n;e apxeoJIO!llKe ,!l;OKa3e. AJil1 11 OBO je TIM­TU.1-he KOje jO!ll 3aXTeBa TeMeJbl1TO Hay<-L­HO 11CTpa}KJ1BaI-he.

Pa3BOj pycKe nl1pMJIMIJ;e Guo je ,n;o no­"IeTKa 18. BeKa yrJiaBHOM CTl1XJ1jHl1, UaKO OB,D;allllb11 Hay"IH11IJ;H TBp.n;e ,n;a ce ,.n11-CMO HenpecTaHo pa3Bl1jaJio y CKJia.n;y ca pa3sojeM pycKor je3MKa". O.n; IIeTpa Be­JIHKor no"!11lbe pecflopMa n11cMa. OH je cnP,oBeo npBy pecflopMy 1707-1710. ro-

\

,D;HHe 11 caM je 611pao o6nl1K cJioBa 33 npBy rpa}JaHCKY a36yKy. IIocJie Tora y 11CTOM BeKy AKa,n;eMMja HayKa je cnpo­BeJia jO!ll TpH pecflopMe, ,D;OK je COB­jeTCKa BJiacT Henocpe.n;Ho nocJie OKT0-6apcKe peBOJiyu;11je np11xBaTHJia ,n;y6Jby pecflopMy Hl1CMa 11 npO!lll1pl1Jia nMpMJil1IJ;Y .n;aJierrn H3BaH rpaH11u;a peny6JIHKa . ca CJIOBeHCKl1M }Kl1BJbeM.

,,lllwpelbe nl1pl1JI11IJ;e" 3BaHl1"IHO ce TY­Ma"Il1 Ha cJie,n;eliH Ha"I11H: nocJfe oKTo-6apcKe peBoJiyu;11je M rpa}JaHcKor paTa MHOrH Hapo.1111 KOjH cy YllIJil1 y cacTaB CCCP H11cy MMaJI11 n11cMeHocT11, ,n;oK cy HCK11, 11CTMHa, l1MaJIM CBoj y Ill1CM€HOCT aJIM je Otta 611Jia ,,113rpa}JeHa Ha Ty}Joj j€311"IKOj OCHOBl1".

TaKo je ynope,n;o ca ,.MJia,n;11M je311IJ;11-Ma" aBapCKl1M, 11H,D;YllIKUM, "IYKOTCKMM M ,n;pyrMM - nl1pl1JIHIJ;a IlOCTa.Jia OCHOBHO n11cMo 11 3a HeKe cTape HaIJ;Hje nonyT Y36e1rn, K11pr113a, Ka3axa M .n;pyr11x cpe.n;lhOa311jCKl1X Hapo,n;a KOjY! )KJ1B€ y CoBjeTcKoM CaBe3y.

MCTl1Ha, ,,KJiaCl1"IHa nl1pl1JIJ1IJ;a" je np11-J:iaroljeHa je3l1IJ;l1Ma OBl1X HaIJ;11ja, na cy .n;o.n;aTa 11 HeKa CJIOBa KOja M3pa:>KaBajy cneIJ;l1tj;ll1"IHe rJiaCOBe y TMM je311IJ;l1Ma. Bpoj HOBl1X CJIOBa - npH,D;o,n;aT li.11p11-Jil1'-IHl1M - Kpelie ce o,n; je.n;aH ,n;o ocaM, 3aBl1CHO o.n; je3.l1Ka. ,IJ;pyrHM pe'-IHMa, no­pe.n; 33 CJIOBa pycKe a36yKe, .n;o,n;aTo jt;?

I

6. anp1M1 1986 - HVIH

~~~~==-,,,-,~~==-=----------··------- ------

111!LCMO POK-rEHEPAll,.11JE: rPA<l>l1Tl1 HA BEOI'PA,!J;CKMM YJIMUAMA ,.JIEilA J13MEUIAHOCT" IIJ1CAMA: EAJIKAHCKA YJ1l1~ Y EEOrPA,ll;Y

0 ycMepeHMM rro,n;CTM1l,ajMMa KOjH TOMe cJiy:ace. J e,n;HoM ce cJiy:arnMO o6jalllH>e­HoeM ,n;a ce KOpMlllneH>eM caMo je,n;Hor IlMCMa (JiaTMIU11l,a) lllTe,n;M, .n;pyrM rryT Me9yHapo.n;He KOHBeHll,Mje HaJiaJKy o6a­Be3Hy, yrroTpe6y JiaTMHMll,e Ha rryTeB11-Ma (03m11Ke M!ecTa), IE11cah11:x MamJ11Ha .ca hil1!p1l1'JI:J1"11HJJ1JM OJI!OB1J11Mia Je •Heapa:31Meip HO MaHoe, KOMnjyTep11 cy no,n;ellleHM Ha JiaTMHl11l,Y, rrpo,n;op eHrJiecKor je3l1Ka M

po6e ca 3arra,n;He rrpol13BO.n;He xeMM­

ccpepe ,n;mroc11, y3rpe.n;, 11 .n;OMl1Hau11jy JiaTl1Hl11l,e - cBe je TO CJie,n; HeyMl1THl1X 3611BaH>a. illTa MM jolll cJie.n;11?

