1 - Overview WS2k8 - Part 1

8/4/2019 1 - Overview WS2k8 - Part 1

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Windows Server 2008

OverviewTran Hong Ngoc

([email protected])

@Fit.US.HCMC/2011



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Content What is NOS?

Origins of WS2k8 Windows Server 2008

WS2k8 & Client’s Activities



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What is NOS? NOS = N etwork O perating S ystem

Families of OS: Desktop

Server

Server OS lines: Macintosh OSX

Microsoft Windows Server

Novell Netware

UNIX



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What is NOS? OS, such as Windows, that are designed for single users to control

one computer.

NOSs coordinate the activities of multiple computers across anetwork. NOS acts as a director to keep the network runningsmoothly.

The two major types of network operating systems are:Peer-to-Peer Client/Server



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Origins of WS2k8 Percentage of Windows OS usage in the world:

Desktop: ~97%

Server: >50%

Origins

MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System)

Initial release in 1981 (written by Tim Peterson) PC-DOS (IBM)

MS-DOS (Tandy, Compaq)

5/1982, MS-DOS 1.25 shipped

Support for subdirectories and hard drives (2.0) Support for hard disk partitions up to 32MB (3.0)

Microsoft networking (3.1)

Support for 3.5 inch, 720KB floppy disk drivers (3.2)

Support for QBASIC programming language (5.0)



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Origins of WS2k8 Win 1.0: Nov 1985

Win 2.0: 1987 Support for Intel 8086 and 8080 micro processors

1MB RAM

Win 3.0, ran on top of the MS-DOS: May 1990

achieved broad commercial success

Program Manager and File Manager, 16MB RAM

Win 3.1: April 1992

True type fonts, multimedia P2P networking

Win 3.11:

P2P networking and domains



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Origins of WS2k8 Win 95 (Aug 1995):

run on DOS 7.0 supporting long name file and booting from cdrom tohardware

included new plug-and-play technologies

Win 95B, Win 98 (Jun 1998): run on DOS 7.1 which supports FAT32

Win 98: IE4.0, graphics card, USB, DVD, FAT32 Win 98SE: IE5.0, better multimedia, ICS (Internet connection sharing)

Win Me (Mellennium) (Dec 2000): run on DOS 8.0, support forMultimedia

The last version based on Win95/DOS

OS/2 (1984): joint development by Microsoft & IBM createdmultitasking OS using 80286 processor

OS/2 (3.0) running on 80386 processor



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Origins of Windows OS Microsoft and IBM seperated OS/2 (3.0) was renamed

WNT (Windows New Technology) (Jul 1993) a 32-bit hardware independent software

running on 386, 486

the first server OS

first time Win was not based on DOS

Microsoft & 3Com to develop the LAN Manager NOS usedNetBEUI protocol

Lan Manager has nonroutable nature TCP/IP is the superiorchoice

Lan manager 2.2 stopped when WinNT was released



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Origins of Windows OS WNT 3.1

Workstation: WNT 3.1

support for multiple hardware platforms

win32 application programming interface Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)

built-in networking, domain security, subsystems for OS/2, POSIXsupport

New Technology File System (NTFS)

WNT 3.1 Advanced Server

RAID 0, 1, 5 (RAID = Redundant Array of Independent Disks)

support Microsoft networks, Novell NetWare, Banyan VINES SQL Server, mail solutions,and communication server products such

as Microsoft SNA Server

the Windows domain model provided a centralized security database

single-logon capability to access all resources in the enterprise.



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Origins of Windows OS WNT 3.5 (Server and Workstation)

Released 1994

Performance enhanced, faster NetWare and UNIX environments

Support upgraded Remote Access Service (RAS)

WNT 3.51 (1995)

Last version to use the Windows 3.1 Program Manager–typeinterface

WNT 4.0 (1996) WNT 4.0 Workstation and WNT 4.0 Server: used Windows 95–style

Start menu interface, Windows Explorer WNT 4.0 Server Enterprise (1996): Cluster Server, Windows NT Load

Balancing Service (WLBS) (32 servers)

Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server (1998): support terminals and terminalemulators, to remotely connect to the server and run 32-bit applications

and a full desktop environment via the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).



