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Executive Summary

February 2010

NYC GREEN

CODESTASK FORCEA REPORT TO MAYOR MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG & SPEAKER CHRISTINE C. QUINN

Executive Summary

February 2010

NYC GREEN

CODESTASK FORCEA REPORT TO MAYOR MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG & SPEAKER CHRISTINE C. QUINN

Assignment 1: Scorecards

Ayesha Husain, C-BIP 2012

INPUTS OUTPUTS

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EF 6

Increase AllowableSize of Solar Shades

Issue:Shading devices help combat heat gain and preventglare, decreasing cooling energy requirements. The

Building Code only permits these shading devices toextend 10 inches from the building, thus restrictingtheir effectiveness. They are also not permittedobstructions under the Zoning Resolution.

Recommendation:Treat shading devices the same as awnings andcanopies, which are permitted to extend fivefeet from the building. Also add these devicesto the list of permitted obstructions in theZoning Resolution.

Benefits Costs

EF 6: Solar shades were a common featurein New York City prior to the advent of airconditioning systems, as seen in this photo

of an awning-encrusted Flatiron building.

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Health & Safety

Savings

Environment

Cost

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PassiveShading.Properly designed exterior solar shades candecrease air conditioning loads 30%-60%,can lower room temperatures as much as25 degrees and have the greatest impact attimes of peak energy demand, like a middayin summer.

STANDARDadapt LEED & Ashrae to raise the city standard

NEWpropose new requirements

REDUCEreduce the cost for changes and increase payback

FIX

bring old buildings up to code

INNOVATEallow for innovation

page 35, executive summary

100%

This is also included

in LEED.

10%

The allowed extension

is a new number.

75%

Adds initial cost to

construction but

reduces energy load.

25%

Could be applied to

old buildings but is

not required.

85%

Allows for moreinnovation but still

has a limit.

CODE

RANKING

Green Code Task Force

EF 6: Increase allowable size of solar shades

PER

FORMANCE

INNO

VATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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EF 10

Reduce Artificial LightingIn Sunlit Spaces

Issue:Many of New Yorks buildings have been designedto maximize daylight in interior spaces. However,these buildings often waste energy by usingartificial light when daylight could provide much ofthe required illumination.

Recommendation:Require daylight responsive controls that reduceartificial light when sufficient daylight is present.

Benefits Costs

CostSavings

Environment

Health & Safety

-

Daylight =Free LightingNumerous studies havedocumented lighting energysavings in excess of 30% fordaylight-responsive lightingcontrols in commercial spaces.




FIX




25%

This is an intent from

ASHRAE but was only

related to Watt/sf.

100%

This is a good new

combination of lighting

systems.

25%

Adds initial cost to

construction but

reduces energy load.

25%

Could be applied to

old buildings but is

not required.

85%

Allows for moreinnovation but still

has a limit.

CODE

RANKING


EF 10: Reduce artificial lighting in sunlit spaces

PER

FORMANCE

INNO

VATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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EnergyFrom AwayEven though NYC generates asignificant portion of its ownenergy, the great majority ofelectrical power is delivered tothe city through a transmission gridthat collects energy from distantpower plants. As much as 70% ofthe fuel consumed in the generationof power for the grid is lost during

generation and transmission.Removing impediments torenewable energy within NYC willmake the power grid more reliable,reducing the risk of blackoutsand brownouts.

EF 16

Remove Landmarks Impedimentsto Alternative Energy

Issue:In historic districts, rooftop equipment including solar panels, wind turbines and micro-turbines -- is not permitted if visible from thestreet without a lengthy review by the LandmarksPreservation Commission.

Recommendation:Treat alternative and distributed energy equipmentthe same as other rooftop mechanical equipment,

which is allowed to be visible from the street.

Benefits Costs

Savings

Environment

Cost

Health & Safety




FIX




0%

This is a NYC specific

issue.

75%

While not a new

proposal, it is a new

application.

0%

Adds a lot of initial

cost because buildings

are old.

