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CD Integrated Logistics
SL PORT PLANNING GUIDEfor DoD Systems an(' Equipmerit
October 15, 1968
Members of the Militaory Dtparll;rnnts ihoulid equiiitior this document through their a wn ogarnttons it is irsted for public solo by the
Supenntendent of Documents. C,ove rnment Prir'ing Office, Washnqtn,, D.C. 20402 Cmrim nts or questions ritiwding th, Guide'i contents
may hre oddrrtsd to the Ofle of Mo ntenance Pooty, Aitr'" *ecr~tory cf 0 , rnso foT Initolltoion, and Logistics, the Pentagon,
Washington, 0 C 20301
N(D. [)jL) D,,trve 4100 35)
OFFICE OF THE SECRETAK 7 OF DEFENSE
WASOINGTON, i) C. "Qj01
October 1968
FORWARDING MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: Inte4rueed Logistics support Planning Guide
This document represents a key step towards an emerging improved Systems Engineering
proces. for Defense systems and equipment, which has as its goal the achievement of proper
balance b2tween operational, economic, and logistics factors. While in ikself not on
instrument to be applied to a specific programn, the guide provides the basis for Proct
Managers to tailor their management planning of specific tasks, at the appropriate iel
of detail, 'or logistics support planning and hWtegrotio ,
It is the consensus of Defense an industry alike that achitrvement of integrated logistic
support is dependent upon the integration of logistis considerations and logistics planning
into the systems engineering and design prozess. Also, that when logisticians and designers
make program decisions based on the full military and economic consequence of their actions,
the result will be superior force effectiveness at the lowest total cost.
The contents of the guide are dedicated to this end.
THOMAS D. MORRIS FINN J. LARSEN
Assistant Secretary of Defense Deputy Directo -, Defense(Installations and Logistics) Research & Engineering
Contents
pageFORE WORD ii
-ExP6_ of pfyc A e 3ucl cA'' dleines integrated Logistics Supr:-rt as an objective 'eachedthFouS management. Pr. ide, an overvie% of the support management relationships to pfoject man-agement, unctional mo-:magemnent zand cofmandl
2- SYCFEM DESIGN SUPRT !NTEIFACE 15-Details a typical lhfi cIA ,euh 'np 6etween system dvsiqn and support program events ior coordi-nated management decisions.
3. MAINTAINABLITY AND41 RLAILTY 37-Eryconsidercion of tihee:qupment design and supprt characteristics which will p-cidle the desired
mission effectivcnes_ at o~tn,; life cycle cost.
4.MAIN TENAb'1U PLANNIN 47
-Dfnsr upotrqjve~soc ln o mauntenance to sahtsfy operational goals. a l
f--r d,~meiV and ade-:uote Pcices,. repair parts, and sp~ecial supplies to satisfy opero'o'.os cinamorilenance functions
7 TRA NSPOTAPON AND HANDUNG 71--Early consideicanr of ',n~ortcbi~y during design, and selection of optimum transportation,
hondling, packo,,)n, or ,-rewycitton meroclos.
8 TECHNCAL DATA 79-16rentifl (and record fat on-call ose all ticrhnical information necessaiy for the efficient operation andsupport u, equipmient
9 h identification, sciection, and programmig of facilities to accomplish the support mission 8
Page10 PERSONNEL AND TRAIN':3 93
-- The di ntifwc.tion and programing of isills, peyonnei, and trainms to satisfy operaticns and moin-tenonce req,. -:.,ens
11. FUNDING 101-Timely detemina'i.on and allocation of funds for requi;ed su i oa. including but not limited to croroim
revie, and aoroval points, as delineated in contract commitments and for in-house needs.
12 MANAGEMENT DATA 109-Selectve identification and ise of infornotion and control sysems or the collection and dissemino-tion of performance dato nzcessary for support manaigement.
Figures
Figure Nomenclature Page
1 The ILS Management Mission .n Perspective 22 Weapons Equipment Program-Proiect Management Functions 4
3 Support Impact on System Design4 Key Systems M'nagement Events 1 .
5 System Design Supoort Management Interface (kS & SM) 34
6 Maintainability and Reliability (MR) 447 Maintenance Planning k'MP) 5'2
8 Support and Test Equipment (SE) 60V Jupply Sippoft (SS) 68
10 Transpooation and Hcndlmng (TH) 7611 Technical Dta (TD) 8212 Facilitivs (FA) 90
13 Personnel and Training (PT) 914 Funding (F) 106
1 5 Manogemnt Data (MD) 114
16 Monoemen, Mot~,- I-i.g"n. Loq,,;,c! Support Planning Events 116
vi
An Introduction to
sonnel
Per $7Training S S $ S S $Transpoctation S S SFacilities S S S S SSpares S 1 $ S S S SRepair Parts $ S S STechnical Data S S SSpecial Supplies S SSupport Equip S $ SMaintenance Plans STest and Suppowrt 5 S
[Ju l] III ;I fifl I I 112Ell 14 k k
THE ItS MANAGEMENT MISSIONIN PERSPECTIVE4 0
- isio ReadinesS Trotugn Mne Tirnely MISSIION READY UNITSand Effective Integration of AllSueport Factors witm CredibleEfficiency.
MISSION
COMMANDS
/ SYSTEM, SUPPORT/COMMANDS
-Z7
SEPARATE
CO SERVICES
JOINT CHIEFS
SERVICESECRETARIESh
~ DEPARTMENTOFODEFENSE
SUPPORT ELEMENJS ARE ORGANIZATIONS TELL SYSTEMS, DISCIPLIPES,-%-Is t magge""Whomnaes"AND TECHNIQUES ARE
Tk~s t Mmag" "Wi ~uae I "Way to mamage"
SUPPORTING CON TRACTORS AND INDUSTRIAJBASEV
-tgure I
ii1
Introduction
Although defense components and industry have contributed to the development ofIntegrated Logistic Support (ILS) concepts expressed in DoD Directive 4100.35, differencesin the interpretation and implementation of its broad objectives exist at all levels. Theseconcepts and objectives call for positive management actions integrating all supportelements in order to maximize tile availability of equipment and optimize support costs.
This guide presents a systematic management approach to the early integration ofsupport criteria into design activities. It provides a credible technical basis for developingsignificantly improved life cycle cost estimates within the performance and availabilityrequirements of the mission. It should assist managers within industry and the Services inpreparing their own definitive plans for the development and management of supportrequirements and activities.
The guide also identifies the interrelated elements of logistic support requiring project-type management. It places them in perspective with both mission objectives and suchother varied functional management disciplines and techniques as systems engineering,procurement policies, life-cycle costing, configuration management, value engineering,quality assurance, resource management, etc. (see fig. I). This chart lists as "Ways toManage" some of the products of such functional management organizations as maintenance,supply, procurement, the comptroller, etc. It is significant to note here that traditionally,these functional managers usually achieve recognition through the conservation of resources.
Figure 1 separately lists some of these same functions as "Support Elements," or"Things to Manage." These, along with other system acquisition activities such as programadministration and control, system design, and production arc also important interfacingfunctions of l)roject management (luring the development and acquisition of new systemsand equipment (see fig. 2).
Unlike the functional manager, acquisition project managers usually achieve recogni-tion through the application and expenditure of resources. These differenL motivations offunctional managers and project managers are in fact essential and complementary featuresof materiel management.
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Project management is not restricted to acquisition activities. Commodity manage-ment and other management-by-exception techniques such as NORS (not operationailyready, supply), critical item lists, hi-value and weapons system accounts are also forms ofproject management.
Conflicts between project and functional managers within the logistics disciplinesthemselves often have been settled for the lowest apparent cost, without consideration offuture effects on equil)ment availability or supl)port costs. Functional management policiesshould be selected to optimize total operational support costs. It is believed that this canhest be accomplished through a systems engineering approach to integrated logistic supportplanning of the sort presented in this document.
It is the responsilility of top commanders and executives to esiubll;'h responsive policies,priorities and review l)ro(edures which advance these ILS objectives and which will effec-tively allocate availal)ie resources among competing project managers.
Intended as a reference document for use in ILS planning, the Guide provides a roadmap of key actions in stIpport of a typical major system development. It derives its authorityfrom existing Defense objectives, policies, and directives. Wherever it is not compatible,it will identify an interfacing problem area which requires resolution.
The various contributors to the document soon discovered that their separate Service-oriented terminology was the only impediment to almost unanimous agreement on thetechnical subject matter. This resulted in the necessity to use common terms. While someterms may be unfamiliar to those who are used to specialized nomenclature, the meaningsshould neverthele-s be clear inasmuch as dictionary definitions are used.
1.1 Deinition oF Integrated Logistics Support
DoD Directive 4100.35 describes Integrated Logistics Support as:
a composite of the elements nece,sary to assure the effective and economicalsupport of a system or equipment at all levels of maintenance for its programmed lifecycle. It is characterized by the harmony and coherence obtained between each of itselements . . ."
What is described is the life cycle task of support management. It includes responsibilityfor preserving continuity in the systematic planning, development, acquisition, and operationof weapons and equipment in ordei to maximize readiness and optimize costs.
1.2 Application
ILS planning will provide visibility of the support requirements essential for improvedlife cycle costing and systems analysis trade-offs. It can also provide a sound baseline for
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achieving lower costs per unit of equipment use through life cycle costing and total packageprocurement techniques. Development of meaningful ILS readiness performance and sup-port requirements in contract specifications will permit better control of major supportcosts, will provide earlier and better performance specifications to the contractor and mayprovide earlier means of achieving demonstrable life cycle cost comparisons. This specificallyrequires systematic analyses of the design considerations and support requirements to deter-mine their interdependent impact on each other. This is accomplished during the conceptformulation, contract definition and development phases as the logistics input to the systemsengineering process of design optimization. These procedures are designed to minimizelater costly charges to production hardware and the expensive modifications of operationalequipment (see fig. 3).
The guide describes discreet management actions which might be performed by con-tractor or Service program managers. Program plans and contracts must specify the assign-ment of responsibility for these actions. Only key program actions and approval points (forsystems and equipment of average complexity) have been included in the support manage-ment networks. They would demand abbreviation for off-the-shelf or minor equipment
procurements and expansion for specialized and complex systems (e.g., insertion of additionalevents). Further, procurement methods will markedly influence responsibilities and actions.Service project managers and industrial contractors must tailor the events to their particularrequirements. Specific procedures and interfacing procurement practices must be designedwith clarity and simplicity as the goal.
1.3 Planning Life Cycle Support Management
Integrated logistic support planning during acquisition requires management of thefollowing selected activities or elements:
* Maintainability and Reliability (MR) - Technical Data (TD)* Maintenance Planning (MP) - Facilities (FA)* Support and Test Equipment (SE) , Personnel and Training (PT)" Supply Support (SS) * Funding (F)* Transportation and Handling (TI) * 'Management Data (MD)
Certain departments and agencies within the Department of Defense may present.;,or in the future, classify elements of support differently for purposes of management empha-sis. Such differences are of secondary importance as long as two basic requirements are met.The breakdown chosen must include consideration of all required support managementactivities. The elements chosen must be fanctionally related to permit their assignment totask-oriented individuals and organizations.
7
The engineering disciplines of ma" itainability and reliability are listed as elements
from the standpoint of their maintenance preventative roles. These disciplines are also needed
to perform trade-offs between support elements, and provide key characteristics inputs from
support management to design. It is recognized that they must also remain as functions of
design to perform engineering apportionment of performance goals to subsystems and
components.Two separate elements are used to define support data requirements. Experience has
shown that much confusion stems from failing to separately consider the management of
technical hardware descriptions and related instructional or procedural manuals from the
collection and analysis of periodic or transient performance and failure data. Although
technical in nature, these latter data measure the results of organizationally combined
equipment and people of various skills in various mission environments. While common
hardware coding identification should be maintained, the differentiation of these two ele-
ments of data as "technical" (for hardware descriptions and procedures) and "management"
(for evaluation of equipment and organizational support capabilities) is considered essential.
The fact that such essential management functions as quality assurance, configuration
management, value engineering, cost reduction, and others have not been included as ILS
elements should in no way be interpreted as detracting from their importance. Some are more
properly listed as elements under the project management functions of Administration and
Control, System Design, or Production. Others are techniques of management such as cost
reduction or contract support that could be applied across the board to any activity (figs.
1 and 2).There are also numerous technical innovations, such as "numeric controls" for machine
tools, which may offer new and significant options in spares provisioning or other areas for
management improvement. Many excellent mathematical models and simulation procedures
fall into this category. While these kinds of techniques will continue to be of tremendous
importance to the support manager or .pecialist, their ILS application must be left to his
expcrtise and ingenuity due to practical limitations on the scope of this book.
Figure 4 charts a systems engineering approach to integrating the project management
functions of support and production with system design (also see fig. 2). Key life-cycle
events for each of these project management functions are depicted, and the chart represents
a systems engineering approach to their interface with the controlling events of system design.
The charting techniques used in this document necessarily show integration between
support and production with system design through their respective functional management
event lines. While this is in accord with the alignment of management responsibility, standard
management practices permitting the delegation of lateral coordination between elements
(with resolution of unsolved problems elevated to the next level) should be understood.
Subsequent chapters of the guide will expand upon the event relationship between
8
System Design, Support Management, and each of the support elements. A summarization
of these activities in each life cycle phase follows:
Concept Formulation Phase support planning activities begin with the definitionof top level functions needed to satisfy operational capability, e.g., new mission,weapon system, or equipment. Included in this required operational capability
document is an estimate of the current support capability which may satisfythese functions. Current support capability is defined as existing procedures,repair facilities, skills, and equipment which could be used to accommodate a
new requirement. Trade-off studies are performed to find different means of
satisfying those requirements which cannot effectively be satisfied by existingsupport capabilities. The best of these support concepts are selected and includedin the 5-year Defense Program along with the prime equipment selection. Theselected concept(s), along with requirements to be levied on the contractors forcontract definition, is included in a logistic support section within the systemdevelopment plan. Management should plan for inclusion of the cadre of conceptformulation support personnel into definition phase activities. This will helpassure continuity of support planning. The preservation of technical competenceand continuity of experience through all life cycle phases are major factors inavoiding unnecessary support expenditures. Command prerogatives availablewithin each Service to maintain such continuity in equipment support projectmanagement include: (1) insuring compatibility between the functional andorganizational support relationships, (2) personnel policies which maximizeexperience through training and reassignments between operational and system/support commands, (3) effective procedures for the timely collection, analysis,and dissemination of management, performance, usage, and historical data,
(4) protection of budgeted funds for travel I between locations of activitiesparticipating in the program, and (5) judicious use of contract technical repre-sentatives, contract technicians, consultants, and other contract services asrequired.
C (ontract Definition Phase support planning activities are based on the logisticsrequirements in the system development plan. The technical requirements arecombined with management planning criteria providing guidance on the respective
planning and support responsibilities of the service and contract program man-agers for inclusion in the rqeuest for proposal. Proposal evaluation criteria isalso documented for subsequent use by source selection board personnel. Con-tractor proposals should be evaluated for: (1) The degree to which they meet or
'"Protection of budgeted funds for "ravel" is an objective which should be given consideration to
enhance integrated logistics support plannig.
9
eceed" infimuml readiness requirements andi other support specificat io)m$, (21
eomipfirative (r~aiiof life cycle cost estimates.. and (3) (ienonstrabilhv of
51)ecificatiouis goals and requirements. Successive iterations of these proposal
actjvities are often necessary to select an optimumn equipment and suprort
ap~proach. TIhese actions result in development of definitive peelificatilons forequipmrent ai d its support.
The selected contractor support plan and detailed technical and management
criteria for dlevelopmenlt phase planning are c'ombined in a logistics support plan
for inclision in developnment phase contracets. Ant ici pa ted requirements for
maintenance act ions, equipnment, p~ersonnel, training, spares, and data fire
identified. Development contracts must define equiipmient re~diness (in termns of
maintainability and reliability requirem-ents) as well as other supp)ort require-
ments and constraints, schedufles and controls, and subsystem and system
deniorst rat ions to be conducted for valida tion of :dl s;'ecification requir-nlents.
Derelopmnent Phas( support planning activities begin with the dcefinition of more
detailed logistics support concep~ts tind resource requirements t~ thle sys';-emn
equipnment design, progresses . A1,intc,.-anee actions, times, levels, locations, mid
the requirements for spares and repair parts, facilities, personnel, training,
training equipment, technical data, tools and test equipment are refinied. L.ogistics
sup~port lper-sonnel p~articip~ate in design reviews andl lard~ ..;e tests and (lei-On-
st rat ions. All resulti~ng changes :Are evaluated lby suf poit eleimetnt Si eeRialists for
theiir imipact oif supp~ort requir-nents and functions, D~esign support trade-
offs !rc conducted, Iregram managemient app'roval based on Otze trade -offsresults in establ~.inmient of atj 1 fio.ed lproduif' baseline configuration and l Hease
of initial p~rodluct ion contracts. I ncliuie-t withbin thlese cont r:icts mnust he thespecifitin foadmen of diemonst rating at tainmient of operati~onal reAi-
ness performance goalh.
Productioti Phase sup~port lplann* r activit ics start withI thle comiplet ion and
release of d& tailed procurement specifications for hiardwvare and support ing,
itemls. Limi11ted quan11tities of t liesev rosources are p~rocured for test. A first article
inspect ion is conduictedl It include!; the evaluation of suplport resources andthiir speci fica t is. Ac cept aince of t hese resources to thI eir s pecltica t U fs est. i) -
I ilies a fir produ (hict I Useline for fo)how-on) pro cu remient. Serv ice ti:sts are conI-
(liltcd In ;1 pre14lanne-o olperatioual enivironmeint to v'erifv user mii~lhlhty and
lhe ziclmieenien t of suppor){ t rc; ii ireiuien ts. D eficiencies, found diuring tes-t. are
corrected by engineering chii* e. Thl e changes; are evaluated fo r t heirc i lipaot
on siiupport planning p rior to their incorp( u.it ion In to fodiow-on proili cti )1
10
items. The availability of support resources necessary for equipping the firstoperational organization is verified.
Operational Phase support activities begin prior to delivery of initial productionunits to the first operating organization for suitability testing. During this test,operational and support plans and resources are evaluated for achievement oftheir prescribed goals. All deficiencies are identified and evaluated by design/support trade-offs prior to making modification decisions. Modifications incor-porated either in new production runs or as minor changes at the operating unitare documented together with the reason for the change. This information, aswell as subsequent support management data, is made available to similar supportplanning efforts.
Equipment modernization or phase-out for technical reasons is dependent onadvancements in the state-of-the-art, revised mission requirements and evalu-ations of the cost-effectiveness of maintaining existing inventories compared toreplacement with better equipment.
1.4 Use of the Guide
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the purpose, application and contents of the guide.Chapter 2 describes the system design and support management relationships necessary tothe planning of logistic support. Chapters 3 through 12 describe the life-cycle programevents for the selected support elements. Foldouts at the end of each chapter illustrate therequired interface between each support element and design management, and supportmanagement. These chapters also portray each element's rilationship to design, production,test and operations.
After reading the first chapter and through tl~e introduction to chapter 2, the executiveseeking a general understanding of the systems engineering approach to ILS planning canskip to the last foldout chart, figure 16, for an overview of the life-cycle relationship betweenall support elements in terms of specific support actions. Support managers will find it con-venient to follow foldout charts for each chapter while reading consecutive action blockdescriptions. They should also note their responsibilities for the selective use ef technicaland administrative tools described in chapters 11 and 12 covering the support managementelements of "Funding" and "Data."
In its entirety, the guide provides a "kit of tools" for use by program managers, designers,and logisticians. It is intended as an aid to assist them in tailoring or critiquing logisticsplans and actions in support of equipment readiness.
The guide does this by providing examples of logistics actions which might be accom-plished during the life cycle of a typical equipment program. It is not an inflexible plan. Itis intended to help project managers tailor program milestones to fit their own peculiar
31o-,3*7o.18- 2 11
development requirements, as modified by the degree of system cemplexity, procurement A
metho&, etc.Aithough the guide itself is not a contractual document, its basic proce'1res are work-
able to(day within the framework of existing policies and directives of the separate servicesif project managers and contractors choose to plan tneir own action sequences and negotiate
them into the contracts.
12
V FuKtch" Daseh' Appoovai V Allai 8awelime' A~tovjVAi FO&d Rellems 9or of Perkioxe Specifications
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System Availability Self Sufficiency Cross Servicing Transportation
Maintainability Commonality Capability Rapid Resupply
Reliability Special Test Responsibility Redistribution
Repair Built-in Test Standardization Handling
Replace Universal Test State-of-the-Art Packaging
Fixed Base Skill Training Breakthrough Preservation
Mobility Fault Isolation Cyclic Overhaul ECP's
Deployment Redundancy Planned Replacement Production Change
Bare Base Modular Replacement Facilities Mods Field ModificationsNew Construction
2System Design/Support Interface
2.1 Introduction
Support planning requires a close and dynamic working relationship between systemdesign and support management. It involves repeated review and refinement of emergingsupport requirements and their probable impact on design objectives, including operationaland readiness performance characteristics. Quantified operational readiness performancespecifications (in the form of maintainability and reliability characteristics and projectedsupport requirements) thus become a yardstick against which design and support can bedefined in terms of assigned tasks and needs and evaluated in terms of finite measurements.Tbse requirements, or key characteristics, must be expressed in terms of "numbers" meas-uring gross system availability, utilization, downtime, turnaround, crew requirements,maintenance man-hours per operating hour, defined constraints, etc., as appropriate to theequipment type and intended use.
The objectives of ILS planning include the elimination of support requirements when-ever practical and reduction of remaining support costs to the optimum level consistentwith operational readiness requirements. These results will not come about by routineobservation of support needs. Their attainment requires systematic evaluation of all design/support characteristics by qualified engineers and support technicians. This involves thecontinuous assessment of the probable impact design will have on specific performanceand suppcrt requirements. The effectiveness of such a maintenance engineering analysis isdependent ou documentation to record and disseminate changes in developing supportrequirements, plans, design and specifications for recurrert evaluation by support special-ists and design engineers.
Both service and contractor managers must assure that their specialists responsible forthe various support elements: (1) Understand the system or equipment mission objec-tives,(2) define actions and resources required for complete life cycle support, (3) schedule actionsand commit resources to support development and future operations, (4) request and utilize
15
funds in a preplanned sequence to minimize cost overruns and unnecessary program delays,and (5) use performance and management data and standard staff control techniques tomaintain an information and experience exchange between program elements.
Figure 5 depicts the step-by-step system design/support interface events typical of aweapons systems or equipment of average complexity. Section 2.2 includes descriptions ofthe system design management events which will require the coordinated participation ofsupport personnel. These events will result in the systematic identification of requiredsupport activities, a prerequisite to the achievement of mission readiness and cost effective-ness in support planning. Section 2.3 includes a description of the support managementevents which will result in the integration of all logistics support actions.
2.2 System Design Management--Detailed Event Description
SD-1 Required Operatlorml Capability
The system or equipment life cycle begins with the identification of an operationaldeficiency or the need for a new military capability. This required operational capabilityiu usually defined by the nature of the threat, the anticipated operating environment,variations in basic mission and the constraints of policy, gross schedule requirements, andminimum system operational performance criteria; e.g., speed, range, capacity, firepower,target acquisition, vulnerability, etc. These needs result in a tentative requirement for anew vessel, aircraft, missile, vehicle, communications systems or gear, or for multiple com-binations of such hardware. These requirements must undergo screening and approvalprior to further concept formulation phase action.
SD-2 Approve Required Operatioral Capability Document
The desired capabilities and requirements of the system (SD-1), the r :timate of logis-tics support requirements and objectives (SM-1), and the estimated current capability tomeet these requirements (SM-2) are all essential inputs to the operational capability docu-ment. Review and approval of this document should provide information for mission analysesand preliminary design necessary to develop system concepts, technological approaches,and related cost and schedule information. Whether these studies are performed by con-tract or by the Government, responsibilities for the development of requirements for schedule,costs, work breakdown structures, etc., must be clearly assigned.
SD-3 Conduct System Feasibility Studies
Based upon the approved operational capability document and feasibility studies,several preliminary system and equipment ideas are developed to explore alternate ways of
16
achic' ing mnission ol jectivios. Prt& moina ry design i hen conducted on the ino~t prmising(oflcelth, 01 SN stem, cost effectiveness ti-adeoff s ark. mnade to deinerzunne th) optimumi choicesm11ong the se clraI system~ and equipment concepts. Logis tics support requirements eshtia~tesdefined during these feasibility studlies permit comparison between various life cycle supportcost alternatives. ThL'ese nI ay lbe sumina~ized for program managemaentl review andimiust record! selection rationale chind em-h considered concept. They include tradeoffsinvolving systemn andl support selection, devolopiiient cost ond schedule estimates, life Cyclecost estimates, and )nrliininary performance specificationis.
SD-4A Approve Program Change Request
When a sNystem concpt is developed to the point where its ttchic.l and eConomcfeasibility can be verified, a Program C'hange Request (P(CR) is prepared to incorporatethe selected program into the D~ol) 5-Year J)efense Prog;rani. Do!) approval is granted bya Programn Change i)ecision (PU)).
