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IntelliDriveSM Connectivity − the Future of Surface Transportation

June 7, 2010AASHTO

Subcommittee on Highway TransportKate Hartman

Research and Innovative Technology AdministrationU.S. Department of Transportation

Why IntelliDriveSM?

Safety• 37,000 highway deaths/year• 5.8 million crashes/year • Leading cause of death for ages 4 to 34

Mobility• 4.2 billion hours of travel

delay• $87.2 billion cost of urban

congestionEnvironment• 2.8 billion gallons of wasted

fuel• ↓Emissions ↓Greenhouse

Gases ↓ Particulates

IntelliDrive Concept

Networked Environment

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Intersection Colision Avoidance

IntelliDrive Benefits

Dramatically Reduced Fatalities and Injuries

• Greater situational awareness– Your vehicle can “see”

nearby vehicles and knows roadway conditions you can’t see.

• Reduce or even eliminate crashes through– Driver Advisories;– Driver Warnings;– Vehicle Control.

IntelliDrive has the potential to address 82% of the vehicle crash scenarios involving

unimpaired drivers.

IntelliDrive SM Benefits

Increased Mobility and Environmental Stewardship

• Information-rich environment benefits users and operators of all travel modes.– Travelers have real-time information

on rerouting or “modal shift” options.– System operators have real-time data

to enable better system operations for optimal performance.

– Planners can use data to address system-wide issues.

• Environmental benefits– Reduced stopping/starting at traffic

signals which consumes 3-5 times more fuel than constant driving.

– Nav systems with real time information can reduce fuel consumption by 10.5% over systems without real time traffic data.

Latency vs. Communications Technologies For IntelliDrive

Lat

ency

(in

sec

onds

)

Active Safety Latency Requirements (secs)

Traffic Signal Violation Warning 0.1

Curve Speed Warning 1.0

Emergency Electronic Brake Lights 0.1

Pre-Crash Sensing 0.02

Cooperative Forward Collision Warning 0.1

Left Turn Assistant 0.1

Lane Change Warning 0.1

Stop Sign Movement Assistance 0.1

Most Stringent latency requirement for Active Safety

(.02 sec)

Note: Y-axis not to scale for illustration purposes

Least stringent latency requirement for Active Safety

( 1 sec)

Data source: Vehicle Safety Communications Project – Final Report

Communications Technologies

.02

5.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

10

20

40

60

4.0WiFi 802.11(3 - 5 secs)

Terrestrial Digital Radio &Satellite Digital Audio Radio

(10 - 20 secs)

WiMax(1.5 - 3.5 secs)

Bluetooth(3 - 4 secs)

Two-Way Satellite(60+ secs)

5.9 GHz DSRC (.0002 secs)

Cellular(1.5 - 3.5 secs)

.01

IntelliDrive Taxonomy

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 1 vs Level 2

Level 2Vehicle-Based Data

Level 1Non-Vehicle-Based Data

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Time-Critical vs Non-Time-CriticalLevel 2

Vehicle-Based DataLevel 1

Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Level 2.A

Non-Time-Critical

Non-Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.B

Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.C

Time-CriticalProprietary Vehicle

Data

Level 1.B

Time-Critical

Level 1.A

Non-Time-Critical

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 1.ALevel 2

Vehicle-Based DataLevel 1

Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Level 2.A Non-Time-CriticalNon-Proprietary

Vehicle Data

Level 2.B Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.C Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 1.BTime-Critical

Level 1.ANon-Time-Critical

Scenario:-Today’s probe data and applications: traffic, transit/ fleet management, e-tolling- Applications that require only position and speed

Federal role/interest- Promote and demonstrate benefits (SafeTrip-21)- Data exchange standards

Level 2.A Non-Time-CriticalNon-Proprietary

Vehicle Data

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 1.BLevel 2

Vehicle-Based Data

Level 1.BTime Sensitive

Federal role/interest- Promote industry data & communications (DSRC)

standards- Accelerate deployment & benefits

2010 20302020 20400 %

20 %

40 %

60 %

80 %

100 %

VII all new cars

VII all new cars + Aftermarket

Mar

ket P

enet

ratio

nAdapted from Urbahn, J an, “Vehicle Infrastructure Integration”, CES, J anuary 2007

2010 20302020 20400 %

20 %

40 %

60 %

80 %

100 %

2010 20302020 20400 %

20 %

40 %

60 %

80 %

100 %

VII all new cars

VII all new cars + Aftermarket

Mar

ket P

enet

ratio

nAdapted from Urbahn, J an, “Vehicle Infrastructure Integration”, CES, J anuary 2007

Scenario:- Integration of DSRC technology into nomadic

devices- “Here I Am” message” supports safety and

mobility applications

Level 1.BTime Sensitive

Level 2.A Non-Time CriticalNon-Proprietary

Vehicle Data

Level 2.B Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.C Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 1.ANon-Time Critical

Level 1Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Scenario:-Leveraging of non-proprietary data from vehicle data port via aftermarket products-Various communication capability including DSRC

Federal role/interest- Promote industry data & communications standards- Opportunity for obtaining vehicle based data for mobility

and road weather applications- Accelerate deployment & benefits

Level 2.A Non-Time-CriticalNon-Proprietary

Vehicle Data

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 2.ALevel 2

Vehicle-Based DataLevel 1

Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Level 2.B Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.C Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 1.BTime-Critical

Level 1.ANon-Time-Critical

Scenario:- Private services- Various communication media

Level 2.B Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Federal role/interest- Promote industry data standards - Opportunity for obtaining richer set of vehicle

based data for mobility and road weather applications

IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 2.B

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Level 2Vehicle-Based Data

Level 1Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Level 2.A Non-Time Sensitive

Non-Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 2.C Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 1.BTime Sensitive

Level 1.ANon-Time Sensitive

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IntelliDrive Taxonomy

Level 2.CLevel 2.C

Time -Critical Proprietary Vehicle

Data

Scenario:- DSRC centric primary goal of safety- Supports mobility and environmental goals- Requires infrastructure for mobility, environmental,

and some safety applications

Federal role/interest- Promote industry data and communications standards- Rulemaking for safety technology and applications- Explore retrofit opportunities for accelerated benefits- Deployment models- Governance framework

Level 1Non-Vehicle-Based Data

Level 2.A Non-Time-CriticalNon-Proprietary

Vehicle Data

Level 2.B Non-Time-Critical

Proprietary Vehicle Data

Level 1.BTime-Critical

Level 1.ANon-Time-Critical

Level 2Vehicle-Based Data

ITS Strategic Plan – Vision

A national, multi-modal surface transportation system that features a connected transportation environment among vehicles, the

infrastructure, and portable devices to serve the public good by leveraging technology to maximize safety, mobility and

environmental performance

…and a suite of targeted research and development

initiatives that support cross-modal ITS solutions

ITS Strategic Plan – IntelliDrive Research

FrameworkApplications

(Includes Field Tests and Demonstrations)

Technology Underpinning

Policy & Non-Technical

• Are applications available and benefits validated?• What is the minimum infrastructure needed for the greatest

benefit? How much, where, when and what type?• What is the degree of market penetration required for

effectiveness?

• Is technology stable, reliable, secure, and interoperable?• Are international standards available to ensure

interoperability?

• What policies/governance/funding are required for sustainability?

• How to address public concerns for privacy and ensure that applications do not cause driver distraction?

Ap

pli

cati

on

sTe

chn

olo

gy

Po

licy

ALL MUST BE ANSWERED TO BE DEPLOYABLE

77%

18%

5%

Critical Research Questions

ITS Strategic Plan – IntelliDrive Research

Safety• Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)

Communications for Safety• Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I)

Communications for Safety• Human Factors

Mobility• Real-Time Data Capture and

Management • Dynamic Mobility Applications • Road Weather Management

Environment• Applications for the Environment:

Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS)

Technology Underpinning• IntelliDrive Test Environment• Harmonization of International

Standards and Architecture• IntelliDrive Certification• IntelliDrive Systems Engineering• Data and Communications

SecurityPolicy & Non-Technical• Deployment scenarios• Financing• Legal and Institutional Issues

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Interest Groups: Research Area Focus

– Technology• Systems engineering• Remaining technical challenges:

security, positioning, scalability• Standards• Testbeds

– Policy & Non-Technical• Deployment strategy• Financing• Governance• Certification• Legal, liability, privacy issues• Data ownership and rights

– Applications May be subdivided based on

taxonomyIncludes data capture methods

to support applications• V2V safety• V2I safety• SPAT and signal (I2V)• Weather• Environmental • Other mobility and public

sector management applications

• Tolling• Aftermarket

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Interest Groups: Stakeholder Focused

• Existing:– OEMs (light vehicle

manufacturers)– AASHTO (state gov’t.)– ITE, NACO (local gov’t. &

system implementers)– Traveler information

community (511 Coalition)– Weather community– Transit community

• Needed:– Aftermarket community (device makers, data collectors, aggregators,

users)– Freight– Telecom– Financial industry– Toll– Environment

For More Information…

http://www.intellidrive.org/