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WORKPLACE
ENVIRONMENT AND
ERGONOMICS
DEFINITION OF ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary activity
dealing with the interactions between a person
and their work environment.
Ergonomics is the science of designing the job,
equipment and workplace to fit the worker.
Proper ergonomic design is necessary to
prevent repetitive strain injuries, which can
develop over time and can lead to long term
disability
The goal of ergonomics is to ensure a good fit between the workers and their jobs, thereby maximizing workers comfort, safety and health, productivity and efficiency.
From the Greek words
ergon work
nomos laws
Ergonomics literally means the law of the work (Sluchak, 1992)
x
HISTORY OF ERGONOMICS IN MALAYSIA
Ergonomics in Malaysia has been
introduced over a decade ago with
establishment of the ergonomics
division in NIOSH on 1st December
1992.
LEGAL REQUIREMENT: SECTION 15,
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT
(OSHA) 1994
The Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994 aims to secure the safety, health
and welfare of person at work, to protect
others against risks to safety or health in
connection with the activities of persons
at work, and to promote an occupational
environment for persons at work which is
adapted to their physiological and
psychological needs.
Ergonomics consider all the physical aspects of a person,
such as:
body size and shape; fitness and strength; posture; the senses, especially vision, hearing and touch; and the stresses and strains on muscles, joints, nerves.
Ergonomics also consider the psychological aspects of a
person,
such as:
mental abilities; personality; knowledge; and experience.
OBJECTIVES OF ERGONOMICS
To facilitate the maximization both comfort and
productivity in the workplace.
To reduces the potential for accidents;
To reduces the potential for injury and ill health;
and
To improves performance and productivity.
ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
WORKPLACE DESIGN
POOR LIGHTING
LAY-OUT OF WORKSTATION
EXCESSIVE MANUAL HANDLING vibration
DESIGN OF TOOLS
REPETITIVE MOVEMENTS
MANUAL HANDLING
Factories & Machinery Act 1967
Section 12 No one shall be employed to lift, carry or move any load that could cause bodily injury.
CORRECT & INCORRECT TECHNIQUES
12 ERGONOMICS PRINCIPLES
1. Keep everything within easy reach
2. Work at proper height
3. Reduce excessive force
4. Work in good posture
5. Reduce excessive repetition
6. Minimize fatigue
7. Minimize direct pressure
8. Provide adjustability and change of posture
9. Provide clearance and access
10. Maintain a comfortable environment
11. Enhance clarity and understanding
12. Improve work organisation
THINK SAFETY, WORK SAFELY