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1 ► In a shop (part one) /in a shop paat wān/1

A (Customer): Hello. /kāstama/

/helou/

B (Shopkeeper): Hello. (1) Can I help you? (2) /shopkiipa/ /helou kan ai help yuu/

A: Yes, please. Can I have four lemons please? (3) /yes pliiz kan ai hav foo lemanz pliiz/

B: Certainly. Anything else? (4) /saatanli enithing els/

A: Yes. An orange and a litre of milk... (5) /yes an orinj and a liitar av milk/2

B: Here you are. (6) /hia yuu aa/

(1) Hello Hizi hapa ni salamu chache za kiingereza 2 ► good morning (habari ya asubuhi) /gud mooning

good afternoon (habari ya mchana) gud aaftanuun

good evening (habari ya jioni) gud iivning

How are you? (U hali gani?) hau aa yuu

I'm fine. (Mimi ni mzima) aim fain

I'm very well. (Mimi ni mzima (wa afya.)) aim veri wel

and you? (na wewe je?) and yuu/

Jinsi ya kujibu salamu ya ‘good morning’ ‘good afternoon’ na ‘good evening’ ni kuirudia salamu hiyo hiyo tena.

(2) Can I help you? Hii ni salamu ya kawaida kutoka kwa muuza duka ambae yupo tayari kumhudumia mteja.

(3) Can I have...please? Hii ni namna moja ya kuomba kitu kwa kiingereza

(4) Certainly. Jinsi ya kusema ndio/kukubali ombi.

1 Maandishi haya (katikati ya mistari miwili / /) yanaoneshwa jinsi maneno yanavyotamkwa (sauti ya

maneno). Kama huelewi, soma ukurasa wa 19, chini ya 'Maandishi ya Matamshi' kabla ya kuendelea

2 Mzungumzaji anatumia weak forms ya an, and, a na of. Maelezo kuhusu weak forms yapo ukurasa wa

19.

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Dukani (sehemu ya kwanza)

A (Mteja): Habari

B (Muuza duka): Habari. Naweza kukusaidia? help- -saidia can- -weza

A: Ndio (tafadhali). Naweza kupata malimao manne tafadhali? yes-ndio (I-mimi) (have-kuwa na (kitu)) lemons-malimao please-tafadhali four-nne

B: Bila shaka. Kitu kingine? certainly-bila shaka anything else-kitu kingine

A: Ndio. Chungwa moja na lita moja ya maziwa orange-chungwa litre-lita milk-maziwa

B: Hivi hapa. (5) a litre of milk Katika kiingereza, tunatumia of kuzingumzia chombo kinachotumika kuhifadhia kitu na pia kupima vitu visivyohesabika (maji, sukari, maziwa n.k) e.g. a litre of milk, two kilos of sugar etc. (kumbuka kuwa a ina maana sawa na moja). 3 ► a box of matches (boksi la viberiti) /a boks av machiz

a litre of milk (lita ya maziwa) liitar av milk

a bottle of water (chupa ya maji) botl av woota

a bar of soap (mchi wa sabuni) baar av soup

a bar of chocolate (paketi/mchi wa chokoleti) baar av choklat

a loaf of bread (mkate) louf av bred

a kilo of meat (kilo ya nyama) kiilou av miit

a kilo of rice (kilo ya mchele) kiilou av rais

two kilos of rice (kilo mbili za mchele) tuu kiilouz av rais/

(6) Here you are. Hii husemwa pale mtu anapokabidhi kitu kwa mtu mwingine. Hakuna tafsiri katika lugha ya kiswahili.

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4 ► In a shop (part two)

A: Two kilos of sugar, please...and a bottle of water. /tuu kiilouz av shuga pliiz and a botl av woota/

B: A big bottle or a small bottle? /a big botl oor a smool botl/

A: A small bottle, please and a box of matches. /a smool botl pliiz and a boks av machiz/

B: Just a moment...here you are. (1) /just a moumant hia yuu aa/

A: Thank you. How much is it? (2) /thank yuu hau māch iz it/

B: Six pounds, altogether. /siks paundz ooltagedha/

A: Here you are. /hia yuu aa/

B: Thank you. Here is your change. /thank yuu hiar iz yoo cheinj/

A: Thank you. Goodbye. /thank yuu gudbai/

B: Goodbye. /gudbai/

(1) Just a moment. moment ni muda mfupi sana. Hii humaanisha 'Subiri kwa kipindi kifupi sana'.

(2) How much is it? (Ni bei gani3?) how much-ngapi?

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (1): 1) a) Two kilos o _ rice, please. b) H _ _ _ you are. 2) Anything e_ _ _ ? 3) Yes, p _ _ _ _ _. Five lemons and a _ orange. 4) a) How m _ _ _ is it? b) Five pounds.

5 ► Numbers 1 – 12 /nāmbaz wān ta twelv/

1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four /wān tuu thrii foo

5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight faiv siks sevan eit

9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve nain ten ilevan twelv/

8 ►

A meeting in the street /a miiting in dha striit/

A (John): Hey, Trevor! (1) /hei treva/

B (Trevor): Hi John! How are you? (2) /hai jon hau aa yuu/

3 ‘bei’ kwa Kiingereza ni ‘price’ /prais/

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Dukani (sehemu ya pili)

A: Kilo mbili za sukari, tafadhali... Na chupa ya maji. sugar-sukari bottle-chupa water-maji

B: Chupa kubwa au chupa ndogo? big-kubwa small-ndogo

A: Chupa ndogo, tafadhali na boksi moja la viberiti. bottle-chupa boxi-boksi matches-viberiti

B: Subiri kidogo... Hivi hapa. just-tu moment- tazama (7)

A: Asante. Ni bei gani? how much-bei gani

B: Paundi sita kwa pamoja. pound-paundi six-sita altogether-kwa pamoja

A: Hii hapa

B: Asante. Chenji yako hii hapa. change-chenji your- -ako

A: Asante. Kwaheri. goodbye-kwaheri

B: Kwaheri.

6 ► Numbers 13 – 20 /nāmbaz thaatiin ta twenti/

13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen /thaatiin footiin fiftiin

16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen sikstiin sevntiin eitiin

19 nineteen 20 twenty naintiin twenti/

Mazoezi ya kuongea4 7 ► A kilo of sugar, please. two Two kilos of sugar, please. seven Seven kilos of sugar, please. rice Seven kilos of rice, please. a kilo A kilo of rice, please. Can I have... Can I have a kilo of rice, please? two litres of water Can I have two litres of water, please.

Makutano barabarani street-mtaa, barabara

A (John): Mambo, Trevor!

B (Trevor): Mambo John? U hali gani? hi-mambo, habari how are you? -U hali gani?

