10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia

8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia

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Dyspraxia

A person with dyspraxia, also known as developmental

dyspraxia, developmental coordination disorder

(DCD), Perceptuo-Motor Dysfunction, or Motor

Learning Difficulties has problems with movement andcoordination. People with dyspraxia find it hard to

carry out smooth and coordinated movements.

The Dysprahsia Foundation defines dyspraxia as'an impairment or immaturity of the organisation ofmovement' and, in many individuals, there may beassociated problems with language, perception and

thought. The term normally used is Developmental


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Children with dyspraxia might display the followingtypes of behaviors:

a. An very high degree ticks, such as handtwisting and foot tapping

b. A higher degree of excitability, particularly

with loud or shrill tonesc. They might be prone to temper tantrumsd. They might be extraordinarily clumsye. Handwriting might be particularly poor and

short-term memory may suffer in kids withdyspraxia

f. Dyspraxia, however, does not affect theperson's intelligence


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What is the treatment for dyspraxia?

Although dyspraxia is not curable, with time the child can

improve. Occupational therapy

An occupational therapist will first observe how the child manageswith everyday functions both at home and at school. He/she willthen help the child develop skills specific to activities which maybe troublesome.

Speech and language therapy

The speech and language therapist will first carry out anassessment of the child's speech, and then help him/hercommunicate more effectively.

Perceptual motor training

This involves improving the child's language, visual, movement,and auditory skills. A series of tasks, which gradually becomingmore advanced, are set - the aim is to challenge the child so

that he/she improves, but not so much that it becomesfrustrating or stressful.


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Masalah pembelajaran kanak-kanak dispraksiatermasuk:

Membilang dan mengira melibatkan operasi.

Tulisan yang buruk membentuk huruf dantidak dapat mengikut barisan.

Tidak dapat memberi tumpuan dalam kerjaakademik terutamanya menulis, membaca,mengira atau mengeja dll

Tidak dapat mengikut arahan dan menimbulkan

masalah dalam kelas. Tidak dapat ikut/faham jika lebih daripada satuarahan diberi.

Memerlukan pengajaran secara individu.


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Strategi untuk membantu kanak-

kanak dispraksiaKemahiran yang diperlukan :

Berdikari

Kemahiran sosial dan self-esteemStrategi:

Permainan pasukan, sukan, memasak, fotografi,

berenang, archery dan martial arts Penggunaan keyboards dan komputer.


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Dispraksia

Matematik Tidak dapat menyelesaian masalah matematik.

Accept his/her best effort

Tumpukan pada kemahiran asas. Jangan terlalu banyak soalan pada satu masa.

Gunakan kod warna e.g. ratus, puluh dan sa

Tidak dapat buat jigsaw dan aktiviti sepertipengkelasan mengikut bentuk.

Elak menggunakan graf, sudut ada kanak-kanak Dispraksia tidak dapat melukis petak.


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Dispraksia

Kanak-kanak dispraksia juga bermasalah dengankonsep masa.

Konsep masa di jadikan aktiviti harian. Bila jalan ke kedai. Berapa lama? Rekodkan masa

perjalanan. Gunakan Timer tetapkan tempoh masa Contoh: duduk diam selama 1 minit dll.

Permainan nombor saiz yang besar(jigsaw)

Numicon - A multi-sensory approach to arithmeticteaching that uses patterns that are structured toencourage the understanding of number and numberrelationships.


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Dispraksia

Numiconkit pembelajaran yang sangat

sesuai untuk kanak-kanak dispraksia.

Numicon number line.Numicon number shapesrepresenting 1-10.


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Numicon

Numicon shapes showing 3 plus 4 equals 7.

Numicon pegs grouped to show 16 as 1ten and 6 units.


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Causes & symptoms

Difficulty remembering words Difficulty naming objects and/or people Difficulty speaking in complete and/or meaningful

sentences

Difficulty speaking in any fashion Difficulty reading or writing Difficulty expressing thoughts and feelings Difficulty understanding spoken language

Using incorrect or jumbled words Using words in the wrong order Poor pencil grip. Cannot do jigsaws or shape sorting

games. Artwork is very immature.


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Treatment

Trained speech therapist-allow the patientto regain language function, as well asrebuild their communications skills.

Family members are included on therapysessions to teach them how to communicatewith and understand the patient.

Even with therapy, dysphasia may take

several years to overcome.

Documents

10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia