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1
VlSIONS OF CHANGE
OUTLINEOUTLINE
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33
44
CURRICULAR COMPONENTS
MANAGING SCHOOL REFORM
TAKING THE CHANGE DIP
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2
Mission of the SchoolMission of the School
to Instructtransmission of knowledge
to Socialize development of responsible citizens in society
to Qualifyproviding skills for future schooling and careers
“Québec Schools on Course” / Education Act - Art. 36
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Agents of ChangeAgents of Change
Law 107 Establishment of Linguistic School Boards
Law 180 Establishment of Community Schools
“Reaffirming the Mission of Our Schools” Initiation of Curriculum Reform
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Managing School Reform Managing School Reform
Change of Attitudes Re-Organisation of School Program Development Coherence of Components Professional Development Collaborative environment
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““Program establishment is one Program establishment is one of the most sensitive elements ... of the most sensitive elements ... it has a it has a significantsignificant structural structural
iimpactmpact on the curriculum on the curriculum as applied as applied in the classroomin the classroom””
Québec Schools on Course - Policy Statement
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““In order to allow the planned In order to allow the planned changes to improve the quality of changes to improve the quality of
students’ education, students’ education, we must we must first alter the educational first alter the educational
environment environment within which they within which they are to take place.”are to take place.”
“Québec Schools on Course “- Policy Statement
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““...schools must ...schools must break with break with traditional views of schoolingtraditional views of schooling, , existing educational structures, existing educational structures,
the current division of the current division of responsibilities and certain responsibilities and certain
acquired privileges.”acquired privileges.”
Final Report of the Estates General
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A 4-Dimensional ViewA 4-Dimensional View
We must create the We must create the conditions which conditions which
empower principals to empower principals to take the risks required for take the risks required for successful school reform.successful school reform.
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CURRICULARCURRICULAR• GOALS• FRAMEWORK• CONTENT• CONTEXT• INTEGRATION• GENERIC SKILLS• CONTINUITY• TRANSPARENCY• FLEXIBILITY
SCHOOLBASED
REFORM
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Curricular DimensionCurricular Dimension
This is the perspective that This is the perspective that outlines the expectations and outlines the expectations and sequence of learning withinsequence of learning withinthe settings of formal schooling.the settings of formal schooling.
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GOALS instruction – socialisation – qualification
FRAMEWORK policy / programs / timeframes / workloads / climate / settings
CONTENT teacher & students as collaborative sources of knowledge & information
CONTEXT situation of learning between learner’s perception & global realities
INTEGRATION use of projects, themes & issues to propel cross-curricular learning
GENERIC SKILLS social , life & work competencies essential to productive citizenship
CONTINUITY patterns of learning which are woven together with specific competencies
TRANSPARENCY learning as a natural voluntary activity akin to pre-school development
FLEXIBILITY instructional strategies attuned to individual interests, abilities & styles
Cur
ricul
arC
urric
ular
D
imen
sion
D
imen
sion
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CURRICULARCURRICULAR• GOALS• FRAMEWORK• CONTENT• CONTEXT• INTEGRATION• GENERIC SKILLS• CONTINUITY• TRANSPARENCY• FLEXIBILITY
STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL• CULTURE• GOVERNANCE• POLICY• ENVIRONMENTS• TEACHING TEAMS• TIME FRAMES• WORKLOADS• REPORTING• SUPPORT
SCHOOLBASED
REFORM
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Structural DimensionStructural Dimension
This perspective defines the This perspective defines the settings and conditions within settings and conditions within which learning takes place.which learning takes place.
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CULTURE local & global contexts within which learning activities take place
GOVERNANCE school community develops & implements the mission of the school
POLICY framework is constructed which insures the vision of the collective
ENVIRONMENTS settings for learning which are responsive to diverse learning needs
TEACHING TEAMS collaboration must be reinforced by the provision of time & resources
TIME FRAMES provision of appropriate & sufficient opportunities for successful learning
WORKLOADS fluid application of global timeframes to provide for innovative groupings
REPORTING reporting must reflect the dynamics of learning & presentation styles
SUPPORT expression & provision of support become the indicators of leadership
Str
uctu
ral
Str
uctu
ral
Dim
ensi
on
Dim
ensi
on
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CURRICULARCURRICULAR• GOALS• FRAMEWORK• CONTENT• CONTEXT• INTEGRATION• GENERIC SKILLS• CONTINUITY• TRANSPARENCY• FLEXIBILITY
STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL• CULTURE• GOVERNANCE• POLICY• ENVIRONMENTS• TEACHING TEAMS• TIME FRAMES• WORKLOADS• REPORTING• SUPPORT
PERSONALPERSONAL• LEARNER• TEACHER• PARENT• PRINCIPAL• PARTNERSHIPS• PROFESSIONALS• SCHOOL BOARD• COMMUNITY• SOCIETY
SCHOOLBASED
REFORM
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Personal DimensionPersonal Dimension
This perspective portrays the This perspective portrays the stakeholders and their roles in stakeholders and their roles in the implementation of the the implementation of the school’s mission.school’s mission.
