Power & Energy

IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

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Contents

Contents ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Time Synchronisation ................................................................................................................ 2

History.................................................................................................................................... 2 Problems in modern substations ............................................................................................ 4

Technologies to synchronise time.............................................................................................. 5

Current Systems ..................................................................................................................... 5 IEEE 1588 .............................................................................................................................. 7

Suppliers of IEEE-1588 products .......................................................................................... 9 Appendices............................................................................................................................... 10

Advantech & Intel solutions for time synchronisation ........................................................ 10

Advantech solutions ............................................................................................................. 12 Additional Information ........................................................................................................ 14

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Time Synchronisation

History Trying to finish breakfast and still catch the train to get to work on time presents a daily problem in time synchronisation that is understandable to us all – which one of the many

timing devices do we use ? Do we use the expensive but inaccurate “self-winding” watch; the cheap digital watch that is precise but probably not accurate; the three kitchen equipment

clocks on the microwave, the oven and the fridge that all show different digital times; the clock on the wall; the mobile phone; or the set-top box ? Is the one we choose today also going to be the best choice tomorrow ? Even if we manage to work out which one is the most

accurate clock in the house, is there any guarantee that the local train company uses the same standard, or that our company bosses do ?

Time is dependent on some kind of reference, how close we can get to that point, and how reliably we do so day after day. The same problems we face are also faced by builders of

automation systems, and are an important part of the history of civilised mankind.

For many thousands of years, civilised man lived with just one time piece, a flaming great ball in the sky called the Sun. The ancient Egyptians (and maybe others) worked out that every 365 days it returned to the same point in the sky. A second point of reference was

added when it was noticed that the subtler white one called the moon also seemed to move through the sky like clockwork. For two thousand years, astronomers tried to synchronise the

movements of both, and added to the complexity by looking at the planets and the stars, too. The main driver for calendars and writing was taxation, with the oldest written te xts

demanding payment “one month after the harvest” when presumably the recipient was flush with cash. Leap years had to be invented to keep the calendar in line with the agricultural

seasons. However hard the astronomers tried, though, none of the celestial bodies behaved perfectly as

predicted. Even so, the differences were insignificant for people who relied on the sun for most purposes. Sundials, candles and water clocks were all used by astronomers, until these

were replaced by mechanical clocks. Early clocks were inaccurate and had to be regularly corrected to the astronomical time by the specialists. Wherever an astronomer could see the sun, and had some means of interpreting time between midday one day and midday the next

day, people had a fairly good idea of the time. In Europe, churches tolled the population of the time, and controlled the hours with their calls to prayer, work and lunch, at least within

the range of the sound of the bells. In the Middle East, this function was adopted by the muezzin.

It was only in the Middle Ages, with Europe’s growing population settling up the many misty valleys and struggling to get up in the morning to milk the cows on foggy mornings where no

sun was visible for weeks on end, that cuckoo clocks (also known as pendulum clocks) made an appearance, eventually being found in every farm and many homes, freeing the peasants from the tyranny of the church bell- tower.

Pendulum clocks also introduced the curiosity that an accurate clock looked inaccurate whe n

compared to the sun: the sun’s arrival at midday on any day of the year varies over a period

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of about 30 minutes, with it arriving perfectly on time on only 4 days a year. This is due to the tides, the movement of the Poles, Earth’s non-circular orbit around the Sun and its

inclination to the plane of orbit (which also gives us our summers and winters). These fluctuations created the need for special clocks which fluctuated along with the sun, for

astronomers, and other clocks which remained steady, but which were OK on average for the year for everybody else. Thus was Mean Time invented.

Global reference Until the first trains ran from London to Bristol, every town had pretty much its own

independent mean time, based on the sun, and its arrival every day overhead. Many towns still have a local hill or geographically-stable feature referred to as Midday, which defined 12 o’clock. A train travelling at 600 miles an hour would leave London and arrive at Bristol at

the same time. Although, of course, trains never travelled this fast, the idea was enough for Britain to create the world’s first national mean time. Greenwich Mean Time was born.

GMT was renamed rather arrogantly Universal Time and is now based on a noon-day observation of a distant star. Atomic clocks, with absolute time produced by radioactive

decay, generate a precise time stream measured by atoms emitting microwaves, with an accuracy of less than 1 second error in 138 million years. Coordinated Universal Time

(UTC) uses several of these clocks to ensure a global reference. Even with all this technology, current time pieces are so accurate that they show up time

changes due to weather, plate tectonics and the movement of the iron core in the centre of the Earth.

In conclusion, it can be said that time itself is not a smooth running signal given off by a stable body, rather the result of interactions from many physical objects in a galaxy (or

universe) of immense complexity. Time pieces try to keep in step with a single reference, which itself is changing. The best we can do is to choose a point of reference and try to

synchronise our various time pieces to it as often and as closely as need to for our requirements.

Precise vs accurate In science, accuracy of a system is the closeness of measurements to that quantity's actual

value. The precision of a system is the degree to which repeated measurements under unchanged conditions show the same results. Thus a clock can be accurate, it can be precise, or it can be accurate and precise. A clock can be accurate to solar equation time, or to solar

mean time, but presumably not to both.

An officially-certified chronometer is not necessarily an accurate clock, but it has to be very precise. The first marine chronometers, built to help the British Royal Navy navigate its way around the world, were precise but not particularly accurate by the standards of today’s

quartz watches. A chronometer gained or lost time every day, but regardless of the weather, the vibration and shock of the ship’s motion and the state of winding, the time gained or lost

was always the same. So it was possible to work out what the right time was, anywhere in the world at any time, with reference to Greenwich. Every day at noon, just before the midday sunsight, the ship’s navigator would set all the ships clocks to the correct local time –

based on GMT originally, the reference point for early UK navigators.

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Problems in modern substations As electricity was developed, a national (and later an international) network was created. Like railway networks, national grids would collect information from their entire network,

and in the event of a failure would try to correlate information based on the time indicated by various systems. A fault anywhere in the network would impact devices, generators and

customers in widely different locations, using equipment from different manufacturers – switchgear, protection and control, generators.

By regulation, high-voltage substations must now collect data from intelligent devices 4000 times every second, and even low and mid-voltage substations have to collect data every

second. The move toward the so-called Process Bus requires all the data from the three power phases to be collected in so called Sampled Values (SV). This data will typically be stored for a month or two, and only used in the event of a fault that needs analysing. Sub-

second timing is clearly important, but equally important is that all events from all devices are recorded according to the same reference time. It is not actually important that that

reference is identical to the sun’s position in the sky, just that the difference is consistent throughout the recording.

Modern substations are encouraging the growth of intelligent devices and the use of products from multiple vendors, creating a need for open standards of time-keeping.

Basic requirements today Each of the thousands of intelligent devices in a power network has its own built- in clock and

many have special features for time-stamping data that is sent to register events. Each of these devices’ clocks has to be synchronised to a single reference clock, and then maintained

accurately throughout the network’s operation. IEC-61850 specifies the time synchronisation requirements of a modern substation.

Accuracy down to +/- 1 milli-second (ms) is required for high-voltage substations and +/- 25 ms for distribution (low-mid voltage) substations. The timing accuracy for synchrophasor

data needs to be to 250 micro-seconds (µs).

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Technologies to synchronise time

Current Systems Regulations, international standards and open systems that support a multi-vendor architecture are now generally available for substations. So a typical network may have

devices built by many different manufacturers and of differing qualities. The clocks onboard these devices may also vary in quality, accuracy and precision. Highly accurate clocks are

available but too expensive to be fitted to every device. So a substation environment requires some reliable way to propagate time signals from an accurate clock throughout the physical and logical space of the network without losing the accuracy and precision.