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Origins of Windows OS Win 2000

Windows 2000 Professional (workstation): IE 5.01, improved

network (wire and wireless), infrared support Windows 2000 Server: Active Directory (centralized accounts

and management), replaced LAN Manager Authentication withKerberos

Support Microsoft Management Console (MMC) was a GUI shell NTFS 5.0 (quota, encryption) 3 server versions:

Windows 2000 Server (the base version)

Windows 2000 Advanced Server (support for additionprocessors and memory and supported clusters)

Windows 2000 Datacenter Server (support for largeamounts of memory and CPUs)



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Origins of Windows OS Win XP (2001)

Built on the Windows 2000 code base.

Windows XP Home Edition: Targeted toward the home user not ina domain environment

Windows XP Professional: Targeted toward power and business

Encrypting File System (EFS) was available in XP Professional butnot in the Home Edition

Updated user interface: Luna theme

Could use two processors

the first 64-bit client OS 2002, Windows XP Media Center Edition

Windows XP for Tablet PC included built-in handwritingrecognition and pen support



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Origins of Windows OS WS2k3 (WNT 5.2)



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Origins of Windows OS 8 new features of WS2k3

The Microsoft .NET Framework became a core part of the OS. New Active Directory features, added domain controllers

IIS 6.0

Updated Terminal Services: access to and control of the server

console via the /console switch of the mstsc application

Virtual Disk Service (VDS): single interface

Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS): time to check data

The visual style of Windows XP but disabled it by default. WS2k3 R2



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Origins of Windows OS

Microsoft promised new OS every two years



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Origins of Windows OS Wins Vista

Redirection technologies: file system and registry New BitLocker technology (encrypts entire drives)

Much faster installation time

A separate image for each HAL type is no longer necessary



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Windows Server 2008 At the end of 2007, Microsoft released Windows Server 2008

New features Network Access Protection (NAP): requests a statement of

health (SoH) from each connecting machine, and checks the SoHagainst health policies for the network. If the connecting machine does

not meet the network health level, Windows Server quarantines it and,optionally, sends updates to bring it up to required health levels.

Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.0: integrates with Windows

Communication Foundation (WCF), Windows SharePoint Services, and

Web Services. IIS is highly componentized, allowing the installation ofspecific modules, and is managed via an IIS Manager interface.



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Windows Server 2008 Initial Configuration Tasks (ICT): ICT shortens the time

between installation and enterprise use by giving administrators amore intuitive interface for the initial configuration of items. ICTabsorbs the Post-Setup Security Updates (PSSU) stage thatWindows 2003 SP1 introduced. ICT locks down a server until the

latest fixes are applied and the firewall is configured Server Manager MMC snap-in: This snap-in gives a single

portal to view and administers nearly all information relating to aserver’s production health and functionality status.

Windows PowerShell: the standard foundation for most future

Microsoft service technologies



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Windows Server 2008 Server Core

Server Core is a minimal server installation option forcomputers running on the Windows Server 2008 operatingsystem or later. Server Core provides a low-maintenance server environment

with limited functionality.

only the services and components needed for thesupported server functions are installed

the command prompt is the default interface for a servercore’s management

a server core installation requires only about 1GB of diskspace for the OS components



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Windows Server 2008 Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC)

Terminal Services (TS) allows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) traffic to be sent over

encrypted HTTP

Locally on remote clients

Eeb-based Windows Deployment Services

Network-based doing

NTFS: Self-heal in volumn corruption, not chkdsk.exe execution

Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)

Failover clustering



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Windows Server 2008

Different Capabilities and Resource Constraints of Different Editions of Windows Server 2008



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WS2k8 & Client’s Activities Data Storage and Printing



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WS2k8 & Client’s Activities



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WS2k8 & Client’s Activities Networking Services of Windows Server 2008

Documents

1 - Overview WS2k8 - Part 1