1. The epipelagic (photic) zone is found between ___.

a. 0 and 200 metersb. 200 and 1000 metersc. 1000 and 4000 metersd. 4000 meters and the bottom

1. The epipelagic zone is found between ___.

a. 0 and 200 metersb. 200 and 1000 metersc. 1000 and 4000 metersd. 4000 meters and the bottom

2. Energy transfer from one level of a trophic pyramid to another is about ___ .

• a. 10%• b. 20%• c. 50%• d. 90%

2. Energy transfer from one level of a trophic pyramid to another is about ___ .

• a. 10%• b. 20%• c. 50%• d. 90%

3. What color light penetrates to the greatest depths?

• A. violet• B. red• C. blue-green• D. yellow

3. What color light penetrates to the greatest depths?

• A. violet• B. red• C. blue-green• D. yellow

4. Most of the surface area of the worlds’ oceans is ___.

• A. characterized by upwelling• B. full of plants and animals• C. high in nutrients• D. low in plants and animals

4. Most of the surface area of the worlds’ oceans is ___.

• A. characterized by upwelling• B. full of plants and animals• C. high in nutrients• D. low in plants and animals

5. The spring bloom is caused by ___.

• A. increased light• B. high nutrient levels• C. low mortality by zooplankton• D. increasing temperature• E. all of the above

5. The spring bloom is caused by ___.

• A. increased light• B. high nutrient levels• C. low mortality by zooplankton• D. increasing temperature• E. all of the above

3. Why does the strengthening of the thermocline affect the spring bloom?

• A. it causes vertical stability in the water column

• B. it reduces the vertical influx of nutrients into the upper water column

• C. the surface waters become warmer• D. all of the above

3. Why does the strengthening of the thermocline affect the spring bloom?

• A. it causes vertical stability in the water column

• B. it reduces the vertical influx of nutrients into the upper water column

• C. the surface waters become warmer• D. all of the above

4. Most zooplankton are ____.• A. small animals that live in the water

column• B. animals that swim wherever they want

to go• C. animals that live in the upper 200

meters day and night• D. animals that live mainly below 200

meters day and night

4. Most zooplankton are ____.• A. small animals that live in the water

column• B. animals that swim wherever they want

to go• C. animals that live in the upper 200

meters day and night• D. animals that live mainly below 200

meters day and night

5. Bioluminescence is used by deeper living animals _____ .

• A. to distract predators• B. all of these• C. to lure prey • D. to camouflage their bodies from predators• E. to signal to other members of a school

5. Bioluminescence is used by deeper living animals _____ .

• A. to distract predators• B. all of these• C. to lure prey • D. to camouflage their bodies from predators• E. to signal to other members of a school

1. Echolocation is something used by some marine mammals to do what?

a. detect ocean currentsb. as an aid in feedingc. to allow satellite tracking of their

migration patterns

1. Echolocation is something used by some marine mammals to do what?

a. detect ocean currentsb. as an aid in feedingc. to allow satellite tracking of their

migration patterns

2. In the open ocean, feeding aggregations of predators can include all of the following

except .a. tunab. dolphinsc. sealsd. whalese. none of these

2. In the open ocean, feeding aggregations of predators can include all of the following

except .a. tunab. dolphinsc. sealsd. whalese. none of these

3. Some bathypelagic fishes have adapted to their environment by _____ .

a. having thick, pressure-resistant skin

b. being transparentc. being able to swallow large preyd. being neutrally buoyante. all of these

3. Some bathypelagic fishes have adapted to their environment by _____ .

a. having thick, pressure-resistant skin

b. being transparentc. being able to swallow large preyd. being neutrally buoyante. all of these

5. There are about as many fish per cubic meter at 3000 meters as there are in the upper 100 meters of the oceanic zone.

a.TRUEb.FALSE

5. There are about as many fish per cubic meter at 3000 meters as there are in the upper 100 meters of the oceanic zone.

a.TRUEb.FALSE

1. If you were a bathypelagic fish and used bioluminescent "headlights" to find prey, what color of light would be most effective at close range?

a. blue-greenb. yellowc. violetd. red

1. If you were a bathypelagic fish and used bioluminescent "headlights" to find prey, what color of light would be most effective at close range?

a. blue-greenb. yellowc. violetd. red

2. Barnacles show which type of living strategy?

a. attachedb. free livingc. burrowing

2. Barnacles show which type of living strategy?

a. attachedb. free livingc. burrowing

3. The most common substrate in a high wave energy environment is .

a. sandb. rockc. mudd. clay

3. The most common substrate in a high wave energy environment is .

a. sandb. rockc. mudd. clay

4. In most of the benthic environment, organisms ___ .

.a. live with lots of lightb. live with limited amounts of lightc. live in complete darkness

4. In most of the benthic environment, organisms ___ .

.a. live with lots of lightb. live with limited amounts of lightc. live in complete darkness

5. Which of these statements is NOT true?

a. Most of the deep-sea floor consists of soft sediments

b. Most deep-sea benthic organisms are deposit feeders

c. Kelp plants grow attached to exposed lava along mid-ocean spreading centers

d. Sea urchings and brittle stars are very common deep-sea benthic organisms

5. Which of these statements is NOT true?

a. Most of the deep-sea floor consists of soft sediments

b. Most deep-sea benthic organisms are deposit feeders

c. Kelp plants grow attached to exposed lava along mid-ocean spreading centers

d. Sea urchings and brittle stars are very common deep-sea benthic organisms

1.Primary producers in hydrothermal vent communities are ______.

a. zooxanthellaeb. algaec. sulfur-oxidizing bacteriad. eyeless shrimp

1.Primary producers in hydrothermal vent communities are ______.

a. zooxanthellaeb. algaec. sulfur-oxidizing bacteriad. eyeless shrimp

2. Vent communities similar to hydrothermal vent communities are found in what type of setting?

a. intertidal mudflatsb. estuariesc. abyssal plainsd. trenchese. oil and gas seeps

2. Vent communities similar to hydrothermal vent communities are found in what type of setting?

a. intertidal mudflatsb. estuariesc. abyssal plainsd. trenchese. oil and gas seeps

3.The group of fish species that contribute the most to the annual catch are _____.

a. tunas, bonitos, billfishesb. molluscs - squid, octopods, mussels, clams, scallopsc. cods, hakes, haddocksd. herring, sardines, anchovies

3.The group of fish species that contribute the most to the annual catch are _____.

a. tunas, bonitos, billfishesb. molluscs - squid, octopods, mussels, clams, scallopsc. cods, hakes, haddocksd. herring, sardines, anchovies

4.By-catch in marine fisheries is ?

a. the inedible portion of the catchb. species caught incidentally with a targeted speciesc. all of thesed. mostly dead non-targeted individuals that are

thrown backe. none of these

4.By-catch in marine fisheries is ?

a. the inedible portion of the catchb. species caught incidentally with a targeted speciesc. all of thesed. mostly dead non-targeted individuals that are

thrown backe. none of these

5. Which of these statements is NOT true?

a. Vent communities are not photosyntheticallybased

b. Most deep-sea (>1,000 m) bottom fishes are scavengers

c. Most pelagic fish stocks are under unprecedentedstress due to overfishing

d. Habitat destruction is not a serious problemin bottom trawling fisheries

5. Which of these statements is NOT true?

a. Vent communities are not photosyntheticallybased

b. Most deep-sea (>1,000 m) bottom fishes are scavengers

c. Most pelagic fish stocks are under unprecedentedstress due to overfishing

d. Habitat destruction is not a serious problemin bottom trawling fisheries