E•zorpa.n;cKa TeJreB11311ja BpaT11Jia ce .n;eJIMMIW'IHOj - yno11pefor JiaTMRl111* He1m­JI.l11KO ro.n;11Ha nocJie caipaj eEiaKe K·Od a,

,n;o.n;yllle Cl1M60Jil1'IHO, y,n;apHy eM11c11jy ,,.Z:hre:B:Hl11K" .HaM:3Mett:wi;rno I-LajaBJbyj.e ;;:I h1111p11:Jil1ill)OM. Ma.p1<ieTl1lH1r pa:,DJHMX opira

yKynHo 3a cse ,,HoBe je311Ke" jorn rre­,n;eceT pa3J1wun11x 3HaKOBa 113 qera 11po-11311Jia311 ,11a HOBa ,,COBjeTCKa hl1pl1Jll11l,a" ,gaHaC l1Ma 'IaK 83 CJIOBHa 3HaKa.

OB"J,.- Kpymrn ,,pecpopMa" npso611THO je 611J1a I-JaMe1-be1rn J1aT111u11l,l1. ITocJJe rpa­l)aHcr<or paTa H OKTo6apcKe peBoJ1yu;11je HOBa n11cMa cy 611J1a cacTaBJbeHa Ha oc­HOBY JlaTl1Hl11l,e, aJJl1 je TO Tpl1,n;eceTl1X ro.n;mrn 611J10 3aMeH>eno u h11p11J1111l,a je nocTaJla OCI·IOBa 3a Ill1CMa. Jll1HrBl1CTl1 cy (He Tpe6a 3a6opaBl1Tl1 ,11a je 11 CTaJbHH rm1cao o J1•11JHrB'HCTVCLl)l1) .11MaJ111 caaj e 06-j arnlliellie: JiaT11HcKa a6e11e.n;a 11Ma 26 CJIOBa, a h11pMJ1l11l,a 33, 0,llHOCHO 25 o.n;­CTO BMIIIe, WTO npy}Ka Behy MOryhHOCT a M He ,llOBO,lll1 ,llO pa3nl1Ka y O,!l;HOCY Ha a.mJ.Ja6eTe HajMHoro6poj1-111j11x 1-rapo,11a CCCP (Pyca, Y 1<paj111-1a1.1a 11 BeJJopyca) .

JlaTl1Hl11\0M l1 ,11aHac 11l1WY Hapo,1111 y TPl1 COBjeTCKe nptt6aJITl1'·!Ke peny6JIMKe - Jl11TBl1, JlaTs11:j11· 11: EcTOIIMjM. 01-IM, TaKol)e, J1Majy Heirn ,ll011YHCKa CJIOBa (JJa­TlilWKJ1 j e3J1K ;iaK 11).

J epMeHH l1 fpy3J1Hl1 KOpl1CTe CBOje CTapo 11J1CMO. JepMeHJ1, 'IHje IlMCMO !10Tl1-qe 11:3 393. ro,n;11He, Ka,11a cy np11M11:J111 xp11wha!-ICTBO J1 fpy3!1Hl1 'IMje 11l1CMO .n;a­Tl1pa 113 cpe,1111He 11. BeKa, ocTa.rr11: cy no CTpaHl1 O,ll h11:pMJ1!11l,e, BepoBaTHO 36or TaKBe Tpa,[1J11l,Mje CBOje 11J1CMeHOCTM.

IIocJJe OKTo6apcKe peBOJ1yu;11:je h11:p11-Jiwu;a je, Mel)YTMM, npeKopa'IMJia 11 con­jeTCKe rpaH11:u;e. MoHrOJIM Tarrnl)e rr11wy lil1pl1Jll11l,OM.

II! A.JIEKCAH;:J;AP HOBA 'IH'l\

HV1H - 6. anpV1.11 1986.

