12 Bernt Svensen

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2012-02-02www.businessregion.se

CATCH28th ± 29th June

´Future vehicle technology across EuropeExperience of biogas for vehicles in West Sweden´



A growing

Regionin the centre of Sca

ndinav

ia

Business Region Göteborg

Dept. of Business&EnvironmentThe project Biogas West

Bernt Svensén




This is Business Region Göteborg AB

Non-profit company

A regional cooperation

Contributes to business development,

new investments and a positive business

climate

80 employees




The transportation sector and vehicle fuels in EU

Biogas for vehicles

Vehicle fuels in Sweden

The project Biogas West

Lessons learnt

Contents




Vehicle fuels in EUCars within EU-15

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Million cars

1970 1980 1990 2000




Vehicle fuels in EUTransport Growth EU-15

Passengers, Goods, GDP 1990-2002

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

135

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

1 9 9 0 = 1 0 0

Passengers (1) (pkm)

Goods (2) (tkm)

GDP (at constant 1995 prices)




Vehicle fuels in EUGreen house effect and transports




Vehicle fuels in EUEU - Bio fuel directives & Target 2020

Fuels for vehicles 202010 % naturalgas (25 mill. cars)

8 % biofuels

5 % hydrogen

2 % biofuels 20055,75 % biofuels 2010

High security of energy supply




Light duty vehicles Heavy duty vehicles

Short tomiddle

long term

CNG/BiogasEthanolFT-diesel (0-100 %)Low blending(< 10 % ethanol)Hybrides

CNG/BiogasFT-diesel (0-100 %)

Low blending(< 5 % FAME)Hybrides

Longterm

2nd generation

HydrogenSynth. Biomethane

2nd generation

DMESynth. Biomethane

Vehicle fuels in EUVehicle fuels and strategies




Biogas for vehicles




Biogas West

What is biogas?

Biogas can be producedby digestion of biomass

Biogas consists of methane.Up-graded biogas is aexcellent renewable fuelfor vehicles

Sludge fromsewage

Organic wastefr householdsand industries

Agriculture

manure, rest-productsenergy crops

Biomassfeedstock




Biogas West

Why biogas?

Sustainablesystem for waste

treatment

One step towardshydrogen

technology

Less impact of the environmentand the health

Domestic fuelHigh security of energy supply

No contributionto the greenhouse effect

Wide range of biomass

feedstocks




Biogas West

Biogas potential

Digestion technology

Biomass - waste, energy cropsSmall to medium scale

Technology of today

V ery big biomass potential from

Cities Agriculture Forests

Hydrogasification

Biomass from waste, woodLarge scale

Up coming technology

Hydrogasification

Biomass from waste, woodLarge scale




Biogas West

Natural gas compared to Biogas

Very low impacts environment and health

Are used for industry, electricity/heat generation and for vehicles

Methane - fossil origin Methane ± renewable energy

Exist in every part of the world Is produced all over theworld

Bigger reserves than oil Big biomass potential

20-25 % less CO2 compare to oil CO2 neutral




Biogas West

Synergism biogas - natural gas

-

B

iogasplant Up grading

Natural gas

Possibility to produce domestic renewable fuel for vehicles

Biogas can be up graded and mixed with natural gas

Biogas can be distributed in the natural gas grid




Biogas West

Biogas up grading and injection in

the natural gas grid

Up grading equipment purifies the biogasup to 97-98% methane

Report: IEA Bioenergy, Task 24

Better distribution of biogasAdditional product for the NG companies

B

iogas can be distributed as ³green gas´ similar to ³green electricity´




Biogas West

A bridge to the renewable fuels for the future

H2 can be mixed with methane and used in vehicles

H2 can be distributed in NG-grid

H2 and CH4 can be produced in the same hydrogasification plant

Knowledge of compressed gas (CNG/CBG) in the automotiveand the energy industry can force the H2-technology development

Petrol, diesel

Otto-Diesel-engines

Natural gas/biogas

Otto-engines

Biogas, hydrogen

Otto-engines

Fuelcells

H H




Biogas West

Emissions

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) ± 50-70% lesscomp.diesel

Hydrocarbon (NMHC) ± 90% less comp.petrol

Particles ±90% less comp.diesel

Less or no greenhouse gases




Biogas West

Strategy for biogas and hydrogen as fuel for vehicles

Big potential of biomass

Efficient biogas production and up grading

Injection into natural gas grid

Co operation with hydrogen




V ehicle fuels inSweden




Total transportfuel consumption

5,75 %

Ethanol 5 %Low blending

FAME 5 %Low blending

BiogasE 85

Fuel strategy in Sweden 2010




Comparison: biogas and ethanol production

from energy crops

1 kg wheat 3,12 kWh biogas

1 kg wheat 2,25 kWh ethanol

39 %

more

energy

Ratio:Fuelproduction/Energy input

Ethanol 1,38

Biogas 2,5




Costs for biogas production in Sweden

Process ~ ¼ / kWh ~ ¼ 1 l petrol eq.

