1812The War

A n n e A r u n d e l C o u n t y , M a r y l a n dHistoric Sites in

I n T h e E y e o f t h e S t o r m

1909.2.1: Courtesy of the Maryland Historical Society "The Privateer Schooner Surprise of Baltimore, a sister ship in design to the Lion of Baltimore."

of

The War of 1812Index

Introduction 2 Anne Arundel County During the War or 1812 “In the Eye of the Storm” Java Plantation

Preparing for Attack 3-4 Systems Fortifications Jonas Green Park Fort Severn Fort Madison Fort Nonsense Fort at Horn Point

War Time 5-6 Maryland State House Annapolis Town Pig Point Thomas Point Bodkin Creek/Hancock’s Resolution The Curtis Creek Iron Furnace Fort Smallwood Park “Rock Point”

War of 1812 Map 7-8

After the Battle of Baltimore 9-10 Town Point Site Tracey’s Landing Site Kirby’s Wind Mill Site Sandy Point State Park

Francis Scott Key and The Star-Spangled Banner 11-12 St John’s College Chase-Lloyd House St Anne’s Church Old Site of the Joseph Nicholson Home and Present USNA Bandstand Twin Oaks Mansion

United States Naval Academy 13-14 Armel-Leftwich Visitor Center Mahan Hall: U S Navy Trophy Flag Collection U S Naval Academy Museum HMS Macedonian Monument HMS Confiance Cannon

The Capture of H.M frigate Java

Photo Courtesy of Library of Congress

IntroductionAnne Arundel County During the War of 1812In the Eye of the StormOn June 18, 1812, when the United States declared war on Great Britain, the British viewed the Chesapeake Bay region as a hub of national political power and aggression Washington, DC was the nation’s capital and Baltimore, the third largest city in the United States, a seat of maritime trade, shipbuilding, and home to privateers that attacked British shipping Annapolis and Anne Arundel County lay between the two major centers and yet, as if “in the eye of the storm,” as the British burned the White House and the Capital in Washington, and Baltimore underwent a major attack three weeks later, Anne Arundel County remained largely unscathed by the major military battles surrounding it Today, Anne Arundel County is home to many sites and relics of the War of 1812, many of which are on the grounds and in the Museum at the United States Naval Academy, making the area one of the best places in the United States to gain an understanding of the War of 1812

Java Plantation Java was the home of John Contee, a first Lieutenant in the U S Marine Corps aboard the U S frigate Constitution during its successful engagement with H M frigate Java off Bahia, Brazil on December 19, 1812 Along with the defeat of Java, the Constitution had also recently defeated H M frigate Guerriere. The two victories won the crew $100,000 from the U S government Contee purchased this Anne Arundel County property in 1828; it is said the purchase was made with the prize money he received and he renamed the plantation for the captured ship Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater - www serc si eduOpen Monday-Saturday, 9am - 4:30pm (closed Sundays and federal holidays)

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Photo Courtesy of the National Park Service, ©Gerry Embleton

Preparing for Attack

System of FortificationsRelations between the United States and Great Britain deteriorated in the first years of the 1800s In June 1807, the H M frigate Leopard fired on the U S frigate Chesapeake off the Virginia Coast when the U S commander refused an order to allow the British to search his ship for deserters A number of U S sailors were killed before the Chesapeake surrendered

The British then boarded and forcibly removed four crew members The American public was infuriated by this

encounter and it fueled the flames for war already simmering due to many issues, including “free trade and

sailors’ rights” Americans throughout the country began strengthening and building fortifications and

drilling their militias Marylanders built several fortifications on both sides of the Severn River to

protect the capital city

Jonas Green ParkThis park is the location of signage

for Fort Severn, Fort Madison, Fort Nonsense and The Fort at

Horn Point1997 Baltimore Annapolis Bivd ,

Annapolis (East end of the USNA/Severn River Bridge)

Fort Severn In 1808 seven acres of land were obtained on

Windmill Point from the estate of Walter Dulany and the City of Annapolis A fourteen-foot high stonewall circular fort, one hundred feet in

diameter, was built and a dozen cannon installed During the War, American troops were stationed

there In 1845 Fort Severn was transferred to the U S Navy for the U S Naval Academy and in 1909 it was demolished and Bancroft Hall built on the site United States Naval AcademyBancroft Hall