Today, most accurate clocks used in IT and automation take as their source the GPS clock

time. The GPS clock signal is produced by atomic clocks on-board each of the GPS satellites orbiting the earth, producing an accurate and precise time. Substation GPS receivers calculate the actual local time based on these inputs, and produce a time accurate to about 50

ns. Consumer GPS products may not have the same accuracy or precision because most consumer applications do not require sub-second accuracy and computing, communication

and display resource is used for other priority applications – like calculating the route – rather than displaying the time.

IRIG

The Inter Range Instrumentation Group (IRIG) is the standards body set up to manage missile testing in the USA, with all the launch and telemetry equipment necessary. IRIG-B is the version typically used for substations. Accuracy up to 1 µs can be achieved.

IRIG is a standard which takes GPS clock data and transmits it around a network. IRIG-B

transmits its time signals on a dedicated network. For new installations, this requires that two separate networks (one for IT and one for IRIG-B) are implemented (three, if redundant networks are used). If all devices are connected to IRIG-B the cost can be very high. In

practice, the lack of support for IRIG-B in many devices means that this technology is not practical for many applications.

In addition, more and more installations now require timing throughout the substations covering large areas with long distances of cabling – for example, out to the switchyard

which can be 100m long - , which IRIG-B is not designed to support. IRIG is also not designed to support many units on a single cable, so a large substation can be prohibitively

expensive to install. IRIG-B will continue to be used in the substation, especially in a central control room where

it is already installed, and is capable of providing absolute time signals and synchronisation to locally-connected devices. However, it is not suitable for time signals for synchrophaser

measurement as the accuracy granularity is larger than the sampling rate. Olde r devices that support IRIG-B can be maintained in a 1588 network using 1588-IRIG convertors.

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PPS

PPS is also a method for accurately and precisely determining a second. PPS needs to be connected to a GPS time signal and can then send out its pulse every second. The pulse is

only a second counter, so a computer receiving the pulse needs to interpret the time using a separate program to keep track of the minutes and the days. To ensure that the PPS signal is received in good time, a separate low-jitter network is used in the substation. Like IRIG-B,

where it is already in use it will continue to be used, and it may provide the link between a GPS receiver and a computer in the substation network, but will not be used for providing

time signals directly to many intelligent devices.

NTP The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is designed to maintain many thousands of computers on

a global network (internet) synchronised to the second. Best accuracy is of the order of milliseconds when using a real-time OS, but is unpredictable with office systems like

Windows. NTP is typically synchronised with a GPS-based clock, and operates using standard IT networks, working with all major equipment like routers, switches and hubs.

NTP uses the IT network to provide its time information, and can work successfully with PPS and IRIG-B as time data sources connected to a GPS clock. NTP itself does not require

additional network installation, so there are no hardware costs for its operation. NTP is specifically developed for packet-switched networks like Ethernet, where each packet has a variable and unpredictable latency, and their typical non-deterministic operating systems like

Windows. Unfortunately, many applications require accuracy better than can be achieved by NTP on

non-real-time operating systems. NTP also requires a compute load on its host that may affect some embedded devices with low power (and low power consumption) processors.

NTP shows, however, that it is possible to create a global time reference for many thousands of devices connected across IP networks. What is missing is a small CPU and memory footprint and options for greater precision.

SNTP The Simple Network Time Protocol is a simplified version of NTP, with less accuracy. It is

not suitable for substation automation applications.

SyncE

Synchronised Ethernet (ITU-T Rec. G.8261, 8262 and 8264) is a high-quality time

synchronisation system for Ethernet, but which requires special hardware on each device (actually the Ethernet NIC).

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IEEE 1588 IEEE 1588 is a network-based protocol called Precision Time Protocol (PTP) or, more fully, the IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked

Measurement and Control Systems. That is, it uses exclusively the IT network infrastructure and requires no additional cabling to function. In this sense it is a development of NTP

Network Time Protocol but now with the right level of precision and footprint for automation and other demanding environments like printing machines or fly-by-wire aircraft with predominantly embedded or less-powerful systems. Precision of +/- 5ns is possible.

