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10. Applications 1
Applications Agenda (1 of 2)
1. Introduction 2. Example 3. Simple products 4. Classical development 5. Incremental builds 6. Spiral development 7. Prototypes
10. Applications 2
Applications Agenda (2 of 2)
8. Enterprise boundary 9. Less than optimum design 10. Less than optimum team 11. Common component 12. Algorithms 13. Reduction of hierarchy 14. State of mind
10. Applications 3
1. Introduction
Activities, applications, and products Management Objects Symbology
1. Introduction
10. Applications 4
Activities
Determine what customer wants
Decide what to do
Get what it takes to do it
Do it
Check it out
Convince customer it’s what he or she wanted
Make it happen
10. Applications 5
Application
Apply same set of activities to each task
10. Applications 6
A Product Composed of Products
Level 1 Product
Level 2 Product 1
Level 2 Product 2
Level 3 Product 1
Level 3 Product 2
Level 4 Product 2
Level 4 Product 1
Level 4 Product 3
Lower-level products
10. Applications 7
Symbology
1. Mange2. Understand3. Design4. Acquire5. Build6. Verify7. Sell off
1. Mange2. Understand3. Design4. Acquire5. --6. --7. --
1. Mange2. --3. --4. --5. Build6. Verify7. Sell off
These three symbols graphically indicate which set of activities apply
10. Applications 8
2. Example
Problem Requirements Suggestions
2. Example
10. Applications 9
Problem
An entrepreneur has identified a market for a device that can locate cattle.
The device needs to located all the cattle in a 100 square mile area.
The device can assume good weather The device must be capable of working when the
cattle are in rough terrain
10. Applications 10
Requirements
The device shall find 95 percent of all the cattle within a 100 square mile area within a continuous eight hour period assuming
The visibility is greater than 10 miles The humidity is less than 30 percent The terrain is that of Brewster County, Texas
The device shall display the location of each cow to the operator
10. Applications 11
Contractor Requirements
The contractor would like to make this device into a product line and sell to other customers, so the contractor imposes additional requirements
The device shall weigh less than 50 pounds. The device shall cost less than $10,000 in
production
10. Applications 12
Proposed Design
Cattle locating device
Cattle locator Cattle display
CameraImage
processing hardware
Control computer
Control software
Display Display computer
Display software
Find and display cattle
Find cattle
Display cattle
Make image
Extract cattle
locations
Control hardware
Display cattle
Control display
10. Applications 13
Developing Products
Developing the cattle locating device employs 10 instantiations of the product-based development approach
1
2 3
4 6 7 8
9 10
5
10. Applications 14
Suggestions
Determining when to start Stabilizing the architecture Developing the staff and organization Understanding the customer Designing the product Developing the design concepts Looking at the big picture
10. Applications 15
Determining When to Start
Starting a product development depends upon Need of other products Available people Available money Schedule
10. Applications 16
Stabilizing the Architecture
It’s important to stabilize the architecture because the architecture influences
WBS Teams Staffing
A late change in fundamental architecture can cause rework
10. Applications 17
Alternate Architecture
Cattle locating device
Cattle camera Cattle imager and display
CameraImage
processing hardware
Display Display computer
Display software
Find and display cattle
Image cattle
Locate & display cattle
Make image
Extract cattle
locations
Display cattle
Control H/W & display
10. Applications 18
Management
A suggested priority for management objects is People, staffing, budget, and schedule Legal Risk, TPPs, and life cycle plan Facilities, tools, and capital Communication and library Systems for configuration, changes, issues,
problems, and action items Reviews
10. Applications 19
Developing the Staff and Organization
Cattle locating device
Cattle locator
Cattle display
Camera
Image processing hardware
Control computer
Control software
Display Display computer
Display software
System IPT
Subsystem 2 IPTSubsystem 1 IPT
Note: WBSs align with products
10. Applications 20
3. Simple Products
Some developments don’t require all seven activities
Study Concept Purchased product Service
3. Simple products
10. Applications 21
4. Classical Development
Three phases are used to visual some programs Phase 0 develops a concept Phase 1 confirms ready for development Phase 2 develops the system
Concept exploration(phase 0)
Program definition & risk
reduction(phase 1)
Engineering & manufacturing development
(phase 2)
concept prototype system
4. Classical development
10. Applications 22
Series of PBDs
Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2
Classical development is a series of PBDs Nature of products varies with program
4. Classical development
10. Applications 23
5. Incremental Builds
Incremental builds allow parallel design and build PBD for product becomes multiple PBDs for builds
Build 1
Build 2
Build 3
Single product Multiple products
5. Incremental builds
10. Applications 24
6. Spiral Development
Function Form
BuildCertify
final form
intermediate form 2
intermediate form 1
6. Spiral development
10. Applications 25
Spiral Development
Incremental builds allow parallel design and build PBD for product becomes multiple PBDs for spiral
Single product Multiple products
6. Spiral development
10. Applications 26
7. Prototypes
Prototypes are a separate set of PBDs Documentation may be less rigorous
Product
Prototype
7. Prototypes
10. Applications 27
8. Enterprise Boundary
Cattle locating device
Cattle camera Cattle imager and display
CameraImage
processing hardware
Display Display computer
Display software
Company 1
Company 3Company 2
Splitting a product between companies may be a problem
8. Enterprise boundary
10. Applications 28
9. Less than Optimum Design
Cattle locating device
Cattle imager Cattle display
CameraImage
processing hardware
Display Display computer
Display software
System IPT
Subsystem 6 IPT
Overcome by negotiation or mapping
9. Less than optimum design
10. Applications 29
10. Less Than Optimum Team
Cattle locating device
Cattle camera Cattle imager and display
CameraImage
processing hardware
Display Display computer
Display software
System IPT
Subsystem 6 IPTSubsystem 5 IPT
Overcome by negotiation or mapping
10. Less than optimum team
10. Applications 30
11. Common Component
Common components can be treated as shared products
System
Unit Unit
Common CSCI
11. Common component
10. Applications 31
12. Algorithms
Algorithms can be treated as another product
System
Algorithms Unit
CSCI
12. Algorithms
10. Applications 32
13. Reduction of Hierarchy
Cattle locating device
CameraImage
processing hardware
Control computer
Control software
Display Display computer
Display software
Find and display cattle
Make image
Extract cattle
locations
Control hardware
Display cattle
Control display
Reducing hierarchy reduces number of products
13. Reduction of hierarchy
10. Applications 33
14. State of Mind
The application of the PBD approach is a state of mind. It’s the ability to reduce clutter by treating a product as
a set of products and then being able to apply the PBD activities to each product.
14. State of mind
