11 Practice Test 2

7/23/2019 11 Practice Test 2

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Biology Test- Chapter 11: Introduction to Genetics

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Gregor Mendel used pea plants to studya. flowering.

b. gamete formation.

c. the inheritance of traits.

d. cross-pollination.

2. Offspring that result from crosses between true-breeding parents with different traits

a. are true-breeding.

b. make up the F2generation.

c. make up the parental generation.d. are called hybrids.

3. he chemical factors that determine traits are called

a. alleles.

b. traits.

c. genes.

d. characters.

!. Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are

a. not inherited by offspring.

b. inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring.

c. determined by dominant factors only.

d. determined by recessi"e factors only.

#. $hen Gregor Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant% the F1plants inherited

a. an allele for tallness from each parent.b. an allele for tallness from the tall parent and an allele for shortness from the short parent.

c. an allele for shortness from each parent.

d. an allele from only the tall parent.

&. he principle of dominance states that

a. all alleles are dominant.

b. all alleles are recessi"e.

c. some alleles are dominant and others are recessi"e.

d. alleles are neither dominant nor recessi"e.

'. $hen Gregor Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short plants% all the offspring were tall

because

a. the allele for tall plants is recessi"e.b. the allele for short plants is dominant.

c. the allele for tall plants is dominant.

d. they were true-breeding like their parents.

(. ) tall plant is crossed with a short plant. *f the tall F1pea plants are allowed to self-pollinate%a. the offspring will be of medium height.

b. all of the offspring will be tall.

c. all of the offspring will be short.


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d. some of the offspring will be tall% and some will be short.

+. he principles of probability can be used to

a. predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses.

b. determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses.

c. predict the traits of the parents used in genetic crosses.

d. decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses.

1,. *n the generation% a tall plant is crossed with a short plant. he probability that an F2plant will be tall isa. #,.

b. '#.

c. 2#.

d. 1,,.

11. Organisms that ha"e two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

a. hybrid.

b. homo/ygous.

c. hetero/ygous.

d. dominant.

Tt

T t

TT

T TT Tt

T TT Tt

T = tall

t = short

Figure 11-1

12. *n the unnett s0uare shown in Figure 11-1% which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the

cross t 4

a. )bout half are epected to be short.

b. )ll are epected to be short.

c. )bout half are epected to be tall.

d. )ll are epected to be tall.

13. he genotypic ratio of the offspring in Figure 11-1 is5a. 252t c. 152t51tt


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b. 2tall52short d. 3tall51short

1!. he phenotypic ratio of the offspring in Figure 11-1 is5

a. 252t c. 152t51tt

b. 2tall52short d. ! tall

1#. ) unnett s0uare shows all of the following 6786a. all possible results of a genetic cross.

b. the genotypes of the offspring.c. the alleles in the gametes of each parent.

d. the actual results of a genetic cross.

1&. *f you made a unnett s0uare showing Gregor Mendel9s cross between true-breeding tall plants and true-breeding

short plants% the s0uare would show that the offspring had

a. the genotype of one of the parents.

b. a phenotype that was different from that of both parents.

c. a genotype that was different from that of both parents.

d. the genotype of both parents.

1'. $hat principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing eachother9s inheritance

a. principle of dominance

b. principle of independent assortment

c. principle of probabilities

d. principle of segregation

1(. :ow many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype

wasRrYYa. 2

b. !

c. (

d. 1&

1+. *f a pea plant that is hetero/ygous for round% yellow peas RrYy4 is crossed with a pea plant that is homo/ygous for

round peas but hetero/ygous for yellow peas RRYy4% how many different phenotypes are their offspring epected

to show

a. 2

b. !

c. (d. 1&

2,. ;ituations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant o"er another allele for that gene are called

a. multiple alleles.

b. incomplete dominance.

c. polygenic inheritance.d. multiple genes.

21. ) cross of a red cow


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22. he number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol

a. =.

b. 7.

c. >.

d. ?.

23. *f an organism9s diploid number is 12% its haploid number is

a. 12.

b. &.

c. 2!.

d. 3.

2!. Gametes ha"e

a. homologous chromosomes.

b. twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells.

c. two sets of chromosomes.

d. one allele for each gene.

2#. Gametes are produced by the process ofa. mitosis.

b. meiosis.

c. crossing-o"er.

d. replication.

Figure 11-3

2&. $hat is shown in Figure 11-3 Figure 11-1& in your book4

a. independent assortment

b. anaphase * of meiosisc. crossing-o"er

d. replication

2'. 8hromosomes form tetrads during

a. prophase of meiosis *.

b. metaphase of meiosis *.

c. interphase.

d. anaphase of meiosis **.

2(. $hat happens between meiosis * and meiosis ** that reduces the number of chromosomes

a. 8rossing-o"er occurs.


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b. Metaphase occurs.

c.


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3(. ) trait is a specific characteristic that "aries from one indi"idual to another. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

3+. )n organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a trait will sometimes show that trait.

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

!,. $hen alleles segregate from each other% they Doin. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

!1. he probability that a gamete produced by a pea plant hetero/ygous for stem height Tt4 will contain the recessi"e

allele is 1,,. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

!2. Mitosis results in two cells% whereas meiosis results in one cell. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

!3. he different forms of a gene are called5a. factors c. traits

b. alleles d. gametes

!!. $hen two hetero/ygous tall pea plants are crossed% the epected genotype ratio of the offspring is5

a. 351 c. 252

b. 15251 d. !5,

!#. he principle of independent assortment states that CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC for different traits can segregate

independently during the formation of gametes.

a. se cells c. characteristics

b. chromosomes d. genes

!&. *f pea plants that are homo/ygous for round% yellow seeds RRYY4 were crossed with pea plants that are

hetero/ygous for round% yellow seeds RrYy4% the epected phenotypes4 of the offspring would be5

a. round% yellow c. round% greenb. wrinkled% yellow d. wrinkled% green

!'.


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#1. ?ou wish to determine whether a tall pea plant is homo/ygous or hetero/ygous for tallness. $hat cross should you

perform to arri"e at your answer 6plain your choice of cross.

#2. 6plain the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance.

#3. 8ontrast the cells produced by mitosis with those produced by meiosis.

#!. 8omplete the following dihybrid cross5 Gg


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Biology Test- Chapter 11: Introduction to Genetics

Anser !ection

M"#TI$#E C%&ICE

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1,. )>;5 B ;5 1 E*F5 6 OB5 11.2.1

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1!. )>;5 E ;5 1

1#. )>;5 E ;5 1 E*F5 ) OB5 11.2.2

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OB5 11.1.1

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#,

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d. two recessi"e alleles

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E!!A+

#1. )>;5

he tall pea plant should be crossed with a short pea plant. *f the tall pea plant is homo/ygous% all of the offspring

will be tall. *f the tall pea plant is hetero/ygous% it is likely that about half of the offspring will be tall and half willbe short.

;5 1 E*F5 ) OB5 11.2.2

#2. )>;5

*n incomplete dominance% one allele is not completely dominant o"er another. )s a result% the hetero/ygous

phenotype is intermediate between the two homo/ygous phenotypes. *n codominance% both alleles are dominant.

)s a result% the hetero/ygous phenotype is a combination of each homo/ygous phenotype.

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agf

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11 Practice Test 2