SD-4B Approve System Concept Formulation Package
The systemn concept formulation package assures higher authority that the selectedconcept is thie bt st way to satisfy the identified operational need and recomnmends theresources neededl te purs- ue further development. The package contains a description of theprop~osed system, the oc-sts and schedules, and the rationale supporting the concept selec-tion. It p~rovides for a prelitninary program review prior to plreparing a systern devcdopneiitplan.
MD-5 Approve System Development Plar
The svstein dlevelopment lIan becomes the functional baseline for furthor engivneeringdlevehlpmen t of perfo rmance specifications for the concept selected during the f2-lsibilitystw'lies. The plan inclod us suchi things as funet jonal and engineering descriptions of operations-ind l ij)(Prt requirements, prefiinary systems and equ ipment configura tions, and trade-offs to Ihe fiirt her considered. Emphiasis Is placed on areas of high tchnical risk, schedules,mnd life cycle cost'. It also identifies funding, requirements so that contract definition anddevelopmnen t phase ~Iztlget allocations can be m1ade.. Act eptance of the l)evelopinent Planis a "l.ev kp proval kction'' requiiring review ind approxvl lprior to contract and 1' ndingsreleaise by Service level or ( S I) authority (as appropriate to existing policy on weap)on
icchnoloI(Y.v andl dollar t hresholds). irogram reviews leading to this "Key kpproval Action"'1111st In su re ;aII'q I 'i of 11lann ing for the logist ics support 0f o~ oratioi.al maintenance
act wit ie .ihev Iiust h e 'onldulctedl with Iirt icipat ion lby logistics staff mnembers at theap~~o~iatc I ~ oD ducision level.
17
t
SD-6A Approve Sysfems Contvad* DNfition
I (Ietv In~itn s, v cnrcole source or comypetit'v cotac efin'tion for the selectedsvstemi i uppr coc s isisued following approval of the decvelopment plan. Pro-cureuient mid budget aut hori;ttions are provided to the dievelopment command in thismanagement directiVe.
SD-5B Approve Support Requirements
Support reqiriemen ts are approved a~s an inerlpart of the sy~stems conlract definitionlip~proval through direct coordiniation with responsible support managers at all approprhiteiDol) levels. This approval is the basis for beginning 'Jeveloprnent. of the logistics supportmianagemnent plan.
SD-7A Appoini Source Selection Auth~ority
Latrix contract definition phase effort consists of detailed enginering to define operationsanl support per.ormance requirements. This effort is aimied towardl the preparation and
,T)proval of an "allocation"' baseline for acquisition of the syster' and equipment. Contractdefinition involves conmpetitive proposals by several contractors. A source selection authoritys 11),po ilted to provide IDoD inhouse evaluation of these prolposais. Assistance is provided
through representative staff elements of the Services. The purpose of this assistance is tohelp establish the source selecL,,on criteria.
Sl>-7B Provide Support Requirements for Request for Proposal
The logistics support requirements (SM\-5) provided as a part of the system,, develop-mient plan (S -) re included in the request for proposals (SD-7C). It is of utmost impor-tance that these requirements thoroughly (define operational arid readliness performancespecification goals and the support management ap~proach to further development andacquisition of ,upplort resources.
SD-7C Request for Proposal
The request for prop~osal is preparedl for issuiance to competing contractors. It containsresults of prior studies and the Current systemIl specifications. tifclidedl arc such key character-istics as readliness p~erformance targets, with criteria for their fuirt her devehlpment, test, and(lenonst rat ions. B eqitircel programn wanagement en h-ria iincluzde assignment of responsi-b~ilit ies, and selective idlentificat ion of specific port ions of general dlirect ives, policies, andp~rocedure guides that are to apply to this procurement. D)epending on the complexity and
18
cost of the system or equipment to he developed, successive iterations of requests for proposalmay be required to refine specifications.
Where appropriate, repirements for life cycle cost estimates should be included in finalrequests foi proposals. Here program management must consider and define reprtsentativecost elements, time elements, and the simplest appropriate methodology to oe followed bycompeting contractors in developing and updating life cycle cost estuinates for (1) programfunding and budget control and (2) cost of use (and ownership) comparisons. In simpleequipment procurements, pro icu...c z cuarantees alone might satisfy these requirements.Similarly, where. the contracts include contractor assumption of support resr'msibiliti. andassociated costs, major life cycle cost elements rny be alreadiy inci'del in the cost ofacquisition.
SD-8 Evaluat, Syofem Proposal
Upon receipt of the system and equipment proposals, the source selection evaluationboard reviews and scores each proposal ',sed upon the previously established criteria.Subsequently, selected competing contractors will continue to define the performance require-ments of the system elements and their plans for production, operations, logistics and trainingThe resulting system definition is then evaluated. This final evaluation determines thetechnical soundness of the proposal in meeting performance requirements, degree of identifiedrisk, contractor fulfillment of taqks in the proposal work statements, and his ability toaccomplish them, best features of each proposal's design approach, costs aad schedules, -rndcomparative impact of proprietary rights.
SD-9A Approve System Development
Development plan specifications and terms (SD-5) constitute a functional baselinewhich the project manager must use as a negotiations floor. Improved specifications andmore definitive terms may be incorporated into the contract as a result of negotiations. Theupdated plan must now include procurement specifications and detailed demonstrationmiethodoiogy; equipment and. support element resource requirements, including governmentfurnished items; cost and price estimates, and any special contract clauses. Review of theupdated development plan is prerequisite to "Key Approval Action" by the designatedproject approval authority. This review endorses the l)lahi as an allocation baseline for thedevelopment contract awards. It must include participation by Ioistics staff meml)ers atthe appropriate Service or OS) decision level to insure adequacy of support planning forthe maintenance and readiness of equipment in the operating environment.
19
ra
SL)_9B Selet Contractor(s)
Upon approval of the system development, coniractors are seleid. The selection is
based upon the proposal evaluations (SJ)-8). Multiple contactors may be chosen, particu-
larly for subsystems development, under the direction of a system project office. High
confidence in achievement of the it-quired mission capbility must be the first selection
consideration. Aft,' speeified operational and readip-3s performance requirements are
assllt,., other consideratio.is mi then be weighed.
SD-iOA Award System "ievelopment Contract
Based upon the development approval and contractor selection (SD-9 A and B), the
contracts are awarded.
SD-IOB Begin Detaidd System Design
System and equipment specifications, including operational and readiness performance
criteria (design requirements), are the basis for detailed system and "luipment design.Maintainability and reliability parameters (MR-9) are included in the design considerations.
Continuous coordination with other support elements is required to assure that a proper
balance is maintaned between design performance and cost versus support requirements
and their effect oii equipnent readiness.
SD-11 Complete Detadied Design of System/Equipment
Because the system and equipment design is a continuing effort throughout the develop-
ment phase, this event is shown here as a sample iteration of the design loop. Subsequentreviews, tests, and demonstrations creatc, a feedback of engineering changes qud new re-
quiremcnts which in turn must be analyzed and programmed into a new design cycle. This
typical feedback loop is shown in simple forim in figure 5. The support impact of these changcs
is also evaluated (SM-12B). Any further changes are fed back into the design cycle. The
engineering drawings, specifications, and test procedures become the basis for contractual
control of eac., cnd item to be manufactured and tested.
SD--i 2 Review and Approve System Design
Review and approval of system and equipment design is conducted at predesignatedreview points. ihcluded are all aspects of design such ls performance, maintainability,
packaging, stracture limitations, safety, standardization and su)port requirements whichhave been generated based upon the design. (Iianges are inporporated in the engineering
dlocumentat ion and detailed specifications. I)esign review and approval results in con-
20
currence of the development command to commit the design to fabrication of prototypemodels. It is also the basis for provisioning piaflmflg and preparing preliminary technical
data.
SD-i 3 Conduct Subsystem Demonstration
As the de-;-,- and test specifications are being completed, subsystems prototypes arefabricated and tested. Performance to detailed specifications should be demonstrated. Tothe maxiimumn degree possible, support requirements are verified during demonstration.Results are evaluated and problems resolved.
SD-i 4 Conduct System Demonstration
Demonstration of the prototype hardvfare ,ystern, followed by corrective action whilethere is still time to change specifications at minimumn cost to the program, is a desiredobjective. Verification of support requirements (SNI-13) is part of the system demonstra-tion. Corrective action results from the change activity (see change loop fig. 5, SD-l1through SD-14, -nd SM-12B3). The Government and contractor joint tests demonstrate; (1)system capabilities and limitations; (2 ) performance, control, maintainability and relia-bility; (3) availability and validity of technical dlata; (4) compatibility of subsystems; and(5) adequacy of logistics support planning.
SD-i 5 Establish Proposed Produc# Rws.ine
Completion of system demonstration and incorporntion of tile resultant change's es-
tabhlishes the proposed product config,.r-tion liasellne consisting of all the specificationsnecessary for initial production anc'1 first :lrtilel testing.
SD-16 Initiate Production
1Establishment of the prop~osed baseline configuration (SID -15) is followed byV prodluctionof init ial units for tiv first d.)ock of user serv ice and operational suitability test items.Furthier prodlI ction and suib sequlent concurrent supplort commitments are contingent upon
formal accep~tance of productt baseline specifications (SD) 1713)- Support resources may or
miay not be acquired under the samet pr(~llItion contract, depending on the procurementmiet hod selectcil, the nature of the s,-stein and eqiment and the contractor capability.One example might b e consideration foir the use of nutlt i-yver p~rocuremient . P)rior'*tES 111-Vb e est1)l1ish me on lim'-n f-hahince type ) schedu'les to nssure (delivery in p~hase withI plannedoperat i-ifa! ol nect ives. Wx- re app;iropriat e, corc-113rv procurement act ion mu11st be taken toacq,,ire additional installations and facilities,
21
SD-i 7A Complete Detailec! Production Specifoctions
CompletinK the contract end item specifications involves the preparation of "viid-to"1specifications and drawings uplonl which acceptance, testing of die first production articleand follow-on production can be based.
SD-i 7B Conduct First Article Inspection
F'irst article inspection consists of a review of drawings and specifications against thefirst article of hardware. Review and acceptance of this product baseline configuration is a"Key Approval Point"? up)on which follow-on production is contingent. This rc -iew willinclude logistics staff p~articipation from the appropriate Service or OSD decisioi, level.It must insure that design producibility has been achieved without compromising systemconcepts, maintenance supplortability speci1fi cations, performance and sulpport costs. Changesbeyond this p~oint usually result in block modifications which are generally very costly inc,-'mparison to t4i paper and prototype changes made p~rior to e~tablishing the productbaseline. Any changes as a result of the inspection must be made iM conformance withcurrent configuration management directives and instructions. Inspection approval denotesformal acceptance of the detailed specifications as audited and approved contractualdocuments.
SD-i 8 Conduct User Service Tests
Service tests usually occur at a user test facility in a simulated environment. Resultingsystem, equipment an(1 support changes are reviewed by the user and developer and incor-
po~rated into follow-on production p~lanning by engineering change proposals. Test resultsinclude limited p~erformanlce experience, technical data validation, support and test equip-ment performance exp4erien('e, equipmnt operator evaluation, and servicing and maintenanceexperience. R1equiremnitts for sib, ficatit changes miight .esult in thle immediate initiationof a modification cvcle as dlescribedl in blocks SI)-'23 through SI )-25.
SD-19 Accept System for Operational Tosting
Satisfactory ('oiplet i)n of t be service tests provides programn nragient with the
confiden(ce nvcvsairy to con tinue product ion and acceptance of hardware in those- plant itieS
required for initial dleployment to operational unilts. V.:rt her tests will establish tile degreeof achievernemt of operational readinesst performance spe('ifiemions require1 by thle contract
(S1)-22).
The expressiln, "budd-to,' signifies the colipiet loll of specifictitions with procureiient inforniatioln
wndior any other support informiation stniuig frow contractual agroefcnts.
22
SD-to VeriFy Availobilty of All Required Support Resouces
Prior to equipping the first operational organization, availability of all system and
support resources according to planned schedules is verified. System/support commands,
contractors, and using commands review and evaluate shortages, schedule problems, pri-
orities, delivery plans, inventory distribution, and any other applicable material management
considerations for possible correction. Coordination between the operational and system/
support commands is necessary to insure complete planning for operations and support.
Time-phased activity schedules include the exact need dates and phase-over actions required
to furnish equipment, tools and test equipment, spares and repair parts, technical data,
trained personnel, training equipment and other system and support resources to the
operating units.
SD-21 Equip Fiat Operaltonal Organization (To)
Equipping the first organization can vary from the complex installation and checkout
of a missile system to the delivery of a test box. Similarly, the system activation and sup-
port effort covers a broad spectrum. Contract end items of equipment are shipped to the
location of the designated test unit. Appropriate phaseover actions are carried out by both
development and operational command personnel to assure the rapid and complete accom-
plishment of this task in accord with preplanned schedules. Installation and checkout
includes receipt and acceptance of equipment and support resources, assembly, installation,
test. integrated system checkout, and verification of the system and support resource per-
forniance as installed. Compatibility of all interfaces is verified.
SD-22 Conduct Operational Suitability Demonstration
A predefined demonstration of a full complement of equipment will be conducted by a
typical user organization such as a ship, squadron, company, or regiment during routine
training operations for a specified time period.
The demonstration objective is to verify achievement of operational requirements
(including readiness performance) through mission accomplishment . . in a defined
environment with measured manpower skills and established &uipment and facilities support.
See SD-9A tirough SD-IOA on contract specifications development.
The value of the demonstration will be in direct ratio to the realism with which test
ground rules were negotiated for personnel selection based on available skills and average
manning leyels, spare parts provisioning, test mission profile mix, special test data require-
ments; etc. Management evaluation and control of such an operational test should be
directed toward containing the test within these established rules and objectives. Care
should be taken to avoid interference with the detailed operations and maintenance manage-
ment of the test unit.23
SD-t3 d etily Deicienckes
Figure 5 depicts a typical change or modification cycle that may be initiated by anyone of several operational situations such as (1) the inability of the system or equipment to
satisfy its current requirements, (2) changes to mission operational and support roles, (3)
correction of discrepancies where the forecast operational and support goals were unrealistic
or inaccurate, or (4) equipment failures caused by improper design or fabrication. In allcases deficiencies are identified and evaluated. Trade-off studies are performed to determinethe effect of these deficiencies upon future operations and support. A decision is made with
regard to further program action.
SD-24A Propose Modilicon s
Based upon the identified system and support deficiencies (SD-23), alternate approaches
for modifying the system and support resources and procedures are developed. These alter-natives incorporate the best of the field experience recommendations as well as innovations
created by advances in technology. Emphasis is placed upon the correction of the deficiencies
by procedural or simple workaround changes. For example, new methods of field repair forelectronic cards using available tools and test equipment may be better than the risk andeffort involved in a functional design change to the electronic system. This is true only ifreadiness is not jeopardized. The best approaches are proposed in the modification packagealong with schedules, manpower, and cost estimates. The proposal must comply with therequirements of applicable configuration management directives and instructions.
SD-248 Decision To ModiFy
Configuration control board action approving the modification package must be inaccord with procedures implementing current configuration management directives andinstructions. These procedures, directives, and instructions also establish levels of approvalauthority. Review and approval action at the appropriate decision level must includelogistics staff participation to insure adequacy of planning for the logistic support ofoperational maintenance activities.
SD-24C Initiate Action To Change Production
Where major system or equipment changes are required, a new production cycle (SD-16and on) for follow-on operational units is initiated against the new configuration baseline.In such a case, aforementioned modification studies involve planning sequences and actionswhich are equivalent to the definition and development phase tasks leading to a normal
product baseline. The detail for each required action in this testing and analysis sequence
may be reduced as appropriate to the modification requirements.
24
SD--25 ModiFy Existing C,.Om/Equipmuent
To assure mission succvess within the time coit ,traints imposwed by operational require-mients and to sawisfy safety, performance, economic, or other factors, it h, often necessaryto retrofit existing equi,,inent. In this case technical compliance change packages are pre-pared which specify the change requirements. responsibilities. schedules and funding bywhich the miilitary organizations or -;elected contractors are to perform the req~uired mnodifi-cations. These chanlges are acccflnllshed at field, depot and contractor facilities as designated Jby the avpropi-iate sYsteni/support authority.
T6e Employment ofLogdst,A Engineering
Disciplines f theDevelopment and Us* of
Military Weapons andEquipment by the Sepoaae
Servies and Industry
2.3 Support Mcua~ement Detailed Event Descipior,
SM-I DFRS Lq'm*iaI Suppoft Capab~iit Roqt.,remen"
SpecMIAit. ~ui ;dIn all arv-,, -4) siu;~lxrt mragemernt Imist i4, organiize'd to 1erfornl
a svi cu~tic mnd i ~rd nated anialysis o f the rtxpi iretl iqorat jonal capxthil itN ii order to
determine the needed logistic support capability. These capabilities will be stated in termsof (1) quantitative readiness performance criteria (e.g., system availability, utilization,permissible scheduled and unscheduled maintenance downtimes, operator and maintenancerequirements in terms of gross skills and manning levels, firing rates, launch rates, etc.),and (2) qualitative readiness requirements (e.g., compatibility with existing replenishmenttechniques, operational unit self-sufficiency in remote areas, personnel skill level limitations,automated fault isolation techniques, etc.).
Support specialists provide support considerations to the required operational capabilitydocument by (1) identifying the needed support capability, (2) proposing modificationsto the operational requirements statement which will enhance overall effectiveness, and(3) recommending substitute capabilities or alternate solutions.
SM-2 Estimates of Logistics Support Capcbilities
The logistics support capabilities estimate consists of an integrated package of each
support elements' forecast ability to satisfy support readiness requirements defined in SM-1.The information developed in follow-on action blocks labeled MR-2, MP-2, SE-2, FA-2,etc., must be analyzed and properly integrated by support management. The results arereflected in the operational capability document. For example, the estimates would includereadiness performance experience together with lessons learned on previous similar systems(e.g., utilization, availability, incidence of unscheduled maintenance, causes of maintenancedowntime, facility requirements, training requirements, technical data display techniques,fault isolation techniques, the benefits of tracking repair parts usage, the maintainability
goals to be considered from similar system and equipment design experience, etc.). Probablesupport requirements over and above existing support capabilities are identified for furtheraction. Government and contractor responsibility for studies to develop support conceptswhich satisfy these requirements should be clearly defined.
SM-3 Develop Support Alternatives
The logistics support ideas incorporated in the system feasibility studies (SD-3) consistof an integrated package of support element tradeoff study results (e.g., equipment redundancyor high reliability vs. maintenance upon failure) and selection of the best of each element'sapproach to overall support. The prime focal point for tying together the design and supporttradeoffs is maintainability and reliability (MR-3). The tradeoffs combining system designalternatives with concept inputs from each support element are an integral part of thesystem feasibility studies. Failure to recognize and consider the combined tradeoff alter-natives can result in commitment to a support concept which leads to excesses and short-ages, duplicate facilities, and poor utilization of existing capabilities. Simulation techniques
26
and mathematical model analysis may be used as aide t , k-,- is. Use Gf thesetechniques should be based on problem complexity and the n(eu for building a dynamicmanagement data baseline (see ch. 12).
SM-4A Prepare Logistics Support Program Change Request
Subsequent to the development of support concepts, the logistics support section of theProgram Change Request is prepared. This section should contain brief statements regarding:
* Readiness performance goals, including maintainability and reliability designperformance requirements,
- Maintenance concepts,* Probable support impact on current or projected organizational capabilities,* Preliminary estimates of life cycle support cost, and* Major support development milestones.
SM-48 Prepare Support Concept Formulation Package
The selected support concepts are combined for inclusion in the system concept formula-tion package (SD-4B). The support package incorporates the selected concepts developedin SM-3, the estimated costs and schedules, the concept selection rationale and the specificfunding needs for further development. The package also provides justification to the logisticsapproval authority for the selected concepts.
SM-5 Develop Support Plan Requirements
Based upon inputs from SM-2, SM-3, and SM-4, the support plan requirements aredeveloped for inclusion as a logistics section of the system development plan (SD-5), andthe RFP. These requirements include gross support functions that meet system or equip-ment requirements, the design and support goals and criteria in terms of readiness andcost to be met during engineering development, support tradeoff criteria to be considered andsupport program management activities and decision points anticipated during subsequentdevelopment events. Specific inputs to the support plan requirements include:
* Maintainability and reliability requirements (MR-5),* Maintenance support concepts (MP-5),. Preliminary support equipment estimates and design criteria (SE-5),. Preliminary supply requirements (SS-4),. Preliminary facility requirements (FA-5),- Preliminary personnel and training requirements (PT-5),. Preliminary funding requirements (F-5),
320-397 0 - - 3 27
" Preliminary technical data requirements (TD-5)," Transportation, handling and packaging requirements (TH-5)," Life cycle cost methodology, and," Support schedule requirements.
These requirements must be clearly defined and quantified fo;' "Key Approval Action"specified in SD-5. They are to be included in the request for propo~al package.
SM-TA Develop Logistics Support Manament Plan
The logistic support management plan is established to provide an outline of specificorganizational responsibilities and functions for further development and acquisition ofsupport resources and monitoring of contract effort. Separate plans for each support elementprogram are included in the support management plan. The plan must identify organizationalinterfaces, working procedures and personnel responsible for such things as:
" Implementation of the logistics support development program," Monitoring of the contractors M & R effort," Establishing policy regarding maintenance engineering practices and procedures
for all levels of maintenance," Development and acquisition of support equipment," Development and acquisition of facilities," Procurement and distribution of spares and repair parts," Implementation of the personnel and training program," Procurement and distribution of technical data," Implementation of the transportation, packaging and handling program, and," Funding and data management.
The management plan also includes related funding and schedule information, relation-ships and responsibilities between development and support commands and designation ofthe logistics support manager.
SM-7B Establish Logistics Support Criteria for Proposal Evaluation
The logistics representatives to the source selection board establish criteria for evalua-tion of proposed support plans. This criteria includes policies for determining how well eachproposal meets readiness performance specifications and cost requirements, takes advantageof current resources, minimizes technological risks, and considers life cycle costs for support.
28
SM-8 Evaluate Logistics Support Proposal(s)
Based upon the support evaluation criteria (SM-7B), the source selection board eval-uates the proposed support plans. Performance, schedules, cost and high risk areas areevaluated and scored.
SM-9 Establih Support Development Plan
Subsequent to the proposal evaluations, the logistics support portion of the systemdevelopment plan is ul)dated to reflect the results of contract definition. The support develop-ment plan also includes the updated management plan covering the controls, policies, fund-ing, scheduling, etc., for development, acquisition and distribution of the support resources.The support development plan is an integrated package of time-phased support elementplans and requirements (see event 9 in subsequent chapters of this guide). It includes thefollowing:
* M & R requirements and related performance incentives,* Maintenance concepts,* Procedures for acquisition and distribution of support and test equipment,* Procedures for acquisition and distribution of spares and repair parts,* Procedures for development of facilities,* Procedures for acquisition, training and distribution of personnel,* Procedures for acquisition and distribution of training equipment,* Procedures for acquisition and distribution of government furnished materiel,* Procedures for acquisition and distribution of technical data,* Updated funding and management data requirements, and* Schedules for each support element identified by organizational responsibility.
Approval of the support development plan is a part of the "Key Approval Action"specified in SD-9A.
SM-Ia Monitor and Guide Logistics Support Effort (Continued)
Concurrent with development phase design effort, logistics support req,firements forall elements are generated by detailed maintenance engineering analyses of equipmentdesigns. These analyses are part of the total systems engineering effort and influence designdevelopment as a result of tradeoffs between operational and support requirements. Themaintenance analysis also uses design schematics and drawings to define the basic supportrequirements. Continuous monitoring of and guidance for support requirements developmentis provided. Support management must assure that each support element's requirementsare properly generated, interfaced and programed with established maintainability and
29
reliability goals. Support management ries upon the maintenance engineering analysis
documentatin System to support and control this recurring analysis (MD-4 and MD-10).
SM- 2A Review and Approve Design Characteristics and Suppori Element Requi~tements
Des,ns are reviewed and approved to assure that established quantitative and qualita-tive logistics support requirements can be satisfied. Resulting changes and their supportimpact on riquire-ionts are reviewed for compatibiliy. ,upport management assures thatthe reqliireinents of each element have been -,eluded and that full consideration has beengiven to available items in the DoD inventor .
SM-1 2B Evaluate Impact of Propcsed System andlor Logistics Support Change"
As part of the design and support requirements review and approval, support manage-ment evaluates the impact of A4l changes on support. In cases where the design or changesto the des:ign d,' not n-ect ;signed perforiance predictions, a tradeoff is made ,o eliminatethe discren.Any l-, a further chai,ge to the design or to the prediction. Coordination of suchactions between support managinent and design engineering is required.
