17_conrod_2D_PAT301

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PAT301, Workshop 19, December 2005

Copyright 2005 MSC.Software Corporation

WORKSHOP 19

CONNECTING ROD USING 2D ELEMENTS

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z Workshop Objectives

z Develop a 2D plate element model of a connecting rod. Create a field,using a cylindrical coordinate system, to be used to create thedistributed edge load at the piston. Create the constraints at thesurface edges at the crankshaft. Analyze the model, and postprocessthe results from its analysis using MSC.Patran and MSC.Nastran.

z Problem Description

z Observe the deformation, von Mises stress, and Marker Tensorresults for the model

z Connecting rod material: Aluminum with E = 10 x 106 psi and = 0.3

z Distributed edge load at piston = 1000.0 * sin()

z Software Versionz MSC.Patran 2005r2

z MSC.Nastran 2005r2b

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z Key Concepts and Steps:

z Database: create a new database with Analysis Code = MSC.Nastran

and Analysis Type = Structural

z Geometry: import geometric surfaces via an IGES file

z Elements: mesh the surfaces using IsoMesh with Quad4 elementsz Geometry: create a cylindrical coordinate system at the top of the model

z Fields: create a field to be used with applied edge loading

z Loads/BCs: constrain at the crankshaft, and load at the piston

z Materials: specify an isotropic material for Aluminumz Properties: create 2D plate element properties for the connecting rod

model

z Analysis: Solution Type = Nastran Linear Static, Solution Sequence =

101, Method = Full Runz Analysis: access analysis results by attaching the XDB file to database

z Results: plot von Mises stress, marker tensor, and displacement results

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Step 1. Create a New Database and Import Geometry

Create a new database called

connecting_rod_2D.db and

import the IGES file,

conrod.igs.

a. File : New.

b. Enterconnecting_rod_2D as

the File name.

c. Click OK.

d. Select Default Model

Preferences.

e. File : Import.f. Change the Source to

IGES.

g. Select conrod.igs and

click Apply.

h. Click OK when Summary

appears.

a

b c

f

g

h

d

e

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Step 1. Create a New Database and Import Geometry (Cont.)

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Step 2. Mesh the Surfaces

Mesh the connecting rod

geometry using the IsoMesh

mesher.

a. Elements : Create /

Mesh /Surface.

b. Select Quad, IsoMesh,

and Quad4.

c. Remove check for

Automatic Calculationand enter0.125 for

theGlobal Edge

Length.

d. Select the entire object

and click Apply.

a

b

c

d

d

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Step 3. Equivalence the Nodes

Equivalence the nodes in

order to connect all the

elements.

a. Elements : Equivalence /

All / Tolerance Cube.

b. Click Apply.

c. Elements : Verify /

Element / Boundaries.

d. Select Free Edges.

e. Click Apply.

c

d

e

a

b

S 4 C C li d i l C di S

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Step 4. Create a Cylindrical Coordinate System

Before creating the cylindrical

coordinate system, it is necessary to

change the view and zoom in on a

certain part of the geometry.

a. Click the Iso 1 View icon.

b. Increase the point size by

clicking on the Point size icon.

c. Click on the View corners icon

and box the top portion of thesurface as shown below.

a bc

St 4 C t C li d i l C di t S t (C t )

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Step 4. Create a Cylindrical Coordinate System (Cont.)

Now create the cylindrical

coordinate

system using the 3Point method.

a. Geometry : Create /

Coord / 3Point.

b. Type : Cylindrical

c. Select the center point of

the piston for the Origin.d. Enter[x2 y2 1] for the

Point on Axis 3 (By

entering x2 and y2, this

point will use the x and y

coordinates of Point 2).

e. Select point (as indicated)

for Point on Plane 1-3.

a

b

c

d

e

e

St 5 C t Fi ld

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Step 5. Create a Field

Create a field. This field will be

used to create a CID

Distributed

Load later in this exercise.

a. Fields : Create / Spatial /

PCL Function.

b. Entersin_load for the

field name.

c. Select Vectorfor the

field type.

d. Select the cylindrical

coord system (Coord 1).

e. Entersinr(T) under

First Component.

f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

Step 6 Create Loads and Boundary Conditions

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Step 6. Create Loads and Boundary Conditions

Create a distributed load using the

existing field.

a. Loads/BCs : Create / CIDDistributed Load / Element

Uniform.

b. EnterCID_distributed forNew

Set Name.

c. Target Element Type : 2D

d. Click Input Datae. Enter1000 for the Scale Factor

and underEdge Distr Force,

select the spatial field sin_load

f. Select Coord 1 for the Analysis

Coordinate Frame and click OK.

g. Click Select ApplicationRegion

h. Select the 7 surface edges

(indicated on next page), click

Add, then OK.

i. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

Step 6 Create Loads and Boundary Conditions (Cont )

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Step 6. Create Loads and Boundary Conditions (Cont.)

h


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Create the constraint set for the

model. This constraint will fix all

six degrees_of_freedom at the

contact area of the crankshaft.

a. Click on the Fit View

icon.

b. Click on the View

Corners icon and box the

crank section (bottomportion) of the model.

c. Loads/BCs : Create /

Displacement / Nodal

d. Enterfix_at_crank for the

New Set Name.

e. Click Input Data

f. Enter under

Translations and

Rotations,

then click OK.

c

d

f

e

b a


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Finish creating the constraint by selecting

the application region.

a. Click on Select Application Region

b. Select the 6 surface inside edges

(shown below) and click Add.

c. Click OK.

d. Then click Apply.

a

c

d

b

b


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These are the model constraints at

the interface to the crankshaft.