4 Kama hufahamu jinsi ya kufanya zoezi hili, angalia ukurasa wa 21, chini ya 'Jinsi ya kufanya mazoezi

ya kuongea'

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A: Not bad. How's it going? (3) /not bad hauz it gouing/

B: Fine. It is good to see you! You are not in London! Why are you here in Bristol? (4) (5) (6) /fain it iz gud ta sii yuu yuu aa not in lāndan wai aa yuu hiar in bristal/

A: My uncle has a house here now. /mai ānkl haz a haus hia nau/

B: Really? Give me your telephone number! We can go for a coffee together before you go back. (7) /riili giv mii yoo telifoun nāmba wii kan gou foor a kofi tagedha bifoo yuu gou

bak/

A: Yes. That's a good idea! My number is 472577. (8) /yes dhats a gud aidia mai nāmbar iz foo sevan tuu faiv dābl sevan/

B: 472577. Okay. I have it on my mobile now. /foo sevan tuu faiv dābl sevan oukei ai hav it on mai moubail nau/

A: Sorry - I am in a hurry. I have a meeting now but maybe we can go tomorrow. /sori ai am in a hāri ai hav a miiting nau bāt meibi wii kan gou tamorou/

B: Okay. No problem. See you tomorrow. (9) /oukei nou problam sii yuu tamorou/

A: See you tomorrow! /sii yuu tamorou/

(1) Hey Neno hili hutumika kupata usikivu wa mtu kwa uharaka! Si neno rasmi na si neno la heshima kutumika kwa mtu mgeni au usiyemfahamu. (2) (3) Hi How's it going? not bad Trevor na John ni marafiki, hivyo wanaweza kutumia salamu zisizo rasmi. Hizi ni zinakaribiana na salamu za kiswahili kama Mambo! Mambo vipi? Mambo safi!

(4) It is good to see you. Hii hutumika pale watu wanapokutana baada ya kutoonana kwa muda mrefu.

(5) You are not in London! not hutumika kutengeneza sentensi hasi 'Negative (/negativ/) sentences' katika kiinegereza. Sentensi za kawaida huitwa 'Positive (/pozativ/) sentences' (Sentensi chanya):

You are in London. (Postitive) (Upo London. (chanya)) You are not in London. (Negative) (Haupo London (hasi))

I am not in London. (Negative) He/She/It is not in London. (Negative) They/We/You are in London. (Positive) /dhei wii/

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A: Si mbaya. Mambo yanaendeleaje? not bad-si mbaya go-enda

B: Vizuri. Nimefurahi kukuona! Haupo London! Kwa nini upo hapa Bristol? fine- nzuri, zima (good- -zuri) see-ona why-kwa nini

A: Mjomba wangu ana nyumba hapa sasa. my- -angu uncle-mjomba house-nyumba now-sasa

B: Kweli? Nipatie namba yako ya simu! Tunaweza kwenda kunywa kahawa pamoja kabla hujarejea. give-patia your- -ako telephone number-namba ya simu go-enda cofee-kahawa before-kabla you-wewe go back-rejea

A: Ndio! Hilo ni wazo zuri! Namba yangu ni 472577. idea-wazo

B: 472577. Sawa. Ninayo kwenye simu yangu sasa okay- sawa mobile-simu (ya mkononi)

A: Samahani- nina haraka. Nina mkutano sasa hivi ila labda tunaweza kwenda kesho. sorry-samahani in a hurry- -enye haraka meeting-mkutano but-ila/lakini maybe-labda tomorrow-kesho

B: Sawa. Hamna shida. Tutaonana kesho. no-si, hamna problem-shida/tatizo see- -ona

A: Tutaonana kesho!

They/We/You are not in London. (Negative)

(Angalia ukurasa wa 19 kwa mifano mingine ya Positive and Negative)

(6) Why are you here...? Questions (maswali): /kweschanz/

I am in London. (Positive) He/She/It is in London. (Positive) /hii shii it/ Tunapouliza maswali kwa kiingereza kwa kutumia am/is/are, orodha ya maneno hubadilika, kwa mfano: You are in Bristol. (Positive) (Upo Bristol) Are you in Bristol? (Question) ((Je), upo Bristol?) Why are you in Bristol? (Question) (Kwanini upo Bristol?)

He is a doctor. (Positive) Is he a doctor? (Question) The bag is here. (Positive) Is the bag here? (Question) Why is the bag here? (Question) Where is the bag? (Question)

(7) go for a coffee Hii ni namna fupi ya kusema 'kwenda kwenye hoteli au mgahawana kunywa kahawa au kinywaji kingine'.

(8) 77 or double seven double: Neno hili hutumika pale ambapo namba inajirudia mara mbili kwenye namba ya simu badala ya kurudia

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kutaja namba mara mbili. /dābl/

(9) See you tomorrow Hii ni namna moja isiyo rasmi ya kuagana. Ifuatayo ni mifano mingine: 9 ►

see you later (tutaonana baadae) see you (tutaonana) /sii yuu leita

bye (kwa heri) bye bye (kwa heri) bai/

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (2): 1) It is g _ _ _ to see you! 2) He is n _ _ a doctor. He is a teacher. 3) A _ _ you a farmer? 4) We can go f _ _ a coffee. 5) Bye. S _ _ you tomorrow!

Mazoezi ya kuongea 1. Kwa Rekodi 10, pamoja na mabadiliko ya kawaida, tutabadilisha sentensi chanya kuwa hasi na kuzirudisha tena kwenye sentensi chanya. 2. Kwa Rekodi 11, pamoja na mabadiliko ya kawaida, tutabadilisha sentensi chanya kwenda kwenye maswali, na kuzirudisha tena kuwa sentensi chanya: 10 ►

He is in London. She She is in London. [Negative] She is not in London. [Positive] She is in London. I I am in London. [Negative] I am not in London. They They are not in London. [Positive]

13 ►

In a cafe /in a kafei/

A (Waitress): Good evening. Are you ready to order, sir? (1) /gud iivning aa yuu redi tuu ooda saa/ /weitras/

B (John): Yes, please. Can I have a cup of tea with milk? (2) /yes pliiz kan ai hav a kāp av tii widh milk/

A: Certainly, sir. /saatanli saa/

C: (Trevor) And a cup of coffee for me. How much is a chicken sandwich? /and a kāp av kofi fa mii hau māch iz a chikin sandwich/

A: It's four pounds. (3) /its foo paundz/

C: And a chicken sandwich. How about you, John? Are you hungry? (4) /and a chikin sandwich hau abaut yuu jon aa yuu hāngri/

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They are in London. We We are in London. He He is in London. [Negative] He is not in London. [Positive] He is in London. a farmer He is a farmer. [Negative] He is not a farmer.

11 ►

He is here. They They are here. John John is here. [Question] Is John here? [Positive] John is here. at home John is at home. I I am at home. she She is at home. in the car She is in the car. [Question] Is she in the car? a teacher Is she a teacher? [Positive] She is a teacher. They They are teachers. [Question] Are they teachers?

