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1 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit Essential Questions: How can I use a scatter plot to draw informal inference about the correlation between two variables? How do I determine an equation for the line of best fit using a graphing calculator? In many realworld problems, you will find data that relate two variables such as time and distance or age and height. You can view the relationship between two variables with a scatter plot. A scatter plot is the graph of the ordered pairs that describe a relationship between two sets of data. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x y

1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Page 1: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best FitEssential Questions: How can I use ascatter plot to draw informal inferenceabout the correlation between twovariables? How do I determine an equationfor the line of best fit using a graphingcalculator?

In many real­world problems, youwill find data that relate twovariables such as time anddistance or age and height.  Youcan view the relationship betweentwo variables with a scatter plot.

A scatter plot is the graph of the ordered pairs that describe

a relationship betweentwo sets of data.

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Page 2: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Correlation

Positive correlation Negative correlation

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­6 ­5 ­4 ­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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Page 3: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Correlation   ­ continued

No correlation

­6 ­5 ­4 ­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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Page 4: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Let's collectsome data.

Name Age (in years)

Height(in inches)

Wingspan(in inches) 

# of Letters in Last Name 

Hattie 

Corey 

Jason 

Tay 

Alexis 

Evan 

 Lewis

Egypt 

Dazasha 

 Tyler

 Mike

Carly 

Briyona 

Dre 

Casey P. 

Mat

Tory 

Casey S. 

Kali 

Krystin 

Alexa 

Morgan 

Melanie 

Lexi 

Erika 

Haimbach 

Monique 

Page 5: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Line of Best Fit

A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables.  A line of best fit is a linear model that fits that data.

Part 1: Input the data from the table into your calculator:1) Stat2) Edit3) Input ages into L1, height into L2, wingspan into L3, and number of letters in last name in L4

Part 2: Make it so that you will be able to see the points on a graph:

1) 2nd2) Y =3) Go into the first stat plot4) Turn the stat plot on5) Make sure that L1 is used for x and L2 is used for y

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Line of Best Fit   ­ continued

Part 3: View the graph:1) Window2) Find the minimum and maximum values for x from the table.  Set appropriate values for the xmin, xmax, and xscl.3) Find the minimum and maximum values for y from the table, and set appropriate values for the ymin, ymax, and yscl.4) Graph

Part 4: Write the line of best fit:1) Stat2) Calc3) 4: LinReg (ax + b) L1, L24) EnterThis gives you the equation for the line of best fit.

Page 7: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Correlation Coefficient

The correlation coefficient is a number represented by the variable, r, that describes how closely points in a scatter plot cluster around the line of best fit.

When the r­value is close to 1 or ­1, the line of best fit is a good representation of the data.

Positive r­value = positive correlationNegative r­value = negative correlationZero (or close to zero) r­value = no correlation

What is the correlation coefficient of the line of best fit for the data you graphed?

Is there a correlation between the height and wingspan of students in this class?

Page 8: 1.5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit · 2/11/2011  · 5 Line of Best Fit A scatter plot can help you see patterns in data involving two variables. A line of best fit is a linear

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Practice

With the person sitting next to you, choose two columns of the table.

1) Plot the points on a graph in your calculator.  Sketch the graph.2) Write the line of best fit.3) Find the correlation coefficient.4) Is there a correlation between the two sets of data you chose?  

How do you know that there is or isn't a correlation?