HM3au11ja c po,n;pyqja r,n;e ce rrpeTeJKHO yrroTpe6JbaBa nl1pl1JIMLia (y2Ka Cp611j a, l.\pHa fopa) o,n;aBHO je ,1.\0nyH>eH Ba­lKf!OM KOMITOHeHTOM - :fa OCBajaHoe jy­roCJIOBeHcKor TPJKl1lllTa Heorrxo,n;Ha je JiaTl(!Hl11l,a. Y }.\aKTl1Jiorpacp11jM cyBepe­HO BJia,n;a JilfTMHJ1Lia, }.\OK je y OCHOBHJ1M l1 cpe,n;H>MM' lllKOJiaMa ,ll;OMl1HaHTHa hl1-Pl1JIM1l,a.

KoJI11Ko jotu TaKBl1X rrp11Mepa? qaK M y Tpa,!IMI~MOHaJI1IO nl1pl1Jil1'-IKOj HO­Bl1HCKOj Kyti.11 ,,IIOJIJ1Tl1Ka" rrpaKca je ,n;a.JieK.o o,n; HeKa,n;aUIH>e j e,n;Hoa36y'!HO­CTM - o,n; TpHHaecT JIMCTOBa . rreT ce lllTaMna JiaTJ1HH1l,OM, ,,Ea3ap" M ,,IIO.JIJ1-Tl1Kl1H 3a6aB1-Il1K" Ha o6a !1l1CMa. y ,,BjeCHJ1KOBOj" Ky nrr - Hl1je,1.\aH ce He lllTaMrra nl1pl1Jil11l,OM.

Y BojBO,!ll1Hl1 MMa rpa,n;oBa y Koj11Ma cy yJI11ue 06eJI•2JKeHe caMO · JiaTl1Hl11l,OM. Y Iloo1rnpe.B.I.\y cy .ziiO !llpe .JJiBe-'I1pM ro­,!l;l1lHe OBM Ha3l1'BH y.rel1il~a Ol11JIIM nml!M1ca­HM JI:aTJ1'H'l1q{)M, caip;a iCCllM'O Tul1lpl11Jll1lIJiOIM. Ceu\[ y ipeTK:l11M .H3y3 ell!l11Mla hil1\,'Jll1iJI1l,a ce rrosJia'IM •l1lJI1M cyJKaiB.a >Ha aBe !Ml?:ff>e no­;:i;p' y<tje Ha iKQIMe j-e 6n.Jia ,!JJOtMWH'aJHTIH'a. .Il:OfllpMH'OCe TIO!Me M JiaTY.1'.i:Jif'-l:Hla 31pa1qe:fba Ha po611 11 rrporraraH,n;H11M rropyKaMa 113 1K:paj1Ema r .n;e j e .roaTJ1H1111u;a, ·rr.paiKTJ1!'IlIJO, je,n;HHO I1!1CMO.

HeMa cyMI-Le : l1Ma Jby,1111 Koj11 y3Ml1-LiaH>e hMpMJil11l,e ,D;OJKl1BJbaBaJ y Ca CTpax oM, a y crrojy ca H'23HaH>eM crpa­xoBaH>e 3a ,,CBOj e" Ill1CMO ,D;o:/Kl1BJbaBa .ce Kao cTpaxoBaH>e 3a oBojy EaIJiwjy. Tpe3BeHOCT 3HaJiaLia, Me9yT:11M, Bo,n;11 y ,n;pyroM rrpaBuy: aKo ce yrao rrocMa­TpaI-La Hallie j e3l1'-IKe rroJI11T11Ke 11 cpinaKe iKYITTTyipe cue;i:e .ua ·eK:aB.l1lIJ;Y :11

hl11P,MJI:l1lll,y - TO H::l<j"-remfie .!1 HMj e 1:11)3-1pa13 aprrcKor Ha.1~11J01H1aJil1131Ma 1Hero .aHTM:OpI?CTBa.

IIo,n;113aI-Le HeKor nwratba Ha Hl1BO 1Hau;rroHaJIHl1X ,o,!l;HOCa JJ'OIBpeM•t:IHIQo ,ll100J1-ja Te:1I{l1HY Kojy, 6ap 113 Tor yrJia rJie­,n;aH>a - He 3a·CJiy:acyje. - nmue M11p­KO U:apr.d'i 113 CapajeBa. Ta.n;a ce, xTeJI11 TO l1JIJ1 He, lll.11pOM OTBapajy BpaTa 3a pa3He eMou;.11je 11: noJIMT11::ivrpmha KOj a no rrpaB11Jiy He Bo,n;e o6j alllr-nei-ny rrpo-

6JieMa. Ll11Hrr ce ,n;a je OB" 5rro je,n;aH o,n; OCHOBHl1X pa3JIOra 3a He,[laBHO HeCKpM­BeHO w.:lHeHa:ljerhe y Ilpei.n;cei!l1Hll1!I.I.ITIB'J' Perry6Jil1'IKe . KOHcpepeHll,Mje CCPH EocHe 11 Xep1.1erOBl1He nocJie ,n;eJJeraT-. crrnr 1 rn·:!T·ar-ha EaTp11lia JoBaHoB.11lia y CKynlllTl1Hl1 J yrocJiaB11je o paBHonpaB­HOCT11 yITOTpe6e nl1pl1JIMI.J;e H JiaTMH.111l,e j ep j e, rrop e,n; ocTaJior, noMeHyra H oBa peny 6JI11Ka.

