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Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)

Urban Transportation Planning

MIT Course 1.252j/11.380j

Fall 2002

Mikel Murga, MIT Research AssociateNov 14, 2002

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Urban Transportation Planning Fall 2002

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Scope

! TeleComs

! ITS:

!Automobile Oriented

! Transit Oriented! Integration

! From deployment of new technologiestowards organizational changes

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Information and Communication sectors

!

Fastest growing sectors in Europe! 5% GDP: 4 million employed

! 300,000 new jobs (95 - 97)

! More to come:

! audio visual

! mobile services

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Cell phones new markets

Messaging

Entertainment

Positioning

Info Services

m-commerce

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! Positioning methods:

Cell Identity (150 m-40 km)

Network Based AGPS (10-20 m)

! 2G & 3G networks

Mobile Positioning System

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Telecoms jobs are booming

0

50

100

150200

250

300

350400

450

1992 1997 2002

thousa

ndsjobs

0

20

40

6080

100

120

140160

180

mio.su

bscribers

jobs

subscribers

Mobile Telephony

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Forecast increase in Internet Users

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

millionusers

USA

Europe

Source: Comm ission estim ates based on various Industry

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Projected E-commerce growth

7

30

200300

1000

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1996

19971998 1999

20002001 2002

20032004 2005 2006

$bn

OECD

Forrester

Activmedia

OECD

Sources: various forcasts as indicated

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Functionality

& capabilities

1998 1999 2000 2001 20021997Time

Speech

Circuit data

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" SMS" SIM Toolkit

"WAP

" GPRS

" Bluetooth

Technology evolution

"Terminals"Smartcards

"E-commerce

"Security

"Positioning

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"Portals -

Internet market places or malls

"Consumer behavior# comfortable with on-line shopping

# SMS

# internet banking

# internet stock trading

# mobile devices are personal

Business (r)evolution

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" Mobility -taking services from the desktop to thepocket for the ultimate in convenience

" Security, payment, browsing and devicesare key technology

The challenges of telecom providers...

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The new European environment

! 100 million users of GSM services

! 450 channels of Digital TV / interactive

services

! 30 million INTERNET users

! 4 million teleworkers! And an ageing workforce

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What sort of Information Society?

! Employment rich

! Socially inclusive

!

Economically stable! Culturally diverse

! Environmentally sustainable

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New ways to work in all sectors

! Flexibility in time and place

! Better use of skills

! Reduced investment for

new job creation! Reduced overhead costs

!

Financial viability for morenew kinds of work

! Greater responsiveness

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Teamwork and telework:

! Teamwork across borders and timezones

! Real-time and asynchronous

! Linking different types of workplaces

! Intra-company and inter-company

! New tools and standards

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Lets talk about videoconferencing

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Secure electronic financial transactions:

! Business-to-business, retail and

administrative transactions

! Billing, payment, accounting

!Anonymous small payments

! Reliable, tamper-proof smart cards and

personal tokens

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Europe Today

! Leads in:

! Mobile communications! Digital television

! Digital local access

! Electronic payments and smart cards! Lags in:

! Corporate IT investment

! Use of the Internet! Electronic commerce

! PC industrial and technology development

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Is Transport any different??

ITS: Control, management and information toolsaimed to improve the efficiency, safety andquality of service of the transportation system

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Sectors involved:! Transport

!Automobile industry

! Telecoms! Banking

! Consumer electronics

! Tourism

! Mass Media

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Urban Traffic:

! Traffic Signals! Monitoring throughput:

! Recommended speeds

! Ramp metering

! Incident Management

! Signal priority for:

! Emergency vehicles

! Public transport

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Real-time Information:

!Automobile traffic

! Public transport

! Parking

!Airport arrivals/departures

! Points of interest (POI)! News, banking, stocks

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Parking

! Information onavailability

!

Guidance to:!Available facility

!Actual spot

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Payment sytems:! Tolls

! Transit fares

! Parking

! Electronic purse

! Mobile-business

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Payment systems

Towards a consolidated system

Courtesy of ERTICO

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Urban Goods distribution:

! Fleet Management

! Real-time location

! Load consolidation

! Hazmat management

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From Traffic Control Centers (TCC) toTraffic Management Centers (TMC)

Just a name change?

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Traffic and Traveler Information Services

Conditions relayed via web sites and cell phones.