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Fort MadisonFinished in 1809, then U S Secretary of War William Eustis described Fort Madison as, “an enclosed work of masonry, comprehending a semi-elliptical face, with circular flanks, calculated for thirteen guns: with a brick magazine, and barracks for one company ” On Sunday, August 21, 1814, Captain Sir Peter Parker of the H M frigate Menelaus launched a night attack on Fort Madison with 200 men, but the party ran aground several times in the Severn River’s shallow waters and eventually gave up and returned to the ship Fort Madison was demolished in 1909 by the U S Navy Greenbury Point, AnnapolisEastern Shore of the Severn River, opposite Annapolis

Fort NonsenseAn earthen fortification high on a hilltop across the Severn River from Annapolis, this fort is the only one of the four forts used to protect Annapolis that remains Despite its name, the fort had great purpose and was intended to protect Fort Madison from land attack The location may well have been used as a look out point as early as the Revolutionary War Greenbury Point, AnnapolisDirectly behind Fort Madison

Fort at Horn PointA substantial fort built during the American Revolution in what today is the Annapolis community of Eastport, the Fort at Horn Point was the site of a gun battery during the War of 1812 Today the Fort’s remains are thought to be underwater Horn Point Street End ParkChesapeake Avenue and Horn Point Drive, Annapolis - Always accessible

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Photo Courtesy of the Hammond-Harwood House Association

War TimeMaryland State HouseThe seat of Maryland government, the State House was at the center of the state’s preparations for the War of 1812, both locally and in coordination with President Madison’s administration in Washington, D C On its grounds was the central armory for the state where weapons and gun powder were stored Near constant fear of invasion by the British led Governor Levin Winder (1757–1819) to direct the removal of the state’s historical records from the State House for relocation to various sites from 1813 to 1815 Throughout the war, the State House dome was used as a lookout by Major William Barney (son of Commodore Joshua Barney), and others, to monitor the movement of British ships up and down the Chesapeake Bay Maryland State House State Circle, Annapolis - www statehouse md govOpen daily, tours are self-guided, photo ID required for 18 and older

Annapolis TownDuring the summer and fall of 1814, the British warship H M frigate Menelaus plied the waters off Annapolis Lieutenant B G Beynon of the Royal Marines wrote his impressions of Annapolis “The Town is very pretty, the finest building is the state House which is in the centre of the Town, it’s built of brick, on the top of it is a large dome…The Town is well fortified, there are three thousand troops in it ” Annapolis, Anne Arundel County Conference and Visitors Bureau26 West Street, Annapolis - www visitannapolis org - Always accessible

Pig PointOn August 22, 1814, British vessels chased a small flotilla of American gun barges and gunboats up the Patuxent River To prevent the British from capturing the boats Commodore Joshua Barney, under orders of the secretary of the U S Navy, reluctantly scuttled the flotilla Barney and his men then raced to help defend Washington, D C Underwater archaeologists believe they may have discovered the flagship U S sloop Scorpion under several feet of sediment Pig PointPatuxent Wetlands Park, 1598 Southern Maryland Blvd , Lothian

Thomas Point (Offshore, site of today’s Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse)Here a British sloop-of-war became grounded in May 1813 Governor Winder came down from Annapolis with several military men to determine whether a gun battery could be constructed to destroy the enemy warship; after debate it was decided it was not worth the risk to troops that could easily get cut off by the enemy on the narrow peninsula Thomas Point Park3890 Thomas Point Road, Annapolis - Hours 8am to sunset, closed Tuesdays Permit required: www aacounty org/RecParks

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Photo Courtesy of the National Park Service, ©Gerry Embleton

Bodkin Creek/Hancock’s ResolutionTo divide and distract the American defenders in the summer of 1814, the British sent naval squadrons up the Potomac, the Chesapeake Bay, and their main force up the Patuxent River On August 24, 1814, the Chesapeake squadron destroyed a “fine” American schooner “behind the headlands” of Bodkin Creek, right off Hancock’s Resolution The Royal Marines reported they had destroyed the Lion of Baltimore

During the War of 1812 the owner of Hancock’s Resolution, Captain Francis Hancock, commanded a company in the 22nd Regiment of the Maryland Militia The company’s duties included observation of enemy movements south of the mouth of the Patapsco River Hancock’s Resolution2795 Bayside Beach Road, Pasadena - www historichancocksresolution orgApril-October, Sundays 1-4pm

