1.2 Application of the Internet - School of Computingbill/ · © W. Buchanan, School of Computing, Napier University 1.6 Advantages of Internet shopping! If the goods are in an electronic

© W. Buchanan, School of Computing, Napier University

1.2 Application of theInternet

Internet (Globalinfrastructure

for informationwhich uses

TCP/IPcommunication)

World-wide web (WWW)

Electroniccommerce

Remote filetransfer

Remote login

Digital video/audio/applications download

Videoconferencing

Remotecontrol

Electronicmail

Distributeddatabases

Searchfacilities

+ Purchasing goods

+ Home banking

+ Electronic cash

+ MP3 audio files

+ MPEG movies (DVD/etc)

+ Software applications/updates

+ White pages

+ Key words

+ Yellow pages

Interconnectionof networks(Intranets)


1.3 Application of theInternet

Internet (Globalinfrastructure

for informationwhich uses

TCP/IPcommunication)

World-wide web (WWW)

Electroniccommerce

Remote filetransfer

Remote login

Digital video/audio/applications download

Videoconferencing

Remotecontrol

Electronicmail

Searchfacilities

+ Global database

+ Interconnected links

+ Integrated sound/text/images/video

+ Business meetings

+ Family/friends conversations

+ Remote presentations (/lectures)

+ Any size

+ Synchronization

+ Enhanced search

Interconnectionof networks(Intranets)

Distributeddatabases


1. 4 Some of the applicationsof Internet/networks HomeHome

Privatenetworks

Internet/Intranet

IndustryIndustry

+ Distributed Databases

+ Electronic Commerce

+ New markets

+ Electronic mail

+ Automated systems (front-office/paperless office)

+ Automated customers + Sharing of electronic information (design/data)

+ Technical information/backup

+ Remote control/logging

+ Integrated digital communications (Audio/Video)

+ WWW information

+ Remote working

+ Sales information

CommerceCommerce

+ Video conferencing

Provide by telecommunicationcompanies or privateorganizations


1.5 From cash-based to cashless Electronic commerce

Cash-basedsociety

Cashlesssociety

Credit/debitcards

ATM

Automatedbanking

Share dealings

withencryption

withencryption

Privatenetworks

Internet/Intranet


1.6 Advantages of Internet shopping! If the goods are in an electronic format, such as digital audio or video, the

customer can typically sample the material before buying it. A good example ofthis is listening to tracks on a music CD, or view chapters from a book. Thisallows a consumer to make a better choice on their products.

! Customers do not have transport problems on the Internet (apart from TCP/IPtransport problems).

! The Internet is open 24 hours a day, 365 days per year. It is not affected byholidays, weather, traffic and parking problems, and industrial strikes (not directly).The Internet allows for backup systems to be installed over geographically wideareas, so that companies do not have to rely on a single source of supply.

! Apart from a computer, a modem, and an Internet connection, all that is requiredis a credit or a debit card. No need to find loose change, or to wait in a queue.

! The Internet is not affected by the weather (well, not directly, of course), whiletraditional shopping involves bracing all kinds of weather (although, some weatheris pleasurableable, most of it is okay, but the rest is pretty bad).

! It can be based anywhere, in virtually any country, in any town or in any building.Traditional shopping tends to group shops around key shopping areas, such ascities, or shopping centres.

! Internet-based companies can quickly update their stock provision, at the press ofa button, worldwide. Price changes can also be quickly reported.

! Internet-based companies can typically offer a much greater supply of goods, asthey do not necessarily have to have the good they display, actually in stock. Theycan simply take and order, and then quickly order the goods from the supplier.


1.7 Problems with Internet shopping! Internet shopping typically depends on the postal service

delivery, which can take days to deliver a single package.

! Internet shopping is highly dependant on the speed ofdelivery from the supplier. Problems with suppliers can leadto lengthy time delays.

! Post and package can considerably add to the cost of goods.Typically goods are cheaper on the Internet, but when postand packaging are added they end up being less of a bargain.

! Consumers are quickly put-off by bad service, and slowdelivery times. Typically, a consumer will only allow deliverytimes of a few days; once it is greater than this they maybecome annoyed, and not purchase over the Internet, again.

