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1
FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX - WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE?
International Conference in Gliwice 29 May 2006
Matthias DürrRWE AG
2
Diversity of the Energy Mix will be key
Each individual energy source has its own advantages and disadvantages
In a world of general uncertainties, no one knows how the costs and supply conditions will evolve – including economic and social costs
Therefore, a well thought-out strategy calls for a diversification of the energy mix in order to reduce dependence on the current polluting and imported sources
This also includes greater efficiency in power plants and in the deployment of plant and equipment, sparing use of valuable resources
Lignite is the only indigenous fuel available in Germany that can be extracted cost-effectively and without subsidies in the long term
3
Facts on lignite
Lignite is a domestic, zero-subsidy resource that is mined at the site of its utilization
Germany is the world’s number one lignite mining nation with 182 million tons of in 2004
92% of the lignite mined are used for power production and it accounted for 26.1 % of Germany’s total power production
Commercially attractive lignite resources in the „Rheinland“ alone account for ca. 50 billion barrels of oil equivalents (boe)
This energy content exceeds the remaining oil and gas resources in the entire north sea by the factor 1.3 (estimated at 40 billion barrels of oil equivalents)
At the current rate of depletion, resources in the Rhineland are expected to last for more than 200 years
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Significant fossil energy sources in the future energy mix
Global solutions
Inclusion of threshold and developing countries
Implementation of JI and CDM
Intelligent technology solutions for CO2 reduction
Source: IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2004 Edition
Increasing world energy consumption requires more use of fossil energy sources
Coal
Natural gas
Oil
Water etc.
Fossil
World electricity generation in bn MWh
25.8
2020
6.8
9.8
1.3
3.0
6.7
3.2
1.2
2.6
3.0
2003
16.7
Nuclear energy
+ 62 %
+ 55 %
4.9
Global climate protection requires efficient technologies and policies
5
Lignite is a modern energy
The near future:Increased efficiencies
Pre-dried lignite
The future:Zero-CO2 emissions plan
Zero-CO2 IGCC power plant
The CO2 emission penalization is a challenge for power generators, but modern lignite technology can turn the challenge into commercial advantage
Available today:Upgrade options
CO2-”cleaning” for modern steam technology
6
Our vision: Power production with CO2 separation and storage: RWE pursues IGCC* technology
* IGCC = Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle** without CO2 separation, above 51% thermal efficiency can be achieved*** assuming full cooperation of government agencies in approving partially new technology
RWE is the only company that combines coal power plant and gasification know-how (RWE Power) with the theoretical knowledge of CO2 storage in e.g. depleted gass wells (RWE Dea) in Europe.
Key data for the envisaged pilot plant:
450 MWel
40% efficiency with CO2 separation**
2.3 million tons of CO2 storage per annum
€ 1 billion investment
In production***2014
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Swift implementation by 2014 calls for parallel development of power plants and CO storage facilities
Power plant
CO2 storage site Screening, exploration, approval
Engineering, approval
Construction, commissioning
Construction, commissioning
ApprovalDecision to build
Start of operation
Approval Start of operation
2010 2014today 8/2007
DecisionEnergy source/location
The geological conditions found in the storage site will determine what amounts of CO2 can be fed at the start and how they can be increased
Project development
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Back-up
9
RWE has a strong Carbon Footprint due to Coal based Activities
Germany: Power Produced in 2005 in TWh( own plants only)Lignite 70.91)
Nuclear energy 45.1
Hard coal 16.7
Gas 12.52)
Others 3.3
Total 148.5
Hard coal 17.8
Gas 14.82)
Oil 0.3
Others 0.5
Total 33.4
CO2 emissions in 2005120 million tons
UK: Power Produced in 2005 in TWh
CO2 emissions in 200522.7 million tons
1) Including plant consumption2) Inlcuding CHP
10
Lighthouse Project of RWE‘s Climate Strategy: The zero-CO2 power plant
Drying Coal gasification Gas treatmentCO2 capture
Gas and steamturbine
Power
Dry coal
Raw coal
11
Power generation with CO2 capture and storage: RWE is pushing forward the IGCC technology
per pipeline toCO2 storage facility
* IGCC = Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
RWE has the in-house know-how in power plant and gasification processes (RWE Power) and basic knowledge for CO2 storage (DEA)
can also be used as H2, or to produce SNG, methanol, fuel
IGCC*Gas and steam
turbinePower
Hydrogen
CO2
450 MWgross
Oxygen
CoalGasification
12
CO2 storage at the IGCC power plant
CO2 is liquefied in the power plant using high pressure, transported per pipeline and permanently stored at great depths underground.
Power
H2O
Coal IGCC power plant
Depth: approx. 1,000 – 3,000 m
Aquifer, old oil, gas field(North German basin)
CO2
13
RWE is strenghtening its development of CO2 scrubbing - for lignite and hard coalTechnology suitable for retrofitting existing power plants and those being built
Power
Power
Air
Coal
Advanced steam power plant
CO2
Zero-CO2 flue gas
per pipeline toCO2 storage site
CO2 scrubber
14
Development steps towardsearly availability of the CO2 scrubber
Development of new scrubbing agents in the context of the EU CASTOR project/test facility at Esbjerg PP (DK)
Creation of partnerships with suppliers and chemical industry for development and optimization
Plant trialling in lignite-fired power plant of RWE
– until 2008: pilot project
– from 2009: demonstration plant (start of engineering)
RWE budget: approx. € 90 mill.