12 ► Telephone numbers /telifoun nāmbaz/

A) 100113 B) 051913211 C) 414231 D) 815200 E) 520080 F) 919021 G) 51519 H) 0815160525152 I) 1170911050920

Ndani ya mgahawa

A (muhudumu (wa kike)): Habari za jioni. Uko tayari kuagiza mzee? evening-jioni ready-tayari order -agiza

B (John): Ndio, tafadhali. Naweza kupata kikombe cha chai ya maziwa? tea-chai with-(pamoja) na milk-maziwa

A: Bila shaka, mzee.

C (Trevor): Na kikombe cha kahawa kwa ajili yangu. Sandwichi ya kuku ni bei gani? cup-kikombe coffee-kahawa for-kwa ajili (me-mimi) sandwich-sandwichi chicken-kuku

A: Ni paundi nne.pound-paundi four-nne

C: Na sandwichi ya kuku. Na wewe John? Unasikia njaa? hungry- -enye njaa

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B: A little. Maybe a slice of cake for me. /a litl meibi a slais av keik fa mii/

A: We have lemon cake or chocolate cake, sir. /wii hav leman keik oo choklat keik saa/

B: Chocolate cake please... /choklat keik pliiz/

(1) sir Hii ni namna rasmi sana ya kumuita mtu ambaye hufahamu jina lake katika lugha ya kiingereza. Kwa mwanamke neno madam hutumika. /madam/

(2) with milk without milk (bila maziwa) /widhaut/

(3) It's = It is

(4) How about you...? Hii ni namna ya kumuuliza mtu atoe maoni yake au azungumze kuhusu hali yake. (sawa na kusema kwa Kiswahili: na wewe je?)

15 ► Family News /famali nyuuz/

A (Trevor): Where's the sugar? (1) /weaz dha shuga/

B (John): It's here...oh...this isn't sugar - it's salt...this is sugar. Here you are. (2) /its hia ou dhis iznt shuga its solt dhis iz shuga hia yuu aa/

A: Thanks. So, what's your news? How are your parents? (3) (4) /thanks sou wots yoo nyuuz hau aa yoo pearants/

B: They are fine. They are still in London. My father has a new car so he is happy. I have a photo. That is his new car there. (5) (6) (7) /dhei aa fain dhei aa stil in lāndan mai faadha haz a nyuu kaa sou hii

iz hapi ai hav a foutou dhat iz hiz nyuu kaa dhea/

A: The children are so big! (8) /dha childran aa sou big/

B: Yes. Phillip and Samantha aren't babies nowadays. They go to school. (9) /yes filip and samantha aant beibiz nauadeiz dhei gou ta skuul/

A: Who is that? /huu iz dhat/

B: You know him. That's Joseph. (10) /yuu nou him dhats jousaf/

A: No way! That isn't really him! How old is he now? (11) (12) /nou wei dhat iznt riili him hau ould iz hii nau/

B: He is twenty. He has a job in an office. The company is called Divco. I think they make paper. /hii iz twenti hii haz a job in

an ofis dha kāmpani iz koold divkou ai think dhei meik peipa/

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B: Kiasi. Labda silesi ya keki kwa ajili yangu. a little-kiasi (little-kidogo) maybe-labda slice-silesi cake-keki

A: Tuna keki ya limao au keki ya chokoleti. lemon-limao chocolate-chokoleti

B: Keki ya chokoleti tafadhali.

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (3): 1) Can I have a c _ _ of tea please? 2) How m _ _ _ is it? 3) Good evening s _ _. Can I help you? 4) A _ _ you hungry?. 5) I _ ' s four pounds.

14 ► plate (sahani) spoon (kijiko) /pleit spuun

knife (kisu) fork (uma) naif fook

thirsty (-enye kiu) drink (nywa, kinywaji) thaasti drink

eat (kula) food (chakula) iit fuud

Habari za Familia

A (Trevor): Sukari iko wapi? where-wapi sugar-sukari

B (John): Iko hapa...oh...hii sio sukari - ni chumvi...hii ni sukari. Hii hapa. here-hapa salt-chumvi

A: Asante. Sasa, habari yako? Wazazi wako hawajambo? thanks-asante news-habari parents-wazazi

B: Hawajambo. Bado wapo London. Baba yangu ana gari jipya kwa hiyo ana furaha. Nina picha. Lile pale ndio gari lake jipya. my- -angu father-baba new-mpya car-gari happy- -enye furaha photo-picha that-lile there-pale

A: Watoto wamekuwa wakubwa! children-watoto (so-sana) big-kubwa

B: Ndio. Phillip na Samantha si watoto (wachanga) tena siku hizi. Wanakwenda shule. school-shule baby-mtoto mchanga nowadays-siku hizi

A: Yule ni nani? who?-nani? (that-yule)

B: Unamfahamu. Yule ni Joseph. know-fahamu, jua

B: Haiwezakani! Yule si yeye (kweli)! Ana umri gani sasa? no way-(12) (really-kweli) him-yeye How old?- umri gani old-iliyo zeeka/chakaa

A: Ana miaka ishirini. Ana kazi katika ofisi. Kampuni inaitwa Divco. Nafikiri wanatengeneza makaratasi. twenty-ishirini job-kazi office-ofisi company-kampuni I think-nafikiri make-tengeneza paper-karatasi

A: That's good news... /dhats gud nyuuz/

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(1) Where's = Where is

(2) This isn't sugar = This is not sugar Hizi ni SHORT FORMS5 za NEGATIVES (hasi) za maneno am/is/are

16 ► I am not I'm not /ai am not aim not

He is not He isn't He's not hii iz not hii iznt hiiz not

She is not She isn't She's not shii iz not shii iznt shiiz not

They are not They aren't They're not dhei aa not dhei aant dhea not

We are not We aren't We're not wii aa not wii aant wea not

It is not It isn't It's not it iz not it iznt its not

You are not You aren't You're not yuu aa not yuu aant yoo

not/

I- (mimi) he- (yeye (mume)) she- (yeye (mke)) they- (wao) we- (sisi) it- (kile (kitu)) you- (wewe (umoja) au ninyi (wingi)) Tambua kuwa kuna namna moja tu ya short form ya 'I am not': Hatuwezi kusema 'I amn't'.

(3) Thanks Namna fupi ya kusema thank you. Ni namna isiyo rasmi.

(4) What's your news? Tofauti na Kiswahili, hii siyo salamu ya kiingereza. Huulizwa baadaye (baada ya salamu) katika maongezi ya kiingereza. (5) They are still in London. They are in London. (Wao wapo London.) They are still in London. (Wao bado wapo London.) They are at home. (Wao wapo nyumbani) They are still at home. (Wao bado wapo nyumbani.)

(6) so I have a new job so I am happy. (Nina kazi mpya kwa hiyo nina furaha.) Namna nyingine ya kusema hivi ni: I am happy because I have a new job. (Nina furaha kwa sababu nina kazi mpya.) /bikoz/

(7) this - hiki, hii n.k. that - ile, kile n.k.

(8) so: Hili ni neno tofauti na neno lililopo kweye (6) (juu) - hapa humaanisha 'zaidi'.

