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DEMOCRACTIC

SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCH

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CONSTITUTIONAL

MONARCH• Malaysia is a monarchy

• The Agong is a constitutional monarch –

He does not have absolute power exceptcertain powers conferred by the

constitution

• The Agong is elected every five years. 

• This system was the innovation of thecountry’s first Prime Minister, Tunku

Abdul Rahman 

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The Present MonarchHRH Yang diPertuan Agung TuankuSyed Sirajuddin Ibni Al-MarhumTuanku Syed Putra 

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Appointment of the

Agong

• Only Sultans are eligible

• Is heading a state in Malaysia

• Is elected from the nine Sultans

forming the Council of Rulers

• Is matured male, Malay and Muslim

• Is mentally sound

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The Role of the Agong

•

Holds executive authority in theMalaysian government’s three mainorgans

• Head of religion• Power of pardon• Proclamation of emergency• Appointments of persons of important

offices• Serves for five years• Supreme Commander of the Armed

Forces• Symbol of Honor and Dignity• Diplomatic Functions

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His Discretionary Power

• To appoint a Prime Minister • To agree or reject dissolving the

parliament as requested by the

Prime Minister • To request holding the Malay

Rulers’ Meeting to discuss matters

related to the status of the Malayrulers

• To confer the roll of honor 

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His Restrictions

•Can not rule his own state unlessfor 

 –Head of Islamic matters

 –Amendment of state list

 –Conferring of roll of honor 

• Can not leave the country for more

than 15 days unless for official trip

• Can not hold any positions that

pays salary or allowance

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• Can not involve in business

• Can be tried in Royal court for 

personal misconduct

• Can not give royal pardon to

himself, his Queen and sons but

can be pardoned by theConference of Rulers

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RULERS IMMUNITY

• The Constitution is the highest law inMalaysia

• In Malaysia, the Parliament holds limitedpower 

• The YDPA’s authority is also limited – as

stated in the constitution

• Our constitution provides privileges to YDPA – immunity power 

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• In 1992 – due to an incident where a ruler punished a commoner – evoked a causeto revise the immunity power 

• Under Article 181 (2) rulers’ immunity wastoo general - may be misused and abusedthat may weaken the status of the MalayRulers

• The revised constitution stated theimmunity of the YDPA is limited to official matters only 

• Any personal action taken for personal

interests is under the ruling of law• All informal privileges not stated inConstitution should not be observedanymore