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ITU Regional Seminar ‘Transition to Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting and Digital Dividend’ Budapest, 06 November 2012
HDTV and beyond
Elena [email protected]
(Material provided by Hans Hoffman)
European Broadcasting Union
80+ active Members from 56 countries
40 associate Members around the world
470+ TV channels and 900+ radio channels
195 mil TV households and 600+ mil viewers every week
More than 60 mil people visit EBU Members’ web services every day
www.ebu.ch tech.ebu.ch
Association of public service media organisations
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Definition of HDTV
ITU-R BT. 709:„ A high definition system is a system designed to allow viewing at about three times the picture height, such that the system is virtually, or nearly, transparent to the quality orportrayal that would have been perceived in the original sceneor performance by a discerning viewer with normal visual acuity.“
3h viewing distance
h
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Why and how to migrate to HDTV
• HDTV offers a new experience of audiovisual content – increased perception of reality
• Flat panel displays are available at affordable prices – SDTV pictures do not have an acceptable quality in flat panel displays
• Consumer compares with HD-DVD or Blue Rays and moves to broadcasters providing high quality content – Competition!
Countries with good economic situation have already migrated or have already planned to do so in coming few years.
Migration to HDTV is unavoidable
• Both production (studios) and distribution parts are to be migrated• In production, it is recommended to start by the studios and do
news room at a later stage• Upconverted HDTV (from SDTV) should only be the exception
(archives)• Once you have HDTV content, start migrating in distribution
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What does HDTV require?
In production:
In distribution:
In the home:
A new video compression format (HDTV requires more bandwidth) - Spectrum requirement!)
An HDTV display and a HDTV set top box (if not integrated in the display) – Investment!
MPEG-4 H.264
HEVC (H.265)DVB-T?DVB-T2?
New HDTV equipment (cameras, infrastructures, etc.) – Investment!
New production workflows
HDTV formats (1)
720p/50 and 1080i/25 are the most used
Difference in the spatial resolution (number of pixels)
HDTV formats (2)
720p/50 and 1080i/25 are the most usedDifference in the temporal resolution (number of frames
per second)
half frames (fields) transmitted per second containing only 540 lines
50 full frames (fields) transmitted per second containing 720 lines
720p/50 offers double the number of full frames per second than 1080i/25: detailed motion rendition and increased sharpness of moving scenes
Full HDTV1080p/50 is an evolutionary technology:- Uses good spatial resolution of 1080i/25- Uses the good temporal resolution of 720p/50
butUncompresed bit rate is double of 1080i/25 – it requires 3G SDI
infraestructures
Full HDTV – Status 1080p/50
In production:- 1080p/50 is an mature and fully standarised technology- Broadcasters deployment today is very limited- Equipment is still expensive- It requires higher bit rate thus more storage and network loads
In distribution and in the home:- With H.264/AVC coding similar bit rates than 1920x1080i/25 will
be required, in future with HEVC less bit rate than today’s HDTV- almost all new flat panel displays with HDMI 1.3 interfaces and the
HDTV 1080p label can display 1080p/50- Increased image quality perceived only with larger screen sizes or
shorter viewing distances- Minority of set-top-boxes are able to decode 1080p/50
Spectrum requirements for HDTV
Suggested data rate for one programme, for different formats, using H.264/AVC source coding (estimated in a few years time):
Format Source codingVideo data rate
(Mbit/s)
Programme associated data
(Mbit/s)
Total data rate for one
programme (Mbit/s)
SD H.264/AVC 1.80 0.85 2.65
HD – 720p/50 H.264/AVC 7.00 0.85 7.85
HD – 1080i/25 H.264/AVC 7.50 0.85 8.35
HD -1080p/50 H.264/AVC 10 0.85 10.85
Number of programmes per multiplex
Fixed MFN DVB‑T2 Fixed SFN DVB‑T2 Portable SFN DVB‑T2
SD H.264/AVC 18 16 12
HD – 720p/50 H.264/AVC 6 5 3
HD – 1080i/25 H.264/AVC 5 5 3
HD – 1080p/50 H.264/AVC 4 3 2
Number of programmes per multiplex for a fixed MFN, Fixed SFN and portable SFN mode with DVB T2 and statistical multiplexing (codec performances in a few years time):
Beyond HDTV
Beyond HD ?
2D
3D
1080p/50
UHD-1
UHD-2
Frame Compatible
Service Compatible
12
1920
1080
HDTV – Television Frame Rates, 50/60
13
3840
2160
UHD-1 – Television Frame Rates, 50,60, 120 Hz
14
4096
2160
4k – Digital Cinema Frame Rates 24, 48,
15
7680
4320
UHD-2 – Television Frame Rates, 50,60, 120 Hz
- 4K screen will come into the market. Production not ready yet
- 8K UHDTV systems are expected to start 2017-2020 in Korea and Japan
USE THE FOOTER FOR THE PRESENTATION TITLE 16
Beyond HDTV - Status
‘‘ The staircase to quality heaven...’’
1990s 2004 ….2016….2011 …202x
DIGITALStandard TV625 –lines
DIGITALStandard TV625 –lines
Legacy HDTV1080i/25 &
720p50Stereo 3DTV
two ½ HD images
Legacy HDTV1080i/25 &
720p50Stereo 3DTV
two ½ HD images
Transitionanalogue to digital
TransitionSDTV to HDTV HD
Master Format
1080p/50Progressive
3DTVTwo normal
HDTV images
HDMaster Format
1080p/50Progressive
3DTVTwo normal
HDTV images
Transitionto 1080p/50
(full HD) 4kProgressive
Higher Frame rate?
More colours?
3DTVTwo normal
HDTV images
4kProgressive
Higher Frame rate?
More colours?
3DTVTwo normal
HDTV images
4k(Ultra HD1)
8k Ultra HDTV
ProgressiveHigher Frame
rate?More colours?
Higher Contrast?
3DTVMultiview
8k Ultra HDTV
ProgressiveHigher Frame
rate?More colours?
Higher Contrast?
3DTVMultiview
8k (16 x HDUltra HD 2)
Imm
ersi
ve Q
ualit
y
?
?
Starting HDTV: Decisions to be made
What HDTV format in production?720p/50 or 1080i/25 now1080p/50 in near future
What format for sound?multichannel (surround sound) audio
What infrastructure for real time?HD-SDI or 3G-SDI (1080p/50 future proof)File based production
What distribution format? 720p/50 or 1080i/25 (EBU recommended 720p/50)
What distribution coding?MPEG-4 H.264
What distribution platform?Start satellite then cable, DVB-T/T2, IP
EBU documentation
RecommendationsEBU Statement R112 – 2004
Strategic documentsHDTV in Europe from 2009
Technical DocumentsTech Report 005: Information Paper on HDTV FormatsTech 3299: HDTV Production FormatsHD Studio Video Compression: EBU BPN 76-81 seriesHD Distribution codec tests: EBU BPN 85..87 seriesTech Report 003: Advice on HD infrastructureTech 3333: HDTV Receiver GuidelinesTech Report 010: 3DTVTech Report 014: what follows HDTV
Thank you for your attention!
Elena PuigrefagutE-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.ebu.ch tech.ebu.ch
