Upload
pierce-caldwell
View
220
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
Introduce Linux
Speaker: Yi-Ji JhengDate: 2007.09.26
Outline
Introduce Linux
Install Linux on Vmware
Common software
Linux commands and Practice
2
INTRODUCE LINUX
3
History Linus Torvalds make a Minix (Mini Unix) kernel
Just only 10000 row of codes for C
Richard Stallman bring up GNU plan Open source Free Unix-like
GNU/Linux Linux Kernel + many modules
4
Use
Server MySql + PHP + Apache
Embedded system STB (Set Top Box)
Super Computer 75% (Top 500 on the world)
Game Sony PlayStation 3 Microsoft XBOX
5
Linux Kernel
Linux Kernel version format Linux-a.b.c
a kernel version b odd : test
even : stable c number of bug fix
Common, Linux-2.4.x and Linux-2.6.x
6
Linux distribution
Redhat 9 Linux-2.4.x Fedora 1 Linux-2.4.x Fedora 2~ Linux-2.6.x Debian more app. (15940) Trustix more safe and
stable Knoppix LiveCD
7
Other
It’s not must on Linux, because Source code can change
Find Linux distribution or modules 義守大學檔案伺服器 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/
Good Web Site 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜
http://linux.vbird.org/8
INSTALL LINUX ON VMWARE
9
Vmware
Use software (VMware ESX Server) to“virtualize”the hardware resources
Including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller
To create a virtual machine that can run its own operating system
and applications just like a “real” computer
10
Install Linux
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Mainly, press the “Next” forever
We’ll point out options that need to setup below
24
25
26
27
28
Because it’ll be “Host Linux”, we only select below
Development Tools Editors
29
30
31
32
33
setup
all sevice close, only network and sshd
34
COMMON SOFTWARE
35
Pietty
Use SSH ( Secure Shell ) protocol Allows data to be exchanged over a
secure channel between two computers
Why use it? Convenient for In/Out Vmware console Good copy way
http://ntu.csie.org/~piaip/pietty/36
37
38
Winscp
Support SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Good way to transmission data between Windows and Linux
http://winscp.net/eng/docs/lang:cht
39
40
41
LINUX COMMANDS AND PRACTICE
42
Linux Command Format
Command [–options] [param1] [param2] …
Short option use “-” Long option use “--”
Ex. dmesg gcc –v gcc ––help cp file1 file2
43
File management
ls list ls –al
chmod change authority
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Sep 25 12:12 123.log
44
d : directoryl : soft-link- : filec : char deviceb : block device
owner
group
other
r w x222120
Ex. Chmod 755 file
-rwxr-xr-x
rmdir remove directory mkdir make directory cp copy
cp from to mv move or rename
Move from to cd change directory
cd <absolute or relative path> cd – cd ..
45
find -name find file find <where> –name <filename>
grep find string dmesg | grep CPU
cat print to stdout file print file info. touch change file’s timestamp make a file
46
rm remove rm –rf <file or directory>
man command manual tar uncompress or compress
tar zxvf file.tar.gz tar zcvf backup.tar.gz /root tar jxvf file.tar.bz2
ln soft-link ln –s <file> <link_name>
47
Network
route setup or print route rule
ping ping -c 4 www.google.com.tw
ifconfig setup or print network Ifconfig eth0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
48
System
reboot shutdown –r
shutdown shutdown -h now
ps print process ps aux
kill terminate process kill <PID> killall <service_name>
49
uname show system info. uname –r uname –a
Free memory allocate state sync store memory buf. to disk
50
Vi Editor
vi filename
51
Visual Mode
yy copy a row
p paste a row
dd delete a row
52
Insert Mode
Input what you want
53
Command Mode
:wq save file and quit
:q! un-save and quit
:100 jump to 100th row
/<key> find [key] in this file press “n” to “Next”
54
Tips
Tab Command complement File complement
Up/Down Record command history
` <action> ` First to do Ex. ifconfig `cat net.conf`
net.conf eth0 x.x.x.x
55
First program - Hello World ~!
touch test.c vi test.c
Main (normal vs prototype)
gcc test.c –o test file test ldd test strip test gcc ––static test.c –o test
56