SM-1 3 Conduct Demonstration and Validation of Support Rcquirtments
During design of systems and equipment and preparation of test specifications, supportmanagement assures that all support requirements and criteria, e.g., access provisions,technical data on the equipment, repair time limitations, etc., have been included. Inaddition, prototype support resources (e.g., test equipment, tools, technical data, handlingequipment, etc.'), are demonstrated to vali 'ate configuration and specification requircmwnts.To the maximum degree possible, these demonstrations are conducted as an integral part ofsvstem tests to assure that all support requirements are reviewed prior to production release.
Smulation models, laboratory tests, matheTwticdl models and actual field tests are used.Testing and validation is continuous until the total system capability is demonstrated.
SM-i 5 Update Support Plan
The support plan is updated concurrently with esfablishment of a proposed productbaseline configuration. I )ue to the need for some long-lead-item release to production and thefact that support resource identification lags tile system equipment identification, limitedcommitment of some support resources may be required. Further comnitment of resourcesto produltion must be coordinated with all sup)port elements to insure total compatibilityof requirements. This action will keel) later lproduction and operational changes to a mini-mum, Inputs to the proposed product baseline include well-defined maintenance l)erformance
30
/x
and measurement criteria, drawings and specifications for support equipment and facilities,spares arI repair parts lists and specifications, technical data by type and format, personnel,training requirements, training equipment funding allocation for production, and manage-ient data requirements.
SM-16 Award Support Resouces Controct(s)
The logisti.' section of the contract is used to buy support resources based upon quantity,schedule and planned utilization of operational equipment. Common resources are normallyprocured through appropriate DoD commodity inventory managers. Logistics supportmanagement must make known their procurement requirements for common material andrelated technical data in time to support tests and operations. Contractual exhibits and workstatements reflecting test, activation and operational support requirements must benegotiated.
SM--1 7A Complete Support Requirements Specification
Completion of support requirements specifications requires action similar to SD-17A forsupport equipinent and facilities. Support management must assure appropriate inclusionof "build-to"' and test requirements in production specifications. Each specification require-ment must be reviewed to assure that technical data, personnel and training, and supplysupport interfaces are compatible with applicable configuration management directives andinstructions.
SM-178 Conduct Preliminary Support Evaluation
A preliminary support evaluation of the contracted production units must be accom-plished during the first article inspection (SD-17B). It is important that support featureswhich contribute to equipment readiness have been incorporated in the hardware in accord-ance wi'h specifications. Results of this evaluation are reviewed as part of the "lErY ApprovalAction" specified in SD-17B.
SM--18 Complete Demonstration and Evaluation of Support Requirements
Demonstration and evaluation of initial support resources and procedures are accom-plished concurrently with the user service tests and equipment, acceptance (SD- 18 and 19).These tests must demonstrate achievement of all operational support readiness specifications.Support management niust verify that support resources are utilized as planned or justify
The expression, "build-ti)," signifies the completion of specifications with procurement informatiorand/Gr any other support information stenmming from contractual agreements.
31
any changes. Management evaluations and failure analyses are 2ccomplished where support
element functions and hardware performance fail to meet specifications and goalq. Required
changes are processed in accord with applicable configuration management directives andI.
instructions.
SM-21 Update Logistics Support Plan
Subsequent to user tests and during equipping of the first operational organization, the
logistics support plan is updated to reflect o)erational support changes to responsibilities,
policies, controls, coordination, communications, schedules, etc. The updated plan is used
for equipping and supporting subsequent operational organizations. The plan is the basis
for staff actions in all required support areas at successively higher levels of management
within DoD.
SM-23 Evaluate Support Capabilities
As part of the operational suitability demonstration (SD-22) and concurrently with
the identification of deficiencies (SD-23), the planned support capabilities are evaluated to
determine how well they satisfy support goals including readiness performance specifica-
tions. Support management reviews all element interfaces to that control, communica-
tions, coordination and data reporting systems do not impede attainment of the logistics
support requirements for readiness and cost. Detailed evaluations include verification of
personnel skill levels, training and training equipment; adequacy of technical data; avail-
ability of spares and repair parts; adequacy of facilities; ca,-.ollity of support equipment;
adequacy of data coilection and distril)ution plans; and - ssess.ent of the o,.erall support
system capability to meet its readiness requirements.
SM-24 Evaluate Support Impact of Proposed Modificatior
Support management must see that each ol the support eleimnt specialists evaluate
the impact of any prol)osed changes to his plan. The combined results of these evaluations
are weighed. If a change is required, all resulting support requirement changes are included
in the proposed modification package.
SM-26 Equip Follow-On Operating Units
After satisfactory completion of operational suitability tusting, follow-on operating
units are equi)ped. Opea aional commands direct mission assignments of subordinate
organizations and monitor their sul)port I)erformance. local analy:is of "failure data" (sum-
marizing maintenance actions) along with performance data on mission accomplishment and
32
1'i
support responsiveness, will permit unit commanders to parate true hardware deficiencies
from those of manning, skills, supply response, organizational management, etc. This evalu-ated dat'a should be summarized for transmittal to operational commands. Corrective actionbeyond the capability of unit commanders becomes a requirement for higher command action.Subsequent command -nalysis inv'ves comparison of operating units for: (1) missionl)erformance, (2) maintenance effectiveness, (3) supply responsiveness, and (4) hardwarefailure trends. Unit performance for all the above parameters can be weighed against com-mand averages and treid.
Conciirrent with operational command management analyses, the system supportcommand will receive i-aw hardware faithire and support data for analysis by tbe projectsystem support manager (and/or commodity mianag-,r). The results of these analyses will beused to update support planning for further procirements, repair, and modification. Theyalso provide experience information to project managers engaged in the planning of newsystems and equipment (see MI)-221B, ch. 2 1 nd fig. 15).
Reallocation or disposal of operational ard support resources is based upon considerationoI change to the req,,erd operational capallity, technological obsolescence, operations andmaintenance costs and the acquisition of nww equipment into the inventory, Integratedlogistics sup)ort planning for future equil-mcnt development should include data fromoperations and support experience as an aid oo management.
33
Functiual Baeline lpirm
I Contract Definition
SYSTEM DESIGN SD-I-3 SD-4A SO-5 SD-6A SO-7AMANAGEMENT R~tcuired Approve Conduct Approve Approve AoeAppoint
Oprational Capability system Program Sytems CotatSource -0Capabiity Document Feasibility Clnaig Remies Deloppient Defini tion, Selection
Studies Ian Autitrit
ilova Concept Approve ProvidetFarmulation Support Support tPackag Requiremerits Requjirements
I tar RFP_ c
SUPPORT SmEI-S2 SM-3 *4AS r SW.7AMANAGEMENT Def irg Estimate Develop Pieprve Develop Deeop1
Logistics of Logistics Support Logistics Support Plan DtelogicspSuppot Support Alternatives Support Program Requieients Mgement
Requirements Caabilities CaieRqetBIPa
Prepare IEstablishSuppor Conceot ISuprt, Criterisa
Frmunlation tor ProposalPackage Evaluation
SUPPORTELEMENTS (See Flires 6 through 16)
LIFE CYCLEPHASES FJ
seline Appoval *Y Allocation Baseline Approvalease for of Performance Speifcations
finition and Fiunds Release fo( Develoommif
ppolnt Evaluate Aprove Award complete Review Cnduc Conduct Establish Pfsowce -W S*Us System System Detat led and Approve Sutrj stvm System -4- Proposed PrPlectiri Proposal Deeomn Dewelopemt Design Design Demonstration Deviiiistration Pr~kit BWs
L Aft I onal - Baseline
ts Reiiinnt conifactos) IDesign
Rewust for -- InePropmsl
LoitisSiror ogsic Guot ~ide Logistics (Continuous) Design aid aid Vahlatimw ofSuprPIManasgement Suport Developmnt Supot Effort *ujit Supvonf RjriemetsPa
___es _ _
SYSTEAMSGN/SWPOR
Product Baseline Af~pcivafof Contiguation and Funds
I Release lot Produjctionr Rim
1,- 15 SD- 16 SD 17t. Z 5-1 S)-19 SD- 20 SD-21 2S-3SDEsalrCoplete I CwdKjt Accept Verity Equip First ConductPrppse Initil*. taeduser Service system Awailabilwy -ii Ofilarwlalio -o Opeatrioal Identity o! AfrslPrIProduction Prdctio Test Opinma! of Resources (Test) Suitability Deficierrcieordi,~Baseline Specificatioi esigDmritrt
t First Aricle
OcsIns ~tion Dc ~ i
I To SD IS
SM-15 $M-16 SW17A StlUpdte Award Complete ICimiplete DeimonstrationS-? M-3rSuppow Support Support ja yljira
S~nResources Spec,fications Support Reiements Logstcs&MIie &orf oosContractils) UP( CV.ife o tcat
Con&ct LPreliminary
SupportEvuluafio
V
SYSTEM MOIN/SPPT MAG1CEMET PIERAGE (SO 8 SM)
SD- 20 SD- 2 SD-22 SD 23 7Y3 4ASO-2
AmIsfbliry - o 0gAnzatio -m Ooe~ational Identity Propose EiiOngof t a s (Test', Suitability Def~cenciers modt'cat.ons m en
B
DeciionOPERATIONALto goifyCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
Mam Or9niztons. Equlollwwl,Fc;itie vid Aiocie Supaiing
ChangeResourcts to A'.o the Mission
X-21 SM2 m 4E"~ Follow mOperullq UaftUpdate Evaluate Evaiuare- MSIO
Logistics N )yiSVpr i"K g-Vitac ISOsww CV11hi o Prposd Euipmin ACCOMPLISHED
Pla 1 oiiit oRead~iness
SYSTEMS SUPPORTCOMMAND FUNCTIOfS
rK I We the Acu I s it ic "n Ow W Wiftrth "i AWawims of W.ons v4d(qupiWM~ STOfMS. beu'r kfA,,m
ROW roce wi &Ae Proviiionmg
DIAC'IAM KEY
Fr, -~j~~~
71 C ,. .5 r a * ~ .~
Figure 5
MAINTAINABILITY AND RELIABILITY..
*Maintenance Pianning for Support
*Support and Test Equpment Coocepts and Design Onaracteristics.
* Supply Support Concept Data 3n Mean -1ie Between RepailC h 3c ter i stcs.
* Transportat io0 and Handling Design Spec: f iations.
* Tecfn ~ca Data Ty-.e Locatior and Awviiabilty.
*Facites Design Chxxaterstics~
SPersonnel S Ms Capabjities and Training.
Funding Requilrments. Alocat;or. and'Life Cycle Cast Criteria.
*Manage.. Lnt Data foar Fred~ct~onand Design Sdpp-oW Tr,-iec!f
40Nu
I0I4.
3Maintainability and Reliability (M and R)
3.1 Introduction
Maintainability is an expression of the probability of equipment being restored to operat-ing status within allowable time limits using available test equipment, facilities, personnel,spare parts and procedures. Reliability is the probability that an equipment will continueto function correctly for a specified period of time without failure under a prescribed conditionof use.
Both maintainability and reliability are included as maintenance preventive charac-teristics in equipment design and support resources requirements. Maintainability andreliability goals must be integrated into the equipment and support system design throughrequirement and contract specifications. The specification requirements must be statedearly in the concept formulation phase. Since these characteristics have a direct influence onoperational readiness, they collectively express the optimum end result of equipmentreadiness performance and cost effectiveness tradeoffs.
Surveillance over changes in both design and support is required to prevent degradationof maintainability and reliability. Demonstrations with the equipment must be conductedto see that requirements are met. The demonstration results are analyzed and tradeoffsconducted to improve system design and support. These early tradeoffs result in a continualnarrowing down of configuration ideas until a firm production baseline is established. Becausepaper and prototype changes are relatively inexpensive, maximum emphasis must be placedon maintainability and reliability prior to establishing this baseline (see fig. 3).
Figures 6 and 16, and the following paragraph descriptions show the direct relationshipwhich must exist between maintainability and reliability, system design, support manage-ment, and other support elements.
37
3.2 Detailed Event Description
MR-2 Pitpate M and R Portion of Logistics Support Capabilities Estimate
The maintainability and reliability portion of the capabilities estimate is based uponthe operations and support requirements of SD-i and SM-1. It includes estimates of re-quired systems availability in terms of operating hours to failure, probability of launch,system level mean-time-between-failures (MTBF), maximum times to repair (MTTR),turn around times, maximum fallout rate to be allowed (percent out for unscheduledmaintenance after operational sortie), etc. These estimates along with experience data onsimilar systems (MD-2) are to be included in the overall support inputs (SM-2) to theoperational capability document (SD-2).
MR-3 Perform M and R Trade-off Studies
Development of support alternatives (SM-3) for conzideration in the system feasibilitystudies (SD-3) requires that design/support maintainability and reliability tradeoffs beconducted. These tradeoffs are to determine the optimum balance between inherent systemreliability and equipment redundancy to establish the most practical reliability and main-tainability goals. This action requires other inputs tthese tradeoffs including projectedfailure frequencies, operational readiness experience, current and projected transportationmodes, maintenance and supply resource expenditures, alternative use of facilities andtechnical data applications. Where state-of-the-art, or economic factors prevent achievementof the desired reliability, alternative maintainability approaches are considered. Decisionsresulting from the maintainability and reliability tradeoffs become a significant input tothe maintenance concept (MP-4) and early design concepts.
MR-5 Establish Gross M and R Plan Requirements
Following selection of a system concept (SD-4B) and the support concept (SM-4B),program specifications for the development of maintainability and reliability requirementsare established as part of the logistics support plan and the RFP (SVI-5). They includemaintainability and reliability goals for system and support development, requirementsfor the identification and tailoring of specifications, and selection of a way to demonstrateachievement of performance, support and cost goals. Repair accessibility criteria must bedefined along with any needs for new test methods, quantitative and qualitative analysistechniques and figures for mean-time-to-repair, maximum repair time, availability, repair-ability, etc.
Compatibility must be maintained with the other support element inputs to SM-5.Maintainability and reliability requirements which collectively express gross readiness
38
perforiiance requirements (S 1) mt 'be subsequ, nfv integrated ito contract definitiowork stater-Prits and spec fica tons
MR-i Establish M and R Evaluation Criteria
Critera riust be established to evahuate contractor mnaitaabflity and reliabi]ltprograms aimed at developing a reliable and supportaule lesign. The criteria should in-cludc suitabie miethods For evaluating maintainal~ity and reliability p)redictions, approvedmehiods for ineasuring file adequacy of calculated o-Ir estimated quantitative maintain-ability and reliability factors a~nd methods of- evaluating plans for dem-ronstration of main-tainatQilitv and reliability attainmnent. Factors which may be in1cluded are:
Mission support profile criteria,Planned utilization criterig,
*Fa'liire Ariteria,'0 Ac oeptable limits of subsystem ope- 'i ionl,0 Facilities and manpower limitatia Turnaround time allowable,
u nit size and (leploynlent period, and*Support maintenance concept. constraints such as the maintenance level, throw-away level, etc.
MRA- PtrFcrm M and R Evaluation
The 'itractors maintainability and reliability program proposals are evaluated andScored. A determination is mna9" as to which pro~posals best fulfill the criteria (MR-7). Thi~siecoinws a part of the systiem nd suipport eva' ations for proposal selection (SD-8 andSM-S). The vontractor', proposed maintainability and reliability plan should contain:
'M atnd It calculations, predictions and apportionment,I )einonstrationi plan for M and R,
*M and R design review and eval uatio01,*Proceduire for dletermining inipact of design changes~ on M and R, and*Performance guiarantees and incentives.
MR-9 Define M and R Design G~uidelines
i f rnran ce and~ readil ess sp ( , hate )ns estal )lislied iii cottract (0"fiV-itioi1 will ii) (bde
oncrationiil d1I .0nt 'Innnd iiii,,Siun IreqlueflcY design goals as an :ild to mleasure useful avail-
:11ili11Y. lucY will "ldso spif Vu iianiiour ,riterna to crew, service, and maintain equipmuent as!Veady ,~i N' n %N)t i ifcitd react in t jues at defilued 1 oes t use, 'These goals andi (liter-11i
nini't 10tranisiateil Inito() n (Oien i'iiItary rather thani (oldradljctml iilaiitainal)ilitvand
39
reiiabihit gui(Ielhnes.- Depending upon, the type of system equipmrnet involved, they establishdesign meaisurement criteria for. such things a:
" Minimum planned utilization (hours or sortie),
* Turnaround tine limits.
" In-commni-sion rate.
" Operational fallout rate :,percent out after sortie),
* 'Maintenance MH1's pe operating hour (or sortie)," Schedulk preventative mnaintenance iimits,
I Depot repair limits," Unscheduled~ mainten.-nce limits,
u Tupply atnd -,other" dow ntime limits, and*Maintainability and relliabilitv cost-effectiveness factors.
The desiz:gn gmudelilies -wi'l also include £frn policies related to size, weight and spacehmitat iois b~ased on human factors: -onstra.ints onl thle inimumnii relaial ijv of parts and
-( lnponent (cltrlts inaimeiadk suchi as rkisistaflce to corrosion or other deteriora-tion: the requirements for use of st:Ir(lard palrts; specifications 0o 1vpi c:al approvedl fasteners,
quick (lis,.confects. etc. Huoman engineering. configuration managemnent aind other such
directives and Instructions sniould be specified in t( ',,, or in part, depending on their appli-caition to the eoquipment under (iCvel)fllemt
MR-10 Update M and P Plan Requirem*:its
During design (SD-I 013, and maintenance engiricrir~g analyvsis (M\P-l0) the main-
tainail ilit-v and relial ilit v plan 1111,st be up~bdatl to provid~e miore detailed r'eqirements.
*lhesc reqiremients result frorn analysis of support mcthod.s, drNiV ngs and specifications,
andi other systenis cni)n nteering dociin. n at ion. The objectivye is to identify key maintain-
ability and reliability 'design to' characteristics of bai'dware components in order to:
* Peduce imaintenance,
* Reduce technnical skills,
* E~st ab lish the opt inum frequency, and extent of preventive maintenaice,
* Improve m1:aIn tenance methods,* Improve iagnosti( routines,
*teduice specializedl tools itnd test equipment,
*Provide daitta feedback to expedite design and evaluaie support.
The abhove ch)Jecti~ es a11- to he itthtine(l by expanding the requiremnents for miore r-
liable pairts and itiaterinls, pla-liing and u-ranging coiipnent parts for readyl weessibilitl,uising st:an1lard piIut s now avalil e inI the suipply systemn, and( o t her alaint aiilal:1ilitV alit
40
reliability design techniques. VWhere ne(ce~sary tr'ideoffs will be performed and therequirements inlpact evaluated and justified.
MR-i I Allocate M and R Design Goui
During preparation of preliminary drawings, maintainability and reliability design goalsar pportioned to the vdio u-itemis of equipment. Each item is assigned appropriate
mnaintainabilitv and reliability factor limnits within the overall system and support perform-arice parameters. Tradeoffs a.'e performed as necessary. and include analyses of the effect onequipment design and supp~ort plans (SD-10 and SM-10). SerlGius imipairment of eitheroperational or supp~ort effectiveness is not perm-ritted. Resultant maintainability and relia-bility goals are specified as characteristics to be included in further detailed design csuibsystIems equipment and modules (SD-I 1).
MR-i 3 Demonstrate Attainment of M and R Goals
During subsystem and system testing, the attainment of pi'eviusly allocated main-tai-nabiflity and reliability goals will be demnstrated. PeT'wiene(-es found sitould be evaluatedarid corrected by engineering changes or changes, in the support program. The impact ofthese deficiencies with relation to othier support clement plans is considered in S-1-13, sincereduced reliability or poor maintainalhlity in a. designed itemn will degrade system availa-bl'ity and increase costs . Ffevised maintainability and reliability (demonstration criteria andevaluation information mnust 'be, lincludd 'in the up~dated support plan (SMI-15). This infor-mation i . e- :entiai as a 'basis- for mhe wider goals and specifications in procurement plans andcontracts.
MR-16 Adjust M and R Goals
Based on the experience gained in the system demonstration, a firm prediction of sub-sy-stem iimain tainab ility and reliab ility requirements for prodi let ion units will be mnade.These subsystem reqtllrernents mnore closely support the required systemr reliability in suchten',4. as failure rates and repair times. C omponent rnaintainal- !itv factor-s, such as mevan-tiie-to-repair, mean preventative maintenance downtime, a'nd the frequency of preventative
Inaintenlance 5'h011ld b e inlcluded(. These predict ions, with associated con fidencev levels, arenecessary for refining calculatilons; of support resource quantities (e.g., numbnlers of technicians,quantities of repair, parts, quantities of consumlale-,, andl other ; tems generated by furtherinaintenanec enierThnayi) le realloc-ated goals nust 'be fedl into the (data collect ionlsy'stem Ni - )for fut ture programi purposes.
41
MR-1 7 Evaluate Attainment of M and R in First Article
During the first article inspection, particular attention will be given to the review of : "maintainability and reliability deficiencies noted in the subsystem and system demnistra-
tions (SD- 13 and 14) to assure that: (1) Corrective action has been taken and (2) thatthis action has not resulted in new maintainability and reliability problems. The first article
is cmrefully examined to see that maintainability and reliability design policies have beencarried out, minimum new spares have been introduced into the supply system, and modi-fications and engineering changes introduced during production hav2 not degraded reliabil-itv nor introduced maintenaice or support problems. Analyses of the impact of designc.ngcs on maintainability and ieliabitity goals are made a part of the preliminary supnort
MR-1 Demonstrate and Evaluate M and R During Service Test
The service test is primarily intended to prove the system/equipment utility and tofurther isolate any design deficiencies. During service tests, failures occur and are repairedusing the parts, tools, test equipment technical data, etc., established as a result of theoperations and maintenance engii;eering analyses efforts. The number and nature of thefailures, t hc time required for repair, the parts used, and au.7 other support data are recordedand analyzed q'ID-11B). From this management data, modifications and corrections tohardware items and procedures are determined. These engineering change proposals mustbe closely monitored for possible impact on maintainability and reliability goals.
MR-21 Validate/Update M and R Goals for Future Use
Ba,.ed on experiencc gained during the user service tests (SD-18) and on data gather,-dfrom the operating units after the equipment is issued, maintainbility and reliabilityrequirements and goals are updated for use in defining concepts and estimating requirementsfor future systems. Support experience data is collected and analyzed for comparison tothe relial ility and maintainability predictions. The results provide valuable informaltionfor ud)(lating the sUtIl)Ort plan (SM-21) for use during the remaining life of the equipment.
MR-24 Modify M and R Goals as Required
As a restir of perational suitability testing or follow-on operations and support, mod-ificati(-m :re rIeqiiired to c(orrect ueficiencies or to) adapt to mission cilianuges. When suti.hMio licatia . ril'e )fl telliplated it is necessary to assure that previously attained levels ofriairitai,miljlyt anl ,,li'fhility are not degraded. WVhere t iese modifications biung improve-
llent., it ,-ill I he ruess-arv t( ,crce t estalished goals so that t Hwy reflect the 111odified
42
IF
system. Such modified maintainability and reliability goals are essential to the overall
support evaluation (SM-24) so that future modifications may be evaluated to the new
product baseline.