IEEE 1588 supports the many clocks that are typically found in modern networks, but

manages negotiation among the various clocks to find the best one, which becomes the master. The master is the reference point for all other clocks. The master sends out a signal to all its slaves enabling precise synchronisation. Typically, the master gets its time from a

GPS clock, the easiest way to source an accurate time signal. GPS clocks are now available with support for IEEE-1588.

PTP signals in cables travel at the speed of light. Even so, the propagation delay is enough that for high-accuracy systems it becomes an issue. Twisted pair cabling used for Ethernet

has a delay of more than 5 ns per meter. In simple networks, this delay is fixed, but in complex, routed networks, the delay can be variable. PTP calculates the fixed delay in

propagation, but cannot manage the packet delay variation caused by routing changes. A network hub has very low latency for data packets, but in passing through switches the PT

packets can be held up for unpredictable periods. Most critical networks will be switched, so an intelligent switch (one that is designed for IEEE-1588 v2) handles PTP packets by adding its own latency to the time payload. Switches that are not PTP-enabled will cause inaccuracy

to creep into the system, limiting a network to three or four switches in size. Builders of systems that implement 1588 will prefer to use switches that are 1588-ready and these are

available from major manufacturers. IEEE 1588 results in very good synchronisation; that is, all devices in the network will

closely agree to a particular time. But the time itself is dependent on the master clock quality, and may or may not be accurate. That is why 1588 is called Precision Time Protocol,

and not Accurate Time Protocol. Each individual device in a network will have its own system clock, and in some cases will

have an IEEE-1588 clock as well. This additional clock will be much more accurate and precise than a standard PC real- time clock, which can lose 100ms a day. A good quality

clock somewhere in the network is important in case the signal from the GPS clock is lost. This clock, with a good quality oscillator, can maintain an accurate time signal for up to a month (rubidium atomic clock) or a week at least (quartz) without access to the GPS.

Implementation of 1588 in a device In real-time operating systems (RTOS) (those which have deterministic characteristics and

can guarantee response times), it is possible to implement IEEE-1588 in software with no additional hardware. But usually the network interface will have a time-stamping function that will manage the addition of the time-stamp to the data payload. The network interface

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can be the standard network interface of the device, or it can be a 1588 NIC added just for time-stamping.

In non-real time operating systems, like Microsoft Windows, it is necessary to use hardware

time-stamping. This can be in the device’s standard network interface, or in a special PTP network interface.

To drive the time-stamping, drivers are needed. These can be written at a low-level in the TCP/IP drivers that control the network connection; or they can be written at a much higher

level in the operating system or even in the application itself. Depending on where they are written, the implementation affects performance and portability. The closer to the hardware, the more precise and the harder to port to a different platform or OS later on will be the

implementation. This is a fundamental design consideration.

Multiple sub-nets of the network may be connected using routers – especially if these are located on different sites. IEEE-1588 v2 supports boundary clocks which enables the linking of these sub-nets with a single clock-time (although not all implementations support

boundary clocks).

Thus, one of the advantages of IEEE-1588 is that, even though in many cases special hardware is needed to properly time stamp, it is possible to run PTP on any device. This makes it possible to implement new designs with modern devices that are fully supporting

1588, but also to retrofit the protocol to devices that may not have the hardware support built in. In both cases, no additional networking is installed.

PTP is available as software stacks for FPGA and CPUs, as operating system-ready applications or APIs, and as hardware network interface cards (NICs) with their drivers.

Implementations can be made to take advantage of hardware features in network chipsets which provide the highest degree of precision.

Performance

Performance of PTP depends on its implementation. For RTOS implementations, running the PTP in the operating system (so that developers can easily change from one hardware to

another) accuracy of +/- 50 µs is possible, or using a driver to hook on the hardware in the network interface card, +/- 5µs. Full hardware time-stamping with RTOS can achieve precision down to 5 ns. These times are usually good enough for automation applications.

