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Zhangbu Xu (BNL)

https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/starnotes/public/sn0592

• What are in eSTAR LoI?• Electron Beam Energy @ [10, 20]• What infrastructure/community

should IP6 build upon for eRHIC?

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Future of STAR

“When it comes to the future, there are three kinds of people: those who let it happen, those who make it happen, and those who wonder what happened.”-- John M. Richardson, Jr.

Zhangbu Xu (BNL)

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Decadal Plan with a path to eSTAR

eSTAR LoI for next NSAC LRP

Stage I eRHIC: luminosity 1033

electron beam <=10GeV

Physics cases based on EIC whitepaper

Enough technical details of proposed upgrades for a possible cost estimate

Deadline: September 15 to collaboration/ALD, October 1 to BNL/DOE

Charge for eSTAR LoI from ALD/BNL

4Ernst Sichtermann reported to the STAR council in 09/19/2013

6. September 2013: submitted to BNL

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RHIC: eight key unanswered questions

Hot QCD Matter Partonic structure

6: Spin structure of the nucleon7: How to go beyond leading twist and collinear factorization?

8: What are the properties of cold nuclear matter?

1: Properties of the sQGP2: Mechanism of energy loss:

weak or strong coupling?3: Is there a critical point, and if so, where?4: Novel symmetry properties5: Exotic particles

STAR DECADAL PLAN

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Physics Deliverables (EIC whitepaper)

1. Proton Spin2. Motion of partons3. Imagining4. Dense Gluonic

QCD matter5. Quark energy loss

& Hadronization

~2025--

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eSTAR Baseline Detector Configuration

Fig.3.2 https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/node/27990

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eSTAR Kinematic Coverage

Figure 3.1: DIS kinematics of scattered electrons and jets with STAR existing detector coverage.

𝜎 𝑟=𝑑2𝜎

𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑄2

𝑥𝑄4

2𝜋𝛼2 [1+(1−𝑦 )2]=𝐹2 (𝑥 ,𝑄2 )− 𝑦

1+(1− 𝑦 )2𝐹 L (𝑥 ,𝑄2 )

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Resolution and Capability

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Semi-Inclusive DIS with PID

Tracking: 2.5 < η < 4

Baryon/meson separation?

nucleus electron

W-Powder EMCal

Pb-Sc HCal

Forward Calorimeter System (FCS)

BSO

iTPC

ETTIE

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Semi-inclusive Measurements

Azimuthal correlations in di-hadron (semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering) measurements,

e + Aue’ + Au + h1 + h2 + X

provide sensitivity to gluons and have been proposed as a robust probe of saturation:

eSTAR projections for 10 GeV electrons scattering off 100 GeV/nucleon Au beams, 1 fb-1.

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Fig.2.6 Why not flow, flux tube and multiplicity dependence? – E. Shuryak

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Exclusive Vector Meson Production

Mesons such as or ρ, which have large wave functions, are anticipated to be considerably more sensitive to the saturation effect.

eSTAR advantanges: t resolution (2.5%)low-momentum PID around mid-rapidity

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How do we get there?

BNL document on transition to eRHIC, submitted to DOE 10/14/2013

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Beam Energy Scan II Program

As published in eSTAR LOI

https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/itpc

Arxiv:1401.3043Double sign change of v1

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eSTAR Baseline Detector Configuration

Fig.3.2 https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/node/27990

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Projects, R&D and MoreUpgrade projects Year of

completionTotal project cost (M$)

Funding Sources

Supplemental information

iTPC 2017 5.5  

 

potentially significant foreign in-kind contribution

Foreign in-kind contribution

FCS 2020 15 50% from refurbishing E864 HCAL

FTS 2020 4.5 GEM or Silicon

HFT’ 2020 3 faster PIXEL chips

CEMC +preshower 2024 5 Generic EIC R&D

ETOF+WTOF 2024 4 STAR TOF/MTD

GTRD 2024 5 Generic EIC R&DTotal (M$)   42 FY 12 Dollars

Every proposed project has an R&D currently.Science-driven proposals, for instance, in the areas of displaced vertex detection and forward particle-identification, to further strengthen the baseline eSTAR scientific capabilities and program, are missing from the current LoI.

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On-going R&D Projects iTPC Design

reduce material and padrow arrange

Forward Calorimeter System (FCS)W-power+Fiber

Crystal Calorimeter (BSO)new crystal

GEM based TRDnew TRD

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eSTAR Baseline Detector Configuration

Fig.3.2 https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/node/27990

Forward Calorimeter System

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Calorimeter Test Beam and Simulations

• Approved EIC R&D project from May 2011

• UCLA, TAMU, PSU• Simulations on jets,

photons and hyperons• Second testbeam in Feb.