43
Functional Baseline Approval3nd Foods Release tor
I Conrtract Definition
SYSTEM DESIGN S-ISD-2 SET SD-4A SD-5 SI}6 DA AppovMANAGEMENT Requiired Approve Consduct Approve Approve I Approve Appoint SouruiOperational Capab~lify System Program Systems Co tr ac t Source -- oelectiCpbltDouetFeasibiflity, Chrange R s Developwel Definition Selection utr
oeCnetApprove Provide irepe
Logtic ofLoistcs upprtloar~c pr sulanr LgstisSpport La ragem
for Rrt C
foReq fro r Pa
Logistics of Logistics ~ Suppo l t Losstc SupotPlnLoitieSup rtL fasr
lIFE CYCL
Sup Su por Al ern tiv s S ppot rog am equ rem ntsMan gem nt la
Re*kaiet CaaiiisCane)s lnPrprIFsa
Alloati Baseline ApprovalI of Periormailce Specifications
and Funds Raiease for Developmnent
S-A F S- TO ZD9 I DO] SD-11 SD-12 SD-i3 SD-14 SD-15 SD.16Apppiqt Evaluate Approve I Award Yirmplefe Review Cioiirxt Caiduct salhSource Systemso System I System Detailed and Approve Subsystem System -o Pooe ntmelection PropsI D~vetnpmenfn Dvelopment Design Dtsivi Demonstration ~ Demonstration Prduct Prodj~ionuthivity B Contract Ba ln
provide BeginSupport Select Detailed
eqreeints Contractor(s) IDesign
Requaest tar - hn~Proposal <
SM-7A FM1 K1AS-1 M1 MJev.'lop Evaluate Establish Monitor and Appr'ov Condclit Demoristraiion Update Award
~tics support Logistics suppertI Guide Logistics (Continuous) Design and and validaion ot upr uprnaVeriti Support Development SuInr Effort Support Suriport Requiremerts Plan r0-souices* Plan Proposal(s) anRqiee"ColclsI Estabiis svauat,3iot Criterta Deii'Spjrour Poposa lneIpc
SD-1013
MI- MI* MIR9 IMR-10 MR1FR1 MR I
stablisli Perfoim Define I Update A !a eEvaluation M &R M &R Design M &R Planr C~,&RDlat Alisin - djs
iiiterpa Evaluation Guidelines Reopi'erns of~l V A& oaI R Goi I
MAINTAINAhL[M
TProduct Baseline Approvalof Confipuatim~ and FiundsRi-ase fpi Produirfiv RunsI-A (irst A Ice Acceptance
SD- 16 SO-17A ISD-18 ZD.19 SD-20 SD-2 I S-22 SD-23 SO-24A VeroComplete Conduct Acce pt Verity F qui p F:rs Conduct Aal
InitI~e)etai led Use; Service Svtee AviaiiyOgrztoieatio iai Identify 41 ProposePruls roduction este for Oppralional o eore (Test) Suitability Deficienrcies ModificationsOfe
First Article Osoinspection oodf
S-6SM-17A SM-18 SM 21 S - M2Award Coop ae Comrplete Demon :ativn Uo~ Ealat EvaluateSupport Siinport and Ei;liuat,.) of Lugstic 1 upr SpotIpc
Resources Specifications Support ReW.;ements Sippoli Capabilities of ProposedContract(s) FB _________________________Plar, Mod. ,atiors
ConductPrelimiary
supportEvaluation
MR 16 MRT 17 MR 18m 2MR4L aluate Demons rate F Vaidat Modif V
Adjust 0- Alta nroeur and Evaluate - -- Updiate M & R Goals as4&R Goals of oM R i M& i Goals 1f Regutied
* FostAftc revr ef1 Iuf
MO 2D? A A B MO 22 AS B
Figui
MAINTAINALITY AND REVARiUT (We)
SE, 20 SD-21 SD-22 SD-23 SD 2A SD-25Verify Equip First condtuct MoI ty
Ava ilIabilIi ty -11 O0rV anIza t Ior, operational -m dentir -.0 Propose E x Es st-of Resources (Iest) Suitability Def~c encies Siod t catioris Equip, fit
Demonstration
Decisio-r OPER~ATIONALto MOIJI I COMMAND FUNCTIONS
M1anage Organizations. EquipmentI Faclitle and Alocae S,Iowc'ilfq
cn~rgeResourcvi to Vu" 11)e Miss-on
T oJ
SM 2 SM-3 SM24 F4W9 ol aOW-Vsit-26 tUp ate Evaluate EvaluateMI S O
Support Caoatiritles of proposedI AQ" me ~ CMPI ISHE
sup~y
SYSTEMS SUPPOPTkOMMAND FUNCTIG JSnciudtNAcqu iil elfor! 'jV1
Tochisnrc rAllonerwt c4 iiiiao(I a.)
Equipment Systems, Thw ifx~utrfr "
R"r Prixurueiint ar. PrLiciov-at Suppotinig Inventor*
MR 21 MValidate Moify M
Update M&R ,t C-1 oals asG oals for Reros red
Future
MU .2 A P.B ME022 A & BDIAGRAM KEY
C ~ ~ A S P-A
F'gur. 6
MAINTENANCE PLANNING HPt4
,g Mainainability a'rc Reliability Goals and Design Data tfi MaintenancePlanning Concepts.
*Support and Test Equipment Requirements. Specific 'ons, Drawingsand Use Plans,
*Supply Supoort Concepts, Requirements and UsE Plans.
*Trainspor-tation and Handling Concepts and RequirEments (includesPackaging and F-eservatror.
STechnical Data Concepts and Requirements fir Luuer3tLionsand Maintenince Training.
# Facilities Reouirements and Suulport Plans
*Personnel and Training Manpower and SkillRequiremnents and Dsru~;
*Funding Requirements xl'o Allocafoc;is forMaintenaince lF'ogixam-.
SManigement Data Needs inrd Use nManmterrance AialySLS StwPort"
Tradeoffs. Prodluct 1'7pi vef'entarid Min aige:Te t by ce+a
1 o S " ' qsL-
-4 .4~
4Maintenance Planning (MP)
Maintenance planning establishes concepts and requirements for each level of equip-ment maintenance to be performed during its useful life. As such, maintenance planning
defines the actions and supportirg requirements necessary to maintain the designed system
and equipment in its prescribed state of operations. Maintenance functions include checkout,
servicing, crow augmentation, status monitoring, inspection, fault isolation, replacement,
modification and overhaul. The degree to which these -arious functions are to be performed
by organizational, intermediate, or depot level maintenance must be spelled out. The useof contract maintenance should be considered. The maintenance plan responds first to
readiness requirements and next to economies in the commitment of supporting resources.Maintenance planning evaluates current and projected maintenance capabilities and
translates them into criteria and requirements which influence optimum system development.Initially, the capabilities are stated as concepts and philosophies which become definitized
specifications as system design progresses. Specific mr.intenance actions to be performed atvarious levels of maintenance and the resource requirements needed to support those actions,
are identified by systematic and detailed maintenance engineering analysis. This analysisis conducted concurrently with hardware design and is updated as design changes. Main-
tenance engineering analysis documentation provides:
* The identification and description of tools and test equipment, facilities, personnel,
spares and repair parts and technical data,* Quantification of most maintenance support needs by time and place,* Personnel requirements analysis by skill, type and number, and* Facilities loading to establish adequacy and utilization.
The maintenance planning and analysis effort is tailored in depth to the complexity ofthe hardware and the program detail required for the specific phase being worked. A block
diagram of events that make up the maintenance planning program is shown on figure 7.
47
4.2 Detailed Event Description
MP-2 Prepare Maintenance Planning Portion of Logistics Support Capabilities Estimate
The total current and projected maintenance capabilities of the operating forces mustbe analyzed for appli(ation to the support requirements (SM-1). Tradeoffs are made inrecognition of the var;ous operations and support restrictions which may be imposed throughuse of these cal)a)ilities. As gross system specifications are being defined, resulting opera-tional reqaiirxments are analyzed to determine the impact of their introduction to the operat-ing forces and supporting maintenance activities. Findings are included in the operational( a1)ilities (ocLment (SM-2). This early planning and analysis provides a realistic assess-ment of the maintenance capabilities of the operating forces to support the new mission,and to identify any new requirements.
MP-3 Evaluate Possible Maintenance Concepts
In conjunction with developing support alternatives for the different system approaches(Sl)-3), various mo'intenance concepts are analyzed. Varied combinations of performancerequirements and maintenance capabilities are traded off to determine the optimum nainte-nance approaches. These analyses are supported by the maintainability and reliability tradeoffstudies (IR-3). Preliminary support requirements are estimated early in the program toallow the comparison of optional supl)port alternatives for selection f the best. Factors tobe considered in maintenance capability estimates include:
* Qualitative and quantitative personnel requirements (PT-3),• Support and test equipment (SE-3),* Supply Considerations (SS-3),* Facilities (FA-3),* Economic Factors (F-2)," Deployment periods and locations, and* Support safety factors.
MP-4 Establish Maintenance Concepts
Maintenance support concepts for the system are established as a result of prior feasi-bility studi,-s and maintainability and reliability tradeoffs between support elements (MR-3).These conc pts will provide guidance for the definition of support requirements. Dependingon the depth of system definition required, overali maintenance concel)ts should include:
* Projected levels and locations of maintenance,* Fault isolation and system testing approach,* Equipment overhaul approach,
C Components repair by maintenance level and location,
48
S ,€hcduled ilaintenance requirements and location, andiainteance demonstration and verification tests.
MP-5 Develop Maintenance Plan Requirements
Maintenance plan requirements must ibe developed for inclusion in the developmentplan and the RlI (S\I-5). The requirements also become the criteria for development ofthe maintenance plan during contract definition. These criteria must identify both programmanager and contractor responsibilities for planning and supporting actions. In support of
l)reviously develol)e(l maintenance concepts (MP-4), these requirements may include butare not restri-ted to:
SI)efinition of maintenance practices to he considered in the proposals.• Maintenance planning nilestone interface with hardware design schedules,• Preliminary "plan for use" criteria outlining,
I)eployment of the system-where, when and how,Operational life of the :y-'em,Maintenance responsibilities by level and location,Operational use (e. g., frequency, duration).
• Guidelines and specifications for maintenance demonstration and test.SIaintenance management and analytical techniques to be used with limitations
specified to suit the program,• Government furnished equi)ment planning criteria, and, Specificat ions for maintenance engineering analysis documentation and other
detailed and summary data requirements.
MP-7 Establi-h Maintenance Evaluation Criteria
('ontractor-propo.-ed maintenance plans should be evaluated for responsiveness to allmaintenance requirements previously defined, as well as:
• ('onmpatibility of the plan with readiness performance specifications and goals,* ('omparison of relative support costs in terms of maintenance man-hours and
investments in special test and support equipment,
I ml)act of planned overhaul requirements on operational availability,
0 Readiness and cost impacts of tradeoffs (e.g., organizational, intermediate, anddepot repair miLx, etc.).
MP-8 Evaluate Proposed Maintenance Plan
MIaintenance plians are evaluated in accordance with criteria in MP-7. The best ele-lnents of proposals from various contractors may be considered for inclusion in the finalmaintenance plan
49
MP-9 App-ove Maintenance Plan
An updated maintenance plan is approved for use and further definition during thedevelopment phase of the life cycle.
MP-iO Conduct Maintenance Engineering Analysis
As sketches or drawings of subsystems and components become available, a maintenanceengineering inalysis will be conducted to determine specific maintenance support actionsby frequel(cy, time, and location. Maintenance engineering analysis documentation interactswith systen design (octimentattion to identify and control requirements for further changesto either design or support. Properly controlled, it will prevent reengineering or repurchaseof available data. This documentation also identifies requirements such as personnel skills.spares provisioning, supply support, servicing, support and test equipment, tech data,shop space, and associated facilities. Analysis techniques are in accord with instructions of
the separate Services.
MP-13 and MP-14 Evaluate Maintenance Demonstration of Prototype
A )reliminary maintenance support demonstration is conducted during contractorsubsystem and system demonstration (SD-13 and SD-14) in accordance with the approvedmaintenance plan (.IP-9). This demonstration and evaluation validates the adequacy of the
planned maintenance program to satisfy mission performance requirements as defined bythe contract. The maintenance support demonstration is part of the logistic support demon-stration and verification program (SM-13). Should the demonstration uncover inadequacies,recommendation for improvements are made at this time.
During this demonstration, selected maintenance requirements are verified and tasksare performed to determine the adequacy of:
* Support and test equipment (SE-13),
* Tech data (TD-14),• Spares and repair parts (SS-12 A and B),
* Facilities (FA-12),• Personnel skill levels (PT-9 and PT-i1), and* Management data plan (MD-10).
As a result of the preliminary demonstraaion, the maintenance support plan is updatedas required and translated into requirements for contractor performance during the produc-tion phase.
50
MP -17 Update Main!;nance Plan
porl plai, is aga11in updatedl to provide current nalitenance requiremients for support resources
:ini n Wt ies.Al ieig (1:1ag rconneda n)n ar aiilvzed to determine if t hey
affect system 116 lia mntcnnce eg., aIdding a component to the, system), etc.) The ainalys'is
1my ASO sh )W tha t :t (h:ilg~ is not ; perat 1( nlliv desvoahle or cost-4'fTect ive for thle systemiTli. ipact of dlesign changes on the maintenance idan should be coasIdered lu1rrig thle
1ogis4tie: , Ippohri evaluation, KIS-17B-
MP-i 8 Conduct Maintenance Support Demonstration and Evcluation
A demonstration performed to evaluate achievement of '~~tvsoutlined1 in themantnacesupot i P- 171 The s, stemi rii he testedI in an actual or simutlated
operationa environmient for the purpose of demllonstrating, that:
* Mantenncefiinct ions cani 'he performewd at the assigned maintenancelee,* ~laiteanc tsksca heacomlhse~lbythe skill levels specified inthe allotted
t i ne,S ~uplport andl test equipi..ent can support the miaintenance function as planlned.
*Technical dat a correct ly describes maintenance tasks to be perf.ornedl,*The supply support planning, including (list ribur ion and range of spares, repair
parts and Special supplies. is correct.*Safety factors have been satisfactorilyv considered,
1* vacuities will sat isfy intended functions, and
*Systerni desNign for maintainability has been accomnplished as specified in the
contract.
MP-19 Preient Maintenance Plan to User
'The Ina intenanllce pla~n 1s again upldated as a result of support demonstration and veri-
fication1. It I ecoluues- part of hie logis-tics plan S\-1)for use, by) the operational organi,:-
I ions. reveving the equipment fo-r Scrvice us.The plan provides maintenance staff members
and coninandler; wvith an unders tandinig of the planning tipon whIich p~reparations for opera-
tional support have I)eenr predicated.
MP-123 Identtify and Analyze Support Deficiencies
N\ Il 'rinlg of Support effect iveness dluring the operat i ial suitality demionstrations
SI)-22) is reqluiret! to determine the 1leKlwnabl~ity of the e'quipmient arid supplxrt resources
51
to~ awh Icvc readlInevss 1wrfi 'rlean(w iN ' r' cont ract ua IlIx av- u! I K) tvst paramct, r,. St~'fic
, :iajntfll(ce deI"n iz1st t iof req uiremien t Awtil inhnI u cl things as:
*Measured aellt-venen t of specified xi aintaii il ltyV and reliability goals,
* CrIicat lonl of main11tenanllce tIlpp )rt procedih )'!I technlical data,
*Verifying the adeq uacv * f personnel training to the speified skill requirements,
*As,-essing the availalhility of p, rsonnel, spares, repair parts, special1 Supplies. fa-,
cibities, support and test equipmenit,
V erification of the range, location and specified use of spares, repair parts, spe-cial -supp~lws, sitpj)4rt c' mn tc.. %,mcli are r-qtiired for opera-'kans and~
ma1.intenance, and
9Assurance that maintainOI Ilii v relialilty,. safetyv and humian env'inrirn chlmr
acterist ics have been considered in h othI equipment design and szupport planning.
Sippori deficiencies will he idcntifiud mnd mnaivzedusigts az ,11-2 olceto sa t sfv liilitenanllce dimonst rat ion requ irements. Trhe resluits of these aInalyses 1 ecomue
part of the logistices support evaliuat ions (SI\1-23). The plan for the operational -;uit ab ility
denionsi rat lonl must specify personnel zt, test condlucto rs who are experienced in operational
ni~mitenmnce of similair equip~ment andi assigned ats evaltuators ( umplies. not technicians).
The teami will Include c'ontractor and1 Service participants undl~er project manager direction.
MP-24 Update Maintenance Plan
Proposed modificat ions to hiardware and support resulting from evaluations D-2
an \I- 21) are analyzed for ('hanges to the maintenance plan. Recomimendat ions are md
for hardware design chainges where t radeidi studies jusitify them as effective improvemients.
These actuins are cw mdi ted in ac'~ordl:(nee wvIth a pplical e ('onfigit ion management
directives mnd Instruct io ns. The revised nmnteinnce plan is uised1 by follow-on olperat ing
units and their appropriate commnands; (SNI-26)
SYSTEM DESIGN SD-I sD-2i SD-3 ASO4A SO~S 6A n
MANAGEMENT Q-a Appove Ccvndct oeAMiw Approve') F A"Ce.
capdbbtl Docurnent Feieslbl't Cha~nge Reqes Developinee' Def n1m'ieltleStudIenes Pla L '9fow
MANAEMET Dfin Estmef Ceo P ept * -II
Support (.- Iupr atsj~e S.po t penc RupoereSu'er
I f)IRP's
Pos~~~~bSM. 7~ At.jc r
_uor ppot _ IElement P"r~ R ie emnt , I
PH SE 't antr'-o
A, x t -Y Base ,tAjz~,,v,)t Pecy.wce Sow~ fc~t ~%'S
y- Fjq Release to, >wvexni
F- 7 1 r - C - 1 ,r--- -1 -I QC I so 1 C.3 S I5
ile ~ x~e ~ j *OdC^~Iet jReview u tic sbS~.e~s ~ foe' ~Deii i L-.j 3r.d Apqyr Sasystem S 5ys' It ~c T "30
i) Des[ D Droci"i I oliDe s; p SirDe-wsPrT~crt Prodir
- C~''ic~3asehne
tt De .e
IA IM IM - y1 IWA
p~ Re )tPi !r
I X .1 1
SS:ee
7 sg
MANTENAIMc VI
S Fsd'T S AJ .fle Acceprtnce
SD ~ S ASLIB 189 SD M SDQ2 Su) K- soel
Ov :Our Sercp Systern AIiatit --w artcl014 Olirs,
Ij Tesb'rg De 70r S!Btf
3V 17ASm 18SM :4
3~ vtaM Ev3iutIo of Lo !k O L T- !
support B I. w.i
PreI,mna3r
-40-~~ m Inw ceweA1:
Figure 7
'4
MANdTENANCE PLANNING (MP)
IL 7'I: De9's j 4.Boo'E l~rt
3- OPERATIOI 'Al.V T COMMAND) FUNCTIONSmraaw (vqjniations Eupment
Failities ant, OIxae S'0PWN~
I Resources to Yee~ tile Wi~ton
EW Follow aOpuiug Ust
I nenreMISSIONI ~ A ~ACCOMPLISHLO
SYSTEMS SUPPORCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
lowE l 1 tAq ii" ad " ,'V
iiiiwacnio ew n
I DIAGRAM KEY
Figure 7
SUPPORT AND TEST EQUIPMENT
, Maintainability and Reiiability Characteristics in Design andPc;formance Goals
Maintenance Planning Concepts, Actions, Requirements andEquipment Analysis
Supply Support Concepts and Provisioning for Spares, RepairParts and Special Supplies
t Transportation and HanOing Design Characteristicsfor Equipment Requirements
I Technical Data Require,,, , Characteristicsand Procedures
" Facilities Design Characteristics, Plansand Siting
* Personnel and Training Requirementsand Human Interface Evaluations
Funding Requirements andAllocations Information for
, Equipment Program
'" , Management Data Needsand Use for Evaluation
of Equipment•~ % Performance, Product
\, Imorovement and". Management by
Exception
.00-4,, ., _ -- s. - .,t~ v-0% ... .0
es"N~ I
5
Support and Test Equipment (SE)
5.1 Introduction
The purpose of the support and test equipment program is to assre that the requiredsupport and test equipment is available to the operating forces and supporting maintenanceactivities in a timely manner. The ability to perform th-! required unscheduled and scheduled
maintcnance deptn( s on the adequacy of the sul)port and test -quipment i(entifie(d or
developed concurrently with the prime system and equipment. Support and test equipment
consists of tools, metrology and calibration equipment, monitoring and checkout equipment,maintenance stands and handling devices which are categorized into special (peculiar to the
system under development) and common (commercially available or currently in the defenseinventory).
The support and test equipment program encompasses all life cycle phases. The develop-ment of support and test equipment requires application of tailored ILS planning techniques
for the same reasons they should be applied to prime equipment projects. The program
events and their sequence relationship to the system design and support management are
shown in figure 8.
5.2 Detailed Event Description
SE-2 Prepare Support Equipment Portion of Logistics Support Capabilities Estimate
Based on the required operational capability, an analysis is made of the projected
manitCnan(Ce capal)ilitis of the operating forces and supporting maintenance activities(MIR-2 and MP-2). An irtegral part of this analysis effort is the assessment of support andtest equipment used to maintain similar systems at various maintenance levels. This actionIs l)ased on available operationsireadimess performance requirement data, gross systemconfiguration, and the preliminary maintenance and maintainability assessments of support
55
nleed1s for the projectedl operation, .n~il supp)ort modes. The re:,iiltant est imates 51Jioulhdefn
bot0h existingi sup port equ ipiment t hat m ay I e uti~lizedI and those recooirenen t- ri.eding furthier
e :I)loratory Atudy or developmnent.
SE-3 Perform Skjport and Test Equipment Trece-orf
Support and test equipment troide-oli studies zire c inducted to santisfy thle altcrrint ie
sup~port conceptAs being conside-red S -)As pa rt of tHie main tainJl i t v and rel ial I it vtrade-offs (M R- 3, thiese studies, consider currently aalieslipi wt and *tlest eqtiipnent
experience of the operating force., and sumpporting maintenance act iv'it ies with suvli equip-mient, support andl test eqiinieni under (1evelopn-wrnt. and the' ana'lysis, of thle techlnicalfeasib'ility,,, cost and1 desirability of developing niew equipment.
SE-4 Establish Support Fquioment Concept
>.4plort and te-L equipment conepts, are selected on thie basis of permorniance, mai-ta inabilit- tnd reliabilitY and cozt trade- 'ifs i\1 W 3 and in ace ,rd width le maintenance
coneeipt (W\I -4). These concep~ts are docuiIrente1 as gross 51zi1)port aind, test equipmrentfunctions, needed to supp1ort opemrat ions and maintenance. They are the basis, for thle initial
requirements (SF,-5) needeo to satisfy thie selected system andl support concepts .-ID-4
and SM-A).
SE-5 Determine Preliminary Support Equipment Plan Requirements
As part of the logistics supplort plan and1 H P requirement J-) support and test
equipmIient requireroents are developed as planning criteria for:
* Special. or general purpose alitomated 'manual ,Yitem testing and fault isolation
system or equiplilent,
" Spe.'ial or general purpose support and test equipment," Special or general purpose handling equiipmnent,
" Fuinding req uiremnt Is for- new or addiit ional ciimmiin support andl test equipmentand1 relatedl spares, repair p~arts and manual,
" D evelopmen t and acquisitimon plamn for new suipport alnd tes t eqiplment
* Metrology anfd calibration e'quipmiienti nd
* .\eqmmis Ition plan for mdditiomial quantities of gvneral puirpose government furnishedl supp~lort anid t- equipment.
SE-7 Establish Support Equipment Plan Evaluation Criteria
ENvIlit j rtei mu st be developed for determining th, conmpet ing contractors7C-Ia t my re-,p( usveniess i) thle supporii t eqimi1ien t la~n requ irement, (81K- ), Procedures,
56
~.clic lnds. , 1141 re'iienet r developrmen t of new supp~ort and t-st
c(llillmflt oir nlniilti f :hlIitionai ~ltie of ex~stIng suppiort and test iequiplel.)
I 1):t Ort of the 11'lafl:1g'illt pln to wich c( ont ract dlefinijtion request for propiosals can
h e lrIepaed tzcc S\:M-7 B and SD)-
SE-8 Evaluate Support Eq,;ipment Prposal(s)
( onqparison of contractor support (qpinment prop~osals require evaluations of thle-
k deqnawv :nd responsivenes,,s of the contractors suplport equipment program.,
'Mlentific8,;lon of and just itleat ii for each p)roposed Item of speci:il si ipport and
test equip)mnflt,
* .dpquuwy of support and test equipment to accomplish maintenancve funictions.
and
* otto (Iesign, develop, provure and support recommended support and test
equipmnent.
Tile resuilts of the evalduation are Included in SM-8 for overall logistics support
prop~osal scanning.
SE-9 Approve Support Equipment Plan
An lipdaite1 support equlipmfent phlnf 1-z app~roved for use and farther definition during
the development phluse4. Toget her with the maintenance plan A IP-9, it becomies part of thle
steyuort plan (SM -9) for inclusion in dlevelopment contracts (SD-lOA) . As such, it auithorizes
the contractor to proced with concurrent development Of Items of sup~port and test equip~-
mnent inI the quantities required for the development phase (est and demion stration. Based
tipon p)rocurement lead timie, act ion Is initiated for special sup1port and test Oequip)ment InI
the quanititle C.5 el imated to be requiredl for thle dlevelop~ment Ipha-se. P"rocuremlent act ion for
other sp eci.al and eominioi. it ems of support or test equipment not beingt developed by the
contractor is progre!,sively initiatedi to fit test and dvtion, ration need (ates.
SE-10 Update Support Equipment Requirements
The supp~lort and test equip)ment requirements andl y's, are miodified and updated
con tintuallv, hased 1ofi cia nges whiceh occur as a result of cont iuing systemi and mnalintenrance
engineering analysis ([fort (Sl)-lOB1 and MV-b0).
SE-l I Design Support Equipment
( oiiurrent with syvin~e design, itemns of support, and test equipment are idlent ified,
dlesignedl and dlevelol ed or acquired inI weo rdlance with Contract specificat ions. Sit alv
57
!TI5 in the Defense inventory wvill be icquiired as CI'E. As a part of the support and testequipmInent dIcsign. sIc "Wl:teflt on should he given to the determination of calibratjonrequirement.,. 'I'liese enlration requiremecnts should then. be comnpared to existing capa-Ii lI i nd i dd it'onal cahi rmtion capab~ilityv is required, the appropriate supporting
tgencv imst he notified so tflat necessary developmtent and,-or procurement action can beaccomiplished.
SE-i 3 Verify Avoilability of Support Equipmeht
In conjunction with the (denmonstration and verification of support requirements (SM-l3.the end items of support and test equipment wvill be evaluated for p~reliminary accept-
ance. Support and test equipment availability for the subsystemn and system demonstration;SD-I3 and SJ)-14) is verified. I)esiz:gn form, fit and func-tion changes to the support andtest equmm'nent nlaie as a result of the preliminary acceptance tests are reflected in anup~datedl supp~ort equipment olan.