(9) nowadays Namna nyingine ya kusema hii ni these days. (siku hizi) day (siku) /dhiiz deiz dei Have a good day! / Have a nice day! (siku njema) /hav a gud dei nais/

(10) You know him. (Herufi k haitamkwi) They know me. (Wananifahamu.) /dhei nou mii

B: Hiyo ni habari njema...

5 Kama hufahamu 'short form' ni nini, angalia ukurasa wa 19.

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They know her. (Wanamfahamu.) (mke) dhei nou haa/

Angalia sentensi zifuatazo: I am a teacher. (Mimi ni mwalimu.) I have a car. (Nina gari.) They know me. (Wananifahamu.) That is my car. (Hilo ni gari langu.)

We are doctors. (Sisi ni madaktari.) We have jobs. (Tuna kazi.) They know us. (Wanatufahamu.) That is our house. (Hiyo ni nyumba yetu.)

17► I me my /ai mii mai

you you your yuu yuu yoo

we us our wii ās aua

they them their dhei dhem dhea

he him his (mume) shii him hiz

she her her (mke) shii haa haa

it it its it it its/

18► I know them. (Ninawafahamu.) /ai nou dhem

They know me. (Wananifahamu.) dhei nou mii

I know him. (Ninamfahamu.) ai nou him Give him the sugar. (Mpatie sukari. (mume)) giv him dha shuga

We know them. (Tunawafahamu.) wii nou dhem

Tell us the answer. (Tuambie jibu.) tel ās dhii aansa

Tell her the answer. (Mwambie jibu. (mke)) tel haa dhii aansa/

19► That's her house. (Hii ni nyumba yake.) (mke) /dhats haa haus

That's his car. (Hili ni gari lake.) (mume) dhats hiz kaa

That's our father. (Huyo ni baba yetu.) dhats aua faadha

That's my family. (Hiyo ni familia yetu.) dhats mai famali

That's their house. (Hiyo ni nyumba yao.) dhats dhea haus

That's your coffee. (Hiyo ni kahawa yako.) dhats yoo kofi

That's its price. (Hiyo ndio bei yake.) (kitu) dhats its prais/

(11) No way! Hapa, usemi huu huonesha mshangao na humaanisha 'haiwezekani'. No way! Pia hutumika kama namna isiyo ya heshima au uungwana kumkatalia mtu kitu au kukaataa kufanya kitu katika lugha ya kiingereza!

12) How old is he? He is twenty. Katika kiingereza, tunatumia am/is/are kutaja umri wa mtu, hatutumii have/has. He is twenty. (Yeye ana miaka ishirini) They are fifteen. (Wao wana miaka kumi na tano) /fiftiin

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I am sixteen. (Nina miaka kumi na sita) sikstiin/

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (4): 1) This i_ _'_ sugar. It's salt. 2) a) How o _ _ is he? b) He is twenty. 3) a) John has three cars. b) No w_ _! 4) I know h_ _. He is a doctor. 5) a) I have a new job. b) That's good n_ _ _. Mazoezi ya kuongea 20► 21► This is my car. (he) Give me the sugar (she) This is his car. (she) Give her the sugar (he) This is her car. present /prezant/ Give him the sugar salt This is her present. (we) Give him the salt (they) This is our present. (they) Give them the salt rice This is their present. (you) Give them the rice (I) This is your present. cake Give me the rice (we) This is your cake. ...chocolate... Give us the rice bottle This is your chocolate cake. (I) Give us the bottle. This is my chocolate cake. [Negative] This is not my chocolate cake.

Herufi na matamshi: (1) Plural (zaidi ya moja) /pluural/

a) Kumbuka kuwa, ili kuzungumzia zaidi ya kitu kimoja kwa kiingereza, huwa tunaongeza herufi 's': one car; two cars (gari moja; magari mawili) /wān kaa tuu kaaz/

b) Kama neno tayari linaishia na s (au mojawapo ya herufi zifuatazo: ch, sh, x au z) tunaongeza 'es':

one bus (basi moja) ; two buses (mabasi mawili) /wān bās tuu bāsiz/

c) Maneno yanayoishiwa na y: Kwanza kumbuka kuwa a,e,i,o,u zinaitwa VOWELS. Herufi zote nyingine zinaitwa CONSONANTS. /vaualz konsanants/

(i) Kwa maneno yanayoishia na CONSONANT+y (mf. family , party ) tunabalisha y kuwa ie kabla ya kuongezea s:

22► family party army baby /famali paati aami beibi

families parties armies babies famaliz paatiz aamiz beibiz/

(ii) Kwa maneno yanayoishia na VOWEL+y, Tunaibakisha y kama ilivyo:

23► one boy one key /wān boi kii

three boys four keys thrii boiz foo kiiz/

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d) Kwa maneno yanayoishia na fe, tunabadili f kuwa v kabla ya kuongezea s:

24► one knife (kisu kimoja) one wife (mke mmoja) /naif waif

two knives (visu viwili) two wives (wake wawili) naivz waivz/

e) Kwa maneno yanayoishia na o, tunaongeza e kabla ya kuongeza s:

25► one potato (kiazi kimoja) one tomato (nyaya moja) /pateitou tamaatou

two potatoes (viazi viwili) two tomatoes (nyaya mbili) pateitouz

tamaatouz/

(2) Sikiliza jinsi maneno haya yanavyotamkwa halafu uyatamke kwa sauti. Kama huwezi kusikiliza rekodi, maandishi ya matamshi yapo ukurasa wa 19.

ph: Zingatia jinsi ph inavyotamkwa kwenye maneno yafuatayo:

26► telephone Joseph photo photograph

(3) herufi ar : Zingatia jinsi ar inavyotamkwa katika maneno haya:

27► car party army are bar farm farmer artist

Waingereza wengi hawatamki r katika maneno haya isipokuwa kama herufi hiyo inafuatiwa na sauti ya irabu (vowel sound). Tazama ukurasa wa 19.

28►

This is the farmer's car. They are not farmers. They are artists. It is my car. My car is on the farm. Mazoezi A) (she) Tell her the answer. B) I This is my car

1) (I) Give ____ the telephone 1) (she) This is ___ cup of coffee. 2) (it) Eat ____. It is very good. 2) (you) What is ____ news. 3) (he) Give ____ the salt. 3) (they) Where is ____ house. 4) (they) Tell ____ your name. 4) (he) That is not ____ problem. 5) (we) Give ____ the presents. 5) (it) That is ____ price. 6) (you) I can tell ____ the answer. 6) (we) ____ parents live in London.

C) go l live make have know tell give happy ready eat I have two children.

1) My parents _____ in London 2) They are ____ because they have a new baby. 3) The company is called Divco. They ____ paper. 4)

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____ him your problem. 5) Are you ____ to order? 6) They are big children nowadays. They____ to school. 7) ____ me two kilos of rice please. 8) a) Something to ____ ? b) A chicken sandwich please. 9) I ____ that man. His name is John.