LJ:Ji ano•Bl1 PK CCPH B:aX O;:IJMax cy ce cJimmvnJI111 )lia Tpe5a pearoBa'I'l1, a.n:11 j e 1-reKoJirrKo qacoBa rroTpaj aJio BenaHoe Ha KOjl1 Ha'll1H TO BaJba y'Il1H.11T.11. <t>opM11paHa j e 11 noce6Ha KoMrrCMja KO­j a j e HOBl1HapvrMa ca'Il1Hl1Jia caonlllTe­.l-he y K0Me HHje ,n;aT KOHKpeTaH o,n;ro­BOp 3arnTo ce y EocH11 11 Xep1l,eroB11H11 Bl1W'2 yrroTpe6JbaBa JiaT11H11:u;a. EaTp11-hy J0Ba1HOB111:h,y je yrro.pe,n:o 3aJMepeiHo ,n;a cBoje rr11Ta.1-be H11je ynyT110 ,,Ha npaBy a,n;pecy", y3 TBp,n;H>y }.\a cy o6a n11cMa 11naK HajpaBHonpam-rnja y rrpaK­c11 yrrpaBo y EocHM .11 Xepu;eroBl1HH.

Orpy"llHlo .oojaiur.1-haBaijyil.11 oBaij ¢eoo·­MeH, y3 orpa,n;y ,11a j e TO ,,BeoMa cJio ­JKeI-IO M oceT Jbl1BO rr11TaH>e" ,n;p M11JiaH II111:rrKa, Hay'!HM caBeTHl1K y MHcTMTY­Ty 3a npoy'IaBa.1-be Hau;110~1a.JIHvrx o,n;Ho­ca y C aipajesy HUIBO,D;M .n.rnrne n.;::1::-yrvreaa­Ta, ME!lJY KOjl1Ma cy Ha IlPB.OM MeCTy KY JITYPHl1 11 I1'2,n;arolllKO-,u;11,n;aKT11qH11 pa3JI03!1. OH no.n;cena Ha ou;eHy ca 60-caHcKoxepL1eroBa'!Kor Ca6opa KyJIType KOj a 3acJiy:acyje TpajHy na:>KH>y:

- H acMo Ml1 rrpoKJi aMoBa.Jil1 paBHO­npa13>HOcT ,!lJB!ajy IIHCaMa .l13 Hef01X J"CKO

.1-ra1l,HOHaJIHl1X pa3Jiora, Hero, npvrje cBe­ra, 360r KyJITYPHl1X !10Tpe6a. J ep, ,n;y-60KO cMo yB j ep eHl1 ,n;a je y'leH>e 11 rro-3HaBaH>e ,n;Bajy m1'CaMa KYJITypHa ,n;o-611T, a He ry6rrTaK, ,n;a HOC!1 OTBapaHoe opeMa 1l,l1Bl1Jil13a1l,l1j aMa KOj e ce cJiyR{e .11 j e,n;HMM M ,n;pyr11M nMcMoM. M Hl1CMO CMaTpaJil1 ,n;a 6M Tp26a.JI0 Cp611 ,n;a IIJ1-wy ti.11p11Jil1LiOM, a XpBaT11 JiaTl1Hl1LiOM, Hero 11 Cp611 .11 XpBaTH 11 MycJIMMaHM ,n;a j e,n;HaKo 3Hajy 11 j e,n;Ho 11 ,n;pyro !1!1CMO M ,n;a 6y,n;y j e,n;HaKO OTBOpeHl1 l1 npeMa je}.\HOj M rrpeMa ,n;pyroj ll,l1B.l1Jil1-3au;11j11, yCJIOBHO pe'-!eHO - liupl1Jil1'lKOj M JiaTl1~1IM'IKoj.

