15.3 Energy Resources

Pg 462-466

Notebook page 117

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Nonrenewable Energy ResourcesExist in limited in quantities and once used cannot be replaced except over the course of millions of years

Nonrenewable resources include oil, natural gas, coal and uranium (fossil fuels)

Fossil fuels

Fossil fuels - formed underground from the remains of once-living organisms.

Are the majority of the world’s energy source

Are NOT found everywhereQuickTime™ and a

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http://www.wrongtees.com/product.php/11/fossil_fuels

Fossil FuelsThe US provides:

2 % of the world’s oil supply25% of the world’s coal supply

Good thingsRelatively inexpensive Usually readily available

Bad thingsTheir use creates pollution We don’t have much in the US

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Renewable Energy ResourcesResources that can be replaced in a relatively short time period of time

MOST originate directly or indirectly from the sun.

Renewable energy resources include hydroelectric, solar, geothermal, wind, biomass, and possibly in the future nuclear fusion.

Renewable Energy Resources

Include:Hydroelectric SolarGeothermalWindBiomassNuclear Fusion (possibly in the future)

Hydroelectric EnergyEnergy obtained from flowing waterAs water flows downhill, its GPE is converted into KE.

The KE is used to turn turbines connected to electric generators

Good thingsLow cost to produce and lack of pollution

Some bad thingsUse dams which blocks the flow of water and cause a variety of environmental problems Hamper the run of fish upriver for spawning

Hydroelectric power plants

Some used as water flows naturally down hill

Some use dams to build and hold back the water to create energy

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Solar Energy

Sunlight converted into usable energy

Passive Solar: like light going through the window

Active Solar:

Sun heats flat collection plates through which water flows, this water used for your water heater

Sun converted into electrical energy through solar cells

Geothermal EnergyThermal energy found under the earth’s surface

Pump water underground to create steam which in turn moves the generators to produce electricity

Does not pollute but not found everywhere

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Biomass Energy: Energy stored in living things Use wood, corn stalks (the stuff thrown away), and convert into thermal energy

Use to create bio fuel - a high- energy alcohol fuel

OthersHydrogen fuel cell: generates energy by reacting hydrogen with oxygen Waste product would be water so it’s nonpolluting

Nuclear Fusion: still being worked on today but would probably produce little pollution or radioactive waste

Wind turbines: convert the kinetic energy in the horizontal movement of wind into rotational energy of the turbines rotator shaft. Rotational energy is then converted into electrical energy by an electric generator. Clean and wind is everywhere but takes up a lot of space

Conserving Energy Resources

Energy resources can be conserved by reducing energy needs and increasing efficiency of energy use

Finding ways to use less energy or to use energy more efficiently is known as energy conservation

Energy Saving Decisions: turn off lights, carpool, change the light bulbs, etc.