D) One litre Two litres

1) One cake Two ____ 2) One baby Two ____ 3) One present Two ____ 4) One bus Two ____ 5) One party Two ____ 6) One boy Two ____ 7) One apple Two ____ 8) One box Two ____

E) He is happy. He is not happy. Is he happy?

1) They are happy. They ____ ____ happy. ____ ___ happy? 2) She is ready. She ____ ____ ready ____ ___ ready? 3) We ____ ready. We _____ ____ ready ____ ___ ready? 4) You ____ a farmer. You ____ ___ a farmer. ____ ____ a farmer? 5) This ___ her house. This ___ ___ her house. ___ ___ her house? 6) They ____ his parents. They ___ ____ his parents. ___ ____ his parents?

F) They are not in London. = They aren't in London. = They're not in London 1) He is not at home. = ____ ____ at home.= _____ ____ at home. 2) It is not in the car. = ____ ____ in the car. = ____ ____ in the car. 3) She is not my sister. = ____ _____ my sister.= ____ ____ my sister. 4) You are not ready. = ____ ____ ready. = ____ ____ ready.

5) We are not from London. = ___ ____ from London = ___ ___ from London. 6) I am not a student. = _____ ______ a student.

G) Who How Where Why What a) How are you? b) I'm fine.

1) a) _____ is his house? It is in Bristol. 2) a) ______ are you in London? b) I have a new job here. 3) a)_______ is that? b) That's Joseph. He's my cousin. 4) a) ______ is your name? b) My name is John.

H) and to with of or about for in to in

A coffee and a chicken sandwich, please.

1) The children go ___ school. 2) Give me a kilo __ rice, please. 3) Chocolate cake __ lemon cake, sir? 4) Tea ___ milk, please. 5) How _____ you John? Are you hungry? 6) A cup of tea ___ me, please. 7) How are you? It is good ___ see you! 8) I am ___ a hurry now. We can meet tomorrow. 9) He is __ London.

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Misamiati ya ziada (1)

29► 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two /twenti wān twenti tuu

23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four twenti thrii twenti foo

25 twenty-five 26 twenty-six twenti faiv twenti siks

27 twenty-seven 28 twenty-eight twenti sevan twenti eit

29 twenty-nine twenti nain/

30► 30 thirty 31 thirty-one /thaati thaati wān

40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty footi fifti siksti

70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety sevanti eiti nainti/

31► 100 one hundred 1,000 one thousand /wān hāndrad wān thauzand

1,000,000 one million wān milian

100 a hundred 1,000 a thousand a hāndrad a thauzand

1,000,000 a million a milian

200 two hundred 2000 two thousand tuu hāndrad tuu thauzand

2,000,000 two million tuu milian/

32► (Mazoezi ya kuzungumza) That's two pounds, altogether. ten That's ten pounds, altogether. fifteen That's fifteen pounds, altogether. a hundred That's a hundred pounds, altogether. a thousand That's a thousand pounds, altogether. shillings (shilingi) /shilingz/

That's a thousand shillings, altogether.

33► 1,000,000,000 one billion 1,000,000,000 a billion /wān bilian a bilian/

Zingatia: Aidha a au one inaweza kutumika kwenye nama hizi na kumaanisha maana moja

34► 124 a hundred and twenty-four /a hāndrad an(d) twenti foo/

1,100 a thousand one hundred 1,125 a thousand one hundred and twenty-five 110 a hundred and ten 105 a hundred and five 1,005 a thousand and five 1,010 a thousand and ten 1,022 a thousand and twenty-two 100,000 a hundred thousand 200,000 two hundred thousand 220,000 two hundred and twenty thousand 225,325 two hundred and twenty-five thousand, three hundred

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and twenty five

35►

350,000 three hundred and fifty thousand 355,000 three hundred and fifty five thousand 4,500 four thousand, five hundred

½ a half (nusu) ½ kilo / half a kilo /a haaf haaf a kiilou

¼ a quarter (robo) 1½ one and a half a kwoota wān and a haaf

1¼ one and a quarter wān and a kwoota

¾ three quarters thrii kwootaz/

36► + plus + and - minus - take away /plās and mainas teik awei

= equals = makes = is iikwalz meiks iz x times x multiplied by ٪ divided by taimz māltiplaid bai divaidid bai/

37►

add (ongeza) subtract (toa) /ad sabtrakt

multiply (zidisha) divide (gawanya) māltiplai divaid/

38► 10 + 5 = 15 Ten plus five equals fifteen. 3 + 4 = 7 Three plus four equals seven. 5 x 2 = 10 Five times two equals ten. 5 – 1 = 4 Five minus one equals four. 10 ٪ 2 = 5 Ten divided by two equals five. 10 ٪ 2 = 5 Ten divided by two is five.

Misamiati ya ziada (2) 39► biscuit (biskuti) egg (yai) potato (kiazi) /biskit eg pateitou vegetable (mboga) tomato (nyanya) vejtabl tamaatou spinach (mchicha) carrot (karoti) peas (njegere) spinich karat piiz

fruit (tunda) apple (tofaa) banana (ndizi) fruut apl banaana

melon (tikiti) mango (embe) papaya (papai) melan mangou papaia juice (maji ya matunda) beer (bia) juus bia

orange juice (maji ya machungwa) orinj juus

aspirin (aspirini) kerosene (mafuta ya taa) asprin kerasiin

washing powder (sabuni ya unga ya kufua) woshing pauda

razor (wembe) toothpaste (dawa ya meno) reiza tuuthpeist

voucher (vocha) pen (peni) pencil (penseli) vaucha pen pensal

paper (karatasi) card (kadi) money (pesa) peipa kaad māni/ 40►

a bag (mfuko) a bag of rice (mfuko wa mchele) /a bag a bag av rais

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a sack (gunia) a sack of rice (gunia la mchele) a sak a sak av rais

a can (kopo) a can of fish (kopo la samaki) a kan a kan av fish

41► cloth (kitambaa) napkin (tishu) /kloth napkin

glass (glasi) tablecloth (kitambaa cha meza) glaas teibalkloth

counter (kaunta) bill (bili) kaunta bil

seat (siti/kiti) stool (stuli) chair (kiti) siit stuul chea(r)

menu (menyu) table (meza) menyuu teibl

omelette (mayai ya mbogamboga) chips (chipsi) omlat chips

chicken (kuku) clean (safisha) chikin kliin

wipe (futa) serve (hudumia) waip saav/

Maneno magumu: Maneno haya ni magumu kutamka kutoka na jinsi yanavyoandikwa. Yasikilize tena. Kama huna rekodi, maandishi ya matamshi yanapatikana ukurasa huu chini. 42► anything biscuit juice knife know sugar water who half

