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Election of 1920 Democrats James M. Cox Franklin D. Roosevelt Governor of Ohio Newspaper Editor Franklin D. Roosevelt New York VP Candidate
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1920s Elections & Foreign Policy
Election of 1920
• Democrats– James M. Cox
• Governor of Ohio• Newspaper Editor
– Franklin D. Roosevelt• New York• VP Candidate
Election of 1920
• Republicans– Warren Gemaliel Harding
• Ohio Senator• Newspaper editor• Chosen in back room deal• “Front Porch Campaign”
– Calvin Coolidge• Governor of Massachusetts• VP Candidate
Election of 1920
• Socialists– Eugene Debs
Issues
• League of Nations– Wilson makes election of 1920 referendum on
Treaty of Versailles• Role of Irish-Americans
– Harding a “mild reservationist”
• Postwar Recovery– Return to “normalcy”
Results
Harding’s Foreign Policy
• Knox-Porter Resolution, 1921– Formally ended war with Central Powers
• Washington Naval Conference, 1921-22– Disarmament– Tensions in East Asia– Some positive steps, but no long-term solutions
Harding’s Death
Election of 1924
• Republicans– Coolidge handily wins nomination
– Charles Dawes, VP• Businessman
Election of 1924
• Democrats– Drys v. Wets– John W. Davis
• West Virginia
– Charles Bryan, VP• Nebraska
Election of 1924
• Progressive Party– Robert LaFollette
• Wisconsin
Results
Coolidge’s Foreign Policy
• Immigration Act of 1924• Dawes Plan, 1924• Geneva Naval Conference of 1927• Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928• Red Line Agreement, 1928
Election of 1928
• Republicans– Herbert Hoover
• California• “Great Engineer”
– Charles Curtis, VP• Kansas
Election of 1928
• Democrats– Al Smith
• New York• Governor• Catholic
– Joseph T. Robinson, VP• Arkansas
“A chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.”
Results
Hoover’s Foreign Policy
• Young Plan, 1929-30• London Naval
Conference, 1930• Stimson Doctrine,
1931-32• Smoot-Hawley Tariff,
1933
FDR and theElection of 1932
FDR’s Early Life
• Distant cousin of Teddy Roosevelt
• Married Teddy’s niece, Eleanor
• State Senator in NY• Assistant Secretary of
the Navy under Wilson
FDR’s Early Life• In 1921, FDR is
stricken with Polio• He was paralyzed
from the waist down• Hid the extent of his
disability the rest of his life
• Was never again able to walk unaided
FDR as Governor• In 1928, FDR was elected Governor of
New York• Known for developing innovative social
programs• A reformer• Tense relationship with Tammany Hall• Elected to second term in 1930
Democratic Nomination, 1932• Three-way race
– FDR– Al Smith (1928 candidate)– John Nance Garner (House speaker)
• Roosevelt appealed to many different groups; seen as a populist
• Smith and former Treasury Secretary McAdoo fight dirty campaign
Democratic Nomination, 1932• At convention, Roosevelt is front runner
but does not have enough delegates• Makes Garner his VP choice
– Secures Southern vote as Garner is from Texas
• Wins nomination on 4th Ballot
1932 Election Results
President Roosevelt• High expectations• Refuses to meet with Hoover prior to
Inauguration– Lets Hoover twist in the wind
• Assassination attempt in February 1933– Miami Florida– Giuseppe Zangara, Italian anarchist from
NJ– Mayor of Chicago is killed