The Curtis Creek Iron FurnaceThe Curtis Creek Furnace, established circa 1759, sometimes called the “Etna Furnace,” stood on the south side of the Furnace Branch Creek, Glen Burnie, under where Route 10 now crosses That creek is a southwestern tributary of Curtis Bay which feeds into the Patapsco River The Furnace was eight miles from Baltimore and produced high quality pig iron from “Arundel” iron deposits A first-hand account of its involvement in the War of 1812 was given to the “Baltimore Sun” in September 1890 by Sarah Randle, whose father served under Captain Abner Linthicum of the 22nd Regiment, Maryland Militia She was 18 years old when the war began: “At the beginning of the War (Capt Linthicum’s company) was often in service Sometimes at Etna Furnace, Curtis Creek, where cannons were cast before and during the war ”Further, historical records document the furnace providing 18-pound cannon and 32-pound carronades for barges in Commodore Barney’s Flotilla Kuethe Library5 Crain Highway SE, Glen BurnieSince the actual Furnace site will not be ready for visitation for some years, Kuethe Library has been chosen as the site for its sign, which will not be in place until early 2015

Fort Smallwood Park “Rock Point”This Anne Arundel County park provides a spectacular view of the waterway and the shorelines where the Battle of Baltimore took place in September 1814 When the British started their attack they debarked their troops from troopships in Old Road Bay at North Point right opposite “Rock Point”, now called Fort Smallwood (That fort, named for Revolutionary War General William Smallwood, was built circa 1896 to defend Baltimore at the start of the Spanish-American War) When the attack on Fort McHenry was repelled, the British forces withdrew to Old Road Bay This victory, coupled with the American success at Plattsburgh on Lake Champlain, signaled a positive turning point for the United States in the war The terms of the Treaty of Ghent were agreed upon by the delegations of both countries on December 24, 1814, but it was not ratified by the United States until February 17, 1815 Fort Smallwood Park9500 Fort Smallwood Road, Pasadena - www aacounty org (under recreation & parks)Hours sunrise to sunset, closed Wednesdays

