1. The table below gives information about three fuels that can be used in cars.

� shows a substance is produced when the fuel burns. X shows a substance is not produced when the fuel burns.

(a) Which fuel, in the table, releases the least energy per kilogram (kg)? 1 mark

_________________________

(b) Some scientists say that if hydrogen is burned as a fuel there will be less pollution. From the information in the table, give one reason why there will be less pollution.

1 mark

______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

(c) Which of the three fuels in the table can be compressed into a small container?

1 mark

___________________________

(d) Which gas in the air is needed for fuels to burn? Tick the correct box.

1 mark

(e) Petrol and ethanol are both fuels. Petrol is made from oil. Scientists say that oil could run out in 100 years. In some countries people plant sugar cane and use it to make ethanol. Sugar cane will not run out. Explain why.

1 mark

________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

2. The drawing shows Mark’s house. He uses 3 methods to generate electricity.

(a) Draw a straight line from each of the two methods below to the main energy resource used to generate electricity. Draw only two lines.

2 marks

(b) The solar cells cannot work at night. Give the reason for this. 1 mark

_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________

(c) The wind turbine cannot generate electricity all the time. Give the reason for this.

1 mark

3. Meera used the Internet to find out about energy resources. The drawing below shows what Meera saw on her computer screen.

(a) Coal is a fossil fuel. Give the names of two other fossil fuels in the list on the screen.

_________________ and _________________

2 marks

(b) Wave energy is an example of a renewable energy resource.

From the list on the screen above choose two other renewable energy resources.

_________________ and _________________

2 marks

(c) Meera found out how wave energy can be used to generate electricity. She saw the diagram below on the Internet.

Each box below shows a stage in generating electricity.

On the lines below write the letters of the stages in the correct order. Two have been done for you.

___C___ _______ ___A___ _______ _______

2 marks

4. Jacquie has a mobile phone. Energy is stored in the battery of the phone. The drawing shows the battery being charged.

(a) Which energy transfer takes place in the battery as it is being charged? Tick the correct box.

1 mark

(b) When the battery is fully charged, Jacquie unplugs the phone. Which energy transfers take place when the mobile phone rings? Tick the correct box.

1 mark

5. The photograph shows some pupils in a log car on a theme-park ride.

The drawing below shows the ride. The letters A, B, C, D, E and F show different points along the track.

The car starts from A and travels to F, where it stops by hitting a bumper. At E the car enters a trench filled with water.

(a) At which two points does the car have no kinetic energy? Give the two correct letters.

2 marks

______ and ______

(b) At which point does the car have the most gravitational potential energy? Give the correct letter.

1 mark

______

(c) At which point does the car have some kinetic energy and the least gravitational potential energy? Give the correct letter.

1 mark

______

(d) The cars are not powered by a motor. What force causes the cars to move along the track from B to C?

1 mark

__________________________

(e) When a car splashes through the water at E, it slows down.

What force acts on the car to slow it down? 1 mark

__________________________

(f) Complete the sentence below by choosing from the following words.

3 marks

When the car hits the bumper at F, its ______________energy is transferred into ______________energy and ______________ energy.

6. The drawing below shows a solar panel fixed to the roof of a house in Britain.

Daniel measured the energy output from this solar panel during one day in June. The graph below shows his results.

(b) Why does the energy output from the solar panel vary during the day? 1 mark

_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

(c) Daniel used the solar panel to run a motor.

The motor needs 0.7 kJ/s to run at full speed. Use the graph to find how long Daniel’s motor would run at full speed.

1 mark

_______ hours

Daniel measured the energy output from a different solar panel. This type of solar panel turns so that it always faces the Sun.

The graph below shows the energy output for this panel during one day in mid-summer.

(d) On the graph above draw another curve to show how the energy output for this solar panel might vary on a day in mid-winter.

1 mark

(e) Between 7am and 7pm the solar panel turns through an angle of 180°. Calculate the angle the solar panel turns through each hour.

1 mark

________________ degrees

7. The drawing below shows a garden water feature. It is solar-powered.

The solar cell absorbs energy from the Sun. The solar cell is connected to a motor in the bowl. The motor drives a pump. Water is pumped up to the jug and it flows back down to the bowl.

(a) Use the information above to help you to complete the following

sentences. Choose words from the list.

4 marks

The useful energy change in the solar cell is from light to ____________________ energy. The useful energy change in the motor is from electrical energy to ____________________ energy.

As the water flows from the jug to the bowl ____________________

energy is changed into ____________________ energy.

(b) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a solar cell to power the water feature.

2 marks

advantage _______________________________________________

________________________________________________________

disadvantage _____________________________________________

________________________________________________________

8. The tides can be used to generate electricity. A dam is built across a river estuary, as shown below.

dam

turbine spinsto generateelectricity

water level

water flow

sea bedsea bed

water level

(a) The water is higher on one side of the dam than on the other. As the water begins to flow through the dam it turns a turbine. The turbine generates electricity.

Describe the useful energy changes which take place in this process.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

2 marks

(b) Explain why tides are classified as a renewable energy source.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

1 mark

(c) Give one way, other than from the tides, of generating electricity by

using the sea.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

1 mark

(d) Apart from cost, give one advantage and one disadvantage of an oil-fired power station compared with a tidal power station.

advantage _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________

disadvantage ___________________________________________

______________________________________________________

2 marks

9. Complete the energy transfer diagrams for the following

(a) A battery operated radio 3 marks

(b) A clockwork toy car

2 marks

(c) An apple falling from a tree

3 marks

____________ energy ( in the battery )

____________ energy ( in the wires)

_____________energy ( from the speaker )

____________ energy ( in the spring )

____________ energy ( of falling apple )

____________ energy ( of apple in tree )

____________ energy ( of the car )

____________ energy ( as apple hits ground )