! Internet shopping is becoming swamped with too manysuppliers. It is often difficult to differentiate the good onesfrom the bad ones.

! For non-electronic good, such as clothes and jewellery, theconsumer cannot properly feel, look-at, or touch the goods,and will simply waste time in sampling them (similar to buyingthrough a mail-order company).


1.8 Internet infrastructure

Internet infrastructure– any link may fail, butall nodes will still be ableto communicate, using a different route

Connection toanother node


1.10 DNS

Domainname server (DNS)

WWW browser asksthe DNS for the IPaddress for the domain name

DNS returns backthe IP address of thedomain name

Once WWW browser has theIP address of the destination, itcan then access it

DNS may interrogateother DNS’s to determineIP address

InternetInternet


1.9 Connection to the Internet(ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE!)

Internet

Kitchen appliances- status- configuration- servicing

Cookers- automatic control- remote monitoring of cooking

Cameras- security systems- long-distance monitoring- ‘virtual’ holidays

Central heating- automatic control- monitoring- automated billing- fault diagnosis

Cars- real-time diagnostics- servicing monitoring- efficiency calculations- tracking systems


1.11 Basic Computer System

Computer System

ProcessingUnit

(with a stored program anddata storage)

ProcessingUnit

(with a stored program anddata storage)Data

inputDataoutput

ElectronicMemorystorage

ElectronicMemorystorage

Back-upstorage

Back-upstorage

+ Hard disk+ CD-ROM+ Flash Memory+ Floppy disk+ Tape backup

+ RAM+ ROM

Data/programtransfer


1.12 Computer Systems

Hardware

Operating System:- Creating a file system- Copying/deleting/moving files- Interfacing with hardware (with drivers)- Networking

UserInterface- Windows- Icons- Menus- Pointers

MicrosoftWindows(GUI)

MicrosoftWindows95/98 (OS)

X-Windows

Unix

DOSLinux

X-Windows Windows 3.x

Applicationsoftware(Word Processor/Spreadsheet/Database/etc)

User

MicrosoftWindowsNT (OS)


1.13 Top 15 Achievers

• IBM PC (for creating a global market, and changing modern life)• TCP/IP (for connecting computers to the Internet)• Electronic Mail (for being the best application, ever)• Microsoft (for making all the right choices, and winning in virtually every

market that they compete in)• Intel (for keeping the industry-standard for PC processors)• 6502/Z80 processors (for providing excellent processors)• Apple II (for being an excellent computer)• Ethernet (for its ease of use, its robustness, its upgradeabliity, and so on)• WWW (for creating a global database)• Apple Macintosh (for a computer that was 10 years ahead of the PC)• Compaq DeskPro 386 (for its excellent specification, and stealing the market

from IBM)• Sun SPARC (for its openness, its excellent specification , its Unix, and X-

Windows)• Commordore Amiga (for being an excellent computer)• Sinclair Research (for the Sinclair Spectrum)• Compaq (for making all the right decisions, at the right time)


1.14 Top 15 Underachievers

• DOS (for being such as horrible, nasty operating system, that failed to use thefull potential of the PC)

• Intel 8088 (for having such a difficult internal architecture, and being sodifficult to program for)

• DEC Alpha (for failing to reach its potential)• Zilog Z8000 processor (for failing to be compatible with the Z80 processor)• DEC (for missing the PC)• Fairchild Semiconductor (for failing to cash-in on their ideas)• Xerox (as Fairchild Semiconductor)• PCjr (for completely failing to follow the success of the IBM PC)• OS/2 (for missing the point and trying to be an operating system which could

be used on mainframes, minicomputers and PC)• CP/M (for missing the PC operating market)• MCA (for failing to create a new standard, and losing IBM a great market

share)• Seattle Computer Products (for selling DOS to Microsoft)• Sinclair Research (for the QL and C-5)• MSX (for failing to create a standard for PC software)• Lotus Development (for missing the market for Microsoft Windows)

Documents

1.2 Application of the Internet - School of Computingbill/ · © W. Buchanan, School of Computing, Napier University 1.6 Advantages of Internet shopping! If the goods are in an electronic