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20

213

213

404

301

ChesapeakeBay

Patuxant River

Herring Bay

South River

Severn River

Magothy River

West River

Anne Arundel County

Shady Side

Herald Harbor

Fairhaven

Romancoke

Chester

Waterloo

Crosby

Neavitt

WittmanUpper Marlboro

Chesapeake Beach

Rock Hall

College Park

Bowie

Catonsville

Parkville

Essex

Pikesville

Lochearn

South Gate

Severn

Glen Burnie

Severna Park

Clinton

Randallstown

Milford MillMiddle River

Arbutus

Brooklyn Park

Elkridge

North Laurel

Ferndale

Green Haven

Arnold

Odenton

Beltsville

Walker Mill

Forestville

Ellicott City

DundalkColumbia

97

95

95

50

495

195 695

895

295

100

214

259

258

1

2

2

2

3

32

4

Baltimore

City of Annapolis

Java Plantation

Thomas Point

Sandy PointState Park

Tracey’s Landing

Pig Point

Fort Smallwood Park

Bodkin Creek/Hancock’s Resolution

Curtis Creek Iron Furnace

Twin Oaks Mansion

Fort Nonsense

Jonas Green Park Fort

Madison

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213

213

404

301

ChesapeakeBay

Patuxant RiverHerring Bay

South River

Severn River

Magothy River

West River

Anne Arundel County

Shady Side

Herald Harbor

Fairhaven

Romancoke

Chester

Waterloo

Crosby

Neavitt

WittmanUpper Marlboro

Chesapeake Beach

Rock Hall

College Park

Bowie

Catonsville

Parkville

Essex

Pikesville

Lochearn

South Gate

Severn

Glen Burnie

Severna Park

Clinton

Randallstown

Milford MillMiddle River

Arbutus

Brooklyn Park

Elkridge

North Laurel

Ferndale

Green Haven

Arnold

Odenton

Beltsville

Walker Mill

Forestville

Ellicott City

DundalkColumbia

97

95

95

50

495

195 695

895

295

100

214

259

258

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2

2

2

3

32

4

Baltimore

City of Annapolis

Java Plantation

Thomas Point

Sandy PointState Park

Tracey’s Landing

Pig Point

Fort Smallwood Park

Bodkin Creek/Hancock’s Resolution

Curtis Creek Iron Furnace

Twin Oaks Mansion

Fort Nonsense

Jonas Green Park Fort

Madison

Map Legend

The following symbols designate War of 1812 locations

Visitor Information Center

Interpretive signage on site

1812 interpretation/not an 1812 site

1812 site - no signage

1812 site/private property/no visitation

Type of Involvement at this Site

British Raid

Skirmish

Mustering Site

Munitions manufactory

Francis Scott Key related

Barney’s Flotilla Related

Star-Spangled Banner/National Anthem

2ND ST

KING GEORGE ST

6TH ST

1ST ST

SEVERN AVE

3RD ST5TH STSANTEE RD

4TH ST

CHESTER AVE

SIMS RD

MAIN ST

FRAN

KLIN

ST

BOWYER RD

WEST STCOOPER R

D

EAST ST

BROWNSID

E RD

TURNER JO

Y RDCOLL

EGE AVE MARYLA

ND AVE

SOUT

H ST

DECATUR RD

STATE ST

SHAW ST

RAMSEY RD

CONDUIT ST

CALVERT S

T

PRINCE GEORGE ST

ANNAPOLIS ST

MCNAIR RD

CO

MPR

OM

ISE ST

WOOD RD

EASTERN AVE

CATHEDRAL ST

BAY RIDGE AVEADAMS ST

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER ST

CLAY ST

PHYTHIAN RD

UPSHUR RD

PRESIDENT ST

CREEK DR

BOUCHER AVE

MARKET S

T

PORTER RD

BURNSIDE ST

ROSCOE ROWE BLVD

WASHING

TON ST

BLADEN ST

BOUNDARY RD

BLAKE RD

SHIPWRIGHT ST

DORSEY RD

NO NAME

WAINWRIGHT RD

LOCKW

OO

D CT

STATE CIR

O HARE RD

MITCHELL ST

RIVERVIEW AVE

MOSS HAVEN CT

PARKER R

D

LARKIN ST

ARCADE RD

CHESTON AVE

GARDEN ST

BLOOMSBURY SQ

SCHOOL ST

STATE STNO NAM

EBURNSIDE ST

Saint John’s College

US Naval Academy Museum

Chase-Lloyd House

Fort at Horn Point

United States Naval Academy

Fort Severn

Mahan Hall

HMS Macedonian Monument

HMS Con�ance

Cannon(Macdonough

Hall)

Joseph Nicholson Home Site & Band Stand

Maryland State House

St. Anne’sChurch

Armel-Leftwich Visitor Center

Annapolis & Anne Arundel County

Conference & Visitors Bureau

Annapolis City Map

Photo Courtesy of the National Park Service, ©Gerry Embleton

After the Battle of Baltimore

Town Point Site Early on October 27, 1814, a British force of over 250 men sailed from Tilghman Island to Herring Bay, planning to destroy the fortification at Town Point Outnumbered, most of the local militia retreated, leaving Lieutenant Scrivener and four others to man the cannon When the gun match went out, Scrivener fired the cannon twice with a makeshift match that required him to get too close to the cannon On the third try, the gun recoiled over his foot At that point, the remaining men retreated half a mile across an open field under British gunfire The British landed and burned two homes, a store and a windmill, claiming the houses had been used as a

military barracks Town Point Site

One mile SE of Tracey’s LandingFollow the ongoing research regarding Town Point

Site, Tracey’s Landing and Kirby’s Wind Mill Site - www losttownsproject org

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U.S. Chesapeake Flotilla being chased by the British

Photo Courtesy of the National Park Service, ©Richard Schlecht

Tracey’s Landing SiteHaving taken Town Point, the British proceeded up Herring Creek to the Tracey’s Landing Warehouse, which had earlier housed ammunition for Commodore Joshua Barney After defeating a second militia company, the British stole tobacco from the warehouse, and burned the building A scouting party traveled 5 miles North burning one home on the way By evening, the British retreated to their vessels Within 24 hours the U S Cavalry, under President Madison’s brother, General William Madison, posted a picket guard at Tracey’s Landing Tracey’s Landing Site - Historic Village and Deale Area Museum Herrington Harbour North - 389 Deale Road, Tracys Landing - www dahs us

Kirby’s Wind Mill SiteOn October 31, 1814 the British landed at Deep Creek, near present-day Shady Side, and proceeded to Kirby’s Wind Mill near today’s Franklin Point State Park Captain Burd of the U S Dragoons learned of the enemy’s position and attempted to prevent them from returning to their barges After a skirmish, Captain Burd was wounded in the hand and nearly captured; three other men were wounded and nine U S horses were killed Both sides took prisoners but the British were able to retreat with only minor losses Kirby’s Wind Mill SiteFive Miles NE of Tracey’s Landing