For non-deterministic operating systems, hardware time-stamping in the NIC, network chip

or PHY is necessary, and its integration into the time application forces hardware dependency. Performance can be very good, with accuracy of +/- 5ns, but typical applications with a non-deterministic OS can achieve 10-50 µs.

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Suppliers of IEEE-1588 products Contact details are in the appendix.

Oregano Systems Oregano Systems offers a full range of clock cores, which are compatible with the IEEE-

1588 Standard. The IP cores differ in footprint, number of I/Os, interface, and supported features. There are IP cores suited for simple attaching to an existing processor that runs the required IEEE-1588 stack (e.g. Oregano Systems’ syn1588® PTP Stack) and there are single

chip solutions requiring only an external Ethernet PHY device. There is also a standard PCIe Ethernet NIC that supports Linux and Windows.

Real-Time Systems Real-Time Systems GmbH, a member of the Intel Intelligent Systems Alliance and a

Microsoft Embedded Gold Partner provides IEEE 1588 software stacks supporting all versions of Microsoft Windows, Linux as well as a wide variety of real-time operating

systems on x86 (Intel Architecture), ARM, PowerPC (PPC) and other CPUs. Support for Intel network chips is available. Real-Time Systems’ engineers were in involved in PTP IEEE 1588 since the very beginning of the standard (Version 1 - 2002). Real-Time Systems is

also a leading provider of embedded Hypervisors for Intel Architecture.

IXXAT With over 25 years’ experience, IXXAT supplies embedded systems and data communication products for industrial automation and automotive applications. This includes hardware and

software products and services. IXXAT’s product portfolio includes CAN, all popular Industrial Ethernet standards (e.g. Profinet, sercos, EtherCAT, EtherNet/IP), IEEE 1588,

FlexRay, and LIN. IXXAT develops and delivers custom OEM hardware components and complete system solutions.

ZHAW The Institute of Embedded Systems at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences School of

Engineering provides a range of hardware, software and services around IEEE 1588 / PTP. The offerings are based around protocol software representing a fully implemented Precision

Time Protocol (PTP) Ordinary Clock including VHDL, C and object code, PCI NIC card and a USB 1588 cable..

Sourceforge Sourceforge has a number of open source PTP solutions.

openPTP sourceforge.net/projects/openptp *

PTPd ptpd.sourceforge.net * Linuxptp linuxptp.sourceforge.net *

Chronos Technology Ltd Chronos is European distributor of Symmetricon PTP clocks and manufacturer of their own PTP testing devices.

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Appendices

Advantech & Intel solutions for time synchronisation Many of Advantech’s industrial and embedded computers are designed to support IEEE-1588

Precision Time Protocol. Current Intel controllers supporting IEEE 1588 are the Intel® 82574, 82576, and 82580 Gigabit Ethernet Controllers, the Intel® 82599 10 Gigabit Ethernet Controller, and Intel® Ethernet Controllers I210 and I350.

Using Intel’s Network chipsets that have 1588 support (time-stamping), Advantech

customers can easily develop solutions for PTP. Some of these products include:

UNO-4xxxx Advantech’s UNO-4000 series is the first certified Substation Computer to support Intel’s Corei7 performance in a ruggedized (-20° to + 70°C) fanless form-factor. Also available in

ATOM dual core (D510) version, the UNO-4000 modular PC provides the greatest flexibility in IO – fibre-optic, isolated and non- isolated serial, Ethernet as well as IRIG-B, hard and solid state drives, and support for Advantech and third-party cards in PCI, PC-104, PCI

Express and Mini PCIe form-factors. Single and dual-power versions are available. (Datasheet)

UNOP-1514RE/PE The UNOP is a series of accessories for the modular UNO-4000 series. The UNOP-1514 is

available in two versions – RJ45 and small- format pluggable (SFP). The 1514 is a four-port Gigabit Ethernet card based on Intel’s ® 82580 4-Port Gigabit Ethernet Controller which

supports IEEE-1588. As with all UNO-4000 options, the cards support operating temperatures of -20° to +70°C. (Datasheet)

