14th Global Conference on 5th Stellenboschengineering-team.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Keynote_GCSM_2… · GCSM 2016 Monday, October 3rd 14th Global Conference on Sustainable

2016October 3rd – 5th StellenboschSouth Africa

GCSM 2016 14th Global Conference onSustainable Manufacturing

Francesco Jovane and Günther Seliger

October 3rd, 2016

Competitive Sustainable GlobalizationKnowledge Enabling for Sustainability

Monday, October 3rdGCSM 2016 14th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing

Francesco Jovane & Günther Seliger

Globalization and Competitiveness

Global Trends and Challenges for Sustainability

Solution Concepts

Leverage of Education

Agenda

Page 2



Globalization

Page 3

[UN-2011; OECD-1993; IMF-1997]

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The Port of Singapore

Globalization involves economic integration by transferring policies and transmitting knowledge across national borders.

It is a phenomenon of increasing global interdependences of markets and value creation.



Newly Industrialized Counties (NICs)

Globalization reduces the barrier for countries, especially Newly Industrialized Counties (NICs), to connect to high value-added products and production processes.

The shift of labor-intensive value creation from Early Industrialized Countries (EICs) to NICs and the global mobility of technology have initiated a new era of growth for the markets of NICs.

Page 4

[WTO-2013; WEF-2015]

Countries by Real GDP Growth Rate 2015

Countries by real GDP growth rate CC0 1.0 Ali Zifan 2015



Newly Industrialized Counties (NICs)

Globalization has essentially empowered the development of NICs and fostered the emergence of global sustainability challenges.

Page 5

[UNCTAD-2015; WEF-2015]



Local Manufacturing

Rethinking manufacturing policy at the regional scale, requires reconnecting innovation policies and production policies to regional-scale institutions and intermediaries, ranging from research and development infrastructure to labor market intermediaries.

Public policy at the local and regional scale improves manufacturing resilience, encourages the adoption of new models of production and consumption, and enables the ongoing viability of older industrial cities and regions.

Jovane:





Solution Concepts


Agenda

Page 7



Threat

Page 8

If the lifestyles of emerging and early industrialized communities

will be shaped in the future by the existing, actually predominantly

applied technologies, then the resource consumption will exceed

reasonable economic, environmental and social boundaries.



Challenges

Page 9

The dynamics of global competition and cooperation shall be

exploited for innovating and mediating manufacturing technologies

towards the reasonable demanded sustainability on earth.



Selection of relevant global trends 2015 & 2016 according to the WEF

Page 10

Socio-economic Inequality

Structural Unemployment

Migration and Displacement

Urbanization

Climate change

Environmental degradation

Rise of cyber dependency

[WEF-2016]

Social

Environ-mental

Technolo-gical

Economic



Socio-economic Inequality

Page 11

The average income of the richest 10% among the countries of the OECD has grown to about nine times to that of the poorest 10% -which corresponds to an all-time peak.

The inequality is not only present between social groups but also between genders. In average, women earn 16% less than men.

[OECD-2014; WEF-2015]

GINI Index World Map Income Inequality Distribution 2014

GINI Index World Map CC BY-SA 3.0 M Tracy Hunter 2014



The Most Likely Global Risks 2016: A Regional Perspective

Data fraudor theft

Failure of critical infrastructure

Unemployment or underemployment

Profound social instability

Central Asia including Russia

Economic

Environmental

Geopolitical

Societal

Technological

Cyberattacks

Extremeweatherevents

Failure of national

governance

Failure of national

governance

Watercrises

Watercrises

Natural catas-

trophes

Energypriceshock

Large-scale involuntary migration

Fiscalcrisis


Latin Americaand the Caribbean

Middle Eastand North Africa

Sub-SaharanAfrica

South Asia

East Asia anthe Pacific

Europe


Extreme weatherevents

Failure of national governance

Interstate conflict

Risk Category


North America

[WEF-2016]

Page 12



UN Sustainable Development Goals

169 targets to be achieved by 2030

Adopted by 193 countries during the 2015 UN General Assembly (October)

Page 13

[UN-2016]



Axiological Background

Page 14

"Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with

the permanence of genuine human life”. (Hans Jonas

redefining Kant‘s „categorical imperative“)

Thesis of „the invisible hand of the market“: The public

welfare is promoted through the economic competition of

individual interests. (Adam Smith, 1776)

Goal: A sustainable development of technology and areas

of living with guidance from market dynamics, with

imagination, creativity and organization competence from

responsible world citizens. (CRC 1026)





Solution Concepts


Agenda

Page 15



How can manufacturing contribute?

How can manufacturing contribute to cope with the challenges of sustainability?

Page 16



Depth and breadth

Page 17

Combining the breadth of systemic reference with the depth of production technology to enable for sustainable value creation

Approach



Breadth of sustainability in environmental perspective

Page 18

Coping with environmental challenges:

Non-renewable resources to be utilized in multiple usage phases

connected by product remanufacturing and material recycling in

between.