Six nodal dofsconstrained at

each node on

the six edges

Step 7 Create Material Properties

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Step 7. Create Material Properties

Create a material property for

aluminum.

a. Materials : Create / Isotropic /

Manual Input.

b. EnterAluminum for the

Material Name.

c. Click on Input Properties

d. Enter10E6 and 0.3 forElasticModulus and Poisson Ratio,

respectively.

e. Click OK

f. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

ef

Step 8. Create Element Properties

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Step 8. Create Element Properties

Create the element properties for the

model.

a. Properties : Create / 2D / Shell

b. Enter2D_crank for the Property

Set Name.

c. Click Input Properties

d. Click on the Material Property

Name icon and selectAluminum from Select Existing

Material.

e. Enter0.9375 for the Thickness.

The thickness values are slightly

different for this exercise than

those for Workshop 15.

f. Click OK.

a

b

c

d

e

f

Step 8. Create Element Properties (Cont.)

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Select the application region for the

2D_crank property.a. Click on Application Region.

For the application region, shift-

select the 9 surfaces that make

up the crank (the ring).

b. Click Add.

c. Click Apply.d. Repeat Step 8 to create three

more properties: 2D_piston,

2D_flange, 2D_web. The data

is provided on the next page.

b

c


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p p ( )

Illustrated are the application regions for each property

set. Below is a table listing each property set name with

its corresponding material set and thickness.

Property Set Name Material Name Thickness

2D_flange Aluminum 0.75

2D_crank Aluminum 0.9375

2D_piston Aluminum 0.9375

2D_web Aluminum 0.375

The red ring indicates

the application region

for the 2D_piston

property. There should

be a total of 9 surfaces

that make up this ring.

Six surfaces make up the

application region for the2D_flange property set.

The application region is

indicated in purple.

Similarly, six

surfaces compose

the application region

for the 2D_web

property set. This

region is indicated inwhite.

Step 9. Check the Load Case

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p

Check the load case Default to

ensure that the correct Loads/BCs

are selected.

a. Click on the Fit View icon.

b. Load Cases : Modify

c. Click on the load case name

Default.

d. Make sure the correctLoads/BCs are applied.

e. Click Cancel.

a

b

c

d

e

Step 10. Run the Analysis

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p y

Send the model to MSC.Nastran

for analysis.

a. Analysis : Analyze / Entire

Model / Full Run.

b. Click Translation

Parameters

c. Make sure XDB and Print

is selected.d. Click OK.

e. Click on Solution Type

f. Make sure Linear Static

is selected and click OK.

g. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

Step 11. Read Results

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Attach the XDB file and read the

results.

a. Analysis : Access Results /

AttachXDB / Result Entities.

b. Click on Select Results File.

c. Select connecting_rod_2D.xdb

and click OK.

d. Click Apply.

a

b

c

d

Step 11. Read Results (Cont.)

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Create a deformation plot.

a. Results : Create /

Deformation.

b. Select Displacements,

Translational.

c. Click Apply.

a

b

c


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Erase the geometry and unpost the

undeformed model and coordinate frame

to get a better plot.

a. Click on the Display Attributesicon.

b. Remove the check from Show

Undeformed.

c. Click on the Plot/Erase icon

d. Click Erase underGeometry.

e. Click OK.

f. Display: Coordinate Frames

g. Click Unpost All.

h. Click OK.

i. Click Apply.

b

c

d

e

i

a

f

g

h


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Plot the Von Mises stresses.

a. Reset Graphics

b. Results : Create /

Fringe.c. Select Stress Tensor.

d. Make sure von Mises is

selected.

e. Click on the Display

Attributes icon.

f. Change the Display to

Element Edges.

g. Click Apply.

The blue lines indicating the

element edges overshadowthe fringe colors, so it will

be necessary to zoom in on

the model to get a clearer

view.

b

c

d

e

f

g

a


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Illustrated here are

several views of the

von Mises stress.

It is necessary to

zoom in on different

sections to see the

stress spatial

gradient.


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j

l

Plot stress tensor components using two

coordinate frames.

a. Results : Create / Marker / Tensor.

b. Select result case A1: Static Subcase.

c. Select Stress Tensor.

d. UnderShow As:, select Component, and

select components XX andYY.

e. Click on Display Attributes icon.

f. Click on Spectrum, then select ShowSpectrum.

g. Set Vector Definition / Length to Screen

Scaled and enter0.5 for the Scale Factor.

h. Deselect Show Tensor Label.

i. Click on Plot Options icon.

j. Make sure the CoordinateTransformation is set to As is.

k. Zoom into a top part of the model so that

about 20 elements can be seen.

l. Click on Apply.

a

b

c

e

d

f

g

i

h


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Notice here that the stress tensor arrows

are in the circumfrential direction.


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Replot the same stress

data, but use a different

coordinate transformation.a. Click the Plot

Options icon.

b. Change the

Coordinate

Transformation

to Global.

c. Click Apply.

Notice that now the stress

tensor arrows lie in the

Patran global coordinate

directions. There are

advantages to using

various transformations.

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