HAD Prototype for STAR

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electron/hadron PID for 5GeV Electron beam

Electron coverage: 1>eta>-2.5PID e/h: 1000

Low material: photon conversion

e

h

INT report (arXiv:1108.1713) Fig.7.18.

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TPC Inner Sector Upgrade Staggered readout

Only 13 maximum possible points Issues in Tracking: recognition and resolution

Only reads ~20% of possible gas path length Inner sectors essentially not used in dE/dx

Essentially limits TPC effective acceptance to |η|<1

Inner TPC Upgrade:1. MWPC (SDU/SINAP)

ATLAS sTGCChinese 973 project

2. Mechanics (LBL/BNL)Eric Anderson (PI)

3. Electronics (BNL/ALICE)4. Schedule (2017)

=±1 =±1.2 =±2

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TRD+TOF at Endcap (-2<<-1)

Inner tracking TPC (endcap region):

TRD + TOF/Absorber sandwich

• Within <70cm space inside endcap• TOF as start-time for BTOF and MTD• TOF + dE/dx for electron ID• TOF for hadron PID• Extend track pathlength with precise points • High-precision dE/dx (Xe+CO2) TRD

Ming Shao (USTC)

TPC

IP

Iron Endcap

TRD

TOF / Absorber

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GEM based TRD – R&D

EIC R&D support (BNL/USTC/IU/Yale)

https://wiki.bnl.gov/conferences/index.php/June_2013

MWPC GEM

• Prototype TRD with miniDrift GEM (27 time bins)• Cosmic ray test results• Plan test beam at FermiLab with other EIC R&D

projects in October (T1037)• Setups at USTC and BNL

Advantage Few ion feedback to drift

volume High rate Better position resolution Less space charge effect dE/dx Drift along magnetic field

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electron/hadron PID for 10GeV Electron beam

Momentum (GeV/c)

0.1 1 10

g/e

h/e

Electron E

nergy 510 G

eV

EIC task force

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BSO Crystals for Forward ElectronCrystal Long_BSO Short_BSO Long_PWO Short_PWO

ID BSOL BSOS PWO-B PWO-A

Size 20*20*200mm Φ=25mm,L=30mm 25*25*220mm 30*30*45mm

• Very Forward Electron Detection (eta<-2.0) • BSO is produced by replacing Ge in BGO with

Si, the material cost for BSO reduced by x3-4.• Collaborators: USTC,SINAP,THU,UCLA• Vendor: Shanghai SICCAS High Technology

Coorporation (USTC/UCLA/SICCAS)• R&D proposal partially funded by BNL/DOEProduction Getting better over time

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eSTAR Executive Summary

In this Letter of Intent, the STAR collaboration proposes a path to evolve STAR into a major experiment, referred to as eSTAR, at a possible future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, eRHIC.

We demonstrate through simulations that eSTAR will deliver on a broad range of key measurements:

inclusive structure functions in (polarized) electron-nucleon and electron nucleus scattering, semi-inclusive observables that have one or more identified particles in the current fragmentation

region and dihadron correlations in the low-x regime, exclusive observables in deeply-virtual Compton scattering and in vector meson production processes,

including diffractive processes.

These measurements have been identified as flagship science cases in the recent EIC community white-paper for the eRHIC facility specifications envisioned in the charge for this LOI.

The baseline eSTAR plan has three essential upgrade projects for the scientific program: Endcap TOF, GTRD, CEMC

eSTAR will rely on a replacement upgrade of iTPC and on a subsequent forward upgrades (FCS and FTS) for completing of STAR’s high-priority programs at RHIC

The majority of the collaboration is strongly supportive of the eSTAR effort and multiple institutions are already actively engaged in simulations and R&D for each of the envisioned upgrade projects.

The detector configuration presented in this Letter of Intent represents the baseline instrument. New collaborators from the broader community are vitally important. Science-driven proposals to further strengthen the baseline eSTAR scientific capabilities and program, are particularly welcome.

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eRHIC Machine Design Document

Thomas Roser, EIC IAC, 02/28/2014

29Thomas Roser, EIC IAC, 02/28/2014

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What happens to eSTAR with 15GeV electron?