UNO-3000 The UNO-3082 and other PCs in the UNO-3000 range use the Intel® 82574L Gigabit

Ethernet Controller which supports IEEE1588. The UNO-3000 is an expandable PCI-based fanless embedded PC with a wide range of CPU options and features for automation applications. Regularly used in the substation market for synchrophaser data concentration,

protocol conversion or SCADA serving, the UNO supports RAID 0/1 dual disks, watchdogs, DI/O and remote monitoring and management. (Datasheet)

UNO-2000 Advantech’s UNO-2184G, 2174G and 2174GL are high-performance Intel 2nd generation Core computers with PCI-104 daughterboard expansion and 2 x Mini PCIe sockets. Their CPUs are Intel’s Core i7-2655LE and Celeron 847 and 807UE. The 4 x Gigabit LAN ports

support teaming function with fault tolerance, link aggregation, and load balance features and the UNO-2184G supports AMT for full remote management. The UNO-2184G/2174G/GL

are high end computing platforms designed to support applications with tremendous data volume and 3D visualisation. (Datasheet)

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UNO-1100 The UNO-1172 uses the Intel® 82583V Gigabit Ethernet Controller which supports IEEE-

1588. The UNO-1172 is a wall or DIN-rail mounted fanless PC with PC-104 expansion capabilities in its AE version, and DI/O, watchdog and a real-time clock which makes it a

standard for automation applications requiring a small, flexible PC. (Datasheet)

NCP-3110 The NCP-3110 is the entry-level Packetarium network appliance. With 32 cores and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, the NCP-3110 is a powerful network appliance for security and

communications applications. With support for IEEE-1588 it is ideal for time-sensitive applications where this is required, for example in a substation. (Datasheet)

PCIE-1672PC & PCIE-1674PC These two- and four-port Gigabit Ethernet PCI cards are designed for IEEE-802.3af Power

over Ethernet applications and also support IEEE-1588 through the Intel-I350 network controller. With support for Jumbo frames, this card is ideal for IP-based video surveillance

applications. Advantech’s PCI cards can work in any Advantech product with support for PCI-bus, including UNO fanless, embedded PCs like the Substation Computer UNO-4xxx series and the wall-mounted embedded automation computer UNO-3xxx series. (Datasheet)

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Advantech solutions As the leading manufacturer of industrial computing, it is natural that Advantech products are used today in all aspects of industrial automation and communications.

Displays and touch-panel PCs The latest display technology of wide-screen and multi-touch is now available for SCADA systems. Removing the need for separate KVM connections enables simpler installation and the multi-touch system is more and more common in everyday use for most people. The

latest generation of operating systems such as Microsoft’s Windows 8 and SCADA software such as Copa-Data’s zenon support multi-touch functionality. Advantech’s IP67 fully-

waterproof SPC-1840W and more traditional TPC-2140 and 1840 are now available with powerful graphics and CPU options. Advantech’s wide range of HMI products – Flat Panel Monitors (FPM), WebOP operator panels (WOP), Panel PCs (PPC), ruggedized fanless panel

PCs (TPC), and industrial Panel PCs (IPPC) – provide options for end-users, integrators and machine-builders and applications as web server, SCADA server or as thin-client. (More

information)

Industrial PCs and Servers Advantech’s IPC and ACP industrial rack-based PCs are global references for many system integrators. For more than 20 years, Advantech has been the world- leading manufacturer of

this kind of products, and provides global sales, service and support directly and through its channel of value-adding partners throughout the world. Cosmetic additions like branding and painting; third-party products like software – SCADA, operating systems, security, softPLC –

and hardware – graphics cards, storage, KVM; customised testing and logistics solutions are available wherever in the world Advantech’s customers buy, integrate and use the products.