SE-16 Award Support Equipment Contract
Contracts 1SM A-16) for required items of support and test equipment are also releasedor included as p~art of the systemi production contract (SD-16) as nppropriate.
SE-i 7 Update Support Equipment Requirements
During detail design andl to establish a p~roduct baseline, designi'sulpport changes mayreqluire updating of the sulpport c-j'iijnment plbu. These chianges must include the results ofthe first arti(cle review of the spiecifications to the supplort and test equijaient (S-D-171).They must l)C madle in accordance witb applicable configuration management (directives andinstructions andi as part of the prelimiinary support evaluation (SM1-1713).
SE-i 8 Accomplish Serv~ce Test of Support Equipment
Final review and acceptance of supp~ort and test equipment hardware prior to deliveryis accomplished In c'onjulnet ion with the 'omuplete demonstration and evaluation of support
requirenients (SM-is). The (demonstration must show, foi example, that:
" The equipmnent performs the mnaintenance functions to the lprescrib~ed maintain-
ability goal," It interfaces properly with lthe complete system) and (does not duplicate functions,
" The itemn is accep~tab~le with regardl to service use (accessibility, durability, re-
pairabiility, vase of op~eration, etc.), and" Performiance requirements established in the developient contract can ibe itet.
SE-19 Verify Availability of Support Equipment
Prior to deployment of the system for operational suitability test, the availability of
all require_ support and test equipment must be verified. Status of change.s made as a resultof the service test (SD-1S) are reported. This assures that all support and test equipmentis ready for delivery, and that updated support equipment program plans are available for
use.
SE-21 A Issue Support Equipment To First Operational Oiganization
Delivery of all required support and test equipment to the first operating unit is ac-
complished in accordance with planned schedules. Interface actions between the contractor,
storage locations and operating units must be complete to assure adherence to delivery
schedules.
SE-21 B ValidaterUpdate Support Equipment Requiremenis
Discrepancies found during delivery acceptance, installation and/or preliminary opera-
tions are suLmitted as changes for updating the :upport equipment plan and specification.
SE-23 Identify Support Equipment Deficiencies
Deficiencies in support and test equipment resulting from operational suitability testing
are identified for corrective action. These deficiencic:: will be identiiZd as part of the supportewiluat,_n (SM-23), and in accord with the maintenance evaluation criteria (IP-23).
SE-24A Initiate Action To Modify Support Equipment
Proposed modifications to the system (SD-24A) must be reviewed with regard to theirimpact on support ad test equipment. Action to modify support and test equipment and
change their follow-on requirements is initiated concurrently with the decision to modifythe system (SD-24B). Interaction of all changes between prime and support equipment mustbe in accord wit'i current configuration management directives and instructions. The impact
of these modifications must be considered in the support evaluation (SM-24).
SE-24B Procure Addilional Support Equipment
Based upon the modification schedules and the complexity of the changes, reprocurementaction is taken for supplying support equipment to iollow-on operating units. Successivereprocurements b,.tsed on progressive changes to the eqtuipment may be necessary. Advanced
planning for these reprocurements becomes part of the support equi, 'Yent l)lan updating
- 59
through all life cycle phases and should be based on the best estimates possible using previous
experience with sirmilar system changes.
SE-25A ModiFy Support Eqi ment
As a result of the decision to modify equipment (SD--25), changes to the support andtest equipment are made, as required. Where the proposed modifications affect the use of
the equipment on other Service systems, appropriate interface action on the change mustbe accomplished through use of current configuration management directives and instructions.
SE-25B isue New Support Equipment
The allocations of support and test equipment for follow-on operating units are made.Continuous monitoring of the status and effe, tiveness of this equipment is accomplished to:
* Continuously update and improve the equipment provided to the operatingforces and their maintenance activities, and
o Provide product improvement information for follow-on replacement systems.
Management receipt of user data, on-site visits and the feedback of management data
system reports (MD-22B), provide the means to continuously evaluatc 3upport equipmentthroughout the operational phases.
60
S Figictwgal Baselne Approval*
MANAGEMENT %uire Approve caxkct Approve Approve I Aprve AppointEOperatint Capabhty System Program systftsCotatSucC~ability Docuffat Feasibility Ctiap Reues Development I Defintion Selectioni
MANGEMNTef's stiateDceonPept DevelopovLog~icsofLoistcsSupot ogmisti Suppor Plan I
RepPeewt dab Reuities eqirmet
I to F
SUPPORT AND2 SE)3 SM4A?TAA E SE T EQ IP eT l PEiae 2 evopm ealie Dt..n iEjls up
Logilt PofL oistc Spiport Logistc M ngment SpotE pp IE ii~ ( P& w Sppote Ate i e s Sup or etsog a er t s Pla Ft
LIFEr CYCLEriPHASES cocp orP o oa
Fomuato
A~sovl 1! Allocationr Baseline AMorvalof I of Pet-forrrwce Specificationrs
aW ~dRmL Rei~ fo. Dovelopmeni
SD-7A S &- D9A I D IO1A [ So ~ D- St2 SD-13 SD-iAl S50-25tAppoint Evaluate Approve F Awar Cietr Review CondiucI Conduct Establitih rSowce -0 Systems System Syste Deafled arid Acwve L ~ bsi !rtemi 1 Proosed fInPf
Selection Proposal 1 Developmnt Deveoieer t L eSig, es Demonsuatimul Demor tration j PIMOil Fir
ProvideBeiSmaprt SeetDetailed
Reopiremeirts Contractoi(s) Designtor RFP 7-1-7
I Design Support
PRoposaI I Changes
DeveiopI EylaeEttfsr wtrad Conduct Demonistrationi Update A* 1o
Logistics Suppot Logistics Support Gid~e Logist-cs (Continuous, Dendg aniaiotfSupr SpManagement Support DveloetSjio Eor
P Ian Proposals) Plan Rur Re.rnrt ula iremnttR
EstablishrSupport Critena Design Sutt
for ProposalIChgeir.tEvaluationr
Estatilsi Support Evaluate A ppi ote I Updtre Design Ve, tv ALEquipment Plan sptporl Suipport Suppir Suppol t ,~i.l Supi
Evaluat'on E qijpmrewr E wr~ret jrent Er wvritE 4 i lofSuppor EquiCre romiO5lS Plin RequrementvsEqimnCof
I COxwges to _
SI 1 1
V Product Baseline ApprovalI of Co'figuialion and Fun~ds
Release Ix Production RunsBased or First A!irfe A£etync.
9Z~ SD- 1hA Ic . SD-19 SD- 20 S-21 -2SD7s-n.!ee Conduct Accept Verity *Eqjip First Av23SDs rttite Dtio User Service Systemi Availarb~itv Organization Over(Xatici .0 deirtiN go Propos AvaRPrdutie leoiact Test IT Oeatoa ot Resources Tlest) Suitability Deticienies Madillixati
F~iist rticleDec i it to Mli
I To SOD
SMis SM i6 F! M1M2 M2Jd!,Award Corp;et, Complete Demonstration SvMut 23aijSM
S;.DPw support &JipOr? a i uvpdatie Eotull Evalate-PinResources Speci-iations CSapties Ret Piejwt
B placns Moit cat,o
.)E16 SE 1 E1 E1 E21A SEAAJi pdate I Accirpo sh IsueiySpotSuiport Service Test vii~, Suppji AE ipert Equipmrent oftSulami: of Sppor! E qu Mvt
Caril Reclilenis EuipmenrI Fituiifrit o!rrv e
Va;,icr.te UpdateI R e, r ll fu
SUPPOT AND TEST EOMENT (SE)
Ver ify Eq, First Conduct oiAvaitaohty -4- OaIZAli1 opratiai idenitfy -0. Propose Existing
a: Resouces (Test) Sujblilty 0?ficiencies Mdifications Ewjipment
DeciionOPERATION4ALto kbiCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
af~on E (,,ExMarrap C*9rnizations, Equipmrl.
k 'angeResources to Meet the Mts sioe,
SM223] aSM 24EsI* Follow a .. 111 Op gUinftl
VP Sppot 'w lnpac il Manteanc MISSION
Aaale 1Pooe Eqpment jACCOMPLISHEDModifcatios t Readiness
SYSTEMS SUPPORTCOMMAND FUN4CTIONS
ncti the Acquisitio nd woorid wdilechnKA11 14napmri of Wqjpons aneSEquiotiuwt Systems. Their Moitf ,c*.onRepi Procu, ffwit a" Prowtsinqof Surtng tnwndtoes
SFD 1
Sf St iA :
DIAGRAM KEY
~~J1110'sV
Figure 8
SUPPLY 8tIPPORT
*Maintainability and Rehability Data Vo Spares and Repair Parts Selection.
*M-ritenance Planning Requirements tor Repair, Overhaul and Resupply.
*SuWport and Test Equipment Requirements for Spares, RepairP.1ts and Speci3!l Suppl!es
*Transooi!at1on and Hir~ndig Requirements for Receipt,Storage. issue and Shipment
*Techwcal Data Requirements and Procedures foi PartsBreakdownr, Age Controls, Specidl StOragOe and SeectiyeCammodt, Management. i
,9 ac'ities Requirernens by Space, Location, SupportILevel and Function.
*Personnel and Training Requirements for Supply\ Support Personnel.
*Funding Rcqieirents and Alocations forf
*Managtement LData Collecton 3nidAnaiysis of Suppiy Eftctiveiless
M the Operating Level.
4'4*. a E
6Supply Support
6.1 Introduction
Maintaining operational readiness under diverse conditions of military use dependsdirectly on the availability of the right supplies at the time and place they are needed.Supl)ly supl)port is an essential element of the logistics integration effort and is responsiblefor the timely provisioning, distribution and inventory replenishment of spares, repairparts, and special supplies.
Supply planning for spares and repair parts must be based upon technical inputs frommaintenance planners and engineers (e.g., system/equipne, utilization rate, operatinghours, failure rates, required field repair rates, locations, and selected maintenance itemscritical to safety and mission accomplishment). Considered are such supply inventorymanagement factors as the agency responsible for support, the planned management method(e.g., item control by project manager, inventory manager, or gross commodity class),item criticality, item priorities, distribution, repair cycles, attrition rate, and replacementlead time. This process requires supl)ort management attention through all phases of theequipment life cycle. Inventory management control depends upon current and completeknowledge of item status by configuration and location so that support management deci-sions can be made on a responsiv'e basis.
Planning support for new equipment also includes the responsibility of alerting indirectback-up and housekeeping activities to these interfacing supply support responsibilities insuch areas as facilities, installed property, POL, and munitions.
A block diagram of the events that make up the supply support progvam and theirrelationship to system design and support management is shown on figure 9.
p 63
6.2 Detailed Event Description
SS-2 Prepare Supply Support Portion of Logistics Support Estimate
Based on projected logistics support requirements for equipment proposals (SM-1),an analysis is con(ucted to assess the capability of the supply system. A preliminary estinateis made of the suply support workload and the type of storage and distribution techniquesthat might be employed to support the operational and training mission (SP-1 ), the nrainte-nance (apalbilities (.MP-2), personnel requirements (PT-5), and planned facilities (FA-5).l-arly i hentification of the criteria needed to plan long lead time resource procurement, suchas tooling, eqluipment, technical data, etc., is desirable to permit later definition of therequirements for provisioning and acquisition of spares, repair parts, special supplies, muni-tions, POI,, subsistence and housekeeping supplies on a time phased basis.
SS-3 Perform Supply Support Trade-offs
Supply support considerations (modes, methods, and constraints), to be applied duringsysten feasibility studies (SD-3) and evaluate during trade-off studies (MIR-3) are identi-fied. These studies may be conducted by government or by selected contractors. They arebased on operational requirements, maintenance concepts and alternative supply supportconcepts and te(hniques for provisioning, requirements determinations, inventory control,supply locations, distances, mode of transport, use of facilities, etc.
SS-4 Establish Supply Support Concepts
A preliminary determination is made to select the basic ground rules under which supplysupport is to be provided. The materiel management system best able to support the opera-tional requirements is determined. Factors are developed for estimating spares and repairparts, special supplies, munitions, POI,, subsistence aind housekeeping supply costs for thesystem life cycle. The proposed plans, milestone charts, techniques and concepts developedduring in-house or contractor studies are thoroughly reviewed. IA)gistic support conceptsfor spares, repair parts, and equipment provisioning objectives are established.
SS-5 Develop Supply Plan Requirements
A slp)ly plan requirements package is prepared for inclusion in the support planrequirements and the RFP (SM-5), for submittal to those contractors participating incontract definition. The plan includes:
" Supply support concepts, techniques and related assumptions,* Sipply program milestones, and
64
Provisions to a: ire direct participation with other program siipport elements to
assure life cycle continuity of logistic apport management.
SS-7 EP3i1ish Provisioning Requirements Criteria
Provisioning and supply management requirements and evaluation criteria are furnished
for inclusion with otier support criteria in the logistic support management plan (SM-7A).
The contractor must be given management data requirements (MID-4 through MD-7) and
other specific procedural controls or constraints for consideration in his support )laning.
This package should call for contractor discussion of the concepts, techniques, and procedures
proposed for both the provisioning func. , and su1pply item requirements determination,
distribution, and control.
SS-8 Evaluate Provisioning and Support Proposas
Contractors are evaluated for their capability to provide concurrent and responsiveproduction of spare parts, the ratio of sta.idard .,,ock listed ,pare parts and equipment to
new parts and equipment, delivery schedules, emergency requirements and rapid delivery.
Their proposal to provide materiel supl)ort to testing and training programs is also evaluated.
Evalhation of supply support proposals is ac, omplished by specialists in each area of
l, gistics. The final supply support plan must reflect the "best mix" solution of all support
element ir.puts. Support management assures a transfusion of the best ideas from the con-
tractors' proposed plans into a support program that is both responsive to operational
requirements and in harmony with defense supply constraints and objectiv(.s.
SS-9 Approve Provisioning Plan
Firal approval of the provisioning plan, as part of th. logistics support development
l)lan (\I-9), is accomplished. This approval follows verification that the supply plan is aproduct of the iatest and best information, and that the plan has been thoroughly coordinated
and integrated wit', all other planning efforts. This results in assurance that all plans havingimon requirements are using the same values and have com)atible objectives.
SS-10 Prepare Provisioning Documents for Test
Inremental Ipreparati-n of l)rovisioning documentation for spares, repair parts and
Spe(ial Sul)ldics needed to sul)ort testing is begun concurreutly with the suirt of detailed
desigli (SI) IOB 1'nd IP'lintenance engineering analysis (.\ P-10). Special sul piies, such as
lubricunts, epoxies, etc., are included in provisioning documents as they cait be definedthrough iaintenlance engineering analysis efforts. Quantititive determinations a:e based on
65
these analyses, contractors' experience and design and procurement parameters. Contractors'recommendations are incrementally received by subsystem end item for approval or adjust-ment. These recommendations include the range of items established by the maintenanceengineering analysis, their locations and qunntity together with an explanation of the groundrules and methods of calculation employed. They should cover the requirements for all testand training activities prior to equipping the first operational organization (SD-21) arid, becompatible with operational provisioning criteria.
SS-11 Approve Items Provisi ned for Test
Review, a'proval, or readjustmcnt of contractors' recommended spares, repair partsand special supplies for test must be accomplished within scheduled milestones. It is donein response to the maintenance plan and in consideration of past experience on like equipment.
As a follow-on to test provisioning document approval, contractor engineering compu-tations for spares, repair parts, and special supplies are begun for initial operational phasequantities. Formal action on provisioning documentation is accomplished concurrently withSM-16. Usage data, factored reliability test data, current engineering changes, residualassets from the test program, and initial lay-in quantities are considered in the progressivedevelopment of initial production quantities. Distribution programming and deliveryschedules are developed in accordance with esta1ished milestones and program require-ments. Progressive preparation of allowance listings includes item nomenclature, federalstock number, part number, unit of allowance and quantity, price and standard supportcodes (MD-11A).
SS-12 A and B Procure Spares, Repair Parts, and Special Supplies ;or Testing and Training
Based upon the definitive order for spares, repair pa:ts ad special supplies (SS-1 1) andapplicable system /support command specifications, procirement is initiated in acco,'dancewith the approved test and training provisioning documents.
SS-16 Procure Spares, Repair Parts and Special Supplies To Support Operations
Upon formal completion and approval of the allowance and distribution plan begunin SS-11, additional quantities are incrementally procured or produced for issue to servicetest and initial operating units, based upon progressively improved usage data.
SS-18 Verily Suitability of Spares and Rerair Ports
As part of the demonstration and evaluation of support requirements (SM-18), suita-bility of the spares and repair l)arts to satisfy operational and maintenance requirements
66
is verified. For selected items critical to operational readiness, a determination is maderegarding:
- The validity of the item selection based upon justified maintenance requirements,* Effectiveness of the supply system with regard to item location and time to deliver,* The acceptability of the item as regards packaging, storage and other service use,
andOther specified performance requirements.
SS-19 Deliver Spares and Repair Parts to User
At a predetermined date prior to equipment operations, the using organizations requisi-tion required spares, repair parts and special supplies from item managers in support oftheir operational activities. Automatic initial issue may initiate supply support in somecases. Inventory control is initiated with usage records and stock replenishinent procedures.
SS-21 Validate/Update Provisioning Plan
The provisioning plan (SS-9) is updated to reflect changes resulting from test. findings(SS-18). Support management reviews the revised plan to insure compatibility with planrevisions of all other support elements. The revised plans are included in the updated supportmanagement plan (SM-21).
SS-23 Identify Supply Support Deiciencies
As a part of the overall support evaluation (SM-23), supply deficiencies are identifiedduring operational suitability demonstrations and initial operations. These deficiencies areincluded in the support capability evaluation, (SM-24) as a basis for the decision to modify(SD-24). They may encompass any or all supply parameters described in previous events.
SS-24A Update Provisioning Plan
During typical modifcation cycles, the provisioning plan (SS-21) is updated to reflectthe impact on supply support. The updated plan beconics the basis for supporting modifica-tion kits and follow-on operational procurements.
SS-24B Procure Spares and Repair Parts
Where the decision to modify results in site modification action, procurement of supplyitems to support modified equipment is initiated. Appropriate hardware change identification,ald status reporting is required to document and control configuration changes in accordance
67
with current directives and instructions. This procurement becomes part of the actiontaken under SD--24B.
SS-25 Update Allowance and Disibution Plan
As a result of revisions to the provisioning plan (SS-24A) and other recommendationsby initial operating units, the allowance and distribution plan is updated to reflect:
" Supply support assets utilization to date,• Change in distribution of assets and future procured items,* Adjustments in allowances for follow-on operating units, and* Inventory control changes with respect to records, reporting, and reorder.
Monitoring supply requirements is a continuing task from the first provisioning actionthroughout the life of the program. This will insure adequate and timely response to missionsupport needs. The follow-on monitoring of supply support effectiveness is done throughanalysis of usage information and reports of maintenance actions required throughout theoperational phase of the program (see MD-22B).
68
Fmcteonal Baseline Approval
aid FundsRelease b
SYSTEM DESIGN SD- I SD-? W SD-OAS, D-A SD-1AMANAGEMENT Re~ired ApprovewCfd~ Approve Approve I Pove Appoint Eval
Operational Capability System Program Systems Contract source Systcapability Documet Feasibility Change Reilues Development 0, teo lio0n Selection PrB
* PcaeRequirements RequirementsI to(RFP
I Reqjer! ibjI Pioposal
SUPPORT3 4MAAEETDefiie Estimate Develop Prepare Deve lop DeecE3I
Logistics ot Logistics Suipprt L Logistics Support Plan Logistc up~ EvisaSupport support Alternatives Support Prograim Requiremnts t I
Repireiiets Capabilities Change Reque st I
SPOTPrepare Eserform
SuConcept Supportmo I4te
Fomlto fo rooa
Pakg IvlatoLIFE CYCLE a1
PHASE MP-4
SUPL S- S- ji)S- S-
Allocation Baseline Approva;
I and Funds Release fo, Dvc*~piment
SDASD-9A I OiA rSD-EvlaeSD-IlI SD-I12 SD- 13 SD- 14 , SD-15 SD- 16 'talEvlaeApprove I Award Gomjplete Rve oai Conduct Establis&sSystems system System Detai led and Approve subsystem ii. System -O ProposedIntaeuin
B rpoa Development Developmient B besvel Design DernVrsatiwr Demonstration Product Production
SelectBegin
S rContract!0(s) I Design
I ___ ____SM_SW9 SM-10 SM 1A M-1 AwardEvaluate SPA-l,~ 15 Snto and
I Logistics Support Guide Logistics (Countinuous) Design andAMVldtoofeursSupport DevelopmentI Support upport Pa eore
PIOPLOUS)ls Plan ReurmnsConrrtis)
iat
Changes to,,SS-109 12
and ApW55SS9 55-10 55-lI 55-I?.' Presi fogpov rvi ~ t PrEvaluate Approve j Prepare Approv Procure DPrpre n ~o Pioir wae (0IProvisioning Provisiorninj Provisioning items Spares 4 Puts Doclumens lotee Cioiion U!Ce and D;Dcmns Provisionimd Tesing9 Rapeat for 55-1l Allowilnce and Distnibtion PIO&I.Proposals to etfrTet ann SD-18 Continued (See 1051 11) ler Waei
acteSpcilPiocre Spares Palls j ei to So~SUMI forsupnplies to Support OversIr
Dein
SU1PPLY SUPPOR
V Product Baseline Apoval *I of Configurtion and FunidsI Release fat Production Rums
Based on First Article Acceptance
5-6SD- 1A SD 3018 SD-19 SD-20 SD-21 SD-22 SD-23 SD-24A SD Vent~Complete C@I~JCI Accept Verify Equip First Ccnidxiclt -Va auclion Pritio e Use Service System Availability -p Organzation - i, Opetatiorat Identify -ap Propose Exlr;tin iResouiPrdcinTest for Operational of Resources 1Test) Suiablity Deficiencies Modifications Eipipment
AwidCple Coplt Temostting EvaluateatiSuFprst S Aprti
DedcvalationoesInesspection Supor Meodriefy
Oiitiict(5 Prod cation
:ilippor comSupet opeeDmntainUdt vlaeEaut
EvaU atI ' I ME auto fL gsiss upr ~ W Ipc
spCondes C puaina eStaitySaeadUPate Mplifictions oac iccai Osrbtii Par0 Sars as o rviioiSupportla Dsriito
re o Sppore Praionn IS-onlin9uSo21 S-2 SS2Ai ad
1we Spaes. Pas MW Secial Prt
Figure 9
SUPPLY SUPPT ($8)
SD20S-21 SD-22 SD-23 SD-24A SD 25Verity Equip Firs! Cwnxt modify
-4tlbiit organization -- Oeatroiral b Identify Propose ExistingRtesources (Test) Suitability Deficiries modificationrs Equpmpent
Demonastration
Dwsion OPERATIONALto "lty, COMMAND FUNCTIONS
"aag (O'gaizations. EquiPIM111.Facilities midAt Macde Suporing
Change Resources to Mid INe mission
Update Evaluate I EvaluateLogisticsgo SpotSpotIo -w mieaeMSIOsuppoirt aalte fPooe ~Epm ACCOMPLISHED
SYSTEMS SUPPORTCOMMAND FUNCTIONSIrxfude the Acqusli id Word *I*yectn"c wabapa"eof Wma s "aEtipmrrt Systm. ,%at- moi~itco,Roliir. Pmaurmuwnt wid Proisioningof Suorting lnverles
Updiate 1 Suply piovisioiring Allowwce -0wWPiovsorrng S4"t plans Distribioncl
li~i5Jii
DIAGRAM KEY
Or L.KUMIOWNN Ai 90 A 10K ft00
OU -0- inb*,% Ic Offm..t O LV
Figure 9
TRANSPORTATION AND HANDLING
W ,aintainability and Reliability Goals for and Impact on Packaging,Preservation and Transportability
" Maintenance Planning for Deployments, Repair, Recycle andSpecial Handling
" Support and Test Equipment Transportability in Design, Packagingand Preservation
*Supply Support Systems and Locations for Transport, Packagingand Preservation
# Te~hnical Data istructions for Transportation, Handling,Packaginig and Preservation
# Facilities Requirements for Shipping andReceiving Terminals
*Personnel and Training Requirements fo., allModes of Transportation. Handling,Packaging and Preservation
*Funding Requirements and Allocationsfo( Special Supportiig Transport and
Packaging Progtams
*Manaiement Dati AnalysisQuantifying Transportation
Delays and HandlingLoss
ec -';
4tw
10 *'0410
00
Transportation and Handling
7.1 Introduction
Tie transportation and handling eli ient includes the characteristics, actions and
requiceients necessary to insure the capability to transport, preserve, package and handle
all equipment and support Items. The functional requirements and actions are developed
from operation.- andl maintenance analy'ses, equipment design drawings, specificat ions and
other (locumnintar ion dehinlt.g t ransportabliuty criteria, handling equipment and procedures.
arid packaging and preservation nee-ds. Requirements to be considered include:
" Transpo~rtability and packaging criteria such as time, locations, duration, fre-
uIlenCV, Volume, safety, securi t-v and fragilitv;
I )esirvd location., for t ranspi irtat ioll equipment and facilities;
" Planned avaial ilit y of existin~g systeiii capabilit i(s byt quantity, volume and
locatilon;
" Adtditijonal or special t ransjk)rtat ion arid handling procuremient requiremuents;
Undl
" In terfates volthl other syt emt tdesign and suj )1o'rt mnagem ent functit iii,.