Majibu: Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi: (1) 1) of Here 2) else 3) please an 4) much (2) 1) good 2) not 3) Are 4) for 5) See (3) 1) cup 2) much 3) sir 4) Are 5) It (4) 1) isn't 2) old 3) way 4) him 5) news Mazoezi: (A) 1) me 2) it 3) him 4) them 5) us 6) you (B) 1) her 2) your 3) their 4) his 5) its 6) Our (C) 1) live 2) happy 3) make 4) Tell 5) ready 6) go 7) Give 8) eat 9) know (D) 1) cakes 2) babies 3) presents 4) buses 5) parties 6) boys 7) apples 8) boxes (E) 1) are not Are they 2) is not Is she 3) are are not Are we 4) are are not Are you 5) is is not Is this 6) are are not Are they (F) 1) He isn't He's not 2) It isn't It's not 3) She isn't She's not 4) You aren't You're not 5) We aren't We're not 6) I'm not (G) 1) Where 2) Why 3) Who 4) What (H) 1) to 2) of 3) or 4) with 5) about 6) for 7) to 8) in 9) in

Maandishi ya matamshi ya Rekodi 26 telifoun jousaf foutou foutagraaf

Maandishi ya matamshi ya Rekodi 27 kaa paati aami aa baa faam faama aatist

Maandishi ya matamshi ya Rekodi 28 dhis iz dha faamaz kaa dhei aa not faamaz dhei aar aatists

it iz mai kaa mai kaar iz on dha faam

Maandishi ya matamshi ya Rekodi 42 enithing biskit juus naif nou

shuga woota huu haaf

Tumia Kiingereza ulichojifunza: Kama una ndugu au rafiki anayejifunza Kiingereza pia, au anayejua

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Kiingereza, jaribu kufanya naye mazungumzo haya: 1) Kutana na rafiki yako barabarani. Msalimie kwa Kingereza na chukua namba yake ya simu. 2) Nunua kitu dukani. Fanyeni zamu ya kuigiza kama muuza duka na mteja. Usisahau kuuliza bei. 3) Agiza kitu cha kula na kunywa katika mgahawa. Kwa zamu, igizeni kama mhudumu na mteja.

Maneno ya Kingereza yaliyotumika katika kitabu hiki:

1) Vowel (irabu) /vaual/

Vowel ni sauti inayotamkwa wakati mdomo wa juu haugusi mdomo wa chini. Katika Kiingereza kwa kawaida huandikwa kama inavyoandikwa katika Kiswahili kwa herufi a,e,i,o na u. (Hata hivyo mara nyingine katika Kiingereza inawezekana kwamba sauti ya vowel inatokana na herufi nyingine tofauti).

2) Short form (short-fupi) /shoot foom/ Kuna njia ndefu na fupi ambazo mara nyingi hutumika katika Kiingereza. Kiingereza kina namna zote mbili: mfano: I am = I'm

I'm ni short form ya I am. Wazungumzaji wa Kiingereza hutumia namna zote mbili lakini hupendelea zaidi njia fupi wanapozungumza haraka. Short form haitumiki katika barua za kiofisi.

3) Weak form (weak-dhaifu) /wiik foom/

Baadhi ya maneno katika Kiingereza yana namna zaidi ya moja yanavyotamkwa hasa maneno mafupi ambayo hutumika mara nyingi. Kwa mfano the inaweza kutamkwa kama /dhii/ na pia kama /dha/ na neno and (na) linaweza kutamkwa kama /and/ au /and/. (/and/ ni weak form ya /and/ na /dha/ ni weak form ya /dhii/). Njia zote ni sahihi lakini wazumgaji wa Kiingereza wanapendelea zaidi weak form (ambayo ni ya haraka) wanapozungumza haraka.

4.) Positive, negative na question /pozativ negativ kweschan/ Katika Kiingereza, kuna aina tatu za sentensi. Sentensi inayotumika huathiri maneno yanayotumika na orodha ya maandishi yake: Positive (chanya): He is in London. (Yeye yupo London.) They are teachers. (Wao ni walimu.) Negative (hasi): He is not in London. (Yeye hayupo London.) They are not teachers. (Wao sio walimu.) Question (swali): Is he in London? (Je, yeye yupo London?) Are they teachers? (Je, wao ni walimu?)

Maandishi ya Matamshi: 1) Utangulizi: Tofauti na Kiswahili, Kiingereza cha kuandika mara nyingi hakitumii herufi zilezile kuwakilisha matamshi yaleyale katika Kiingereza cha kuongea. Namna nzuri ya kujifunza matamshi ya Kiingereza ni kusikiliza rekodi za maneno zilizoambatanishwa kwenye kozi. Lakini njia hii ikishindikana, tumia maandishi ya matamshi. teacher (mwalimu) /tiicha/ office (ofisi) /ofis/

Maandishi ya matamshi yameandikwa katikati ya mistari miwili na ni madogo zaidi kuhakikisha hayachanganywi na maneno halisi ya Kiingereza

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yaliyoandikwa.

2) Mistari: Herufi ambazo zina tofauti kubwa kati ya lugha mbili zinaoneshwa kwa mstari (aidha juu au chini): a ā i u mf. bus (basi) /bās/ linapozungumzwa na mzungumzaji, sauti ya katikati ya neno hili si sawa na sauti ya neno la Kiswahili 'basi'. Herufi bila mstari huashiria kuwa matamshi ni sawa au yanakaribiana na Kiswahili.

3) Italic: Baadhi ya herufi zinaandikwa katika italic(italiki): aa ii uu ai ea oo /italik/

/e f g h i j k l m n/ (herufi i, j na k zimeandikwa katika staili ya italic)

Hii ni kuwakumbusha wasomaji kuwa katika Kiingereza sauti zinazotokana na herufi hizi mbili pamoja zinazungumzwa kama silabi moja na siyo silabi mbili. Kwa maana hiyo sauti ii katika neno la Kiingereza teacher (/tiicha/) ni tofauti na sauti ii katika neno la Kiswahili 'mtalii'.

4) Bold (mkazo): Mara nyingi sehemu ya neno inaandikwa katika staili ya bold: /bould/

/a b c d e f g h i j/ (herufi f,g na h zimeandikwa staili ya bold)

Hii inaonesha kuwa sehemu ya neno lililoandikwa kwa staili ya bold linatamkwa kwa mkazo zaidi kuliko sehemu isiyoandikwa kwa aina ya bold. mf: teacher (/tiicha/) Sehemu ya kwanza; tea- inatajwa kwa nguvu zaidi kuliko ya pili -cher. Katika neno behind (nyuma -a) /bihaind/, ni sehemu ya pili inayotamkwa kwa nguvu zaidi.

5) r Herufi r haijatokea katika maandishi ya baadhi ya maneno. mf. farm (shamba) /faam/ teacher /tiicha/ Hii ni kwa sababu wazungumzaji wengi wa Kiingereza hawatamki herufi hii (katika maneno haya) Kama neno linaishia na irabu na r, herufi r hutamkwa iwapo tu neno linalofuatia linaanza na sauti ya irabu pia. car (gari) /kaa/ His car is blue. (gari lake ni la buluu) /hiz kaar iz bluu/ Wazungumzaji wengi wa kimarekani na baadhi ya waingereza hutamka herufi r katika maneno haya na si kosa kufanya hivyo. Maandishi ya matamshi yanawakilisha matamshi ya wazungumzaji wa Kiingereza (cha Uingereza) kama kwenye rekodi.