illl1ITKa ..113 OBOra IlOHOBO J13BJia'lH 3aKJblY''IaK ·.u;a j ·e 'JTiiOTpe5a ,llJBajy mrea1Ma

13

Hawa reMa

npe CBerr'a CTB'a(p KyJirype, a He HJaI.V10-

HaJIHe nOJil1Tl1Ke, jep ce TOM nOJil1Tl1-KOM .n;pyIIITBO o.n;pel)yje npeMa CBOjoj yKynHoj Jil1TepapHoj Tpa.n;m.~11j11 Kaja ce y Hallll1M ycJIOBMMa T•2Me.Jhlif Ha o5a nMcMa.

TaKo r;re.n;aHo cMaTpa .n;p llIMnKa - .n;Ba cy n11cMa eJieMeHT ·3a­je,n;H11IIITBa HaIIIa· qeT11p11 je.n;1-roje311qKa Hapo.n;a, vr, r-rapaBI-ro, ocTam1x KO jMMa j'e cpncKoxpBaTCK11 MaTepr-I:.11 je3MK. To je "lMH cnajal-ba, a He no.n;BajaH>a M oKy­nJhar-J:.a oKo je.n;Hor 11Jil1 .n;pyroy n11cMa.

HY JITYPHO linArO

0Baj cTpyqffiaK yno3opaBa .n;a noT11-CK11BaI-be nl1pMJIMQe 11 CBe paIII11peH11j a ynoTpe5a JiaT11H11"1KOr n11cMa, HapO'I11TO y nocJie.n;H>e Tp11 .n;eQeH11je - HMjo.= HeKa oco5eHOCT cTaI-ba caMo y BocH11 11 Xep­QeroBl1HM, Hero ce Mal-be 11JI11 BMIIIe 3a­na::>irn 11 y .n;pyr11M cpe.n;MHaMa Ha cpn­cKoxpBaTCKOM je3MqKOM no.n;pyqjy. 1i:aK .J1 y D;prHJoj ropM, K!Oja ce TP1ll,llJHIIljWO!HaJI HO CMaTpa ,,Hajh111pl1:JT1W'f!K!1ljOM peny-5JrnKoM". llIMnKa no.n;cena Ha rro.n;aTKe l13HeTe Ha Hay'-IHOM cKyny y CapajeBy ,,J e3!1K l1 l-IaQ110HaJTHl1 0,!IHOC!1" r)'le .i--= y pecpepaTy BeJhKa M11noB11na 113 T11To­rpa.n;a pe'-reHo: ,,MaKo je npBo n11cMo Koje l)aK y I(pHoj fop11 nO'-Il1I-be yq11T11 n11p11Jil1Qa, 113 cpe.n;I-be IlIKO.Jie (rrpeMa 11CKYCTBY je)'IHOr 11HCITeKTOpa), OKO 70 0,!ICTO l-bl1X 113JTa311 ca JTaTl1HlifliOM Kao I111CMOM COITCTBeHOr 1135opa 11 CITOHTaHe npaKce." III11nKa ce TaKol)e cJia:IB:e ca Mwh0Bwfi.e1i:m1M 3aJKJbY'l:KOM ,rra j e ,,01B1aj I!l)0•5.JieM calMO VCJTOBHO cBe)'l,eH y rpa~-Dl1 Qe CP IJ;pure ro1pe, aJT:M je HCTO TaKO aJKTyema1H '11 3a ocTaJTl~ T'Pllif Jperi:y5.JI:l11Ke". 3aTO 511 ra, no je.n;Ho.n;yIIIHOj OQeHJ1 O­B J1IX Jn>I:HPBlif CTa Tp>e5:aiJllo eKCT€f PHTOIJJl1j a­JTlif 30B a TI1, .n;epeny5JTl1Ql130BaTI1. IlOTOM cy joIII nonaJT11: 11 n:eeMou110HaJT1130Ba­T11.

.IJ:pyru HMH-oB c aroBOpH11K M11po­CJiaB JaH'-mn. npe.n;ce.n;Hl1K C eKQ11je 3a KyJTTypy y Peny5JI11qKoj KOHcpepeHQ11-j11 CCPH B11X, o,n;Max yKaG'j'je .u.a ,u:Ba

rr11cMa H11cy HaQl10Hamrn Ben KYJITypHo 6JTaro J1 TeKOB:ar-ra C:BMX Ha>IIIWX HaipOAa 11 !'la ce Tarrn npeMa lbl1Ma MOpaMo o.n;­aoc1MT.vr. ,, II111cMa cy um:ipa 0.n; Ha:u;wja", Ka::>Ke JaH"l11li 11 no.n;cena Ha cTapy 11-3DeKy: ,,0cTaJ3111'Te je3.J1JK Ha M11py!" Il1%UDM0 ce He MO:IB:e ,, n p o-nwcrnBa 'I'M" , Beifi caMo ,,onHc11aaTH" . M no J aH'-mny je HajBaJ-KHl1je )'la .n;eua ,U05po HaY'-1'2 Y!