TlA'Se'1 Cfffl 1 erahitnus requirv supo)rt nianagentet at tentIion throug tglall phase4s of thet
life cyc'le. B~loc k diagramis of ac -t I %I I it i t, t ransM m rt at itn ai 1nd hl'oling 1 mrugran IilantI
it, r intera imli with other design and suppqtrt prograim twtents art, >h-li 'ii t tig re 1t).
7.2 Detailea 6.'vent Description,
TH-2 Prepare Tmmepoowaioet oid Handlimj Poiton i d Loglitk Suppmr Capa~uility Eutimm
lrauiAtrtatloi itnh.il ingfi anti packagiliv tapah il itw. ito suiqp irt lie pr, ; 4 s4ed It git i:
rtitiiremet.t SMN- I )art vltuitte fior Inpt inot, the, ltogi~ties c"pp. "41 plilitY t-11tin.04tSN-21 This evaluatiotn includet. b roadl ton~derat ions of:
71
* Initial transportation, packaging and materials handling considerations ofdesignated and backup modesi, transportation and '..i.Jllng equipment require-ments, and packaging requirements for movement or deployment of equipment,munitions qnd supplies.
" Rationale to be used in requirements identification,* Requirements constraints (SM-i on transportation and handling capabilities," Operations and support modes (e.g., deployments, frequencies, durations, en-
vironments, support concepts, etc.),* Current capabilities to satisfy requirements, and* Data on similar equipment (MID-2).
TH-3 Evaluat Efect of Suppoit Alt-matives on Tronspooition and Handling
Gxovernment or contractor transportation, packaging and handling trade-off studiesare conducted for selection of optimum miodeQs, and procedures- All alternatives are ratedfor the most favorable conitnation of options to be further defined, including those involvingother supJport elements. Forecast information regarding cost, technical feasibility and highrisk areas is prepared. The results o this effort -ire included! in the maintainability and
reliability Studies (NIR-3) ani, systemi feasibility studies (SI)-3).
THI-4 Estalisfi Tronsportation and Handling Concept
Transportation, handling, packaging and pre-svrvation concepts and requirements arte
established InI ConIs(Mnnce with imantainabiiit V and ellab ility t rauis4ffs ( MR--3 , results
of feasib ilityv stuldies SI); 3) and mnainteniance and other suplport cinmeelts. The-se concep~ts
and req irenien t.' takc thle fo rmn of t il gro'Ss stwcitica tionis to I c included III the svsteiii
'Ind >,up lx)rt v'oncelit form ilmtion jpackzipes -D 4B 1 and S \ -41i). Thev describe 'w lec ted
SNvste ii equ ij unen t 111 ides under (sonsidti ori for det ale(4 I 'sl~clticationls developinen.
TH-5 Ptovide Trompotiol an-i Handling Inpvt To Svpport Plan Requwewmens
.As a resul:' of sv-'tt'ii concept approval I)-I .logistics supjwirt plain requirviiients
are p r41 ~arts I for Mci' isitl 'niI thle sy'&t iii lt-v'l&piinent plan i )D5). These in puts;a re int lie for ofn co~ nt ract terni mt lojgy ft ri iciision i I tithe logistics sit pf l tt it'ragt'-nient phln kSM-7.k) antI the rspnt-- for ;poil. They Include tich things as
" ( tiricpt infotrmtation T11-4)."*o of cont ractor and gUvernient t ransixortation :wnd handling development
efforts antd milestones.
" Technicval interfacs.
" lit jug t rsw.~pxirtation. handling and piackaginig sveins toiwI~ consideredi. andl
" lnItWa functional transportation models.72
TH-7 Establish Transportation and Handling Evaluation Criteria
Criteria for evaluating the transportation, handling, packaging, and p~reservation por-
tions of contractor p~ropo~sals must i developed for inclusion NNith that of other support
elemients (SM-73). \Ieasvremyent and evaluation methods mnust Oe specifie'd to assess the
adequacy of contractor proposed piagranis to idlentify transportability and handling r'-
qu irements.
Ev'aluation of the c,,ntra(-iar rosponse to approved support requirements, (Sl)B)
should include considerat in of accessiklit v, availab ility, depetndabl-hity, delivery response
tim'i, survivality. seC(1*1ru , '"afety, humian factors, cost, etc. The contractor should also b~e
evaluated for the logic of his p)rop~osed^ use of existing transportation and handling capa-
bilities and his justification for additional special support
TH-8 Evaluate T.,nsportton and Handling Proposals
Evaluation of t ransportabi lityv, transportation, handling, packaging, and p~reservat ion
proozds are p~erformed~ as part of the overall logistic supplort evaluations(Ms
TH-9 Aplwove Transpotation and Handling Plan
The tr:tus~wrtation and handling plan is coo~rdinated and reviewed for c )nipatabiiitv
with operat onal and supp rt plawining. It is approvedl as part of the logistics sup)port
dlevelopment plan.
TH-iOA Update Transportation and Handling Requirements
A\pprov'al of tw li ui poxrt development :'dan (S\ 1)9 and SDI) 9At signals the statrt ofdevai14ei de'sign .-Ind tit 1w1, 111inn 1i14 of a col t [inlnIng ma:1in tenancte nginevring ain:dyiv*ts effo rt
i5!)- 101)" fnd Ml P 10. A\li tratn5siorittio :md hanidling roqupmreenmI inpiuIts.; iniludfing design
sulxirt character.t it's, mu11st Im' cmit iniiiiu'1V updatted throiglimut all lift' y uIlt- v-nts until
est~ dihinnt f the jm~rt s4,i prod uct hbmselne ;SI),5. Rt-sil ts include icrinient~al
acce~l i iie of de. ill stip jxirt Iccisions ind detailed sj i fiea ions critina fo r newA Iy id ent i ted
lliuirellien ts.
TH-ic0e Input Tro upof9cfion and Handlinq Spotciftcations to Sy~~. Soppont Piano
Uj~ lated '~rn~.r. ~'~and hiandIling reqm ircnient s jtroiid the lv -'for developlHni
(lctalml s~wi'cit iin fo r design :nil dt elonpnewit of syvsmvinns am l ,I)Ixlt vquip~jnint. ( in-
trrcnt t'valuat ion of t rzin~qRrtatIio n and handling sli ppjwrt elemenits miust be actonliplishe I
as 1-art oif subsystemn and system (lemminst rations ;SD 1 3 and I -1.
73
TH-16 Award Special Transportation cond Hanidlirng Contracts and Agreements
Contracts for transportation and handling are included as part of the production con-tract (SD-16) as appropriate. Corcurrently, host-tenant or interdepartmental agreementscr- initited to insure follow-on transportation and handling support.
TH-1 3 Evaluate Tansportafion and Handli.g of Hardware
As part of the demonstration and verification of support requirements (SM-18), the
transportation and hatndling evaluatinn includes:
* Evaluation of the transportation system, transportation and handling equipment,
and packaging capabilities to achieve all operational and support objectives.," Review of adequacy of host-tenant and interdepartment agreements," Providing acceptance and contract change inputs to effect correction of trans-
portation packaging and handling deficiencies, and ," Providing active support for testing.
TH-21 Update Tinspotation and Handling Requirements
In preparation for equipping the first operating unit, the transportation and handlingportion of the logistics support management plan is updated to assure:
" Transportation and handling guidance for operational support activities,
" Identification of critical potential problem areas for specialized equipment, modes,routing, etc.,
" Identification of all items of special equipment and facilities required for receipt,on-site htandling, storage and reshipment of system and support resources, and
" Identification of specialized packaging and preservation actions, including instruc-tions and controN', for items which require reuse of packaging at production sites.
TH-23 Identify Deficiencies in Transportation and Handling
During operational suitability testing, all transportation, packaging and handling tech-ni( ,l and management deficiencies which compromise timely and economical support areidentified. These deficiencies are evaluated along with all other system and support defi-ciencies (SNM-23) to determine the overall impact of a proposed modification ( )M-24) priorto the lecision to modify SD-24B).
TH-24 Update Transportation and Handling Specifications
Following the decision to modify, transportation, packaging and handling specifications
(JtI-Wl0 ) in l-w various plans and documents are updatcd to reflect the latest modification
74
'
requirements. These specifications may call for new or changed transportation and handlingresources or they may be simple changes to procedures. Typical operational modifications iresult in either a modification recycle (SD-23 through SD-25) or a continuation of operations.
In either case, all operating unit, operational command and system support command docu- 4mentation is updated to reflect the change. Experience gained in developing and implement-ing project plans for tran;portation, handling and packaging should be summarized for usein plsnning future systems.
II
320o-397 0- 64 - 6 75
A
Functional Baseline Approval
MANAEMEN Peaed cotand Fiunds Release for
SYSTEM DESIGN SD- I SD-2 SD-3 SO-11 4- A SD-7A iMAAEMN Re~ied " e Coduct Approve Approve Approve Appoint ce
operational Capability System Progr-i Systes Contract Source tionrCpbltDouet Feasibility Change Reques Developmet I Definition Selectionrt
Luhot P roviowi 1 ConKept Approve Provide
FmltmSupport Support IPcaeReppiremts Reppiremerts rRF
ifor RFP CAl, Req
I PropoPa
SUPPORT S-1S- W M4 W M7 oMAAWEN eine Estimate Develop prepare Develop Developlo
Logisfics of LogisticF Suports- Logi stics Support Plan 10Logist:cs Support Remonsupr u-t Alternat~,*s Support Program Requirements M ianagement I an
Reurmrt C iiisCaneRqetBPlan sabl
Support Criteria PrI for Poposal luat
TRANSPORTATION TH-2T- H4TH5T s7
"'snAND HANDLING Provide Evaluate Effect Establish Provide T&H IEstablish E H
T f upr T & H Inutt * & onEstimate Alternatives Concepts SUPPert Plan Evaluation Pr 1a
onIHRqieet Criteria
LIFE CYCLEPHASES
* T Allocation Baseline ApprovalSI of Performance Specifications
and Funds Release for Development
SD-7A S[.SSOIC SD-11 SD- 12 SD-13 SD- 14 SD-15 SD- 16;tEvaluate -vpoe I Awarj Complete Review Conduict Conduct Establish
eO Stems aym ~ Systemi Detai led and Approve Subsystem -1o System Il Proposed Iflitlale Plion Proposal v' elopii Dmvlopment Design Design Demonstration Demonstration Product Production;ity a 8aselanes
rovideBei
remerits Contractor(s) IDesign
Request forChneProposal
S-AS8 M9S1-0SW-12A SM13 *M15 SM16.lop Evaluate Establish MntradApprove Conduct Demonstration Update Award
Spot Logistics Support Guide Logistics (Continuous) Design and and Validation of support SupportSuepori pt DveopmetSpotEir upr Support R~'ruirements Plan ResourcesC
Ian Proposal(s) Plan I equirenients Contracts)
stablish AlEvaluatetCriteria Dsgi/upt
Propiosal ~Change Impact*aluation
I All SystemI and SuppovtI Elernents
TH-7 TH-8 HqB.3 TH-16i5h Evaluate Approve Ujpdate T It H AwardII T &H T &H Requirements Special T & Hlion Proposals Plan lContinuious) TalH Contiact.' Agpna TTBA griee mmlIts
T ",N-lOBs tinput T & H Speciticutirins (Continuous) laiestto System Support Plans
TRANSPRATION AN(INCLUDES PACKAGING
T ProdLct Baseline Approvalof Configuration and Funds
I Release for Production RunsBased on First Article Acceptance
SOD 16 SD- 17A ID s1-i SD- 9 $D-20 SO-21 SD-22 SD-23 SD-24A fyDComplete I Conduct Accept Verily Equip First Conduct tolitbInitial* Detai led User Service System Availability -.. Organization -- o Operational 0p Identify -V- Propose Exi rctProductlon Production Test for Operational of Resources (Test) Suitability Deficiencies Modifications Eopijl
rFirst Article iioInspection
to Modify
IChiangeProductirm
SM-16 SM-17?I-8SM1 I-3 SI-24Award Complete i Complete Demonstration UpaeEvaluate EvaluateSupport Support iand Evaluation ofSupt.upotIacResources Specifications Supr eurmnsSpotCapabilities
of ProposedContract(s) B lnModifications
Pr'
TH-16 TH1 TH-21 TH-23 TH-24Award EvldeUpdate Identity Update
TAgreeCentsat Requ~irements Deficiencies Spert1ications
SupportElement
I Inputs
Figure 10
TRANOTATION AND KANILIN (TN)(INCLUDES PACKAGING AND PRESERATiO)
SD- 20 SD-21 S0422 SO-23 SD-24A SD 25Ify Equip First Condict po seModify
bitity -W Organization -p Operational -W Identify PoseExistingroes (Test) Suitability Deficiencies Modifications Equipment
Demonstration -
DecisionOPERATIONALto MdifyCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
Manage Organizations, Equipmewnt.Facilties a&W Alocate Supporting
Chug Resources to Mod the MisolonPduion
To SD 16SM 2
SM-21 SW3S-4EgaiWwp 4 Pa lina WuaI ftUpdate Evaluate Evaluate
Logistics 10 Spot -upr matMatence = MISSIONSupor Capabilities of Proposed Eqppioe.at ACCOMPLISHED
Plan I I oiiain Readinesssupply
SYSTEMS SUPPORTCOMMAND FUNCTIONSInclude the Acqluisition andl Worid-WidTechnica Managemen of Weapons andEquipiment Systems, Their Modiicmili.11140r. Procurement arid Provisliningof SupportIng Iiventories.
TH-21H.3 H2Update Iett Udl
Requiremmnts Deficiencies Specifications
DIAGRAM KEY
my Loohica w s S 60 a w 11Aa iftb .000WDeciono LOW to Aja. Abow of =141 Se L601111K
slalo WumetrnM UIsma".O4 C.
Figure 10
iFTECHNICAL DATA C 8
'T4 tr/'a OSpO'aAuratIe S
Maintainability and Reliability Goals and Criteria for Accurate and Instructive. Technical Data Coverage
,Maintenance Planning of Technical Data Concepts and Techniques withHuman Factors Included
# Support and Test Equipment Drawings, Specifications, Instructions,Constraints, Procurement, Test and Use Inputs
* Supply Support Concepts, Policies, Provisioning, Item Listings,Illustrated Parts, Inventory Record and Control, Locations,Repair and Use Information
* Transportation and Handling Concepts, Drawings,Specifications, Instructions, Acquisition, Test andUse Inputs
* Facilities Drawings, Specifications, Instructions,Acquisition, Test and Use Inputs
* Personnel and Training Concepts, Skills,Courses, Audio-Visual Equipment, Test,
Evaluation and Use Inputs
* Funding Requirements and Allocationsfor Technical D,,a Development
Program
* Management Data Anaiy isof Application and
Effectiveness ofInstruction Material
. 4.' -., ,',,,,- ,
44
8
Technical Data
8.1 Introduction
The purpose of the technical data program is to provide for the timely development anddistribution of technical data necessary to conduct operations, training maintenance, supply,modification, repair and overhaul of the systems and equipment. Technical data provides thelink between personnel and equipment. It includes drawings; operating, maintenance andmodification instructions; provisioning and facilities information; specifications; inspection,test and calibration procedures; instruction cards and equipment placards; special purposecomputer programs and other forrms of audio/visual presentation required to guide peopleperforming operations and support tasks.
Technical data planning must be based upon information from equipment operations andmaintenance planners (e.g., system/equipment use, design characteristics, operations andmaintenance methods and personnel tasks4, frequency and time to repair, supply provision-ing and inventory itemn3 and procedures, etc.). Technical data considerations are involved indesign and suppon t rade-offs, tests, demonstrations, production, operations and maintenance.The life cycle events of the technical data program and their relationship to system designand support managenent are shown on figure 11.
8.2 Detailed Event Description
TD-2 Prepare Technical Data Pottican of Logistics Supporo Capabilities Estimote
Based on projected support capability requirements (SM-1). analysis is conducted toevaluate the applicability of current technical di&ta methxs and programs. A preliminaryestimate of the technical data ('apabdiitv is nade for inclusion in SM-2. The estimate in-cludes such things as the requirement for new 'ata display techniques, data preparation
79
techniques currently in the inventory, availability for use of commercial data, new processesin development, which might reduce data costs, deficiencies of current data systems, and tech-nical data areas needing trade study analyses.
TD-3 Pe4onn Technical Data Tracle-ofs
Technical data considerations are identified for application to system feasibility studies(SD-3) and trade-off studies (MR-3). These studies, conducted in-house or by selectedcontractors, aie essential for selection of a technical data concept (TD-4). They are basedon operational readiness requirements and goals and must be in consonance with alternativecop cepts being examined for other support elements.
MD-4 Establish Technical Data Concept
A preliminary determination is made of the technical data concept which best satisfiesthe selected system and support program (SD4AB and SM-4B). This concept defines the
preliminary technical data p~lans, procedures and requirements. T t may include recommenida-tions for study of prep~aration and distribution methods needed to support the techpicaldata program, including the concelpt of deferred ordering of data. Information justifying Pewtechnical data requirements, including their relationship with other suipport requirements,is provided for management approval. To the maximum extent possible, existing technicaldata available in the form of current inicrocards, microfilm, and manuals should be, used.
TD-5 Provide Technical Data Plan Requirtments
A technical data requiiremnents package, defining the gross spciclficat ions for furtherdevelopment of the concept estalishied in TI)-4 is prep~ared for inclusion in the supjportp~lan requ~irements and the lH [P S-5 The p~ackage may Inc'lude preliminary technicalJata recluiremients by t.p ad location, swecicat ions for use (if existing datas. iiain
for development of new data, constraints rzjx~n data development and uise and prograimilestones.
TD-7 Ettoblis Technical Defta Ptraw Evguation Ctia
TIechnical data e'valuat ion criteria are furnished for inclusion with other sIkiplx)rt criteriain the logistics support mnanagemnent p~lan (SM-7k). T1he crite'ria shouild inlde~~I means to
evaluate cuntractor res4ponsiv-enessN to specification requirements, hi-' logic for usew (if exist infztechn ical dlata presewntation mnethoils1 verstis delo~&pmen't of new methods, the vailit v (if h1iAprogran, vosts, andu his projss4xi miet hixls for demonstrating the use of technical data tosiipM .t operations, t raining and niintenance.
so
WD-8 Evaluate Technical Daft Proposals
Technical data proposals are evaluated b)V specialists ini fields requiring use of thedata. The resultant technical data plan should reflect the "best inx'' solution front allsupport specialist evaluati~ons. Stif)Jx)rt managemient is respo)nsible for the development ofideas and proposal-, into a technical dlata program ineeting the needls of both thle operatingunits and system 'support commnands.
TD-9 Approve Technical Data Plan
The technical data p~lan is coordinated and reviewed for compatibility with opera-tional, training and maintenance planning (SI)-9A and NI) -9). It is approved as part ofthe logistics support development plan (S.N-9).
TD-10 Begin Preparation of Preliminary Technical Data
C'oncurrently with detailed equipment design (8D1lO) and maintenance engineeringanalysis (NIP-lt)), preliminary te-l-hnical data are prepared for use in early engineeringtest.- and demnonstrations. Bieginning with drawings and specificat ions, preliminary datamnay be p~repared lin such formis as draft manuals, commercial data, microfilm for storageand visuial retrieval or required comiputer ;'rctgram inp~uts This prelimiinary data couldcover orientation information, operations and maintenance, structural repair, illustratedparts breakdown and lists, inspection requiremients, test p)rocedures, engineered diagnosticprocedures for unschedu. _-d maintenance, transpo~rtation and handling, installation andcheckout, etc. D esign ind suppo:~rt c'hanges require technical data updxating onl a continuing
i.i.Prehlninary data should be prepared lin a formiat which ('all later be expanded andformtalized for use lin thle liodtict ion and operational lihases of the life cycle.
TD-14 Verily Svitaihity of Preliminary Technical Da
lechn11id dat. prepalred lin accord '% it h thie approvtAi plian cIm-()), art- provided fotrvalidat ita during subsystern and systenm dei,jist rat ioni kSD -13 and SID- 14'). Prelminary
enginver-ing valuiat ioll mu1st confirm t hat data tvj~', format and application mnat cl the cur-
rmnt desi configuration and satisfy suiipxirt req irnet dl~ goals esta] dished 1 bN previousanlalyseos. ( onlpatt ib ilit of technical dat3 with equip)ment configuration is prerequisite to
tle estai~ lishmem of tw pro l).*41~n jIrou('t I tiseline TI~ hese vono-irretit act ionis pre-
Cede award of thte prution1(1 C(Mftrt ~I1It
TD-16 Ptocvre Formal Technical Data
14ase"d onl the proixesd prothict h aseline and aplproval to award suipiort reources con-tracts SMN-li ). Jpr(cureni('nt or p~repa rat ion of formnal techiclal data is beglin. Thes-4' data
81
are made available for provisioning and procurement of initial support requirements and forevaluation with the initial equipment at first article inspection (SD-17B).
TD-1 8 Vedly Sukkoilhty of Technical Data
The formal technical data needed to support production and operations are updatedWc agree with final requirements specifications resulting from first article inspection evalua-tions (SM-17B3). D~emonstration during user service tests must verify that the technicaldata will satisfactorily provide personnel with the information necessary to conduct opera-
tions and maintenance in support of established performance goals. Verification actionsmust also test the technical data for handling durability, accuracy and completeness ofinformation, clarity appropriate for use at the intended skill levels, ease of access andupdating.
TD-19 DI"ribu Technical Data to Um
Technical data distribution schedules must be coordinated with test schedules, instal-lation time tables, and equipment activation data for operational units. On receipt, each unitparticipates in a preliminary informiation acceptance review of the technical data,
TD-21 VtfifylJpdt Technical Data Plan
Based upon changes resulting from user service tests (TDI)-S) and preliminary ac-ceptance reviews, t;,e technical data plAn is updated for foflow-on procurement. Supportnimnagement reviews all revisions to insuire their co~mpatibility with other support elementplans. The technical data plan is then included in the updated slippo,*t management plan
TD-23 I.*atify Technical Deft D.Acieeies
IDunng the oper-ational suitability demionst ra tion techniral data deficiencies are iden-tified and rep~orted in the overall support evaluation kI- 2 3 ). Evaluat ion criteria- gimilarto that (frscfllt~d in TI)-IM and NW-23 Is the basis for verifying technical dat in the oixera-ting unit environnment.
TL)-t4 Update T~ca~kl Data
Technical data miust he updtautd to refle ! hmigcs in eqtuient or suipport con-figuirat ion which res-ult fromn rw axlification decisis, )r deficiencies idlcntifiN1 during theoperational suitability demionst ration.
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Functional Baseline A~po'*
ri udsRla for
SYSTEM DESIGN s ~ SD- 2 SD- 3 SD-4A F1 5SD-6A M7MANAGEMENT Rsqee Awrove Conduct A~pove Appow I Appow Appint
- ZabltvSystem rgii ~ see Contract Source -1Cape~ty, Docummet Fesitiflity Chang Re~1 s Developuwt Definition Selectioni
Fve Cotieo Appove Provide
Packap Req evimts Requirits
SUPPORT Im M2S-3SI * M-MANAGEMENT Defin Es~t evlp-7AeDvW oef
Logistics of Lc. Aics Support L Lcalstics Suppot Plan bi Logistics 4ppot&Ou~pt Stod Ltvunt !uppvt P'rogram Requirewuts
Reufws1te li iwr Roeest B F
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Paci~geEvaluation
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ES10 T!v aTpbofs sWw @ C!141
LIFE CYCLEPHASES
oval *Allocation Baseline ApprovalIof Peotforaiwe Speciticatioins
and Funds Release for Developmrent
0D4A -SD- I St9 ~OA F -S SD- SD-12 SD-13 SDl-14 abtiAppoint Evaluate Approve Award Copee eru owCmltReiewCnut-& srbi 00051Source -W system System Sse ealdand Approve SubsysuN ytm -. Prpsd0 dSe~ecton Propwsl Development DvlpetDesig, Desilp De'sfisation Dwwustraiop Prcj)ac P""s selilAuthrt rotI M TaelnProvideBegin
Support Select DetailedRequirewets Contractor($) DesignI
eetfor I Itare
P r o p o s al0 C h n e
SM-IA S -~~2 M1i Develop Evaluioe Establish "Ongor and Appiove Ct rienionstiation update Aw po~orLogistics Support Logisti- -I Supwot lGjii Logistics (Continuous) Des.i rn and and Valifttion c' ;W-41c SUP. Ian
kaeet &Pt eeonntSupport Effort Support Support Requiferrw1 i PWa Resirr
Establish ~ilr~Spport Criteria DEi 'potSfo ProrprMl I T Cige tmact1
EvaluationI I
TD-7 TD- f -? ITD-10 TD- 14Establish Evaluate Approve I Begin Vei~y 10CTecnnical Data Technical Technical Preparation of Continuous StlltofF'vmProgram Evat- Data Data Plan P~thminary
DtPropoals Tchnicl DawTechnical Datalat
other "agsto
Inputs
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erily Equip First Mdftlawly -00 rmzaw -OP pRoational Identify -e. Propose Existint
jI (Test) -%lirabrility oeficiencies Modifications Epplomnt
to OPERATIONALCOMMAND FUNCTIONSMAnage Ogmnizatimts. liqulpmem.tFacilities &Wd Alocee Suporting
ChatirReisources to Moed the Allssion
S Y T M S U P P O R T
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171
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FACILITIES
Maintainability and Reliability Design Characteristics, Performance GoalsFacilities Evaluation Criteria,
, Maintenance Planning Concepts, Actions, Requirements dnd FacilitiesEvaluations.
