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11
MoRR Policy Review Workshop
13-14 December 2011
Presentation by Susanne Schmeidl (TLO )
Nassim Majidi (Samuel Hall )
Returnee Reintegration:
Knowledge Gaps
Summing Up
2
Knowledge gaps“The nature of reality is this: It is hidden, and
it is hidden, and it is hidden.” – Rumi
What does reintegration mean in Afghanistan today?
3
KNOWLEDGE GAPS
“What people say, what people do, and what they say they do are entirely different things.” – Margaret Mead
WHERE returnees really are? Returnee monitoring – rural and urban
WHO returnees really are? Going beyond a policy category: timing of return
WHAT has been their return experience? Changing social environments
WHAT returnees are currently doing? Multiple push, pull, coping strategies
HOW do they perceive their reintegration process? Subjective indicators
HOW do they see their future? What are the scenarios?
4
Practical Gaps / Research Needs
5
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
1. Profiling of Key Returnee Areas: Trying to Unpack Trends of Return Migration and Displacement
Secondary displacement
New trends of internal displacement (IDP trends)
Trends of anticipatory migration patterns (Dubai, India, Europe etc.)
Labour migration and mixed migration trends
Migration smuggling
Trafficking
Unaccompanied minors in the West
6
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
2. Profiling of Underserved Key Returnee Areas
Comparison of returnees vs. host populations
Build on World Bank study on informal settlements in Kabul, extend to major urban areas
See returnees as part of a whole
How is “parity” understood and defined?
An economic framework for understanding welfare parity
Referring to other studies – e.g. report on reintegration in Burundi
7
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
3. Improving Understanding of Returnee-Migration Nexus
Return does not (and cannot) equal staying put
What are returnees’ own migration choices / coping strategies?
Understanding re-integration for Kuchis: double-edged sword
Forcing them to stay put , or
Forcing to resume nomadic lifestyle?
Understanding re-integration for other minorities: stateless people, e.g. Jogi communities
8
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
4. Behind Protection: Core Protection Priorities for Afghan Returnees & IDPs
What are the key protection concerns?
Efforts to establish a protection monitoring system
What are the protection concerns that can be assessed and that can be followed-up on concretely?
How can response to protection issues be organized and coordinated?
9
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
5. Land and reintegration: Taking stock
Proper assessment about LAS
Feasibility of return to certain areas (e.g. Pashtuns in the North)
Revising current LAS policy for areas of origin only
Overall understanding of recent land-grabbing, tenure security etc.
10
Practical Gaps and Research Needs
6. Adequate Assessment of National Programs
NSP, NABDP, NSDP etc.
How are they (indirectly) facilitating sustainable return and reintegration?
How are they contributing?
How could they contribute?
How to work through them or possibly reform them to perform better?
Cooperation of Afghan Ministries (MoRR, MRRD, MUDH etc.)
11
Methodology Gaps“If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be
called research, would it?” – Albert Einstein
How can we reliably portray returnee realities?
12
METHODOLOGY GAPS
Direct data gathering
Dynamic – longitudinal – research
Growing divide between quantitative and qualitative methods
Desk Review and Peer Review
13
ContactsNassim Majidi, Director, Samuel Hall [email protected] , Tel +93797978206
Susanne Schmeidl, Head Research/Peacebuilding, The Liaison Office (TLO)[email protected], Tel +93797367435