SewageTreatment

0,034 0,30

Slaughterhouse waste

0,045 0,39

Energy CropGas

0,049 0,43

Petrol price in Sweden ¼ 1,22/l

Biogas price 20 ±40 % lower




Biogas West

Biogas in Sweden

State fundings

for production &

infrastructure

No tax on renewable fuels

Low tax on CNG for

vehicle

More than 50

refuelling stations

for CBG/CNG

6000 bi-fuel cars,

buses and heavy

duty trucks

30 biogas

production plants.






Biogas West

Göteborg (4)

Trollhättan

Falkenberg

Helsingborg

MalmöLund Eslöv

Kalmar

Linköping

Stockholm (4)

Uppsala

Gas filling stations1999

= filling stations (European highways) under construction 2005

Göteborg (6) +2

TrollhättanLilla EdetLerum

Partille

Mölndal

HalmstadFalkenberg

Gnosjö

Gislaved

Helsingborg (2)

Malmö (3) +1Lund

Eslöv +1

Kristianstad +1

Kalmar

Skövde

Laholm

Linköping (3) +1

Stockholm (4) + 2

Jönköping

Västerås

EskilstunaKatrineholm

Uppsala

Norrköping +1

Red = stations under construction 2005

Kungälv

Mjölby

Nyköping

Arlanda

Stenungsund

Borås

Örebro

E

ÅstorpÄngelholm

Motala

Åtvidaberg

2005




Trollhättan

Borås

Lilla Edet

Göteborg

Vänersborg

Ulricehamn

Skövde

Laholm

Helsingborg

Malmö

Kristianstad

Eslöv

Kalmar

Jönköping

LinköpingNorrköping

Katrineholm

Stockholm

Uppsala

Eskilstuna

Production of biogas for vehicles

Biogas West

Västerås




T he project Biogas West




Biogas West

The project Biogas West

Market DevelopmentProduction

DistributionVehicles

A co-operation project

in Westsweden




Biogas West

A joint venture project between

Municipalities Companies Authorities

Project manager

Business Region Göteborg

Strong economical growthDiversified business community

High employment rate




Biogas Vä st

The actors in the biogas chain

The use of

gas vehicles

Supply of gas

vehicles

Raw materialBiogasproduction

Refuellingstations




Biogas West

Vision & Target in Westsweden

Vision 2020150 refuelling stations

200 000 vehicles

Biogas replace 170 mill.litre petrol

Target 200635 refuelling stations

7 000 vehiclesBiogas replace 14 mill.litre petrol




Strategy for market developement

Biogas West

Vehicles Co-operation with car retailers

Information & marketing

Distribution Green gas concept

Filling stations in attractive places

Production Priority of rawmaterial from agriculture

Cheapier up-grading equipments




Biogas West

Development 2001-2003

(West Sweden)

VEHICLE R EFUELLING

STATIONS

BIOGAS

GWh

ACTORS

714

18

9

28

45

11

2723

788

1683

2165

2001

2002

2003




Biogas West

Status today

(West Sweden)

Vehicles

3.030

Refuelling stations

21

Production

Capacity13 milj liter petrol




Biogas West

International network & B

iogas CitiesBiogasMax ± EU-project, 6th framework

Co-operation agreement with Calstart, California

Biogas Cities - Exchange of Best PracticeCreate market for biogas concept

Visits: California Belgium Philipins OxfordThailand Gaz de FranceGreenwich CanadaAustria Club Biogas (F)

Coming: Paris region Berlin Helsinki Beijing?




Biogas West

B

iogas CitiesExchange of Best PracticeCreating markets

Program for a visit in Göteborg:

¤ Management, discussions with City Officials¤ Visit at Volvo, test driving¤ Building infrastructure, commercial suppliers¤ Visits at Biogas Plants




Biogas West

Driving forces

¤ Commitment, engagement, environmental aspects

¤ Commercial forces, economy

¤ Reputation/image

¤ Politicians, political decisions




Difficult to get public acceptance for newtechnologies

Find winners and benefits for different actors

Lessons learnt

Key persons

Information, information, information ««««.

Results count Development instead of protection




Vision, holistic approach

Long term confidence

Lessons learnt

Incentives necessary initially Consider the offer from the end customer point of view

Cooperation with other cities

Think globally ± act locally




Biogas West

Bernt Svensén, tel: +46 31 61 56 [email protected]



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