Maongezi: Maongezi yaliyotumika katika kitabu hiki yanaonyesha mazungumzo ya kila siku ya kiingereza hivyo yameambatana na alama zinazoashiria kusita katika mazungumzo (wakati mzungumzaji anapoacha kuzungumza ili kufikiri. Zingatia kwamba vitu hivi kwa kawaida havipo katika lugha ya maandishi. Doti tatu (...) hutumika kuonesha pale mzungumzaji anapoacha au kuendelea kwa maongezi. Pia, baadhi ya sauti zinazotumika katika maongezi ya Kiingereza kama 'oh' na 'um' (ambazo uonesha mshangao na kusita katika maongezi) huwepo lakini hayawezi kutumika katika maandishi rasmi, kama barua ya kikazi. Maneno haya yamebanishwa kila yanapotokea. Tafsiri ya maandishi inawakilisha maana ya jumla na si ya neno kwa neno.

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Kwa kuwa mtiririko wa maneno ya Kiingereza na Kiswahili ni tofauti, maneno ya Kiingereza yametafsiriwa katikati ya maandishi, Pia, pale ambapo maneno yaliyotumika ni tofauti sana na Kiswahili, tafsiri ya neno kwa neno imetumika pamoja na tafsiri ya jumla.

Jinsi ya kufanya Mazoezi ya Kuongea: Mazoezi haya yanakupa nafasi ya kutumiamaneno uliyojifunza katika sentensi ambazo zina sarufi sahihi.

1.) Kubadilisha neno: Msikilize mzungumzaji anavyobadilisha neno katika sentensi kwa kutumia neno jingine kuunda sentensi mpya na ufanye kama alivyofanya. a) Mzumgumzaji atasoma sentensi na atakapomaliza neno jipya litatokea: Where is the hospital? school b) Mzungumzaji anatengeneza sentensi mpya kwa kutumia neno jipya na kuondoa neno liliokuwepo: Where is the school? Hivi ndivyo zoezi litaonekana katika Kiswahili: Hospitali iko wapi? shule Shule iko wapi? 2.) Kufanya mabadiliko mengine: Unapobadilisha neno moja katika sentensi mara nyingi utatakiwa kubadilisha neno jingine au maneno mengine ili sentensi mpya kwa sahihi mf.: Duka liko wapi? Yeye Yeye yuko wapi? Katika Kiswahili si sahihi kusema 'Yeye liko wapi? Huu ni mfano wa Kiingereza: I am a manager She She is a manager. Katika Kiingereza si sahihi kusema 'She am'. Kwa hiyo ni lazima tubadilishe 'am' kwenda 'is' wakati tunapobadilisha 'I' kwenda 'she'. Kwenye sauti zilizorekodiwa kuna muda wa kutosha wa kusema sentensi wewe mwenyewe halafu uangalie kama huko sahihi wakati mzungumzaji atakaposoma sentensi inayofuata. Jaribu kufanya mazoezi bila kuangalia kitabuni.

Orodha ya maneno yaliyotumika katika kitabu hiki, yameorodheshwa kwa orodha ya alphabetiki. (Maneno mengi ya Kiingereza yana maana zaidi ya moja- tafsiri iliyotolewa hapa katika baadhi ya maneno ni ile tu ilivyotulika katika kitabu hiki.) Pale ambapo tafsiri ya moja kwa moja haikupatikana, imetolewa nambari ya ukurasa ambapo neno hili limetumika ambapo utapata mifano ya matumizi ya neno hilo. a /ei, a*/ uk. 1 about abaut/ uk. 7, 9 add ongeza, jumlisha /ad/ afternoon mchana /aaftanuun/

altogether kwa pamoja /ooltagedha/ am kuwa, ni (uk. 5) /am, am*/ an (uk. 1) /an, an*/

and na /and, and*/ answer jibu /aansa/

anything else? kingine? /enithing els/ apple /apl/ tufaa are kuwa, ni (uk.1,5,6) /aa, a*/ army jeshi /aami/ artist msanii /aatist/

aspirin aspirini /asprin/ baby mtoto mchanga /beibi/ bad mbaya /bad/ bag mfuko /bag/

banana ndizi /banaana/ bar baa /baa/ because kwa sababu /bikoz,

bikaz/

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beer bia /bia/ before kabla /bifoo/ big kubwa /big/ bill bili /bil/ billion bilioni /bilian/ biscuit biskuti /biskit/ bottle chupa /botl/ box boksi /boks/

boy mvulana /boi/ bread mkata /bred/ Bristol jina la mji /bristal/ bus basi /bās/ but ila, lakini /bāt, bat*/ bye bye kwa heri /bai bai/

cafe mgahawa /kafei/ cake keki /keik/ called -itwa /koold/ can weza /kan, kan*/ can kopo /kan/

can I have...? naweza kupata...? /kan ai hav/

can I help you? nikusaidiaje? /kan ai help yuu/

car gari /kaa/ card kadi /kaad/ carrot karoti /karat/ certainly bila shaka /saatanli/ change chenji /cheinj/ chicken kuku /chikin/

children watoto /childran/ chips chipsi /chips/ chocolate chokoleti /choklat/ clean safisha, iliyo safi /kliin/ cloth kitambaa /kloth/ coffee kahawa /kofi/ company kampuni /kāmpani/ counter kaunta /kaunta/ cousin binamu /kāzan/ cup kikombe /kāp/ day siku /dei/ Divco jina la kampuni /divkou/

divide gawanya divided by gawanya kwa /divaidid bai/ doctor daktari /dokta/ double mara mbili /dābl/ drink kinywaji, -nywa /drink/ eat kula /iit/ egg yai /eg/ eight nane /eit/

eighteen kumi na nane /eitiin/ eighty themanini /eiti/ eleven kumi na moja /ilevan/ equals sawa sawa na /iikwalz/ evening jioni /iivning/ family familia /famali, famli/

farm shamba /faam/ farmer mkulima /faama/ father baba /faadha/ fifteen kumi na tano /fiftiin/ fifty hamsini /fifti/ fine nzuri, zima /fain/ fish samaki /fish/ five tano /faiv/ food chakula /fuud/ for (uk. 5,6,7,9) /foo/ fork uma /fook/ forty arobaini /footi/ four nne /foo/ fourteen kumi na nne /footiin/ from kutoka kwa /from/ fruit tunda /fruut/ give toa /giv/ glass glasi /glaas/ go enda /gou/ go back rejea, rudi /gou bak/ good vema, nzuri /gud/ goodbye kwaheri /gudbai/

half nusu /haaf/ happy -enye furaha /hapi/ has -wa na (uk. 5, 9 /haz/

have -wa na (uk. 5,7,9,11,12) /hav/ he yeye (mume) /hii/ hello hello /helou/ help msaada, -saidia /help/ her yeye (mke) /haa/ here hapa /hia/ here you are hii hapa /hia yuu

