RFID

RFID = Radio Frequency Identification

Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio

frequency

Tag carries with its information

a serial number

Model number

Color or any other imaginable data

When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible

reader, they transmit this information back to the reader, thereby

identifying the object

RFID COMPONENTS

A basic RFID system consists of these components:

A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data;

Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage

an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip

A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay

Application software and a host computer system

RFID TAG

The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin film

medium.

Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by the

antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies, to an

RFID reader

3 types

Passive

Semi-passive

Active

TYPES OF RFID TAGS

Active Tags

• Use a battery

• communicate over distances of several meters

Semi-passive Tags

• Contain built-in batteries to power the chip’s circuitry, resist interference and circumvent a lack of power from the reader signal due to long distance.

• They are different from active tags in that they only transmit data at the time a response is received

Passive Tags

• Derive their power from the field generated by the reader

• without having an active transmitter to transfer the information stored

APPLICATIONSFrequency Appx. Read Range Data Speed Cost of

Tags

Application

Low Frequency (125kHz) <5cm

(passive)

Low High • Animal Identification

• Access Control

High Frequency (13.56

Mhz)

10 cm – 1m

(passive)

Low to Moderate Medium to

Low

• Smart Cards

• Payment (paywave)

Ultra High Frequency

(433, 868-928 Mhz)

3m -7m

(passive)

Moderate to High Low • Logistics and Supply Chain

• Baggage Tracking

Microwave (2.45 & 5.8

Ghz)

10m -15m

(passive)

20m – 40m

(active)

High High • Electronic toll collection (Autotoll)

• Container Tracking

CURRENT APPLICATIONSApplication Segment Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current Penetration Typical Tag Type

Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry technologies High Passive

Asset Tracking Locating tractors within a freight yard None Low Active

Asset Tagging Tracking corporate computing systems Bar Code Low Passive

Authentication Luxury goods counterfeit prevention Holograms Low Passive

Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character Recognition Low Passive

POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards, Wireless Phones Medium Passive

SCM (Container Level) Tracking containers in shipping terminals GPS-based Systems Low Active

SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive

SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive

Vehicle Identification Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, reader systems Medium Active, Passive

Vehicle Immobilizers Automotive ignition systems Other theft prevention technologies High Passive

Credit Cards with RFID

(Paywave function)

Octopus (Smart Card)

Autotoll (Electronic toll collection)

Access Control

ONLINE SURVEY

Target: SME

Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications

Site:

http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4

SURVEY RESULT

Logistics and Supply Chain

Management20%

Pharmaceutic manufacturing

industries15%

Library Management21%

Inventory

Control10%

Document Management8%

Security

8%Customer Services

5%

Hotel Management

5%

Banking and Finance5%

Social Services3%

Other

18%

Types of industries that respondents think it is possible to apply RFID technology

FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

In medical uses and library management

VIDEO

CONCLUSION

Positive

RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other materials

Hold more data than barcode does

RFID tags data can be changed or added

More effective, bring lots of convenience to us

Negative

Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)

RFID signals may have problems with some materials

RFID standards are still being developed