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Industrial Ventilation

- A major control measure

Dr. AA, UTM

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Part 1 - Introduction

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3

What Is Industrial Ventilation?

Environmental engineer’s view: 

The design and application of equipment for providing the necessary conditions for maintaining the efficiency, health and safety of 

the workers Industrial hygienist’s view: 

The control of emissions and the control of exposures

Mechanical engineer’s view: The control of the environment with air flow. Thiscan be achieved by replacement of contaminatedair with clean air 

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Why Industrial Ventilation?

To maintain an adequate oxygen supply in the

work area.

To control hazardous concentrations of toxic

materials in the air.

To remove any undesirable odors from a given

area.

To control temperature and humidity.

To remove undesirable contaminants at their 

source before they enter the work place air.

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Types Of Industrial Ventilation

Systems

1. Supply systems

To create a comfortable environment in the plant i.E.

The HVAC system

To replace air exhausted from the plant i.E. Thereplacement system

2. Exhaust Systems

An exhaust ventilation system removes the air and

airborne contaminants from the work place air 

The exhaust system may exhaust the entire work area,

or it may be placed at the source to remove the

contaminant at its source itself 

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Supply Systems

Components

Air inlet section

Filters

Heating and/or cooling equipment Fan

Ducts

Register/grills for distributing the air within the work

space

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Exhaust Systems

Types of exhaust systems:

General exhaust system

Local exhaust system

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General Exhaust Systems

Application• Used for heat control in an area by introducing large

quantities of air in the area. The air may be tempered

and recycled.

• Used for removal of contaminants generated in an area

by mixing enough outdoor air with the contaminant so

that the average concentration is reduced to a safe

level.

 Two Types

• Natural Ventilation: uses wind or thermally inducedconvection to induce air flow.

• Mechanical Ventilation: Uses fan (with or without duct)

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Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV)

The objective of a local exhaust system is to remove

the contaminant as it is generated at the sourceitself.

Advantages:• More effective as compared to a general exhaust system.

Remove contaminant before it has a chance to spread.

• The smaller exhaust flow rate results in low heating costscompared to the high flow rate required for a generalexhaust system.

• The smaller flow rates lead to lower costs for air cleaning

Components:• Hood

• The duct system including the exhaust stack and/or 

recirculation duct

• Air cleaning device

•Fan, which serves as an air moving device

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Local Exhaust Ventilation

Hood or exhaust

inletDuctingFilter or purifying

system

Fan and motor 

Exhaust

outlet

Ducting

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What is the difference between Exhaust and Supply systems? 

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End of Part 1