aa/ hey (salamu) /hei/ hi (salamu) /hai/ him yeye (mume) /him/ his -ake (mume) /hiz/ home nyumba /houm/ at home nyumbani /at houm/ hospital hospitali /hospital/ house nyumba /haus/ how much is...? ...ni bei gani? /hau māch iz/ how about you? na wewe je? /hau abaut yuu/

how's it going? mambo yanaendeleaje? /hauz it gouing/ hundred mia moja /hāndrad/ hungry -enye njaa /hāngri/ (in a) hurry -enye haraka /hāri/ I mimi /ai/ idea wazo /aidia/ in katika (uk. 1, 5, 9) /in/ is kuwa, ni (uk. 3, 5, 9) /iz/ it hii, hiki n.k. /it/

its –ake (uk. 12) /its/ job kazi /job/ John jina la mtu /jon/ Joseph jina la mtu /jousaf/ juice maji ya matunda /juus/ just tu (uk. 3) /just/

kerosene mafuta ya taa /kerasiin/ key ufunguo /kii/ kilo kilo /kiilou/ kilogram kilo /kilagram/ knife kisu /naif/ know jua /nou/ later baadae /leita/ lemon limao /leman/ litre lita /liita/ little kidogo /litl, lital/

live ishi /liv/ loaf mkate /louf/ London jina la mji /lāndan/ madam bibie /madam/ make tengeneza /meik/ man mwanaume /man/

manager meneja /manija/

mango embe /mangou/

match kiberiti /mach/ maybe labda /meibi/ me mimi /mii/ meat nyama /miit/ meet kutana /miit/ meeting mkutano /miiting/

melon tikiti /melan/ menu menyu /menyuu/ milk maziwa /milk/ million milioni /milian/ minus toa (hesabu) /mainas/ mobile (phone) simu ya mkononi /moubail foun/

moment muda kidogo /moumant/ money pesa /māni/ morning asubuhi /mooning/

multiplied by -zidishwa kwa (hesabu) /māltiplaid bai/ multiply zidisha /māltiplai/ my -angu /mai/ name jina /neim/ napkin tishu /napkin/ new mpya /nyuu/ news habari /nyuuz/ nice nzuri /nais/ night usiku /nait/ nine tisa /nain/ nineteen kumi na tisa /naintiin/ ninety tisini /nainti/ no hapana, si, hamna n.k. /nou/

23

no way usiniambie! (au 'hapana') (uk. 9,10,12) /nou wei/ not sio, si n.k. (uk. 5-8) /not/ now sasa /nau/ nowadays sikuhizi /nauadeiz/ number namba /nāmba/ of (uk. 1) /ov, av*/ office ofisi /ofis/ oh (uk. 8, 20) /ou/ okay sawa /oukei/

old iliyozeeka/ ya zamani /ould/ omelette yai lililochanganywa /omlat/ on (uk. 5, 14) /on/ one moja /wān/ or au /oo/ orange chungwa /orinj/ order agiza /ooda/

our yetu /aua/ papaya papai /papaia/ paper karatasi /peipa/ parent mzazi /pearant/ party sherehe /paati/ pea njegere /pii/ pen kalamu /pen/

pencil penseli (kalamu ya risasi) /pensal/ Phillip jina la mtu /filip/ photo picha /foutou/ photograph picha /foutagraaf/ plate sahani /pleit/ please tafadhali /pliiz/

plus jumlisha, ongeza (hesabu) /plās/ potato kiazi /pateitou/

pound paundi (pesa ya Uingereza) /paund/ present zawadi /prezant/ price bei /prais/ problem tatizo /problam/ quarter robo /kwoota/ question swali /kweschan/ razor kiwembe /reiza/ ready tayari /redi/ really kweli /riili/ rice mchele/wali /rais/ sack gunia /sak/ salt chumvi /solt/

Samantha jina la mtu /samantha/

sandwich sandwichi, sangweji

/san(d)wich, san(d)wij/ school shule /skuul/ seat siti, kiti /siit/ see ona /sii/

see you later tutaonana baadae /sii yuu leita/ serve hudumia /saav/ seven saba /sevan/

seventeen kumi na saba /sevantiin/ seventy sabini /sevanti/

she yeye (mke) /shii/ shilling shilingi /shiling/

shop duka /shop/ short fupi /shoot/ sir mheshimiwa (mume) /saa/ sister dada /sista/ six sita /siks/ sixteen kumi na sita /sikstiin/ sixty sitini /siksti/ slice silesi /slais/ small ndogo /smool/ so kwa hiyo /sou/ so sana, mno /sou/ soap sabuni /soup/ something kitu /sāmthing/ sorry samahani /sori/ spinach mchicha /spinich/ spoon kijiko /spuun/ still bado /stil/ stool stuli /stuul/

street mtaa, barabara /striit/ student mwanafunzi /styuudant/ subtract toa (hesabu) /sābtrakt/ sugar sukari /shuga/ table meza /teibl, teibal/

tablecloth kitambaa cha meza /teibalkloth/ take away -toa (hesabu), ondoa /teik awei/

tea chai /tii/ teacher mwalimu /tiicha/ telephone simu /telifoun/ tell ambia /tel/ ten kumi /ten/

thanks asante, shukrani /thanks/ thank you asante /thank yuu/ that ile, kile n.k. /dhat, dhat*/ the (uk. 3,6,9) /dhii, dha*/

their -ao /dhea/ them wao /dhem/ there pale /dhea/ these hizi /dhiiz/ they wao /dhei/ think dhani, fikiri, waza /think/ thirsty -enye kiu /thaasti/ thirteen kumi na tatu /thaatiin/ thirty thelathini /thaati/ this hiki /dhis/ those wao, hizo /dhouz/ thousand elfu /thauzand/ three tatu /thrii/

times mara, zidisha kwa (hesabu) /taimz/ together pamoja /tagedha/ tomato nyanya /tamaatou/ tomorrow kesho /tamorou/

toothpaste dawa ya meno/mswaki /tuuthpeist/

Trevor jina la mtu /treva/ twelve kumi na mbili /twelv/ twenty ishirini /twenti/ /twenti nain/ two mbili /tuu/ uncle mjomba /ānkl, ānkal/ us sisi /ās/

vegetable mboga za majani /vejtabl/ very sana /veri/ very well vizuri sana /veri wel/ voucher vocha /vaucha/ wait subiri, ngoja /weit/

waitress mhudumu (wa kike) /weitras/

washing powder sabuni ya kufulia /woshing pauda/ water maji /woota/ way njia /wei/ we sisi /wii/ what nini, gani /wot/ where wapi /wea/ who nani /huu/ why kwa nini /wai/ wipe futa /waip/ with pamoja na, na /widh/

without bila /widhaut/ yes ndio /yes/ you wewe /yuu/ your yako /yoo/

* weak form (angalia ukurasa 19)

© copyright James Munn 2015