Sandy Point State ParkEnemy ships lying off of Sandy Point kept Annapolis in fear of attack before, during and after the Battle for Baltimore On December 18, 1814, twenty-one enslaved persons rowed out from the Sandy Point area to the HM frigate Menelaus and her sister ships to put slavery behind them They were not alone in taking this dangerous and brave action During the war upwards of 700 Maryland slaves sought freedom in this way Sandy Point State ParkRoute 50 East from Annapolis, Exit 32, last exit before the Bay Bridge

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Francis Scott KeyPhoto Courtesy of Maryland Historical Society, Item ID Number:1946.17.1

Francis Scott Key and The Star-Spangled Banner

American lawyer Francis Scott Key watched the bombardment of Fort McHenry from a truce ship among the British fleet in the Patapsco River The emotional sight of the American flag flying over the fort inspired Key to write the lyrics to a song first published under the title “The Defense of Fort McHenry ” Later re-titled “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the song became the United States’ national anthem by an act of Congress in 1931 Francis Scott Key spent his early years in Annapolis going to grammar school, college, and getting married there

St. John’s CollegeSt John’s College has a long, rich history dating back to the founding of our nation A grammar or prepatory school named after King William III, it was founded in Annapolis in 1696, one year after Maryland’s capital was moved here from St Mary’s City Ten year-old Francis Scott Key was among the grammar school students who participated in the college’s opening exercises in 1789 Key graduated from St John’s in 1796 and went on to practice law, first in Frederick, Maryland and later in Georgetown, near Washington, DC St. John’s College Campus 60 College Avenue, Annapolis www stjohnscollege edu

Chase-Lloyd HousePatriot, politician and future Declaration of Independence signer, Samuel Chase began building this Georgian mansion in 1769, but he could not afford to finish the house and sold it two years later to Edward Lloyd IV Edward Lloyd IV and his wife Elizabeth Tayloe Lloyd, had six daughters and one son Their youngest daughter, Mary Tayloe Lloyd, married the young lawyer Francis Scott Key in her family’s Annapolis home on January 19, 1802 Chase-Lloyd House22 Maryland Avenue, Annapolis - Open Monday–Saturday, 2pm - 4pm, seasonal

St. Anne’s Episcopal ChurchThe original St Anne’s (1704 – 1775) was the only church in Annapolis before the American Revolution It was the second church (1792 – 1858) in which Francis Scott Key worshiped while attending St John’s College in the 1790s That Church burned down in 1858 The present church dates from that time St. Anne’s Episcopal churchChurch Circle, Annapolis

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Mary Pickersgill, daughter, mother, nieces and servants sewed the 30 by 42 foot flag that would become the Star-Spangled Banner.

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Old Site of the Joseph Nicholson Home and Present USNA BandstandIn 1814 when Francis Scott Key wrote the lyrics to “The Defense of Fort McHenry,” his wife’s sister and brother-in-law, Joseph and Rebecca Lloyd Nicholson, lived in a house on this site The lyrics quickly became popular and were re-titled “The Star-Spangled Banner ” The Nicholsons preserved an original copy of the lyrics in their home After the house was removed to expand the Naval Academy, it was decided to place a bandstand close to the house site so that the Naval Academy Band could play “The Star-Spangled Banner” nearby This is the third bandstand on the site and dates from 1922 Joseph Nicholson Home Site and BandstandUS Naval Academy, Blake Road, Annapolis

Twin Oaks MansionCongressman John Charles Linthicum (1867-1932), who authored the bill in Congress proposing “The Star-Spangled Banner” as our national anthem, was born on his family farm in Linthicum, Anne Arundel County When in Congress, he lived at “Twin Oaks”, his county estate in Linthicum First introduced in 1918, the bill was finally adopted by Congress in 1930 and signed into law by President Herbert Hoover in 1931 Twin Oaks Mansion5910 Oak Twin Court, Linthicum Heights - (approach via Rte 170 to Twin Oak Road ) - Private Residence

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Joshua Barney was one of America’s the great Naval heroes. During the War of 1812 he was the Commodore of the U.S. Chesapeake flotilla that defended Maryland waters.

