1. Drivers of change

Drivers of change

1.1. Livestock at the crossroads

1.2. Livestock for development

1.3. Globalisation of the livestock industry

1.4. Regionalisation vs globalisation

1.1. Livestock at the crossroads

Livestock Revolution: livestock production has to double

Livestock’s Long Shadow: environmental impact livestock

Competing claims on rural areas

A call for socially desirable livestock systems: a license to produce

Poverty alleviation and food security

Livestock Revolution

1.3. Globalisation

Livestock Revolution

Livestock Revolution

FAO analysis of 88 countries: population growth: 77% increase in meat consumption

and 86% increase in milk consumption

E and SE Asia also change in diet (fruits&vegetables, milk&meat)

Be cautious about generalizing global data

Mainly industrial systems are meeting the increased demand

Mixed farming will remain the dominant farming system

Increasing demands vs food security and livelihoods:

1.2. Livestock for development

Livestock’s Long Shadow

2006April 2008

5. Livestock and the Environment

Competing claims on rural areas

Landscape: open silent and quiet

Competing claims on rural areas

1.4. Regionalisation vs globalisation

- Multi-functional livestock systems as

response to the limits of modernization

- Hobby farming, nature grazing, care farming, organic farming: also in other FLS sections, just as conventional farming.

- How can we maintain all functions, including agriculture,

within our rural areas?

Socially desirable livestock systems

3. Livestock and society

License to produce

Political pressure

‘Mega-farms’, agro parks, or both not?

‘Rural development’

Political pressures: Quest for sustainability

Europe: the paradigm of modernization through

industrialisation is questioned

Developments worldwide:

-first government stimulates modernization

-negative effects and criticism from society

-government starts to take regulatory measures

-time lag: the Netherlands, 10 y

Mission statement Dutch ministry: towards a

sustainable animal husbandry Challenges: globalisation, climate change, from quantity to quality,

aging, urbanisation

How: System innovations

Health & welfare

Societal embedding

Energy & environment

Market & entrepreneurship

Consumer responsibilities

Summary is in the reader!

Mission statement Dutch ministry: towards a

sustainable animal husbandry

Animal production respectful towards men, animals and environment

all over the world

Projects in EU countries have to be developed in this context!

Other mission statements

Farmers’ organisation LTO: Innovation and sustainability the key issues Family farms the mainstay 2020: 75% cattle grazing, farmers manage the majority of the rural areas Closed nutrient cycles Sustainable energy use and reduction in greenhouse gases

Committee van Doorn: future of intensive livestock farming All chain partners signed the Convention of Den Bosch Transform the livestock sector into a sustainable sector friendly to the three Ps Human health Reduction antibiotics Animal welfare and health Manure and the environment

Other mission statements

Plea wide group of Dutch scientists: Consumption animal products should be reduced Animal welfare the focal point No antibiotics or hormones Closed nutrient cycles the norm Megafarms not allowed Farmers a decent living

Answer Animal Sciences group: Livestock farming with care Public health: food safety and security Quality of the environment Respect for the individual animal Modern entrepreneurship considers requirements of the animals, society,

environment and the farmer

Livestock farming with care

One of its results: a collection of essays on options and prospects

helping to inform and enrich the debate.

There is not one answer: strength in diversity

Political pressures: Poverty alleviation and food

security

1 billion people are food insecure

2 billion people are extremely poor

Political pressures: Poverty alleviation

Millennium Development Goals, see reader

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Achieve universal primary education

Promote gender equality and empower women

Reduce child mortality

Improve maternal health

Combat HIV, malaria, other diseases

Ensure environmental sustainability

Develop a global partnership for development

Each goal has several targets

MDGs

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger:

number of people with less than 1$ should be halved in 2015

Half of the rural population is food insecure

Three quarters keep livestock

They produce 60% of the meat and 75% of the milk in developing

and transforming countries

Livestock is a livelihood asset: employment, income, high quality

nutrients, supporting crop production

Livestock should not be fed with food products

MDGs

Promote gender equality and empower women

Animals often the responsibility of women

Access to and control of products and income?

Livestock innovations add to workload women

Ensure environmental sustainability

Manure, Traction, Genetic resources with unique qualities

Greenhouse gas emissions, Pollution, Biodiversity

Projects in developing or transforming countries have to contribute to MDGs

Livestock at the crossroads

There are myths

There are paradoxes

Choices are needed for which development pathway to follow

New systems are needed that go beyond common dilemma’s

Strength in diversity

GRAZINGSYSTEMS

SPECIALIZEDCROP

SYSTEMS

SPECIALIZEDCROPS

INDUSTRIALLIVESTOCKSYSTEMS

MIXED SYSTEMS

CROP SYSTEMS

SPECIALIZEDLIVESTOCK

Area - wide

crop and livestock

integration

New functions

Intensification

Specialization

Organization

Drivers: population pressure, economic growth

Intensification InvolutionNutrient depletion

Nutrient surplusHealth&WelfareSocietal acceptance

Development Pathways Farming Systems

22

high-

tech

multifunct.

landuse

intensification

diversity

comm.p&p

dairying

smallholder

dairy, p&p

ranching

mixed farming

pastoralism

free-range p&p

EUDev. Countries, NIC’s

sustainable

conventional systems

organic

farming

social care farming

nature

farming

hobby

diversity

intensification

Future Livestock Systems