Clearly the crystal calorimeter becomes essential for covering large x-Q2 kinematics

open geometryLow Detector MaterialUninstrumented Forward

Magnet field 0.5TAcceptance for low momentum largeMid-rapidity momentum resolution goodNo enough fringe field for forward PID

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Resolutions of key Kinematics at 15 GeV Electron Energy

The correlation between smeared and true y, x, and Q2 (top left and right, and bottom left) and event purity in the (x,Q2) plane (bottom right), as reconstructed using the electron method. Purity is defined as defined as (Ngen - Nout) / (Ngen - Nout + Nin), where Ngen, out, in are the number of events generated in a bin, smeared out of it, and smeared into it from other bins, respectively. The collision system is a 15 GeV electron beam and a 100 GeV hadron beam.

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A more compact eSTAR

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Is STAR Detector too antique for eRHIC

Richard Majka (Yale)STAR Decadal Plan 2003

Carl Gagliardi (TAMU)STAR Decadal Plan 2010--1013

Detector Year inst

TPC 1999

BEMC 2005

BSMD 2005

EEMC 2005

TPC FEE 2010

DAQ1K 2010

TOF 2010

TCU/QT 2010-13

HFT 2014

MTD 2014

HLT 2015

iTPC 2017

FCS 2020

What left from original: magnet and TPC field cageTrigger System: DSMEMC Readouts

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Is STAR Collaboration too ancient for eRHIC?

Management team (40s)140 registered juniorsProduce 178 Ph.D. (in 15 years)Publish 156 refereed papers

Collaboration meeting in 02/14/2014, Blizzard Day

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eSTAR Executive Summary

In this Letter of Intent, the STAR collaboration proposes a path to evolve STAR into a major experiment, referred to as eSTAR, at a possible future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, eRHIC.

We demonstrate through simulations that eSTAR will deliver on a broad range of key measurements:

inclusive structure functions in (polarized) electron-nucleon and electron nucleus scattering, semi-inclusive observables that have one or more identified particles in the current fragmentation

region and dihadron correlations in the low-x regime, exclusive observables in deeply-virtual Compton scattering and in vector meson production processes,

including diffractive processes.

These measurements have been identified as flagship science cases in the recent EIC community white-paper for the eRHIC facility specifications envisioned in the charge for this LOI.

The baseline eSTAR plan has three essential upgrade projects for the scientific program: Endcap TOF, GTRD, CEMC

eSTAR will rely on a replacement upgrade of iTPC and on a subsequent forward upgrades (FCS and FTS) for completing of STAR’s high-priority programs at RHIC

The majority of the collaboration is strongly supportive of the eSTAR effort and multiple institutions are already actively engaged in simulations and R&D for each of the envisioned upgrade projects.

The detector configuration presented in this Letter of Intent represents the baseline instrument. New collaborators from the broader community are vitally important. Science-driven proposals to further strengthen the baseline eSTAR scientific capabilities and program, are particularly welcome.

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What’s in it for us?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqRZWwHA47U&feature=player_detailpage

[Linda walks him out of her shop]Tulio: This could be our last chance.Linda: Have a safe flight.[she shuts her shop door in his face and walks away]Tulio: Linda, please listen to me! If we don't do this, his whole species will be gone![he throws his business card through her shop door post flap]Tulio: Just think about it.

Lead Marmoset: Oh, yeah! What's in it for us?Nigel: Well, that's a fair question.[he suddenly takes the lead Marmoset and flies him high into the sky]Nigel: Let's discuss it.[Nigel let's him go making him fall through the sky]Nigel: I certainly see you point.[to the lead marmoset as he's falling down]Nigel: But what could I possibly do for you in return? Mmm? Lead Marmoset: Save me! Save me!Nigel: Oh! Well, that's a thought. Yeah. But is it enough? I don't want to feel like I'm cheating you.Lead Marmoset: Help me! Help me! Help me! We'll do it! We'll do it! Save me! Please! Save meeeee! [just before he hits the ground he stops as Nigel catches him]Nigel: All right, you've twisted my wing. Deal. Now then, anymore questions? [the group of monkeys remain silent]

Blu: You want honesty? Fine. Fine, I can be honest. I don't belong here. In fact, I never wanted to come here in the first place. And...and...and you know what? I hate Samba![Rafael, Nico and Pedro gasp with shock and Nico bursts into tears]Pedro: Hey! That's a little too far![to Pedro]Nico: Make the mean bird take it back!Blu: Yeah! I said it! Every song sounds exactly the same.[he mimics the samba music and dance]Blu: Tico-taco, ya-ya-ya! Tico-taco, ya-ya-ya! Urrgh! I'm tico-taco outta here.

Jewel: Blu, you're flying!Blu: Yeah! Woohoo! I'm flying! I'm really flying! You're right! I'm not an ostrich! I'm not an ostrich![last lines; Linda watches as Blu flies away behind Jewel towards the jungle]Linda: That's my big, brave boy.

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