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Encoding and Retrieving
Long-Term Memory
Grocery List to be memorized
1. Milk2. Bread3. Eggs4. Cheese5. Toothpaste6. Saffron Spice7. Iodine8. Noodles9. Razors10.Arugula
11.Sour Cream12.Ice Cream13.Lettuce14.Tomatoes15.Chicken16.Pepper17.Green Tea18.Roach Traps19.Matches20.Orange Juice
What are the basic ways that memory is encoded/retrieved?
1. Emotional Connection
1. Emotional Connection
Requires no strategies, but lasting memories are usually created though an emotional connection with event. INTRINSIC INTEREST
Example: National tragedies – Pearl Harbor, Challenger explosion, tsunami, 9/11 - where were you?
OR Personal experiences – what if grocery list represented all the food left in the world? OR what if all of them made you sick at one time? OR what if all were your favorite foods!
2. Repetition/Rote Strategies
2. Rehearsal
Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat
3. Elaboration StrategiesAssociation
(Mnemonics)
Loci Method
Look around the place that you will be doing your learning and associate objects in the place to the material to be learned
Peg-type Method
Using a memorized pre-existing list to associate with one to be learned
Acronym
Using letters to associate with the material to be learned.
M, B, E, C, T, S, I N, A, R(brim insect) or….My boy eats candy tacos in a room
Concept Mapping
Place objects with higher concepts (Chunking) and/or connect by mappingDairy
MilkMilkEggsCheese
BreadMatches
Veggies
ArugulaLettuceTomatoes
4. SLEEP
4. Sleep
Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z,