1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth

Big Geography—global nature of WORLD History

Out of Africa to Eurasia, Australia, Americashttp://www.dnalc.org/view/15892-Human-mig

rations-map-interactive-2D-animation.htmlWhen?http://www.bradshawfoundation. http://stryde

r.com/staid/migration_of_anatomically_modern_humans_bldg_blog_2008.jpgcom/journey/

1.1 Big Geography

A. Use of fire (first used 750,000 years ago) in new ways

1. Aid in hunting and gathering—slash and burn agriculture

2. Protect against predators3. Adapt to colder environments

1.1.I. Developed Technology and Culture

B. Developed a wider range of tools adapted to different environments from tropics to tundraEurope—new tools--bow and arrow, spear thrower (as depicted in Lascaux; needles and multilayered clothing

Australia—use of boats

1.1.I. Developed Technology and Culture

C. Economic structure—Small kinship groups who made what was needed

“The Original Affluent Society “Relatively Egalitarian

How do we know? Modern hunter/gatherer societies

Why? No surplusesWomen’s role was vital to survival

1.1.I. Developed Technology and Culture

some groups exchanged PEOPLE, IDEAS, and GOODS

Patterns of 200 milesSpread of Venus Figurines Spread of religious ideas—Dreamtime in

Australia Spread of Clovis point technologyAustronesians migrated to Madagascar Similar cyclical views of time

1.1.I. Developed Technology and Culture

Most famous Lascaux

Cave Paintings

http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/06/gobekli-tepe/musi-photography

Evidence that hunter-gatherers interacted for religion

Gobekli Tepe

Comparison: Which of the following is NOT a true statement concerning the Paleolithic period?

a. It was the period when mankind settled all regions of the earth except Australia and the Americas.

b. It was a period when mankind adapted to live in every environmental niche from the frigid arctic, to rainforests, to mountains, to deserts.

c. It was a period of slow technological development.

d. It encompassed well over 90 percent of the time that human beings have inhabited the earth.

AnswerA

Change: When Paleolithic humans settled down into the first permanent settlements,

a. their continued reliance on a gatherer-hunter lifestyle meant that the settlement communities remained roughly the same size as before they settled down.

b. they maintained the same egalitarian social organizations that they possessed before they settled down.

c. they were able to accumulate and store more goods.

d. they no longer needed a clearly defined leader to direct their yearly migratory movements.

AnswerC

Comparison: Members of gatherer-hunter societiesa. typically have less leisure time than

members of agricultural or industrial societies.

b. have been referred to as “the original affluent society” not because they had so much but because they wanted or needed so little.

c. typically have longer life spans than members of agricultural or industrial societies.

d. do not intentionally or unintentionally alter their environments.

AnswerB

Which of the following do you find the most attractive feature of Paleolithic society?

a. Egalitarian social structureb. Relations between gendersc. Gathering and hunting lifestyled. Variety of lifestyles that one could partake

in

Which of the following do you think would most improve our knowledge of Paleolithic man?a. A more precise chronological sequence for

the spread of mankind across the planetb. A better understanding of their religious

beliefsc. If more hunter-gatherer societies existed

todayd. A better understanding of the origins of

our species