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POPULAR CULTURE IN THE RENAISSANCE
A Prismatic Perceptions ProjectRobin MedeirosLast update 11.9.00
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POPULAR CULTURE IN THE RENAISSANCE
Purpose Definitions of
culture
Art Dance Fashion Festivals
Literature Music Recreation Religion Theatre
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PURPOSE The purposes of this project are to:
Provide students with a model for thesis statements, outlines, research papers, and the MLA citation format (parenthetical and works cited).
Consider definitions of Popular Culture Discuss various modes of Popular
Culture in the Renaissance
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THESIS STATEMENT
The study of popular culture is a 20th Century phenomenon. However by examining popular culture in the Renaissance, we can achieve a greater understanding of this historical period, as well as those who lived during this time.
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CONCEPTS OF CULTURE
Definition of terms (Storey) What is culture? High culture Low culture Popular culture
NOTE: Provide examples
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FASHION
Clothing (Annenberg/CPB) Discuss requirements, benefits,
and issues of using new procedures
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LITERACY Great number of ordinary people had
some knowledge of book learning The world of work—seaman, merchants and
agents of landlords jobs required regular compilation or consultation of lists must know alphabet; possess rudiments of mathematics
Richard II (1391) Decreed any parent in the kingdom was free to
send their child to school, if they could find one Formal education
(Chamberlain)
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HISTORY OF THE WRITTEN WORD
Handwritten manuscripts Army of copiers (scriptorium) at centers of
learning; at each great court; monasteries Reproduction without plan Materials (parchment, vellum)
Due to cost, require recycling Vellum scraped down written over (palimpsest) Manuscripts lost forever
Archimedes palimpsest (Noel et al.)
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HISTORY OFTHE WRITTEN WORD
Problems Error through ignorance or negligence would
multiply with successive editions of the work “Establishing of the correct text” becomes a major
problem Demand for great works (e.g. The Bible) ensured
their continued existence Lesser known works
Fewer copies/ Lack of interest Disappear for years, if not forever As a result, people continued to struggle with
problems which had already been solved in different places and times
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HISTORY OFTHE WRITTEN WORD
Origins of Printing (Chamberlain) Opened channels of communication Work of the few swiftly available to the many Gutenberg (Rubenstein)
The development of movable type 1462--Civil War broke out in Maintz
Established printers settle throughout Europe 1476--William Caxton established England’s
first printing press Earliest use print indulgences
(Chamberlain)
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LITERATUREWRITTEN TRADITION
Montaigne’s “poesie populaire” Ballads (Legends)
Chanson du Roland Orlando Furioso (Online Medieval &
Classical Library) (Bullfinch’s Mythology)
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LITERATUREWRITTEN TRADITION
Established Genres Fabliaux (Harvard College) Romance
Morte D’Arthur (Legends)
English folk songs Corpus Christi Carol
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LITERATUREWRITTEN TRADITION--
PLAYS Development of the vernacular
drama Mystery Plays (Harvard College)
Full-text—Twycross Four surviving cycles Present the whole history of Mankind
from the beginning to the Last Judgment Selection of biblical episodes Center on the life and Passion of Christ
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LITERATUREWRITTEN TRADITION--
PLAYS Mystery Plays
Written by local clerics—uneven quality Joint ecclesiastical and municipal
enterprises The Wakefield Master is recognized as
the best author— 2 Shepherds play Part of the Wakefield Cycle (Britannica.com)
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LITERATUREWRITTEN TRADITION--
PLAYS Morality Plays
Allegorical dramas Subject not biblical history but “the life history
of an individual as typical ‘Humanism Genus’ or ‘Everyman’ (The Oxford Illustrated History of English Literature)
Two surviving examples Castle of Perservance--early 15th Century Everyman--translated from the Dutch, early 16th
Century (Luminarium)
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RELIGION High-level overview of progress
against schedule On-track in what areas Behind in what areas Ahead in what areas
Unexpected delays or issues