14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1 Role of the direct mechanisms in the deuteron-induced

14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1

Role of the direct mechanisms in theRole of the direct mechanisms in thedeuteron-induced surrogate reactionsdeuteron-induced surrogate reactions

Marilena Avrigeanu and Vlad AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu and Vlad Avrigeanu Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH),

Bucharest, RomaniaBucharest, Romania

14th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR REACTION MECHANISMS

June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, Italy

F4E-GRT-168.02, Tasks 5.1/8.2PN-II-ID-PCE-3-2011-0450

ContentContent

1. Introduction1. Introduction

22. Surrogate Reaction Approximations. Surrogate Reaction Approximations

3. Deuteron 3. Deuteron BU effects BU effects

4. Conclusions4. Conclusions


DEUTERON Surrogate ReactionsDEUTERON Surrogate Reactions

2Marilena Avrigeanu


Breakup deuteron effects :Breakup deuteron effects : 231231Pa(d,3n)Pa(d,3n)230230UU reaction reaction

10 12 14 16 18 2010-1

100

101

102

103

(

mb)

Ed (MeV)

231Pa(d,3n)230U Morgenstern+ (2009) PE+CN

6 9 12 15 18 21100

101

102

103

R

BU

(Avrigeanu+, 2009)

(

mb)

Ed (MeV)

d + 231

91Pa

BREAKUP channel

10 12 14 16 18 2010-1

100

101

102

(m

b)

Ed (MeV)

231Pa(d,3n)230U

Morgenstern+ (2009) PE+CN UNCORRECTED for BU

(PE + CN)*(1-BU/R)

BF (231Pa(pbreakup,2n)230U) BF+PE+CN


SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUPSTRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP

test of d-surrogate

232Th(d,p)


SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP

5

desired reaction: 232Th(n,ɤ)233Th surrogate reaction: 232Th(d,pɤ)233Th

Eex : [4.786 - 5.782] MeVEp : [9.672 - 8.676] MeV; θp :[ 124o -138o]

inelastic breakup enhancement

232Th(nBU,ɤ)233Th

Ed=12 MeV; = 14.458 MeV

10 12 14

102

103

Ed (MeV)

m

b

d + 232

90Th

Reaction - Han (2006)

BU - Avrigeanu+ (2009)

R

232Th(d,p)

20 40 60 800.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.50.60.70.8

Ed (MeV)

p B

U/

R

proton breakup ratio: d +232Th

Kleinfeller+ (1981) Wu+ (1979) Avrigeanu+ (2009))


SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP

desired reaction: 232Th(n,ɤ)233Th surrogate reaction: 232Th(d,pɤ)233Th

E* : [4.786 - 5.782] MeVEp : [9.672 - 8.676] MeV; θp :[ 124o -138o]

233Th*: BU inelastic enh.BU inelastic enh. 232Th(nbreakup,ɤ) DRDR (strippingstripping) 232Th(d,p) CNCN 232Th(d,p)

NOT CONSIDERED : LARGENOT CONSIDERED : LARGE leakage of leakage of d fluxd flux flux through flux through BU BU beforebefore CN CN fformormaationtion

CN mechanismCN mechanism,, too restrictive frame for d-surrogated-surrogate

EXCEPTEXCEPT the SSurrogate RRatio Method, where the effects of BUBU & DR& DR are diminished


BreakupBreakup Cross Sections Parametrizations Cross Sections ParametrizationsKalbach (2003)Kalbach (2003)

Kalbach (2010)Kalbach (2010)

Avrigeanu+ (2009)Avrigeanu+ (2009)

0.2

0.4

0.6

58Ni Kalbach (2003) Avrigeanu+ (2009) Kalbach (2010)

0.2

0.4

0.6

119Sn

20 40 60 80

0.2

0.4

0.6

Ed (MeV)

181Ta

20 40 60 80

0.2

0.4

0.6

Ed (MeV)

232Th

cadru 9

0.2

0.4

0.6

90Zr

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

p B

U/ R

eact

ion

27Al

Pampus+ (1978) Wu+ (1979) Matsuoka+ (1980) Kleinfeller+ (1981)

0.2

0.4

0.6

93Nb

0.2

0.4

0.6

62Ni

BUP_comp_new

20 40 60 80

0.2

0.4

0.6

Ed (MeV)

208Pb

Fusion. Eng. Design, 84, 418 (2009)

Phys. Rev. C 89, 0446613 (2014)

www.tunl.duke.edu/publications/tunlprogress/2003/

www-nds.iaea.org/fendl3/vardocs.html.


Importance of Deuteron Breakup mechanismImportance of Deuteron Breakup mechanism

5 10 15 20

10

100

1000

5 10 15 20

10

100

1000

d + 231

91Pa

R

BU (Avrigeanu+, 2009)

BU (Kalbach, 2003)

(

mb)

d + 27

13Al

5 10 15 20

Ed (MeV)

d + 181

79Ta

d + 63

29Cu

d + 119

50Sn

d + 93

41Nb

Warning for d-surrogates

Warning for d-surrogates

BU-Dominance !!!

BU-Dominance !!!


232Th(d,p)233Th STRIPPING REACTIONS: 232Th(d,p)233Th STRIPPING REACTIONS: IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONIMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION


CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

PE & EVAPORATIONPE & EVAPORATION cross sections corrected for

initial flux leakage towards DIRECT INTERACTIONSDIRECT INTERACTIONS

DIRECT INTERACTIONSDIRECT INTERACTIONS (DI) effects to dd interactions

BREAKUPBREAKUP: DOMINANTDOMINANT for heavy targets at Ed~VC

BREAKUP ENHANCEMENTBREAKUP ENHANCEMENT of activation c.s. STRIPPING & PICK-UPSTRIPPING & PICK-UP maxima Ed~ 8-10 MeV

Nuclear Reactions studies based on Nuclear Reactions studies based on

deuteron induced reactions deuteron induced reactions should consider should consider

BREAKUP & STRIPPING / PICK-UP EFFECTSBREAKUP & STRIPPING / PICK-UP EFFECTS

Thank you!Thank you!

DEUTERON SURROGATE DEUTERON SURROGATE RATIORATIO METHOD METHOD IS THE SOLUTION

14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1111Marilena AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu

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14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ITALY

14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1212Marilena AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu

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14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ITALY


d

Surrogate reactions methodSurrogate reactions method

δ = d + D

CNCNExcited nucleusExcited nucleus

CNCN

= a + A

= c + C

DR:DR:

n

pBU+DR+CNBU+DR+CN

IF:

EXCEPT: 1=2, CN1≠ CN2 (ESR)1=2, CN1= CN2, 1 ≠ 2 (ISR)

= c + C

Documents

14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1 Role of the direct mechanisms in the deuteron-induced