je.n;Ho J1 .n;pyro ITMCMO a ITOTOM je CTBap I-bl1XOBe CJI050)'1He npOQeHe 3a Koje n e ce onpe)'leJT11T11. IIponHc, .n;aKJie, Mapa .n;a Ba}KM CaMo 3a OCHOBHe IlIKOJie.

Y oBOM rrnrJie.n;y BocHa 11 Xepuero­B111Ha HJYrie HMKaKaB 1113y3eTaK, aJIM 3aTo

11 v OBoj peny5JIJ1lil1 ITOCTOj e 113y3•2u11: Y I'paX'OIBy, ITpY!IMepa pa,!V1, CB<a l11Mffilla Ha jaBHl1M MeCT11Ma Han11caHa cy u­CKJhyq11Bo n11pl1JTl1uOM. He)'laJieKo 0-,l:laT JTe, aKo ce Tarrn MO:IB:e peli.11. y JJ:yB­Hy .ie CBe Han11caHo JTaTHHl1DOM. y Tl1M MecT11Ma 3aj e.n;Ho }KMBe Cp5H, XpBaTM IIlTO ie 3acTyn.1heHO J1-CKJhY'-Il1BO je)'IHO TH1CMO.

• BEJIH3AP 3E~IEBH'l\

16

AH KET A

CTO 3SWTO - CTO 3BTO

KojVIM nVICMOM cBaK·O,n.HeB HO nV1were? 0,n. CTOTMHY 6e·o rpal)aHa Ha OBO nVITaH>e HVIH· -OBVIX aHKernpa /.l,paraHe Ka1·besau, VI MV1pe MVIJlOWeBVIQ 56 je O,D,fOBOpVl!lO 11a ni-iwe nVI· pVIJlMU,OM, 4eTpp,eceT Jl aTVIHVIU,OM, a 'ternopo p,a ce HaVl3MeHVl'lHO CJlY fK e ca o6a nV1cMa . Y<te1HV1.LJ,V1 i-i pap,HVIU,VI ce npou,eHTya11Ho Haj­BVIWe CJlyttte nVlpVliJVIU,OM a c11y1+16eHVIU,VI, CTy,ll,eHTVI M yonwre lbYAVI ca cpa KyJlTeTCHOM ,D.VlflJlOMOM, nop,je,ll,HaHO KOpVICTe VI nVlpV!JlVI· u,y VI 11aTV1HVIU,y. foTO BO nOJlO BVIHa aHKeTVl­paHVIX KaHie p,a ce nVipVIJlVIU,OM CJlYl+IVI ,.M3 HaBMKe". 27 O,ll,CTO CMaTpa ,n.a je OBO nVIC· MO Jlenwe, ,n.a MM ce BVl we csi-itja i-i ,n.a je JlaKwe, 1 ·7 aHHernpaHVIX BVl,D.VI y ynorpe6i-i

, nVlpVl!lVIU,e M ,.O\lyBaH>e HaU,VIOHa!lHOf M,D.eH· r-i-irera".

BV1we op, noJlOBVIHe aHKeri-ipaHMX 111Ma VI

no!lMTV14KY peu,enu,V1jy oaor nV1raH>a, 6VIJlO VIMnJlMU,VITIHO, eKCnJlVIU,VITHO, y waJlVI VIJlVI 3a­TO WTO cy HareropV14HO npOTVIB ,D.OBO!)eH>a

· M nVlpVl!lVIU,e M JlaTMHMU,e y HaU,VIOHflJlHVI VIJlVI HaU,VIOHaJ1VICTVl4KVI KOHTeHCT.

EBO, yocTaJlOM, HeKVIX o,n.rosopa KOjVI se­posaTHO HajycnewHV1je V111ycrpyjy pacnoJlo· 1+1eH>e 6eorpaljaHa:

- fO,D.VIHaMa caM pa,D.VIO y VIHOCTpaHCTBy . JlaTMHVIU,a je V1naK CBeTCKO nVICM O. I-Hao MVI je uiTO r1V1pVIJ1Vll,\a O,D.YMVlpe, allVI TO je Vl3· rne,n.a Hei-136e1+1Ho yKOJlVIHO P~e!lVIMO ,n.a 6y­,n.eMo orno peHVI npeMa cBery (V1H1+1e1-bep Ma­WVIHcrna , 50 ro,n.V1Ha).