1909.2.1: Courtesy of the Maryland Historical Society

United States Naval Academy

During the War of 1812, the United States Navy matured, earning fame and glory from the exploits of its ships, officers, and crews The war made it clear that the young nation needed a strong Navy to protect American interests The legacy of the War of 1812 endures today at the United States Naval Academy in the daily training and education of the Brigade of Midshipmen, as well as in the physical objects from the war itself located throughout the campus that serve as inspiration and reminders of the past Gate 1 and 3: Photo I D required ages 18 and older Visitors under the age of 18 must be accompanied by an adult with a valid photo I D

Armel-Leftwich Visitor CenterOpen daily March-December, 9 a m -5 p m ; January-February, 9 a m -4 p m ; tour times vary, photo ID required for 18 and olderCome to the Visitor Center on the U S Naval Academy grounds to plan your tour of this National Historic Landmark district US Naval Academy 52 King George Street (Inside Gate 1), Annapolis - www usnabsd com/for-visitors Hours are Daily March-December, 9am - 5pm and Daily January-February 9am - 4pm

Mahan HallU S Navy Trophy Flag CollectionCongress in 1814 legislated that all flags captured from an enemy in war by the U S Navy would be preserved and sent to Washington, D C By order of the President this collection was relocated to the Naval Academy in 1849 as an educational and inspirational tool Twenty-five historic flags captured in the War of 1812 are shown in glass cases in Mahan Hall lobby and in the gallery of the auditorium, including the only captured Royal Standard US Naval AcademyMaryland Avenue Mondays & Saturdays 10am - 4pm Sundays 11am - 4pm

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US Naval Academy MuseumFounded as the Naval School Lyceum in 1845, this is among the nation’s oldest museums It contains two full floors of exhibitions with extensive coverage on the War of 1812 Among the artifacts, is the original battle flag with the famous words “Dont Give Up the Ship” used during the Battle of Lake Erie on September 10, 1813 Flanking the Museum entrance are two short cannons from the British warship H M frigate Cyane, captured by U S frigate Constitution, “Old Ironsides,” in February 1815 Cyane was repaired and taken into U S Navy service US Naval AcademyPreble Hall, 118 Maryland Avenue, (Inside Gate 3) Annapolis www usna edu/museumMondays and Saturdays 9am - 5pm, Sundays 11am - 5pm

HMS Macedonian MonumentErected in 1924, the monument includes the helmeted figurehead representing Alexander the Great and originally decorated the bow of the British warship H M frigate Macedonian On October 25, 1812, west of the Canary Islands, U S frigate United States, with Captain Stephen Decatur and crew, captured the British ship in a two and a half hour battle Its flag and figurehead were saved and preserved The ship itself was repaired and served as an American warship until 1835 The monument is displaying a replica figurehead The original wooden figurehead has been removed and is currently in conservation at the USNA MuseumUS Naval AcademyMaryland Avenue

HMS Confiance CannonThis gun tube was removed from the British flagship H M frigate Confiance during the Battle of Lake Champlain, which was fought on September 11, 1814 Early in that battle a cannon ball fired by the American flagship U S corvette Saratoga struck the muzzle of this cannon driving the gun backward with great force into Captain George Downie The blow killed him instantly The loss of the British leader helped bring victory to the American squadron in the hard-fought battle The captured ensign of the Confiance is displayed in Mahan Hall The dent made by the American cannon ball is still seen on the muzzle The building behind this cannon is named after Master Commandant Thomas Macdonough, who was commanding officer of the American squadron during the Battle of Plattsburgh on Lake Champlain, September 6-11, 1814 US Naval AcademyMacdonough Hall

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This map has been produced by the Anne Arundel County War of 1812 Bicentennial Commission in partnership with the Four Rivers Heritage Area, the Anne Arundel Economic Development Corporation, multiple historical, educational and arts-related organizations throughout the County, and the National Park Service’s Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail, www starspangledtrail net It is our hope by highlighting sites throughout Anne Arundel County related to the War of 1812 and the adoption of “The Star-Spangled Banner” as our National Anthem, we will keep the memory alive of this turning point in the history of the United States of America

This publication has been made possible by the support of the following additional sponsors:

The Ann Arrundell County Historical Society, Linthicum MD

The Arundel Federal Savings Bank, Glen Burnie, MD

The Bank of Glen Burnie, Glen Burnie, MD

Bay Country Rentals Baltimore, Glen Burnie, MD

Friends of Hancock’s Resolution, Pasadena, MD

Gable Signs and Graphics, Baltimore, Glen Burnie, MD

Pasadena Business Association, Pasadena, MD

Ms Cecilia Hayes, Private Sponsor

The principal contributors to this publication were: Heather Ersts, Marcia Lyons and Jim Morrison

This publication has been financed in part with State Funds from the Maryland Heritage Areas Authority, an instrumentality of the State of Maryland However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Maryland Heritage Areas Authority