Chapter 4: The American Pageant

1619                        - First Africans arrive in Virginia 1636                        - Harvard College founded 1662                        - Half-Way Covenant for Congregational

Church membership established 1670                        - Virginia assembly disfranchises

landless freeman 1676                        - Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia 1680s                      - Mass expansion of slavery in colonies 1689-1691               - Leisler's Rebellion in New York 1692                        - Salem witch trials in Massachusetts 1693                        - College of William and Mary founded 1698                        - Royal African Company slave trade

monopoly ended 1712                        - New York City slave revolt 1739                        - South Carolina slave revolt

In what ways do people adapt to change?

Most populous colony in early 18th century. Why?

40 million pounds per year by end of 1700s But only 1.5 million a year in 1630 How was this increase possible?

Indentured Servitude Passage, goods, and possible land in

exchange for work 100,000 by 1700 ¾ of immigrants to VA and MD in 17th century

Headright System 50 acres of land in return for labor’s passage Economy gains in Europe led to decline in

indentured servitude Which led to…?

Began as early of 1619 Slave codes begin in Virginia 1662 (What

were they) Slave trade takes off in 1698 (Why?)

Where do they come from? Who brings them?

Growth in South ½ of population in VA by 1750 In SC slaves outnumber whites 2 to 1 “Gullah” – evolved language of slaves

What happens when a population who is used to a certain norm is suddenly or over time taken away from that norm?

Virginia…1676 Nathaniel Bacon (and others) vs. Gvr.

Berkeley and Native Americans Ended with Bacon’s death and hanging of

rebels What was the effect on the slave trade?

NY -Leisler’s Rebellion – 1689-1691 Landholders vs. Merchants Took control of government

Wanted popular vote and redistribution of wealth Replaced by William III

NY - City Slave Revolt – 1712 12 whites killed and 21 blacks executed

SC - Stono Rebellion – 1739 Largest uprising prior to Revolution 45 whites and 44 slaves killed Led to Negro Act 1740

What role does location have on lifestyle and settlement?

Chesapeake Colonies Maryland and Virginia

New England Colonies New Hampshire Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut

Southern Colonies North and South Carolina Georgia

Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Delaware Pennsylvania

½ born in early VA and MD didn’t live past 20

VA most populous colony at beginning of 18th century (MD #3) Pop of women grew in 1720

Social scale Great Planters (ruled economy and political

power) Small farmers (largest social group) Landless whites (former indentured servants) Black Slaves

Native Americans didn’t believe land could be owned

More diversity in South because of more favorable land

N.E. specialized in shipbuilding and fishing Land to rocky to farm on

South Women could own property and inherit

estates Due in part to young death rate

New England Church not woman inherited estate when man

died Not allowed to own property

Towns with 50 families must have an elementary school

Harvard College established in 1636 in MA

William in Mary established in 1693 Education tied to religion

Dispersing of Puritans led to revival movement

Jeremiad – sermon based on lack of religious following

Decline in conversions Half-Way Covenant

Unconverted children from existing members could be admitted

Gradually erased concept of “the elect” Women played a prominent role

Who: Puritans Over 150 arrested 20 died (14 women, 6 men)

What: Persecution of people for witchcraft Parris household first (epilepsy)

Where: Mass. and Europe When: 1692 Why?

Who: Puritans Over 150 arrested 20 died (14 women, 6 men)

What: Persecution of people for witchcraft Parris household first (epilepsy)

Where: Mass. and Europe When: 1692 Why?