- nVlpVIJl'Vll.\3 je HajCaBpWeHVlje nVI CMO Ha csery. To je nVICMO MOf ' Hapo,n.a M MOjVIX npep,aHa 3aTO nVIWeM ca MO !'iVlpVl!l,VIU,OM'

' (ap,BOKaT, 36 ro,D.VIHa). - nVIWeM JlaTVIHVIU,OM, yrnaB!iO~. 36or

H>eHe cj:JyHKU,VIOHallHOCTVI . nVlpVl!lVIL\Y He Tpe-6a 3anOCTaBVITVI, aJlVI H'VI cjJopcVlparn TaMO r,n.e je cspcV1cxop,HV1ja JlaTVIHVlu,a. HelieMo salb,n.a ,n.a MVI y Cp6V1jV1 VIMaMo 1'iV1pV1!1V14He KoMaH,n.e Ha KOMnjyrepV1Ma - rnynocr! He­ryjMo HaWy nVlpVlllVIU,y, allVI He npaBVIMO OP, rnra par 3a H>y! (apXVITeKTa, 36).

- nVlpVl!lVll,\a MVI je HOMnllVIHOBaHa, TeW­Ka, MaJlO 6apOKHa. JlaTVIHVl[J,a je cpyHHU,VIO· HaJlHVlja. nV1pV1m-1U,a je Be3aHa 3a ,D;06py J111Teparypy, ,[l,ocTOjescKor 4·111TaM, HapaBHO, y eKaBCKOj VI nVlpVIJ1Vl4HOj BapVljaHTVI, (no­JlVITVIKOJlO<f, 36) .

- Ja, caM crnpa reHepau,V1ja , nV1weM nVI· pVl!lVIL\OM, YYVIO CaM y WKOJlVI pyCKVI. HeK nVIWe KaKO KO xone! HeMOjTe 0,D. TOra p,a npaBVITe nOJlVITVIKy! (KH>VlfO BO!)a, 56) . - nVIWeM nVlpVl!lVIL\OM 3aTO WTO je TO Hawe nVICMo, a VI 3arn wrn je nenwa. ,[l,oK HanVl­wew JlaTVIHVIU,OM ,.H>" VIJl-1'1 .1,1". MHOrO KOM­nJlHKOBaHO (pa,D.HHK, 28).

- nVIWeM Jl aTVIHVIU,OM - jep,HOCTaBHVlja je. ,[l,oH CTaBVIM u,prnu,y Ha .,r", na Ha .w", na 3aBV1jyraK Ha ,.lb". V!Ha4e caM Cp6VIH, 6pare, VI He rpe6a TO HVl4VIM ,n.a ,n.oKa3yjeM (pa,D.HVIK, 27).

- VIMa npocjJecopa KOjVI xone VI HVll+IY ou,eHy ,n.a rn ,n.ajy Ha 111cnHTY aKo nVlwew Jlal'1'1HVIU,OM . Tpe6ano 6111 ,n.a CBVI 3HaMO o6a n111cMa, a!lVI 111 ,n.a Y4VIMO CJlOBeHa4K1'1 VI Ma· Ke,D.OHCKVI (cry,n.eHT nC1'1XOJ10rHje, 22) .

- VIMa HeWTO y nVlpVl!lVIU,VI ; .. He 3HaM wra, a!lH Hao, cnoseHcKa ,n.ywa . . . An111, Heps111pa Me Ha,n.a ce op, rora npaBH cppKa . HepsHpa Me WTO je y HeKVIM ,n.enOBVIMa oBo Kao HeHo .,neBo nVlcMo". Moja APY· rap111u,a cj:Jypana ca HeKVIM 3arpen4aHVIHOM, a H>era oprnu,H 3a,n.111pK111BaJ1111: .EBo ra ,[l,a-MVlp, wern csojy n111p111nV1u,y!" · (cry,n.eHT nMct:>). \

- nVlpV!JlVIU,a je Jlenwa, JlaTV!HVIU,a 6p1+1a. Vl,n.eoJlornja He6V1rna! (cry,n.eHT Hcrop111je yMeTHOCTV!).

- YseK _n111weM nV!pV!JlVIU;OM VI TO WTaM­naHV!M CJlOBV!Ma. To je MOj ,.VIMHl,I" (y4eHVl­u,a, 18).