100%

Gives old buildings an

opportunity to

generate energy.

85%

Allows for more

innovation.

CODE

RANKING


EF 16: Remove landmark impediments to alternate energy

PER

FORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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HT 16

Encourage Stairway Usewith Transparent Doors

Issue:Opaque doors discourage stair use by making themdifficult to locate, uninviting and less safe.

Recommendation:Require doors to public access stairs toinclude glass.

Benefits Costs

Health & Safety

Savings Cost

Environment

HT 15: CAUSES OF DEATH IN NYC




FIX




0%

This is a new

requirement.

100%

While not a new


application.

10%

Adds cost to have fire

rated glass doors

50%

Can be put in existing

stairwells.

50%

Allows for innovation,

however fire rated

materials will limit.

CODE

RANKING


HT 16: Encourage stairway use with transparent doors

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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-

EF 11

Reduce Summer Heat with Cool RoofsIssue:Light-colored roofs reflect light and heat backinto the atmosphere, thereby cooling buildingsand cities. The building code mandates white roofcoatings, but the standards are not aligned withLEED, which is used by many developers.

Recommendation:Amend specifications for cool roof coatings to alignthem with LEED.

Benefits Costs

Savings

Environment

Cost

Health & Safety

EF 11: White roofs are an inexpensiveway to reflect heat away from our cities.

--




FIX




100%

This is directly from

leed.

25%

While not a new


standard.

10%

While a cheap

intervention, the

benefit is minimal.

100%

Easily applied to

existing buildings.

10%

limits innovation.

CODE

RANKING


EF 11: Reduce summer heat with cool roofs

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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EF 14

Allow Large SolarRooftop Installations

Issue:Current regulations limit the area of roof that solar

panels can cover without counting as another floor.This can increase the effective cost of solar panels,or prevent their installation.

Recommendation:Exempt solar panels from limits onrooftop coverage.

Benefits Costs

Health & Safety

Savings

Environment

Cost

EF 15

Remove Zoning Impedimentsto Alternative Energy

Issue:The Zoning Resolution allows many categories of

mechanical equipment on a roof to exceed theallowable building height. However, equipment usedfor alternative or distributed energy is not treated assuch a permitted obstruction.

Recommendation:Treat alternative and distributed energy equipment,such as photovoltaic and solar thermal collectors, aspermitted obstructions.

Benefits Costs

Savings

Environment

Cost

Health & Safety

T T

-- .

EF 14: Solar panels on the roof of Silvercup Studios in Brooklyn.

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FIX




0%

This is a NYC

restriction issue.

100%

This is a new proposal.

75%

Adds a lot of initial

cost but also a lot of

return.

50%


opportunity to

generate energy.

85%

Allows for more

innovation.

CO

DE

RANKING


EF 14/15: Allow large solar rooftop installations/Remove zoning impediments to alternate energy

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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EE 1

Improve Energy Modeling

for Building Design

Issue:ASHRAE 90.1 allows designers to follow aprescriptive path or to use energy modelingto demonstrate compliance. Energy modeling,however, is prone to manipulation because it letsenhanced efficiency in one energy system be tradedoff against poor efficiency in another system.

Recommendation:Require projects using energy modeling todemonstrate design energy use that is 14% lowerthan the prescriptive path.

Benefits Costs

Health & Safety

Savings Cost

Environment

Energy& ClimateChange.Energy-related carbon dioxideemissions from the combustionof petroleum, coal, and naturalgas represent roughly 80% of U.S.greenhouse gas emissions.

-




FIX




75%

This is an option in an

existing standard.

75%

While not a new


application.

50%

Adds initial cost and

planning but higher

payback.

0%

Existing buildings

cannot utilize this to

its full potential.

100%

Allows for more

innovation and

building integration.

CO

DE

RANKING


EE 1: Improve energy modeling for building design

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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EE 7

Increase Lighting Efficiencyin Apartment Buildings

Issue:The current lighting requirements in the HousingMaintenance Code for hallways, stairs, and commonlaundry facilities reference an old terminology forlighting, the use of incandescent lights. They alsoimply that the lights in hallways, stair, and commonlaundry facilities should always be fully on.