(More information)

Video Walls Large infrastructure networks are managed from central control rooms. Traditional display systems for the engineers and operators used video but modern substations receive more and

more information as IP streams, whether it is from control devices, IT or security. To display this information in real-time and effectively, video walls offer an ergonomic solution. Advantech’s video wall solutions are fully-certified by Mura for its MPX range of cards.

Powered by Intel’s Xeon CPU, the AVS product range supports up to 5 Matrox Mura MPX cards for a total of 20 input channels and 20 video outputs. With Intel’s 82574L Ethernet

Controller on board, it would be possible to display precise IEEE-1588 time on the displays. (More information)

Embedded PCs Advantech’s fanless embedded PCs are used extensively in automation. Advantech’s UNOs

are the standard choice for fanless cyber security, data concentration and protocol conversion (gateway) and SCADA serving. Supporting virtualisation and multiple operating systems,

including embedded and standard versions of Windows, Linux and real-time operating systems, UNO is available in standard and substation-hardened versions with IEC-61850-3 certification. (More information)

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RTU Platforms Advantech’s APAX and ADAM PLC platforms provide powerful PC-based control options

with flexible local and remote IO and fieldbus options (Profinet, EtherNet/IP, Modbus/TCP). APAX-5522PE is a fully IEC 61850-3 certified platform, supported with IEC 61131 softPLC

control solutions with IEC 61850 protocols (GOOSE, Client/Server) from automationX and Copalp. Time-stamping, 1ms response times, even with up to 32 IO slots, and Ethernet-based remote IO architectures make the APAX the ideal RTU platform for demanding automation

and distribution substation requirements. (More information)

Eco-system Partners Advantech’s customers and eco-system partners provide added-value products and services.

SCADA software

ABB MicroSCADA

Alstom e-terra

Alstom PACiS

Copa-Data zenon

Schneider PACiS

Siemens SICAM PAS

Wonderware InTouch

IEC-61131 control (softPLC) with 61850 protocols

automationX ax5

Copalp straton energy

IEC-61131 control

KW ProConOS

System integrators & distributors

See web site

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Additional Information

Wikipedia Precision Time Protocol

NIST IEEE-1588

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Contact Details

Real-Time Systems Gerd Lammers

Real-Time Systems GmbH Phone: +49 (0) 751 359 558 – 0 Email: gerd.lammers@real-time-systems.com

Web: www.real-time-systems.com Address: Gartenstrasse 33 - 88212 Ravensburg - Germany

Oregano Oregano Systems – Design & Consulting GesmbH Phone: +43 (676) 84 31 04-200 Email: contact@oreganosystems.at

Web: www.oreganosystems.at Address: Franzosengraben 8, 1030 Wien, Austria

IXXAT Dr. Norbert Binder

Sales Manager IXXAT Automation GmbH

Phone: +49-751-56146-0 or 182 Email: binder@ixxat.de Web: www.ixxat.com

Address: Leibnizstr. 15 - 88250 Weingarten - Germany

Intel Christoph Johann Intel

Mobile: +49 173 579 6543 Email: christoph.johann@intel.com

Web: www.intel.com Address: Dornacher Straße 1 - 85622 Feldkirchen, - Germany

ZHAW Professor Hans Weibel

Institute of Embedded Systems Technikumstr. 9 - P.O.Box - CH-8401 Winterthur - Switzerland Tel. +41 58 934 75 52

E-Mail: hans.weibel@zhaw.ch Web: www.ines.zhaw.ch

Chronos Technology Ltd Chris Roberts Chronos Technology Ltd. Lydbrook – Gloucestershire - GL17 9PD - United Kingdom

chris.roberts@chronos.co.uk http://www.chronos.co.uk

Tel: +44 1594 862200

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Advantech Tony Milne

Business Development Manager, Power & Energy ADVANTECH

Mobile: +33 633 963 185 Email: tony.milne@advantech.fr Web: www.advantech.eu/energy

Address: Le Noblet - 1/3 Bd Charles de Gaulle - 92700 Colombes - France