,,MnA,LJ,OCT" Y Hl!lH-y

HBA CTBPLIM nps111 nyr nocne YerpHaecr

rDAl!IHa jeAHa ce,n.1-11-1u,a Ll,K CKJ 61-1na je nocseneHa npo611eM111Ma

jyroc110BeHCKe OMJ18,IJ,111He. T111M noBOAOM 3aMon11111111 cMo HOBVIHape JllllCTa ,,MllaAOCT" ,'

opra1-1a Case3a cm~111jam1cr1114Ke 0Mna,D,1111-1e Jyrocnasvije,

.n.a eKcK11y3111BHO 3a HlllH on111wy raj ,D,orafjaj, OHaKo

KaKO cy ra OHl!l Bll1,D,8Jll!1 Ill AOHH1B8Jll/I. Haw111 41!1TaOLl,111 lie, sepyjeMo, O,D,Max np111Mernrn Aa

je osaj TeKCT n111ca1-1 APYraY1t1je Hero wro ce 06111L11-10 nlllwe

y HaWeM Jlll1CTy. [11 TO je, ero, pa3Jll-1Ka l/13Mefjy Hae CTapVIX

1-1 I-bl/IX MJ18,D,l/IX (HOBVIHapa)

,,Oao} 3eMJhH 11 OB-OM CaBe3y KOMy­:i11cTa_ Je _ noTpe5Ha MJTa,n;ocT" - n apoJia .Je KOJY .]e Ha npOIIIJIOHe.n;eJhHOj ce.n;:r-rn­QJ1 I(K CKJ yao,1:1H:11qap yn'yT110 qJiaHo­:i:11Ma HajBHIIIer ;:-rapT11jcKor cpopyMa 11 JyrocJioBeHC:rrnj ja~HOCTM. MeljyT11M, npe Herryr-ra ):\Ba Meceua , Ka,n;a je oBa na•poJia y HeIIITO cKpah·eHoi aep3HjH (OBOJ 3EMJhM JE IIOTPEBI-iA MJIA,IJ;OCT) ocaaHyJia Ha ,n;Ba,I:\eCeTaK 5eorpa,1:1cK11x 3H):IOBa, Kao je,1:1aH o.n; He­KOHBeHuHD!HaJIHMX peK.riaMHJ1X HOTe3a Jil1CTa. ,,MJTa.n;ocT" nyTeM rpacpuTa, '-IY­aap11 JaBHOr pe,1:1a :11 M11pa cy ie noMHO 5p11caJTH.

.IJ;a JI11 ne IlOMeHyTa napoJTa, y KOjOj j e ca,1:1p:IB:aH CMl1Cao 5'y,1:1ynIJ:OCTl1 OBe 3eM.1he, 511T11 3a5'opaa.1heHa o,1:1Max Ha­KOH O.Be Oi,!\\P~IrnHe ce,llJH'l11qe I(K CKJ M

l135plJCaHa 113 CBeCTJ1 OHl1X KOjl1 cy .ie '-IYJil1 - OCTaje ):\a ce Bl1,!ll1. Ho, aKO 5J1 511Jia 3a6opaBJheHa u :1135p11caHa, TO He 5H rrpt;.n;cTaBJhaJio BeJIHKO 113Hffiial)'el-he. Be35poj nyTa .n;o ca.n;a hyTKe ce npeJia-3MJIO rr·pe1rn yrropHor l1 CMCTeMaTCKOr rypari,a M~a.n;e I"eHepauH.ie Ha MaprHHY HaIIIer .rlPYIIITBa.

HE3A,ll,OBOJbHl!1 CBOJ1"1M · · nonmttAJEM

0 MJia,n;11Ma je, no.n;ceTHMO, pacnpaa­JbaJHO OBeo5yxB>aTHiO M KOHicpeTHO H!a Tpehoj KOHcpepeKU:11j:11 CKJ, a oHa je O,L\p::>irnHa rrpe nyHHX 14 (11 CJTOBHMa: qeTpHaecT) ro,1:111Ha! IloTpe5no je, ,b;a­rrne, .n;a o,l:\pacTe QeJra .ie.zi:Ha r eHepauHja (I-heH11 np11na,l:\Hl1liI1 ca.n;a E'en 3aB'pIIIa­Bajy OCHOBHY IlIKOJiy), ):la . 5H ce I(K CKJ ,,ceT:110" .n;a Ha cBoj ,1:1HeBH11 pe.n; cTaBH ITHTaI-ha noJimKaja, npo5JieMa I1 nepcrreKTMBe OHl1X KO,iM, KaKO 5:11 TO caT:11p11qap peKao, 'y HaIIIeM couHjaJIMc­TH'"IKOM .rlPYIIITBY I1Majy J13BaHpe,1:1He MoryhHOCTH ~a - OCTaipe.

CTaaoB11 Tpene K0Hcpepmru11.ie CKJ, Kao IIITO ce 3Ha, HHCY p'eaJIJ130BaHJ1, TaKO ):la HH OBa uajHOBM.ia ce.n;H11ua' I(K

6. anpHJl 1986 - HlllH

~:·