Recommendation:Update the language in the code to match othercity codes, particularly the energy code. Specifya minimum efficacy for light bulbs, and expresslyallow bi-level lighting for hallways and stairs, and

occupancy sensors for laundries.

Benefits Costs

Savings Cost

Environment

Health & Safety

--

--

EE 22

Reduce Lighting PowerRequirements for Offices

Issue:An outmoded provision of the Electrical Codemandates that spaces have capacity to deliverthree times the power for lighting as is allowedunder the Energy Code. This increases cooling loadrequirements, necessitating oversized, expensiveHVAC systems.

Recommendation:Reduce the required lighting power capacity tobetter align with the Energy Code.

Benefits Costs

Health & Safety

Savings

Environment

Cost

-

-




FIX



page 43 & 49, executive summary

100%

This is an ASHRAE

standard.

50%

This is a new limit to

emergency

requirements.

75%

Reduces overall cost.

100%

Allows old buildings

to reduce lighting.

0%

Doesnt speak to

innovation.

CO

DE

RANKING


EE 7/22: Increase lighting efficiency in apartment buildings/Reduce lighting power requirements for offices

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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Awareness =

EfficiencyNew York State studies have shownthat metering tenant electrical usein a multi-famliy building can reduceapartment electricity consumptionby approximately 17%-27%.

EO 2

Measure Electricity Usein Tenant Spaces

Issue:Because electricity is often unmetered incommercial tenant spaces, tenants are unaware ofthe energy they consume. This, in turn, can lead toexcessive use and waste.

Recommendation:All new commercial tenant spaces of 10,000 squarefeet or larger shall be metered for electricity. Asimilar proposal was incorporated into the Greener,Greater Buildings Plan, which became law prior tothe issuance of this report.

Benefits Costs

Health & Safety

Savings Cost

Environment




FIX




100%

This is an existing

proposal.

75%

While not a new


idea for awareness.

30%

Could reduce

consumption.

75%

Old buildings can be

metered but its more

challenging.

10%

Metering could make

apparent areas

needing change.

CO

DE

RANKING


EO 2: Measure electricity use in tenant spaces

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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Executive SummaryFebruary 2010

NYC GREENCODESTASK FORCEA REPORT TO MAYOR MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG & SPEAKER CHRISTINE C. QUINN




FIX



100%

High priority to

prescriptive

requirements.

100%

High priority to

prescriptive

requirements.

0%

No cost priority.

33%

Low preference to

fixing existing

buildings.

66%

Some innovation

allowed.

CO

DE

RANKING


Overall

Light (Natural and

Artificial) and Energy

Related Proposals

PERFORMANCE

INNOVATE

FIX

REDUCE

NEW

STANDARD

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ENVIRONMENTALaddress ecological dilemmas

IMAGINATIONpropose new forms to stimulate ideas

INNOVATIONexplore new science and technology

INTERACTIVE

create new social interactions

INTERDISCIPLINARYcombine multiple fields

arttattler.com

100%

This is an

environmenatl system.

Collected energy is

used in the

greenhouse inside.

100%

While not totally

useful, it is very

creative.

100%

Uses new technology.

75%

People can see it, but

not interact with it.

85%

Uses wind, sun,

technology, and

architecture.

PRECEN

DENTRANKING

Precedent Study

Tomas Saraceno: Girasol (Turning City)

PERFORMANCE

interdisciplinary

interactive

innovation

imaginatio

n

environmental

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LIGHTbring light down into the center of an existing bldg

AESTHETICSmake a beautiful object and space

MATERIALSuse innovative materials

IMPACT

most impact for least intervention

REAPPLYuse this as a module for other buildings

Greendiary.com

75%

This has nice light

quality but relies on

artifical light too.

100%

This is a beautiful

object.

75%

Uses glass prisms and

tensioned synthetic

fiber.

100%

Utilizes a small shaft

and creates a big

imapct.