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Per
sona
lP
erso
nal
Dim
ensi
on
Dim
ensi
on LEARNER
responsible for learning within the range of personal maturity & potential TEACHER
acts as the co-ordinator of learning activities & a facilitator of learning PARENT
reinforces learning & exploration by supplementing in-school activities PRINCIPAL
sets the educational climate & perpetuates the “learning organisation” PARTNERSHIPS
groupings of critical & interested stakeholders which facilitate learning PROFESSIONALS
provide expertise & resources to partnerships in classrooms & schools SCHOOL BOARD
sets the framework for the governance, mandate & operation of schools COMMUNITY
the environment & support system within which the school evolves SOCIETY
establishes collective values & sets the expectations of citizenship
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CURRICULARCURRICULAR• GOALS• FRAMEWORK• CONTENT• CONTEXT• INTEGRATION• GENERIC SKILLS• CONTINUITY• TRANSPARENCY• FLEXIBILITY
STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL• CULTURE• GOVERNANCE• POLICY• ENVIRONMENTS• TEACHING TEAMS• TIME FRAMES• WORKLOADS• REPORTING• SUPPORT
PERSONALPERSONAL• LEARNER• TEACHER• PARENT• PRINCIPAL• PARTNERSHIPS• PROFESSIONALS• SCHOOL BOARD• COMMUNITY• SOCIETY
INTERACTIVEINTERACTIVE• VALUES• VISION• EXPLORATION• DIALOGUE• NETWORKS• CONSENSUS• ED. PROJECT• FEEDBACK• RE-LEARNING
SCHOOLBASED
REFORM
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Interactive DimensionInteractive Dimension
This perspective illustrates the This perspective illustrates the contexts within which partners contexts within which partners in the school community in the school community communicate and co-operate.communicate and co-operate.
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Inte
ract
ive
Inte
ract
ive
Dim
ensi
on
Dim
ensi
on VALUES
societal expectations for appropriate conduct & behaviour of constituents VISION
expression of the collective sense of determination, direction & destiny EXPLORATION
freedom to learn & discover in natural, un-prescribed ‘relational’ patterns DIALOGUE
the capacity to interact, share & compromise on issues of importance NETWORKS
establishment of groups which share common views, needs & resources CONSENSUS
the art of generating a collective viewpoint without polarising partners EDUCATIONAL PROJECT
the expression of the character, culture & vision of the school community FEEDBACK
reacting to & inviting reaction to a variety of perspectives & viewpoints RE-LEARNING
the ability to explore established assumptions with a critical perspective
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PERSONALPERSONAL• LEARNER• TEACHER• PARENT• PRINCIPAL• PARTNERSHIPS• PROFESSIONALS• SCHOOL BOARD• COMMUNITY• SOCIETY
CURRICULARCURRICULAR• GOALS• FRAMEWORK• CONTENT• CONTEXT• INTEGRATION• GENERIC SKILLS• CONTINUITY• TRANSPARENCY• FLEXIBILITY
STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL• CULTURE• GOVERNANCE• POLICY• ENVIRONMENTS• TEACHING TEAMS• TIME FRAMES• WORKLOADS• REPORTING• SUPPORT
INTERACTIVEINTERACTIVE• VALUES• VISION• EXPLORATION• DIALOGUE• NETWORKS• CONSENSUS• ED. PROJECT• FEEDBACK• RE-LEARNING
SCHOOLBASED
REFORM
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Coping with ChangeCoping with Change44
Transformational LeadershipTaking the Change Dip Windows of ChangeVehicles for Change
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Transformational LeadershipTransformational LeadershipTHE HALLMARK OF PUBLIC CONFIDENCETHE HALLMARK OF PUBLIC CONFIDENCE
Collaboratively identify new vision for the school. Promote a consensus on group goals. Set high expectations for teachers (pupils). Set examples to follow by their behaviour. Respect the teacher (pupil) as an individual. Cause teachers to adapt teaching for improvement. Promote a school culture focusing on continuous
improvement of services for students. Structure school to enhance group decision making.
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emem••powpow••erer••mentment
1. to give or delegate power or 1. to give or delegate power or authority to; authorize. authority to; authorize.
2. to give ability to; 2. to give ability to; enableenable or or permit.permit.
Collins New English Dictionary
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DirectingDirecting CoachingCoaching
FacilitFacilitatingating
FORMINGFORMING STORMINGSTORMING
NORMINGNORMINGPERFORMINGPERFORMING
DelegatingDelegating
LEADERSHIP STYLES
adapted from “Developmental Sequence in Small Group” B. W. Tuckman, Psych. Bulletin, 1965
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FORMINGFORMING
GET IT DONEGET IT DONE
DirectingDirecting
STORMINGSTORMING
GET APPRECIATEDGET APPRECIATED
CoachingCoaching
NORMINGNORMING
GET ALONGGET ALONG
FacilitatingFacilitating
PERFORMINGPERFORMING
GET IT RIGHTGET IT RIGHT
DelegatingDelegating
INTERRELATED GOALS
solo CONTEXT group
slow
P
AC
E
fas
t
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Vehicles for ChangeVehicles for Change Reform “Plan of Action” School Self-Assessment School’s Educational Project Staff Professional Development School Improvement Partnerships Classroom Technology Projects Innovation Projects & Grants