Substituting non-renewable resources by renewable resources,

but only to the extent that they can be regained.



Breadth of sustainability in social perspective

Page 19

Coping with social challenges:

Increasing teaching and learning productivity thus achieving global

awareness about sustainability.

“Learnstruments” i.e. objects automatically demonstrating their

functionality to the users.



Breadth of sustainability in economic perspective

Page 20

Coping with economic challenges:

Selling functionality instead of selling physical products thus

achieving more wealth with less physical resources exploiting

market dynamics by applying innovative technologies.





Solution Concepts


Agenda

Page 21



Raising the Awareness

The awareness of societies about the global sustainability challenges must be raised by magnitudes.

Page 22



Impact of Manufacturing

Teaching and learning in diversity of different cultures and human values on globe

Manufacturing providing comprehensive functionalities and objects for learning about sustainable value creation

Manufacturing enabling for win-win among early industrialized and emerging communities

Manufacturing enabling for responsible global citizenship by raising awareness about sustainability

Page 23



Bottom-up approach

Page 24

bottom-up approach

Educational Institution

GovernmentalOrganizations

Non-Governmental Organizations

Enterprises

Nations

Unions

Industries

Governmental Organizations

Big Enterprises

NGOs

Educational Institutions

Schools

SMEs



Learnstruments – Definition

Learnstruments are objects which

automatically demonstrate their

functionality to the learner.

use existing and new information and communication technology (ICT)

aim at increasing the learning and teaching productivity

provide adequate learning goals to the user

support the user in achieving the learning goals

Learnstruments can be used directly in the work process.

enable employees to overcome occurring problems

improve the efficiency of the process

Page 25



Learnstruments – Examples

Smart Assembly Workplaces

E-Hub-Assembly

CubeFactory

RecycleBin

Page 26



Learnstruments – Smart Assembly Workplace

Page 27



Learnstruments – Interactive 3D-PDFs: E-Hub Assembly

Page 28



Learnstruments – CubeFactory

Page 29



Learnstruments – RecycleBin

Page 30



Education in Manufacturing Laboratory for Turkish/Syrian Scholarsfrom the Turkish-German University in Istanbul



April - July 2016

August2016

Learning and practicing 3D-

printing in Berlin

Procurement of 3D-printers in

Istanbul

First drafts in Istanbul

September2016

First prints in Istanbul

Help for Self-help in Turkey



Development of Sustainable Innovations by Students – European Engineering Team

Page 33

The EUROPEAN ENGINEERING TEAM (EET) is a new master module funded by the EU ERASMUS+ program.

A multidisciplinary and interculturalteam of master students fromfour European universitiesare working together on ajoint research project aimingfor a sustainabletechnological innovation.

The innovation will be subsequently transferred into a sustainable startup established by the team of master students.



Development of Sustainable Innovations by Students – Micro Wind Turbine

Page 34

Micro Wind Turbine



Development of Sustainable Innovations by Students – Micro Gas Turbine

Page 35

Micro Gas Turbine

Container Factory forManufacturing in Emerging Countries



Knowledge

Knowledge is the only resource

expanded

by utilization.

Page 36



References (1/2)

Short cut Source

[IMF-1997]International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook. Washington, D.C., May 1997, chap. III, p. 45.

[OECD-1993]Bonturi, M.; Fukasaku, K.: Globalisation and intra-firm trade: an empirical note”, OECD Economic Studies No. 20, Paris, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Spring 1993, p. 146.

[OECD-2013] OECD: Economic Globalization – Origins and Consequences. OECD Insights, 2013.

[OECD-2014]OECD: OECD Factbook 2014: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2014.



References (2/2)

Short cut Source

[UN-2011]United Nations: Globalization and interdependence: sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth for a fair and more equitable globalization for all, including job creation. Report of the Secretary-General, 2011.

[UN-2014] UN-2014 United Nations: World Urbanization Prospects The 2014 Revision Highlights, 2014.

[UN-2016]United Nations: Sustainable Development Goals, http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals, 2016.

[UNCTAD-2015] UNACTAD: Trade and Development Report. 2015.

[VDI-3780]VDI (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure): VDI 3780 - Technology Assessment, Concepts and Foundations. 2000.

[WEF-2015] World Economic Forum: Global Risks 2015, 10th Edition, 2015.

[WEF-2016] World Economic Forum: Global Risks 2016, 11th Edition, 2016.

[WTO-2013] World Trade Organization: Global Value Chains in a changing world. 2013

Documents

14th Global Conference on 5th Stellenboschengineering-team.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Keynote_GCSM_2… · GCSM 2016 Monday, October 3rd 14th Global Conference on Sustainable