04/10/2023

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R. Drouin

P O R T A B L E D E M O - E D U C A T I O N - K I O S T A K I N G A D V A N T A G E O F L O W L I G H T C O N D I T I O N S

SOLAR PV RESIDENTIAL NET METERING, CO-INVERTING

ONCE YOU GO SOLARTHE SKY’S THE LIMIT

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AGENDA

• Reasons to go green technology-solar• PC vs. Solar Electric System• Net meter • A day of power• DUAL CORE VS CO-INVERTER• Demo Solar Electric System• Demo Grid / Home Simulator• Demo rack• Packaging• Question

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REASONS TO GO GREEN TECHNOLOGY-SOLAR

Benefits

• 30% income tax rebate from IRS

form 5695

http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f5695.pdf• Other incentives based on your local utility

provider (i.e. one time $3 / watt)• Power during outages and brown outs

depending on the implementation• • •

Long term• Set price for your electrical power

Social benefits• Mitigate a $1.6T ($700B from US) transfer

of wealth to oil producers, OPEC and mid-east “YEARLY”. According to sources like Washington Post.

• (The US won’t directly link budget deficit to trade but it’s total is around $1.2T)

• Reduce emissions to maintain the ecology• Provide jobs • Compete with Germany, China, and

Australia as a leader

Price to pay for delay• No tax income from green technology

workers• No market trading in higher tech solar vs.

oil

R. Drouin

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PC VS. SOLAR ELECTRIC SYSTEMANALOGY OVERLY SIMPLIFIED FOR REFERENCEPC for processing information

1. Personal computer performance based on speed and memory for information

2. Day trader or CAD may need more monitors (light for visual information

3. power center for turning on and off peripherals (monitor, printer, pc, lamp and so on)

4. A desktop pc to process data to a format you can read on monitor or hear from audio, printer and so on.

5. Monitor PC performance with Apps. Like Task Manager

6. There are notebooks and desktop computer of varying performance

Solar Electric System provides electrical service

1. Solar Electric performance measured in Kilowatt-hours

2. More panels provide more kilowatt-hours from sunlight

3. Combiner box for switch circuit breakers for each panel string for protection

4. Grid tie inverter process DC from solar panel to grid synchronized AC to the power lines

5. Monitor solar electric output with a kilowatt-hour meter just like the power company

6. Notebook size grid tie inverters can run up to 500 Watts and a desktop size can run 5000 W or 5 Kilowatt ( the hours expose to sunlight gives the system kilowatt-hours)

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NET METER SOLAR

ELECTRIC • Net meter is using a kilowatt-hour meter to monitor electrical energy going into the house and energy leaving the house.

• When you are using a lot of electrical energy at night, clothes drier, oven, heater, lights, power is going into you house from the power company.

• The other extreme, during a sunlit day, your gone, all appliances are off, your solar electric system is sending energy out of the house to the grid for consumption by your neighbors (meter spins backwards is termed)

• The “net meter” tracks all this throughout the billing period and the year.

NOTE: • Not all kilowatt hour meters do net meters

some only measure only one way.• The utility company installs a net meter

when you register and commission a net grid tie system.

• If you are not net metered and you send energy out of the house your being nice to the grid but no one will tracking it

• Once you are net metered scaling your system can be much easier.

• One type of Net meter

• other types have to

• be verified

• Not a net meter • from trial

and error

R. Drouin

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A DAY OF POWER

Power ConsiderationsADD MORE PANELS FOR POWER

• Price of panels $1 PER WATT 2011 (was $3.50 2008)

• Fill available area with panels rather than costly tracking systems

• Produce more power in low light conditions cloudy, early, and late in day.

OVER POWER CONSIDERATIONS• 8 KW of panels will overpower a 5 KW inverter

during peek light conditions• This will set off circuit breakers if nothing is

done to shut off solar panel strings during these conditions (A string would be one set of panels connected to one circuit breaker)

• A controller would be needed to monitor the power and turn off the appropriate strings during peek light and turn them back on during low light

Sun track through the sky

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DUAL CORE VS CO-INVERTERANALOGY SIMPLIFIED FOR REFERENCE

PC for processing information

1. PC’S use Dual Core technology second core

processors manages excess information from low throughput to peak information conditions

Solar Electric System provides electrical service

1. Co-Inverter programmable logic controller PLC manages excess solar panel from low light to peak power conditions

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DEMO SOLAR ELECTRIC SYSTEM

ComponentsLeft to right components

1. Connector for solar panels or batteries to simulate solar panels when no sunlight

2. Combiner box with 2 circuit breakers for 2 solar strings ( panels in this case) and a main breaker to the inverter

3. 500 Watt grid tie inverter led 1 red on for power 3 green strobe on when synchronized to grid.

4. AC connectors to interface to power meter

5. Kil-a-watt meter to monitor power out from grid tie system

6. Batteries for solar panel substitution in first step above

Note:• This panel arrangement, power can only flow out.

There is nothing to consume power the coming into the panel so the Kil-a-watt meter reads properly

Grid tie system

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DEMO GRID / HOME SIMULATOR

ComponentsRight to left components

1. Battery to supply sine wave inverter power2. Pure sine wave inverter to simulate grid power3. Connector to interface grid4. Light bulb to simulate neighborhood load street

lamps and other loads on the grid

Home panela. Kil-a-watt meter to simulate home power going

out. Meter in out direction and only indicates proper readings when supplying to the grid

b. 2 switch box top switch simulate main breaker on circuit breaker panel. Lower switch simulate breaker to solar electric system output

c. Ac socket box to add loads

Grid tie / home load simulator

R. Drouin

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DEMO RACK

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

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PACKAGING BUSINESS PROPOSAL

Package a desktop PC

1. Mother board -RAM -Hard Drive -cabinet

2. Power supply cord 3. 1 monitor connector4. Windows software

5. Manual Options6. Second monitor output7. Printer Not included8. Monitors

Package Grid tie system

1. -Grid tie inverter -and interface cord to wall socket -cabinet/housing

2. Solar panel combiner box 3. 2 solar panel connector4. Kilowatt hour meter monitor5. Manual Options6. more solar panel connectors7. Panel power managementNot included8. Solar panels9.

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QUESTIONS

1.What is it worth commissioning for net metering for a 500 watt system to allow to scale up as needed in the future? (if the average 5KW system today is $25000)

2.Is it worth overpowering a system to take advantage of low light conditions? (500 W system could perform like an 800 W system)

3.Is it worth providing solar power to an apartment if power is stored in batteries and only allowed to discharge for apparent appliances through an appliance plugin monitoring system? (if net metering is not an option)

4.Is it worth, in any environment, to do the previous step 3 using lawn furniture or widow treatment such as indoor shutters?

Here’s hoping we may someday see,Man use the sun as much as a tree.