* Support and Test Equipment Design Characteristics, Plans andUtidities Requirements.
* Supply Support Concepts, Plans and Warehouse Requirements.
, Transportation and Handling Equipment Requirements forReal Property.
* Technical Data Criteria, Procedures and FacilitiesDesign and Performance lformation.
* Personnel and Training Concepts, Plans ardHuman Interface Evaluation.
, Funding Requirements and Allocationsfor Facilities Program.
. Management Data for Evaluationof Facilities Performance and
Use.
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7ii! 9
Facilities
A, 9.1 IntroductionThe purpose of the facilities program is to assure that all required facilities are available
to the operating forces and supporting activities in a timely manner. The ability to perform
the mission could depend on th3 adequacy of facilities provided concurrently with the primesystem or equipment. Facilities planning is based on operations and maintenance analyses,equipment design drawings, specifications and other documentation necessary for definingtypes of facilities, locations, space needs, environment, duration and frequency of use,personnel interfaces, installation activities, training requirements, test functions and existingfacility applications. Development schedules must consider construction delay experienceon similar programs due to seasonal weather and other regional considerations such as labor,soil conditions, etc. Facilities planning requires support management attention through allphases of the life cycle to provide positive coordination with other program elements,particularly with regard to dates of need and construction program lead times. The facil-ities program events and their relationship to system design and support management are
shown on figure 12.
9.2 Detailed Event Description
FA-2 Evaluate Requirements and Deine Facilities Support Capability
Based on the required operational capability (SD-1) and the gross support requirement(SM-1), an analysis is made to determine what facility capabilities are needed. An integralpart of this analysis is an assessment of facilities used to maintain similar systems andequipment. This action is based on available operational readiness performance experiencedata (MD-2), gross system configuration and preliminary maintenance and maintainabilityassessments of support needs (MP-2 and MR-2). The resultant estimates should define
~85
I.-
both existing facilities that may be utilized and those requirements needing further ex-ploratory study. Study contract and in-house project task information is prepared for inclu-sion in SM-2. Criteria considered in these evaluations include:
o Initial facilities trade-offs needed to define basing, movement, deployment,durations and frequency, etc.,
" Ground rules for facility selection (e.g., considerations of required materialresources by type, quantity and location as well as construction force needs interms of skills, numbers and availability),
* Constraints to be considered (e.g., security, easements, ownership, etc.), and* Operations and support interfaces to be examined (tenancy concepts, deploy-
ment variations, combat contingencies, duration differences, and primary launch,
test or operating base complexes along with support shops, personnel, storage andadministrative requirements).
FA-3 Perform Facility Trade-offs
System feasibility studies and support element trade-offs are evaluated for their impacton current facilities. Facility trade-off studies are conducted in-house, or by contract, tosatisfy new requirements. The best approaches are selected for review and consideration :nthe maintainability and reliability trade-off studies (MR-3). For example, the trade-offstudies may include consideration of alternative basing modes (e.g., hardened vs. dispersed,mobile vs. fixed, land vs. water), existing vs. new facilities, different materials to be consideredand portable vs. fixed power sources.
The several support alternatives are evaluated and the most favorable facility conceptsselected for further study. Cost information, technical feasibility problems and high riskareas are identified. 4
FA-4 Establish Facilities Concept
A facilities concept is selected on the basis of maintainability and reliability trade-offs(MR--3) and system feasibility studies (SD-3). This concept is reviewed for compatibilitywith the maintenance concept (MP-4) and is included in the support concept formulationpackage (SM-4B) as guidance for the facility plan requirements to be identified in FA--5.
FA-5 Provide Facilities Plan Requirements
Facilities plan requirements are prepared for inclusion in the logistics support planrequirements and the RFP (SM-5). They include criteria for further development of:
• Real estate and construction specifications,
86
ki
. Primary facilities such as materials, power and communications, water, accessroads and critical real property,SSupport facilities for ships, personnel, training, storage, transportation, andadministrative use,
* Critical research and test needs,• Facility life cycle cost and budget estimates for the funding schedule (F-5), and* Host-tenant agreements for support requirements.
FA-7A Select Facility Architect-Engineer and Begin Design
lBecause of the lead time involved in the procurement and construction of prototypefacilities such as test stands, silos, checkout docks and shipboard facilities, project actionis taken to initiate development of peculiar design specifications. This design or architectengineering task may be accomplished by government or by contract in accordance withcurrent Service instructions and procedures.
FA-7B Establish Facility Plan Evaluation Criteria
Technical and management evaluation criteria and interface control methods mustbe developed for determining the contractors' responsiveness to ti. general facility planrequirements (FA-5) and engineering design specifications (FA-7A). As part of the overallsupport criteria (SM-7B), they include evaluation of:
* Functional performance characteristics of supporting facilities (e.g., installedequipments' reliability, maintainability, useful life, environmental design andtransportability),
• Both general and definitive design and construction specifications, standards,and constraints,
* Detailed facilities concepts for nontechnical support (e.g., functional require-ments, support policies, survival requirements and policies, etc.), siting andlayout (e.g., area plans and site plans such as access, paving and drainage, con-tours, quantity-distance criteria, etc.), and civil, architectural, structural,mechanical and electrical requirements, and
* Funding, schedule, technical and management control for those items requiring
prototype construction and testing (e.g., critical installed equipment and environ-mental control, electrical, power, missile launch suspension and other similarsystems).
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FA-8 Evaluate Proposals ior Facilities Prototype Construction
Contractor proposed facilities plans should be evaluated for:* Adequacy and responsiveness to defined requirements and criteria,. Identification of and justification for new facility specifications and requirements,
and* Cost to design, develop, and acquire proposed facilities.
The evaluation ratings, recommended changes to requirements and schedules, allowabledeviations and recommended contract revisions should be included in the logistics supportevaluation report. (SM-8).
FA-9A Approve Prototype Construction
Concurrent with system development approval, prototype construction is approved andfunds allocated. Prototype design is completed and construction bids are solicited for theplanned facilities.
FA-" Initiate Military Construction Programming Action
In accord with development plan requirements for construction or acquisition of opera-
tional and support facilities, programming action is initiated to request funds authorization.
Action must also be taken to initiate installation of facilities outside the scope of the military
construction program such as shipboard facilities, vans, etc.
FA-IO Begin Facility Construction (Prototype)
With the beginning of prototype facility construction, contnuous surveillance of the
development of all system and support requirements is performed to see that design andsupport changes are not made without consideration of their impact on facilities. Changes
require reevaluation of funds and schedules.
FA-12 V*rAFy Availability of Procotype Teds Facility
Prior to subsystem and system demonstration, the prototype test facility is evaluated
for compatibility with requirements. Progressive reviews of the installations' adaptability
to system and support requirements must he performed to verify facility acceptability,Change requirements identified during installation, checkout or test are evaluated and correc-
tive action initiated (SM-12B).
88"
- '- ?
FA-1 3 Obtain Approval for Military Constuction
Approval is received for the required military construction of operational support
facilities (FA-9B). System and support changes found during prototype evaluation are
incorporated into the facility drawings and other documentation.
FA-16 Complete Final Design and Award Facility Contruction Contracts
Concurrent with the initiation of equipment production, facility specifications and
contract documents are prepared and advertised for bid (see SD-16). Bid proposals and
construction schedule milestones must be consistent with the schedules of all other program
elements. The bid proposals are reviewed and construction contracts awarded. For otherthan military construction facilities, final design and installation is verified.
FA-1 7 Complete Facility Construction
Inspection and acceptance of the initial facility is progressively accomplisned through-
out facilities construction, system and equipment installation, checkout and service test.
FA-1 Activate Operational Support Facilities
Operational and support facilities are activated for service test. Facility design and
equipment interfaces are tested and verified during the equipment and support demonstra-tions. Deficiencies are documented and evaluations conducted. Changes are processed in
accord with applicable configuration management directives and instructions.
FA-21 Validate/Updaft Facilities Plan
Based on the changes identified during service test and initial operational installation.the facilities plan is updated to provide guidance for follow-on support activities, identi-
fication of critical problem areas, identification of special transportability and operabilitv
criteria, and awareness of special requirements for stirvivability, security, etc. Facilities
schedule and funding requirenients are reevaluated based on overall program changes and
constraints.
FA-23 Identify Facilities Dethiencies
During operational testing all facility deficiencies are identified. These deficiencies areevaluated along with all other logistics support deficienciet, (8M-23) to determine thepossible impact of required modifications (SM-24) prior to any decision to modify
(SI)-24B).
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FA-24 Initiate Action To Modify Facilitis
Action to modify facilities is initiated concurrently with the decision to modify inter-facing equipment (SD-24B). Plans are updated to agree with all changes. Specifications
for any changes must be in accord with configuration management directives and instructions.Whether modifications require a major facility improvement or only minor changes to the
operational facility, all documentation should reflect the changes. They should also be
recorded as experience data for future planning (MD-22B).
4
90
Ik
Functasl Saselim' Ap~~amt
SYSTEM DESIGN E2 SD-3 SD- 4A SO&5 SD-6 S4A
MANAGEMENET Papred A~v AKpprov c~oe AppoveApieAponOpe tiowul C**blty Syst" PToUW.r svsms Caituact SowceCapelfr Documt Femsbility Chaih, Rewe DMIWlotetI Deinition SelectigSbudes Pti Autori ty
o" CArtept Approve Prow*dFolationSot upr* Pkap Reireiiw s Requiremeftsfoi RFP
SUPPORT S*3 W4A *15 M-AMANAGEMENT Detrie E stat Develop Piew~t Drviiop Develop
Logistics of Logistcs Suppot Logistics Suppot Plan p. Logistics SupiportSuppoirt Suppo Alternatives Suppot Ptowa R#iJi~tst aum
Prepre EstaivisrSIVpp CSCKt I Suppot Cu11811
Foirnjl~at I tar Ptoposal
IAII It A !FAIF A'
I ow
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O'4 Alaxjp aaseline ApproajI'CO~ PW49JPCS SQS(IftlQA~S
I aW Fob Release Iti Oeviopirerit
SE, A SO-SIA I IGA S 1S-1 D 3S-4SAppoat fata A4piWoW I w C^mplte Review Cnl~t cdc salsSeonc ~ se iln DetailedW Apove Subsystm -0 ystem 41 P~fO osd InNIM#
Developmenta t Dsjude
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Rbo~iffents CafuxC!N(s) I sj12w RFP
Dee yW-E~hW wAppove "rrt Detioor n~I~ UpdJI AwadItc S" LgsisSuppoft rji )fi!IIK (c~inlim 5 Design &W and Vak;dation of
PRp Reswces
Eswaist vhtS.ort CtaqDsgSupr
A1 .'A [Aa !3-
Pr I
Y Prodjct Baseline Approval*of Coifrgatri and FundsRelease for Piodctiori Runs6aet First Ariscle Accivrice
50D15] Sc-1 S- 17A M~ 18 Sr 1 M23S-4
sed nt~~eDetaleLose[ Service Systerr. Avatrliry 44 Ornzetir, H l3tOO den! ty o0s ioduct Production roductior. Test or Operatiuol of Rewu~rces i T tlSi ily 4 'e isA ifc aneline t. ~ c f c ~ z J i :Testing Dem Lo sirn o8
" orpdcto
SMI S'i ~ A l SM-11 8Mj2 SkII23 S. 24ate Award Corroplete j j oinplate Oleorishiatio. Upat EI *jte E iatae-Suroort Suwxot a'rd E tlunfrim of 11"Jits SLI Woft Support IrooontinResources Specifical ons Supr Reiemrt suo zcapasires Ol PfclosedContracrlol I I I Modificatins
Prelgo' orSuppof
Evaluahoni
- , , rA-,18 -2IFA-23FA?Corplete CoMpletO AciaeVha Idenlif'r InitiateDesir & J1 m&Lii Ity Operationat ,.l.b Fxcilities Action toAwad Costruction I Support Facdgis Dpficienciv$ ModityconstrctionFacilities
OtherI SupportI EtemeitI Inputs
Figure
FUAMiE (FA)
S&20-22 SD-23 JSt-?AS-Vef Ity Fis Fidc xs''
*liab!t fiog zrt' 0 operational Idotify Pi'opose Eitn
o__ IectsTi u a r 'ei~n=Mdfct Eqimn
oecs~OPERATIONALto Modiy COMMAND FUNCTIONS
Orgaq~~.aniationls. EupoFaclitesani AJ~ tSupporting
I oangi:o Resoulrces to Yool the Missiont
I j ~To Z-16 j
S91--23 fM2 Epip Follow auowaft SMfluate Etua~e Evaluate
-- Logistics .- q.1 &poort SJaimpact *P MWintensirce in.SturtSiioicaabihies of Propose. Eupment ACCOMPLISHED
supply
SYSTEMS SUPPORTCOMMAND 'UNCTIONS
Techn"a Managemnt of Weapons andl
Ideoitv Initiate1111 ~ *Facilities o Action to
P;F ac ilities
DIAGRAM KEY
1Y~IGL PLNS MAJORLJLF PUROVALSRELEASE
*rffmBASasieRvesWl B oti dwt Participation.ey Logistics Staff UMinaos: athet ApPqooilat" S'vice oq D0DD.*ot $a Level to Assuwe A eacy of Plowing fo the Loistics
Figur. 12
PERSONNEL AND TRAINING--TI tsr/aca
* Maintainability amd Reliability Goals, Test and Human PerformanceDemonstration Criteria.
- Maintenance Planning Concepts, Policies, Tasks, Times andDemonstratio%
* Support and Test Equipment Drawings, Specifications and Plans.Training Equipment Design, Test and Use.
* Supply Support Concepts, Policies and Use Information for U'nitSupport Personnel.
, Transportation and Handling Concepts and Pocedures Applied 1to Personnel Skills and Disciplines.
Technical Data Display, Locations, Procedures and.
Human Response.
, Facilities Requirements for Special Operations,Training, Administration and Housing.
, Funding Requirements and Allocations forPersonnel and Training Programs.
* Management Data Analysis ofMaintenance Manhour Costs Per
Operating Hour or Cycle and byMaintenance Level.
MWAF7K~T
*AdT
330-307 0 - 6$ - 7
10Personnel and Training
0.1 Infrodu~~ on
The personnel and training program defines the requirements for trained operations
and maintenance personnel and training devices needed to support the program through
all life cycle phases. A realistic estimate of current manning capabilities, in terms of both
numbers and skills, must be made against the probable quantitative and qualitative manningdemands of the system or equipment concepts under study. As hardware concepts aredeveloped, design and support decisions must be ma&t wvith due consideration for theirimpact on manpower and training requirements. These requirements are translated into
specific manning plans in terras of numbers and military skill classifications. Projections of
training requirements must reflect attrition experience. Special requirements for trainers
and training aids must be developed along with training curriculr*. These requirements mustcomplement maintenance concepts and technical data methods.
Personnel and training planners must progressively identify manning requirements
for test and demonstration, operations and maintenance in the use environment. They must
consider task categories and resulting optimum skill mixes needed to achieve or exceedreadiness performance goals. Personnel requirements for operations and maintenance must
be balanced against manpower availability. All deficits must be covered by firm training
actions and timely manpower commitments. A block diagram of events that make up the
personnel and training program is shown on figure 13.
10.2 Detailed Event Description
PT-2 Prepare Personnel and Training Portion oF Logistics Support Capabilitles Estimate
('urrent and projected personnel capabilities of the operating forces must be evaluated
for their potential application against the personnel requirements described in SM-1. Knowl-
edge of projected personnel capabilities and restraints must be acquired for development93
of support alternatives (see MR-3 and SM-3). This information should be realisticallybased on past and current manpower availability at operating levels and applicable readinessperformance data.
PT-3 Make Preliminary Estimate oF SkIll Requiremients
Gross estimates of personnel requirements by skills and quantities are made to supportmaintainability and reliability trade-off studies (MR-3). Consideration must be given totasks to be performed, identification of required skills, mg.npow - availability (PT-2),special training needs, availability of training facilities and the impact of these estimates onthe requirements of each support element.
PT-4 Establish Personnel and Training Concept
Personnel and training concepts are established as a result of prior maintainability and
reliabilit," trade-offs (MR-3). These concepts must be in accord with plans for equipment
use, maintenance and support. They include tentative identification of quantative and
qualitative personnel requirements including any wixt currently in the skills inventory,assessing the impact of possible changes to existing personnel use patterns, and making
preliminary lists of training equipment and facility needs.These personnel and training concepts become an integral part of the logistics support
concept package (SM-4B), which becomes part of the concept formulation package.
PT-5 Develop Personnel and Training Plan Reqirenrens
Personnel and training pln requirements must be developed for input into the support
plan and the RFP (SM-5). These requirements include criteria for contractor development
of proposed personnel and training programs during contract definition. In support of pre-viously established personnel and training concepts (PT-4), these requirements may include,
but are not restricted to criteria necessary for:
* Clarification of project maning policies and priorities,
• Determination of and justification for personnel needed (including instructors),
. Means to utilize existing personnel and training resources,
. New training courses required by type, location and time,
. Training material preparation, and
Training equipment design, procurement, fabrication, use and support.
94
PT-7 Establish Personnel and Training Program Evaluation Criteria
Criteria must be established to evaluate the responsiveness of contractor personneland training program proposals. As part of the Logistics Support Management Plan (SM-7A), these criteria provide a means for assessing how well a proposal meets the requirementsof PT-5. For example, is it compatible with operational, reliability and maintainabilitygoals? Does it consider use of available skills before adding new requirements? What arethe management methods and relative costs proposed for implementing the personnel andtraining program (e.g., use of service technical schools, factory training, civilian institutions,
special field courses, on-the-job training, etc.)?
PT-8 Evaluate Proposed Personnel and Training Requirements
Personnel and training plans evaluated as part of the overall logistics support proposal
evaluation must include comparison and scoring of the various proposals to the require-ments and evaluation criteria described in PT-5 and PT-7.
PT-9 Approve Personnel and Training Plans
Personnel and training plans are approved for use and further definition of requirementsduring t ecvelopment phiise of the life cycle. As part of the logistics support plan (SM-9),they include selected contractor proposals for personnel training and equipment programsalong with development and user agency plars for scheduling, funding and controlling devel-opment of training requirements.
PT-11 A Determine Personnel Availability (Continuous)
During system analyses and design (SI)--lOB) and maintenance engineering analysis(MP-10), identified personnel requirements are continuously reviewed and compared toavailable personnd' skills and quantities. New personnel skill requirements resulting fromthese reviews are analyzed for possible training needs. Manpower acquisition plans andcontrols are continuously updat:d to reflect new requirements.
PT-18 Prepare Training Package
Based on new personnel requirements (PT-1IA), a training package is prepared torecord operations and nmaintenance l)(.sonnel tasks, correlate those tasks to manpower
specialty classifications, establish personnel learning levels and performance standards,define cross-training requirements a:nd identify the training courses, aids and equipment
n(ted. Included in the training packagc are the methods for denionstrating training effec-
95
Iilowl
tiveness, package updating during follow-on test and operations, and plans for the pro-gressive transition of training responsibilities to the using command.
PT-12 Begin Instructor Training
Training is initiated to satisfy needs of the scheduled test and demonstration programsand familiarize advanced cadre personnel with the hardware in preparation for later tests,operations and maintenance. Selection of instructors and preparation of their training cur-
ricula is accomplished in accord with the requirements of the training package (PT-1 IB).
PT-1 3 Begin Operations and Maintenance Personnel Training (Coninuous)
This training is initiated to satisfy scheduled needs of contractors, operating units and
logistics support activities in performing equipment demonstrations (SD-- 13 and 14), service
tests (SD-18), operational suitability demonstrations (SD-22) arid actual operations/support
(SM-26). Training lead times must be sufficient to assure that personnel can be trained toperform assigned tasks in support of specified readiness goals.
PT-i 7 Update Personnel and Training Requirements
Changes to personnel and training requirements are generated by deficiencies found
during training demonstration and personnel performance evaluation. Corrective action isinitiated in accord with other design/support ch knges and documented by revision of thepersonnel lists and training packages.
PT-is Verily Required Skill Levels
Preliminary verification of personnel skill levels and adequacy of the classroom training
is determined during the logistics support demonstration (SM-i8). Task performancestandard6 are evaluated and revised based on the appropriateness of skill level to task
assignments, time needed to perform the task, and the adequacy of the equipment and
support design in meeting spc'ifications. Where appropriate, corrective actions resultingfrom the evaluations are documented in the training pa.kge (PT- 11B) and service command
manpower listings.
PT-19 Verily Availability of Trained Personnel For Operations and Maintunance
Current and projected assets of trained operational and support personnel are evaluated.Availability of these personnel for the planned operating units is verified.
96
J
PT-21 Update Personnel and Training Plan
Personnel and training plans, procedures, schedules, quotas and other requirements are
updated as a result of the service tests and evaluations. These updated plans are furnished
to the first operating units and their commands as part of the logistics support plan (SD-21).
PT-23 ldertily personnel and Training Defciencies
Deficiencies resulting from operational suitability demonstrations are identified for
inclusion in the overall support evaluations (SM-23). Evaluations similar to that of MP-18
and PT-18 are used for determination of the deficiencies.
PT-24 Update T :iring Package
The training package is updated to include new requirements resulting from the equip-ment and support rr -,difications (SD-24 and SM-24). Consideration must be given to all
other suppor' element modifications during this action. Changes are incorporated under
applicable configaration m.nagement directives and instructions.
PT-25 Conduct Additional Operations and Maintenance Training
Based on the revised training package (PT-24), follow-on training for operating and
support unit personnel ,s accomplished. Gross changes to key equipment design and support
characteristics could require a new training development cycle (PT-12 and on). Minor
changes are handled through training adjustments by operating unit personnel. All changes
should be documented and made available to future planning (MD-22B).