U b T i Pl i F ll 2002

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Part of Info-Mobility

Global

positioning

systemsAdvanced sensors

Large

databasetechnologies

and

intelligent

agents

UbiquitousUbiquitous

InfoInfo--MobilityMobility

Systems andSystems andServicesServices

Fixed and

wireless

network

technologies

Earth

observation

systems

Rich multi-

mediacontent

U b T t ti Pl i F ll 2002

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Seattle

! Real time

information onthe Web

! Updated everyminute

! From color codedmaps to actualphotographs of the

traffic stream

!You can check

in real time anincident

!

Even choosingto seeupstream

impact

U b T t ti Pl i F ll 2002

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Paris.

Color coded maps, time estimates and times by transit


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location

RTI center

on-trip:

- deviations fromindicated travel times

- new travel times androutes

pre-trip:- trip requestat departure

- trip recommendation

One of the car dreams


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City informationPositioning data

Content

City-Navigation

The fastest

Route ...

CloseThe next pharmacy ...

Watchdog

My flight is delayed ...!

City Highlights

Which club is still open...!

My profile

Do not forget the birthday ofyour mother-in-law ...

Traffic information User data Map information

My Program

My nicest day ...

refined Content

New high-end services to maintain client loyalty


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Public Transport

! Real-time informationfor:

!

Operators:! Fleet management

! Travel time reliability

! Users:! Waiting anxiety


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Public Transport

Easy to deploy within each turf, but

hard to integrate across operators and modes


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ITS as a Tool - Main Objectives?

!To increase road capacity at low cost?

! Or, just an opportunity to promote a moreefficient and diversified transport system?

! Should it be used to enhance mobility --Or to improve accessibility? Or perhaps, just

to substitute some trips on certain days?


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ITS Deployment

! ITS Deploymentrequires:

! Important organizationalchanges

! A new path from controlto sharing information

! A transition fromhierarchical systems tonetworks

Ring CommunicationDatabase A

Database C

Database B


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ITS Integration: A bumpy road

! ITS:Information +

Communication +

Integration


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! Lets share information:

! The public needs a single source of multi-modal information

!

The operators can benefit by sharing realtime info

! Lets decide with others in mind:

! Impacts or synergies on third parties?

! Modularity of equipment and architecture?


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ITS is not a technical issue but a newframe for:

> Voluntary cooperation

> Seeing the big picture

> Bringing others into the decision process

> Adopting necessary new policies


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ITS Deployment

In short, ITS other than short-term mitigation

tools, may serve :$ To become catalysts for change

$ To establish new two-way relationships

$ To create new spaces for collaboration$ To provide a global vision of the transport

system

But, ITS involves a long complex and

difficult path, which has to be taken


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eEurope Main Targets

! Key challenge is to meet the growing demand for

mobility within the finite transport networks! Congestion in road transport

! Speed up the development and deployment ofIntelligent Transport Systems

! Safety of road, rail, air and maritime transport

! Active safety systems in vehicles! Enhanced 112 with location information (equiv to US 911)


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eEurope Targets: ITS Deployment

! Speed up the Development and Deployment of

Intelligent Transport Systems! To support the development and deployment of

value-added traffic and travel information servicesto cover 50% of major European cities (2002)

! All main trans-European networks should be

covered by traffic incident/congestion informationand management systems (2002)


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eEurope Targets: ITS Deployment

! Timely and reliable information and guidanceservices (in real time, pre-trip/on trip)

! Effective congestion and demand management

strategies (to improve delays and to contribute tothe environment, safety and intermodality)

!

Efficient incident and emergency management(detection, verification, response)


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eEurope Targets: Safety

! Safety of road:

! New emphasis on account of 42,000 yearly deaths! All new cars sold in Europe equipped with more

efficient active safety enhancing systems

! All citizens on the move throughout Europeshould have access to:

! call localization and

! emergency services through the 112 number

! CGALIES Coordination Group www.telematica.de/cgalies


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! Part of eEurope Benchmarking exercise

! europa.eu.int/information_society/eeurope/! benchmarking/index_en.htm

! Objectives:! Enable Member States to compare their

performance;

! Identify best practice;

! Enable remedial action to be taken.! Quantitative and qualitative benchmarks (e.g.

policies behind best practice)

Benchmark ing


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eEurope ITS Benchmarking

! Traffic and Travel Information services in

cities;! Availability of services

! Use of services

!

Impact of the services! Motorway incident detection and

management systems;

! Active safety systems in vehicles;! Location determination of wireless callers

through 112 number


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Final thought

! What do you think!

Is ITS good or bad?! Does it help to bring down some barriers?

! Is technology in general or bad?

! The trouble is that we have to master thetechnology

! And to top it off, it requires wisdom

! See the article of the Sept issue of the Atlantic

Monthly on Home Security

Documents

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