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1920s - The Post War Years. US History. I. Nicknames of the Decade. “The Roaring Twenties” “The Golden Twenties” “The Jazz Age”. II. Attitude in America. 1. American public was exhausted as a result of the Progressive Era and the Great War. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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US History
1920s - The Post War Years
I. Nicknames of the Decade
“The Roaring Twenties”
“The Golden Twenties”
“The Jazz Age”
II. Attitude in America1. American public
was exhausted as a result of the Progressive Era and the Great War.
2. Many Americans wanted to return to “normalcy”.
(Term used by President Warren G. Harding)
II. Attitude in America3. Isolationism -
United States pulled away from world affairs.
4. Nativism - Suspicion of foreign people, anti immigration.
II. Attitude in America5. Political Conservatism
- Against government activism from the Progressive Era.
Voted Republican (Anti-
Wilson, Anti-League of Nations).
6. Red Scare - Fear of communism. Believed labor unions were part of an international communist revolution.
III. American Economy1. 1914-1920:
The cost of living doubled (inflation).
2. After 1918, the economy slowly returned to peacetime (reduced) production.
III. American Economy3. Soldiers retuned
to the labor force. Women and minorities were laid off.
4. Unemployment
reached 6 million. No unemployment insurance or Social Security.
III. American Economy5. New methods/
machines increased farm production. Less demand for farm products after the war.
6. Industry became more standardized during the war - more efficient.
7. Tariffs were enacted. Protected US industry, but slowed the world economy.
IV. Society in America1. Automobile
sales grew by the millions every year. Demand for highway construction increased.
2. Use of gasoline and electrically powered machines increased.
IV. Society in America3. Advertising
increased - to sell more products.
4. Credit - allowed consumers to buy goods and pay for them over an extended period of time.
IV. Society in America5. US Urban population
grew faster than the rural population.
6. Numerous changes for
women:1. Fashion- shorter dresses,
hats, beads, bracelets, short “bobbed” hair.
2. Smoking and drinking in public became socially acceptable.
3. 19th Amendment (1920) - suffrage, women’s right to vote.
IV. Society in America7. 18th
Amendment was passed (1917)- outlawed the manufacture, sale, transportation of intoxicating liquors.
8. Organized crime increased.
IV. Society in America9. Science and religion
clash over the teaching of the Bible and evolution in public schools .
Scopes Trial: was a landmark American legal case in 1925 in which high school biology teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach evolution.
IV. Society in America10. Jazz music
becomes popular. Led to dances like the fox trot, tango, camel walk, lindy hop, and the shimmy.
Musicians -
“Duke” Ellington and Louis Armstrong.
IV. Society in America11. Public School
enrollment increases.
12. Radio became the most powerful form of communication.
IV. Society in America13. Sports-baseball was
the most popular, followed by boxing.
Baseball - Babe Ruth
Tennis - Bill Tilden and Helen Willis
College Football - Red Grange
Boxing - Jack Dempsey
IV. Society in America14. Charles
Lindbergh - first solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
May 20th, 1927- 33 hours, 29
minutes
IV. Society in America15. Movies,
theater, literature, and art increased in popularity.
Charlie Chaplin – movies
F. Scott Fitzgerald – writer
IV. Society in America
Georgia O’Keeffe – art
Ernest Hemingway - writer
IV. Society in America16. Little social
change for most African-Americans.
17. Harlem Renaissance - A movement that celebrated African-American culture.
V. Presidents of the 1920s1913-1921
Woodrow Wilson (Dem)
- WWI- 14 Points- League of
Nations
V. Presidents of the 1920s1921-1923 Warren
G. Harding (Rep)- Return to
Normalcy“Ohio Gang”Scandals
V. Presidents of the 1920s1923-1929 Calvin
Coolidge (Rep)
- “Silent Cal.”Did nothing. Let
country run itself with little gov. action
“Silent in 5 different languages”
V. Presidents of the 1920s
1929-1933 Herbert Hoover (Rep)
- Crash of stock market
Great Depression begins
“Rugged Individualism”
“Hoovervilles”