97
Fuc -IWel . ppva
SYSTEM DESIGN SD-I SD- 2 SD-3 SD-4A FD4 [iiTA] iSDlA
MANAGEMENT Rewijred Apowe Conduct Approve Apoe I Approve 30int ce
Feasibilityl Chang Reqs Dveopen Dert Slia tit
ingreprogr~re SysetIeaiit WWI~F t esblt h eil y
StdesI twie~u
I RerestfRequeps'
I I P 3isaI
MAAEFTDefine Estimate Develop Prepare Devcip Develo SuM-lLogistics of Logistics Support L aLgistics Support Pian I1L upotmnMAogIEtiNT M-1or "e"A
Support Support Alternatives Support Program Requirementls IMarlg _rntRequremets C lliies hang ReqestPlan
EPtepise t C; tellSupr Concteripta op~
FoEraluation
MR 3 MP 4I
PERSONNEL PT2 PT-3 PT 4 PT 5 PTteimry E ltWishr D lop[Peirsonnl Estimate of Peisonir Pe son I~rnr&Trainng Skill 3nd Tfaw. and Tra fling aoTanm
Estimate Rqemns Concept Plat Rteire-it vlm~ ue
LIFE CYCLEPHASES IF f D7roA
! Allocation Baseline Appoval*I of Performunce Specifications
anmd Funds Release for Develcp-nt
SD-A 9CSS-A I &O-OA SD-11 SD-12 SD- 13 SD- 14 SC 15 SD-16int Evaluate ApOe I Award Complete Reline" CORIc Covkact Establishce Systmu Sysew Systee Detailed and Apiprove Subsystem -w System Proposel Initidation Proposal Development Developmernt Design Design Demnstration Demonstration Product rwi
BContract Basline
rvideBegin"tSelect Detailed
re -ats Contractol(s) D esignRFP T
Reqluest fo -JCane
CsSuprtGide Logistics 0(Continuous) Design arc andl Validation or SOWp~ Suprtmnert Suii Development Supr,-it Effort Support Support Requirements Pa eore
t f torlaDsg upr
I PT 9& 118
P T-8 PT 9 PI1AT13CarinusEyjllua'C plw-d *W'eOliim osw elf pfao Timn1 lot
* .j vrml .""sTsg
'r ~ c'r~plans PT 18 PT 1,1 Tialing
I "Ilo
Trinn
PERONNE AN
! Product Baseline Aprovalof Configiatigi and FilsRelease tot Produaction RunsBasedt an First Ailicle Acceptance
SO-16 SD-17 SD1 D590O 0S-23 SD-24AInta#DtildUsti Service Systtie Availability -jw Ottirizat~on ow Operational q. Identify .1 Propose EiPoutoPrdcinTest tor Operational of Resources (Test) Suitability Deficierices Modifications EU
TestingDemonistration
1,~D siotiio
Change
SM- 16 I-1 M1Award p 't, I Compilete Dermnstrtiov t Evj1~.ale E SM-24Supoft Sp~xit Ian Evaluatio ot
Su0ot I uirtmResources Spc Iicabtis Sar eumet
Poul ar1 Mod itcstions
PTT ~ 18 PT! TNP 3P 1
upe-Aiiupdzii gnidix A
PERSONNEL AN TRANM (T
SO-20 SD-21 SD225-23 SD-24A SD- 25Veri ly Ecpip Fast CWAXuI modify
Availablity -4 0 gaiItim -- OPerfati~ra) 4W sntify -4. PTopWs Existingof Resoixtes 'Test) Sujitability Deficierries Uoitfcations qiw
Oeffirstiation
Decsi~,OPERATIONALto~tyCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
Mh ruq 9latiOns5 Equipment.Facilities anid Allocae SupW , nq
ct'an Rt5uuces to MW Ing mission,
T, SO I&
SM2I SM-23
iJove ~e Evaiuate EpF~wOs~ otLcistr [Ir u~t~3Mrne~c MISSION
CLVW! 'S ofOS PlpA £voin ACCOMPLISHED
SYSTEMS SUPPORT
COMMAND FUNCTIONS
(O'OtN Acquwt0, arIWctrIP41ii' Prrcuremybri aIN Prooswoq
of SupWar q InvqitdJ*1
PTaP
u LIGAKYpdr iKiiV ~ j4 -.4 -wrc*'4
Figure 13
t UNDING T .1
Allocations and Expenditures by Life Cycle Phase for.
, Maintainabiity and Reiability.
Maintenance Planning
, Support and Test Equipment.
v Supply Support.
1 Transportation and Handling.
.9 Technical Data.
"Facihties.
i Personnel ana Training.
Management Data. A
O.50I 0 *GpA 8 *O v I SL
I A
"O#".- "'It
Funding(BUDGETING AND FINANCING)
11.1 Introductior
Successful 'I,,, planning during all )hases of the equipment life cycle requires, manage-
mnent attention to the interfa.ce b et ween the sup port element ne'eds an~d defense I udget ing
and firlancing procedures. Because of their importance to implementing, logistics support.
lIudgeting awl. firiancing activ-ities are included as a prime element of support Iuanagemnrt.
Budgeting and financing activities should ii. lude the:
"Early determination of logistics support funding requirements, which, together
with experience fact ors from simillar equipment programs, allow accurate fore-
casting of life cycle costs-,
"Accurattc updiating of fe recast s for tieyfscal pl)anning and apportionment ~requilr(d research and de velopincion IinvestmIent andl operating Funds,
" Allocation of availhl e progianx funds to vt ch logistics sup~port element based
u1ponl its ji'tied neved, Nit"" elplasis given to p~rograml schedule and task priol-
ties, andl
" Ac,,urate accounting of funid., cxpenidit ures using work breakdown strucure and
lYPical1 budgeting andl financing events I'm the funding element are shown in figure 14.
11 .2 Detailed Event Description
F-2 Prepare Funding Portion of Logistics Support Estimate
Preliminary funding est imat es for thle concept forrivulat ion effort are made. Thiey are
b asedl onl the effort nieded to (estab!lishI 1()f-ep t s and requiremien ts for logistics supp ort
cap~abilities niot currently LINflilab 'e to the programi (5\ 1- 1 and 2) The preliminary '5t iniates
inIclude funding for ll support st udies, exploratory development of support item s rcquiring
101
tajte-1f)ln-:1rt 'iXa c( i I tt pi eparat loll f !ogi-4 ics su pp )rt lI aii ro ii lrcnien i s, vetc.
Kledill (epr!(il(f datn. prelimlinary life ivcle cost c f'tirnatt's are iitade anod prograin fiwdilngcriteria est aI ldisicd . Vocat ion of cotcp formutlation fund requireiiv'-i ts slioulld k a iadewithout deiaN I
F-4 Provide Financial Estimates
The financial input for the logistics suppo, kiProgram ('minrge Request ( SM-4A) is pv-paredi, which togotlier withi ian)owei' f'qtireflilits ( PT-) priovid, .- an (5t inlite of 0 the
support resources required for the logistics support for thie curren fiscal year, the base fiscal
year plus four succceeding fiscal years.
F-5 Develop Fvnding Schedule Requirements
Funizding- st _iedule requiiremeints are developed for inclusion with logistics support plan
requirements ("SM--5). These requirements, are based1 u:)on the selected concept (SM-4) and
an. estimate of each s.upport elemient's budgeting and finiancing requirements for definiltio 1
dlevelopment. 1)(luctcon and opcrationn' phases. f~init ive e.;tiates of the funlding re-
qIiliremlents- for definition pliase miiJport activit ies are miade. W~ork 1Irceakdown st ructuireswith line itemi cost estimiates for each elemient are requir-ed. I ),l consjilerat ion is givenl to
ap~proiate fiscwal budget cycles and schiedules. These requirenients, as p)art of' S.1 1-5, are
essenltial to "Ke IAproval Action" (S])-5).
F-6 Allocate Funds l'r Definition Phase
1 up)1ort elemen t find,,s fo r the defin it ion phase effort ire allocatedi in accornd wit !i t li
app)ro- e( developmenit pilan and supp~lort requirements (,'.I)-0 A and B) anid the funlding,
sclicdule requirein ents F-)
F -7 Prepare Financial Plan for Support
Based u1ponl allocat ed funds (VF-6), suppmort Acient fun( ieg lplans 111115! be prepa redlat
all levels )f it I'lnagelI nenl" These plans (telilmeat ( t he d is t ril 'ut i of ftunds for ail task effo)rt,;.
olisidel'at io mis givenl to I odlh I ))( in-h1ouse'' an 1! contract costs, withI separate categ( nies,
io cacti a.s required. Slippo( rt ii iaiiagelii reviews and app roves thIiis plan foi rincor! ii rat i i
into thle eqipm)nent prograin financial plan.
F-BA Update Financial Plan for Support
New simport req uiremien ts resulting fr.' n evaluiat ion of thle propo,;als (S \ -S ) are t he
b asis for uip datinug t hi' tiiiancial plan. I,:st iiiiat ed hlind ling nieeds are evaluatecIi and prey ii J s,
102
jrius eviw nIMia1p14owi'l andl finall, 'd requ li~ents
fnd fr the ( r( )t I m ii s tIon'fg (of t hie 4upport portio of t he Vive Year I )eE (, Mlan ( [-4)
InI accordance with curirent Inst:* riet iolls.
F-8B Conrm Availability of Futids
Th'le financia! vian for support ( F-SA) is compared to actuial fund aut boruzat ions, 1or
their adequacy to to support the program. l"unding defiviencies, must b e identified. 1'xp ct 2'dprogramn rIsKs due to insufficient funding are documewntedl. Tbe deficjencies , their caus e and
resni ~ing risk areas are coordinated f or project ninageient review prcito sub mitting Ow
support dic-elolinent plan (SM-9) for "Key Appr).oval Action''l)-9)
F-9 Allocate Funds for Development Phase
S Ssteni development ap~proval and contractor selection (S)9A and W) require alloca-
tionl of 1ogisties support funding for the( devlJopment phase. fI s allocation shiould be i
accord with fuinding decisions resolving 1)reviouwly identified prob~lemls (l,'-813).
F-10 Revise Plan Based on Development Contract
1'tndling v0,onges resulting froni (ie\ lopinent contract awvar(Is must be reflected in, thefinancial p~lani. The revisedl plan is then a baseline for future budIgeting and financing activity.
F-i12A Update~Plan Based on Design Reviews
The financial. plan for sujwport is, updatedl to refl(ect anY new reqirenienr s stemmligfronm design a nd support ('lianiges result itig fromn reviews., S -1 P'- s't io n deponds
"e, ~,-if funding hi ru1ts, and the type of ehanige (e.g., contractor or- govern-
tment initiated,.
F-i 2B Confirm Availability ef Funds For Production
The uipda tedl phin (1-1 2A ) miust be reviewed to &letermnine thle adequacy of funds
a uthorized foor progra in supp ~ort . E~xpoced i programo risks du oe tio insuifficient funding are
docueinted. I )efi(ciencies and risk areas are coo rd mat ed for review aindl resolu tio m rior too
allocation of piroduction funds ['--14).
103
F-14 Allocate Funds for Initial Productlon
Suct'essfili test and demnonstra tion of system .;, ed qipmitent prototyr es 041I) - 13 mnd 1 11
andl~ verification that all stipIlwrt reqiremlents have h eei dent ifiedi (S\ -1.3) nrmrally 'rv 11st
b e ac(omp~llished prior to aut horizat ion of ft inds f tr initial produc(t ion of supp)lort rs ;tes
F-1 7 Allocate Funds For F,,!!cw-on Production
(Compatibility of specifications, for Al equipment andl siipp)orting resou rces wit", the first
produ('t on artic mu st b)e ,.-sired prior to allocntion of fu nds for fp~1 )\(i r( tlti.
This w-tion is p''rt of the sup~port evaitat iin (SM\-1 7B am! tossent jul to ''Key Xpprov:1l
Action" (SD-17B).
F-1 8 Con-tinue Fiscal Funding Cycle
Support man11agemient monitors fund requirements. and allocations to) see tliat ( elt
support element receives andl a counts for it.,- share of the funds. Sliortages or overages ;1rrecorded aln(1 adjustments made to the fiscal funding requests or to the program requiring
those funds.
F-21 Revise Plan Based on Service Test
Base1 uipon suplport changes resulting from service testing and feed-hack from the fir-sto)penrtng unit, the firiancial plan for support is upld'ted to denote any new tor chullged re-
qiirements. Adjulst ment s in fiscal fit nd ing alIloca t ions' itre ma1,de 1basedl tin t he;e ap rovnedchanges.
F-24A Update Plan for Modifications
M odificationi e.Nve 1,1Na restil t fromt (eficiencies found during sui talulit v testing mi'SUI5(jd(ilotpet'i ons (SID 22 to SNKI 26). I)Deiilliv (m the 110 1,iel- , 0eW (design or
redesigt tif the eqIiipntent 11a11' require 11ew protiutctioll ctnt ". PreltliliiiurY fituidirigr
o'stiii"it&s for pi'ojoccttld e'(uiipillitt :11td support Illid':t'atitos Shioultd have hecil pairt of thle
earl ,N develtpmeWn Phase for'tt':sts,. hhtto's ('stillitte.s, huseil onl expel'it'nt'I with ,i siii ' Nys-
tolts, shtould reflet past funlding e'xpentditure 1 )uttem'ls irielutlutg t imes of nteed duiring the
life e 'velo. IThe plait Is upd~ated( to tmn i ortel acctura-te v'still iates of the fut.lit llw u'oqu ircd
for supp~ort modificationls.
1 04
F-24B Verify Availability of Fvij
I I a!f!t i~n Ii f i iIj p;rt tXi~ nq- ri, L Ie a, i orecastod funds b-~ weighied a gaI IIs t
the revv e ! plan i eqilivier nts (Y 24A). As iii F 1213, the ident ified deficiezncieis,j tPiato,:i n( risk areas arc O cordlin 8ted anid reviewed withI appn pri8 te cormmanrd suppo rt nmnage-
men 1. fliese reiws clude t r. ie-offs bet ween all budgeted progcain element s for resolut jOn
of these (ieficiewiees wit hin avaihable funding iomits. Funding 1'xPerienee is furnished to thle
advanced p~laning areas for incorporat ion into future support nrotifieat io n est iriatc
criterla (F 2).
105
Fur tonal baseline Approvaland Funds Rplese for
SYSTEM DESIGN SD I D~ D DASWMA AGMETRequired Approvue - S 7odc c'u ppoe I ApoeApit
Opef~tonal C,1aorl:.t Sy ste m Appo~ y asCnroce ApoinetCapabi Irtv Document Feavibiity Change Rpques Development DeirtoSectn
AuPot ogi onlAArv 'vie
po v 6rvd A
]Q ic RF -RqAsth orit B
Lo otcsor I .ocsSApOLprote o Svo or Ile
S u p or Sorn o rt D u p or tRequirementsment CeoupaS, itsPg eus a
MANA EMEN Defne'Mi' Sr /A V rAti , t Develop oe i Deeo SF pr Cre
rurm nsIfte S IPrn p uprt Scga, R qiremtsi Management
ReF Cop CLEs hineReuPHASESan
4.pres
'c i'e'c ti
I l,; Fund qe' eise fm [p
j' e A ,,w Ij T ~, s r-, Seec. d Sv<,7 SW
[P StmApoeI ~s l ytr ~l~
Des _ _ _ _ ' )O
tooU
V A S S ~'A .4iSA 5S'4.1 l! Lc A., S11 moino A;' A;joeC-dcID ratf, in.
2 I -s aIS , -Ctsr ' V
54' n I1, len, '
I - - p'P
FUBLJOGErING
H ~ . 0. . -S
To -
I''" r t A, p oiV
I~~l, y~ '~L9
/ ~ To
q9 o f?1 j ,( S fy
ii / I<-I Ie
L"Tlje-
FUNDING (F)BUDGETING AND FIN~ANCING
OPERATIONAL1~ COMMAND FUNCTIONS
Al j :1Epip Follow o Ogeratsg units
~ _ _ V MISSION
A CCOM PLISHED0
SYSTEMS SU PPORTCOMMAND FUNCTIONS
DIAGRAM KEY
Figure 1A
IYMANAGEMENT DATA
SMaintainabilily and Reliability Test Data.
SMaintenance Planning Analysis. T est and Demonstration Data andReadiness Performance Experience..
SSupport ard Trest Equipment Use and Failure Data.
SSuoply Suppcrt Effectiveness Data.
STransportation and Handling Use and Failure Data.
I ecbnical Data Use annf Historical (rnformatian.
SFaci~ities U~se and Historical Data
*Personnel anid Tiaining Skills Analyses,Manning Demonstrations and Historical Data.
*Fund Requirements, Allocations,Expenditures and HistoricalCost Data.
77x,
44,
f (I.
~mJP~(~ 0644 P10.1b
Wi' N0"'
12Management Data (MD)
12.1 introduction
D~efense activities use and( support miany informiation systems to mneet secparate technical
inan.1genient needs of organization.s with di.Tering deveh( -tent, suipport and operationalisions. These dzzta sysztems are defined in equally diverse directives, ,t various echelons
within DoD and the separate s- ervices.Information and control systenrs interfacing with support managemnen t incelude:
maifntenan1Tce engineering and analysis control documnentation: engineering test and deni-onistrathifl re(ords:, program scheduile and cost controls, suich as pert or critical path, mali-tenanm' -ianient and failure data; miscellaneous requirements forecasts, e.g., personnel,
equipment. supolics, andl facilities: configuration management: op)erational readines-; supportstatusi:, and siipvmanagemient effectiveness rep~ort ing systems. Th'lis chapter addresses
these siipport managemient data requiirements,.Early in the development p~hase of the acquiisition life cycle, -4ipport Managemlent
selectively identifies the extent to which the above information systems will be required
(during the itemas life cycle, when they will be required and how and by whomn the require-mnents will be mnet. These requirements are compatible wvith currenrt Girectives froin the
apl)ic~able Service. They are tailoredl to the level of detail applrop~riate to the typo. comiplexity.,or cost of the itemi being developed. Simple off-the-shelf lprocuilenents inight only requireaireadlv dIigested and analyzed information. In that case the appropriate "'data systeniis a1 simpille infornmatin gathering and editing tii.
D ata become useful infornmation only when they are asseinleCl manageable aggre-
gates for purposeful evaluation. WXhen this canl be easily done inanuially, time and costs callbe reduced. When sampling or summliary techniques can provide needed informnation on aone-t imie or pe(riod ic b~asis, reduniidan t report proce, sizg is (din I mated.
At thle other ext reme, thle acquiim ion andl operat ion of new and comph 'x equipment
ma.,y justify electronic (data processing support. Ilerc, standardizat ion of (lata codes, use of
109
available softwar,, and new generation computer capabilities combine to make data-bank
.oncepts attractive. This approach satisfies all the information requirements of the formal
systems and also permits selective reporting of current data to functiona! sup)port managers
n an as-required basis.Information search, acquisition, collation for library storage, selective retrieval, report-
ing and dissemination (to user-defined specifi'ations) are all technical administrative datasupport functions that may sometimes be more economically performed under centralized
control.While inclusion of the data everts ,howil on Figure 15 as a management element,
recognizes these economies, a word of .aution is in order. These data systems are orientod
to the use of data to "manage." rather than to the "management of data." It is necessary
that the functional support managers recognize both the limitations and capabilities of in-
formation collection and data processing. At best. only part of the managers total informa-tion requirements can be coded for electronic processing. Managers initiate data informationrequirements by close 1iiison with system analysts and programmers. They must perform
continui-g validation and analysis of data products. These responsibilities should not beusurped by or defaulted to data services organizations which are primarily a management
support function.
12.2 Detailed Event Description
MD-2 Input Readiness Performance Experience
Readiness performance data attained on similar inservice equipment must be quantifiedin terms such as:
U Useful availability --minimum operating hours, sortie rates or operational .on-station time per month, or ',clic use rates such as equipment "alerts" and firingfrequencies,
• Maintainability/reliability ---in terms of turn around time, incidence of un-
scheduled maintenance, ekpsed time to replace major components, etc.,H Man-hours expended per oprating hour- to service and maintain equipment at
defined use-levels during organizational and intermediate maintenan(e.
These measurements of present or past support capability l)rovide a firm point of
departure on. which to forecast capabilities in support of newly defined operational require-merits. Maintenance man-hour expenditures have a proportionate relation to the consumption
of replacement spares, parts, and consumables. As such they may provide a useful index of
relative supply support costs. This readinoes, performance data provides inpus to SI-2and SM-3 as the first step in a series of data requirements which become more detailed a!.
110
system 'support development progresses. Simulation techniques can provide a basis for
optimizing operational and sLpport effectiveness.
MD-3 Input Usage Expedeince Into Supply ModelSimulation techniques provide a basis for gross cost estimates for provisioning, follow-
on spares replenishment and supply support under variou,; replacemnei t or maintenance-
level repair alternatives. The appropriate Service's SysnemsSupport (,m,nand should beable to provide model inputs of historical usage data on comparable systems of an earlier
generation. These inputs require careful evaluation of differences in doctrine, tactics, en-vironment or mainter.nce concepts which may influence support of the proposed develop-ment item. The management use of electronic data processing techniques reqcires the
application of judgment based on collateral knowledge from the Services or industry (SS-3).
MD-4 Establish Support Data Requirements
The support manager identifies management data requirenents for:(!) Maintenance engineering analysis control documentation and support engineering
test and demonstration reports,(2) Tracking support program schedules and cost controls,
(3) Developing standard system/equipment support codes and item identification pro-cedures in sapp)rt of maintenance management and failure data systems and
maintenance e-gineering analysis control documentation,(4) Identification of each functional support, element's specific data needs and prepara-
tion of necessary supporting data outputs,(5) Directed configuration management accounting and control procedures to support
engineering design, maintenance, and supply actions,(6) Acquiring and evaluating suppert status reports listing Operational Readiness
(OR) rates, Not Oi)erationally Ready Maintenance (NORM) rates, Not Opera-tionally Ready Supply (NORS) rates, Cannibalization rates, and
(7) Supply management effectiveness reporting systems which reflect current operating
level demand and ,isage data: e.g., fill rates, fill times, and the per cent on-hand
of currently critical quantifiod line items. The on-hand percentage report, of critical
line items iepends u)on coordinated inventory status inputs from supply and
maintenance. A "currently critical line item" requiring this supl)ort managementattention is one which has either been cannibalized or gone NORS within the
last normal replenishment cycle, and which is still below4 established stockageminimuins.
111
MD-5 Przpare Data Collection, Analysis and Control Requirements
Based on specific data requirements in the support concept formulation package (SM--4B), prepare requirements identifying specific responsibilities of Service and contractorprogram management to:
* Collect and report raw data,* Collate data for analysis,* Research relevant collateral information,* Dissemiqte data and reports,* Evaluate and analyze reported data in light of collateral knkwledge,* Selectively report hardwarP performance and d-ci-ion back-up data for necessary
feedback and historical use.The purpo e is not to generate a demand for additional requirements, but to selectively
identify -tta needs by time, place, and support specialist responsibility for inclusion in thesupport plan and the RFP.
MD-7 Specify Data Requirements For the Bid Package
Break-out and define specific contractor responsibilities for the collection, dissemination,
evaluation, and use of required maintenance and support management data/information.Define Service furnished data to be made available to the support contractor and alplicab!c
communications, proprietary and security considerations. Define other special data sourcesand considerations as applicable.
MD-8 Evaluate Data Collection and Analy-s Proposals
Rate contractor proposals in response to the data portion of the bid package for
adequacy, currency, simplicity, and validity.
MD-9 Update Data Specifications
A\ joint contractor/)roject management rc*; ieC' and sigii-off of individual and interfacirg
(lata responsibilities is required. This insures a clear understanding of terms, conditions, anddefinitions. It is a part of negotiations preliminary to award of the development contract.
A miethod for future retrieval and feedl)ack of data information into lock MI )-4 of fol',ow-on
systems should )e considered.
MD-10 Update Data Collection, Analysis and Control Plan
Bloth Service and contract sup)ort managers now update their respective data olhns
in the form of control directives to l)ro\ide required information and data services to project
1 i 2
developnient actiNvities. These directives identify who is responsible for collection, reportcollation, disseminlation, storagi!. ret:heval and analysis activities for each information/datasystein. They clarify the manag,-er8 ~a nuing responsibility to validate data system logic.his interfaceT With suppo,-rtinig data proressing services, run priorities, security needs! reportingschedules, and any special data preservation, retention, and replacemen requirement.
MD-lIIA Develop Standard Sj temIEquipmenp Support Codes
As soon as designs are sufficiently definitized, a set of common codes describing hard-ware subsystemns and components in terms of work unit elements are assi,_ d to support:
*Itsand denionstratiorfs,* %"qintenance management and failure data systems, anda Maintenance eiigineeriiig analysis control systems.
Codes are developed in accordance with DoD methods and standards to assure ap-propriate commonality in terms of hardware reference.
MD-1 I B throtgh 19 Perhorm Collection and Analysis of Test Feedb~ackc Data
System and subsystem test and demonstration measurements and performance resultsare fed back to the separate functional support elements for evaluation of attainment ofassigned design objectiv es. Each change triggers a new evaluation cycle to define impactsand trade-off choices between design and support (SMI-12B).
In complex development projects. data services supp~ort for maintenance engineeringaniaiysis documentation can provide the support manager with it mechanized system tocontrol and recovd thes e iterations. In simpler procuiremnen ts, this dJOV1umnenitatimI" comntrolcan be done mianually.
MD-21 Update Daow Collection and Analysis Plan
Review test objective revisions, for their effect on elements of required laft sy~ters(eg., data collection, processing, evaluation, and analysis p~rocedures). Performance re-
poliihg iiict'adoi uogy ior dtenionst rating at tainmenit of contract specitic t ions must be) clearlysl~led out p~rior to the start of opcerational t sting
MD-22A (liet anid Disseminate Dermonstration lost Data
TJest results are compilaredl wit h dpoir -"rfornince, obj i ct jves. System readiness per-forninance bvdo% - or si'.nilfi(cmnt ly :iho ve desigi o~bjecVtives. as well as support changes, arereported to supp ort t muamagenmemt thlr( ug), *I System of cont ron docunientati -i [his docii-iiiintat ion rvtcords hardwaire anid supplort defieIViicasI is well as t radeoff alternatives whichb~ack up cihange p~roposals.
113
MD-22B Transition to Maintenance Management, Failure Data and Supply Management Efectieness Systems
After turnover of equipment to operational units, continuous evaluation of its per-formance in the use environment may l)e desirible. While test data (MD-22A) can providecontrolled hardware performance informiation d iring development, complete evaluation of
system performance requires consideration of the effectiveness of all supporting elements,including command/support management. Collection of test data is phased out as compliancewith the appropriate Service's maintenance management and failure data system starts.
Concurrently, the senior materiel officer should provide his operational organization com-mander with current operational readiness/support status and accompanying cumulative
supply management effectiveness reports (subpar. 6 and 7 of N\ID-4). These and othersopporting logistic reports, summarized as appropriate for the command or support echelons
involved, continue for the balance of the equipment's life cycle.
114
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