100%

Could easily be

applied to other

buildings.

PERFORMANCE

REA

PPLY

IMPACT

MATERIALS

AESTHETICS

LIGHT

Precedent Study

James Carpenter Design: Light pipe

PRECEN

DENTRANKING

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work.ac

100%

This allows for a lot

of natural light to get

in.

100%

This is a beautiful

object from outside

and in..

25%

Innovation forms were

used but not

innovative materials.

25%

This is a great impact

for an equally great

intervention.

85%

This could be applied

to other buildings but

structurally tough.

PERFORMANCE

Precedent Study

WORK Architecture Company: Diane von Furstenberg studio headquarters

PRECEN

DENTRANKING

LIGHTbring light down into the center of an existing bldg

AESTHETICSmake a beautiful object and space

MATERIALSuse innovative materials

IMPACT

most impact for least intervention

REAPPLYuse this as a module for other buildings

REA

PPLY

IMPACT

MATERIALS

AESTHETICS

LIGHT

C BIP P

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Executive SummaryFebruary 2010

NYC GREEN

CODESTASK FORCE

A REPORT TO MAYOR MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG & SPEAKER CHRISTINE C. QUINN

C-BIP Process

How to address city and design as inputs and outputs

Can the performative

solution then inform the

green codes?

HIGHLY

PRESCRIPTIVE

SOMEWHAT

PRESCRIPTIVE

FORMinnovation in formal qualities

MATERIALuse of new or different materials

TECHNOLOGYexplore new science and technology

REDUCE

minimize cost impact

APPLICABILITYbe able to apply to multiple buildings

ELEMENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

PROBLEM

PRESCRIPTIVE

SOLUTION

INPUT

CITY ARCHITECT

INTENT

PERFORMATIVE

SOLUTION

TOOLANALYSIS

PLAYER

S

INPUT

E

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50%

Pretty standard form.

75%

Can use a lightweight

material to reduce

load.

0%

No new technology.

10%

Reduces some energy

but added cost.

85%

Could be applied to

many buidlings.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETE

CHNOLOGYMATERIAL

FORM

Element

Combination: Transparent Stairways and Reduced Artificial Lighting




REDUCE



Element

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30%

Could be a crazy form.

100%

Will require

interesting materials.

100%

Will require

combination of

technologies.

100%


opportunity to

generate energy.

85%

Fairly applicable.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETE

CHNOLOGYMATERIAL

FORM

Element

Combination: Permitted Roof Obstruction and Daylit Space




REDUCE



Element

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100%

Interesting form.

100%

Will require a

combination of

materials.

100%

Will require a

combination of

technologies.

25%

Will reduce some cost,

but is an expensive

installation.

25%

Applicability is unsure.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETE

CHNOLOGYMATERIAL

FORM

Element

Combination: Measure usage and Turning City




REDUCE



Element

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75%

Could be more

interesting.

75%

Would need some new

materials.

100%

Requires new

technology.

85%

Reduces solar gain

and energy

consumption.

75%

Uses existing windows

and floor plates.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETE

CHNOLOGYMATERIAL

FORM

Element

Combination: Light Tube and Solar Shade




REDUCE



Vernon Roether & Bethany Borels Elements

Element

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100%

Cool void.

100%

Will require new

materials with light

transmittance.

0%

No technological

implications.

50%

An expensive

intervention.

25%

Applicability on case

by case basis.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PERFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETECHNOLOGYMATERIAL

FORM

Element

Combination: Reduce Energy and Increase natural light




REDUCE



Jason Roberts Element

Element

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100%

Cool occupiable

design.

75%

Could utilize new

materials.

100%

Uses solar panels.

85%

An expensive

installation but high

payback.

100%

Should be easily

applied to all

buildings.

ELEM

ENTRANKING

PE

RFORMANCE

APPLICABILITY

REDUCETECHNOLOGYMATERI

AL

FORM

Element

Combination: Large solar rooftop installations and DvF Studio




REDUCE



Byeongil Lees Element

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