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Distributive Trade Statistics in African context: Challenges and good practices Nigerian situation

Presented byMrs. Oloyede Oluyemi(National Bureau of Statistics, (NBS) Abuja, Nigeria)

During the workshop for African Countries on the Implementation of International Recommendations for Distributive Trade Statistics Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

27-30 May, 2008,

United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) and African Centre for Statistics at Economic Commission for Africa (ACS)

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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Introduction Legal Framework Data sources Production of Distributive Trade Statistics

(DTS) Problems Recommendations/Conclusion End of Presentation

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INTRODUCTION

Definition of distribution trade statistics (DTS) DTS is an important economic activity

comprising wholesale, retail, export and import i.e. sales without transformation of any types of goods together with services incidental to sales such as repair, installation and delivery

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INTRODUCTION CONT; SCOPE The target population are the establishments

that are into wholesale, retail, export/import and other services that are incidental to sales such as repair & installation and delivery and employ 10 persons and above

COVERAGE Coverage: Survey of Distributive trade under NISE

covers all the states of the federation including Federal Capital Territory, Abuja

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INTRODUCTION CONT;

REGULARITY Survey of Distributive Trade has been conducted

on yearly basis since the year 2004 in which emphasis is on quarterly data under National Bureau of Statistics (NBS)/Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigeria Communication Commission (NCC) collaborative survey of Socio-Economic activities in Nigeria using an infrastructure called NISE (National Integrated Survey of Establishment)

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INTRODUCTION CONT;

HISTORY OF DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS The survey of distributive trade services started in Nigeria in 1971, as

a pilot survey. The subsequent surveys were in 1972,1973 and 1985 Then, on annual basis till date with preceding year as reference

period Quarterly survey of distributive trade began in 1998

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LEGAL FRAME WORK

Nigeria Statistical Act May 2007 has two main clauses; Enforcing any person or group in the country to

comply with information requested for by the authorized Statistical Agency- National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in Nigeria

Making it mandatory for the Statistical Agency to keep individual information of respondents secret

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DATA SOURCES

Distributive trade statistics in Nigeria is from statistical survey as classified in section G of ISIC Rev.3

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POST SURVEYS/COLLABORATIVE SURVEYS ON DTS

2004 NBS/CBN/NCC Survey of Socio-Economic Activities in Nigeria

2005 NBS/CBN/NCC Survey of Socio-Economic Activities in Nigeria

2006 NBS/CBN/NCC Survey of Socio-Economic Activities in Nigeria

2007 NBS/CBN/NCC Survey of Socio-Economic Activities in Nigeria, analysis is on going

The overall objective of collaboration is to collect statistics to facilitate the production of GDP and monitoring economic performance of DTS in the country

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PRODUCTION OF DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS

Production of distributive trade statistics involves: Sample frame Survey Methodology

Sample Design Survey Instruments Data Collection Monitoring Coordination Data processing Report writing Dissemination

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DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTCS SAMPLING FRAME

We have three source from which we obtain DTS frame: Value added Tax Register from Federal Inland Revenue Cooperate Affairs Commission National Bureau of Statistics

Frame is updated every 10 years in which sample are selected for the conduct of distributive trade statistics survey

The latest Frame updating was conducted in 2004 Currently, the 2007 frame updating is in process due to abnormalities in 2004 Items for the new template are :

Establishment Number Zone Senatorial District State Local Government Employment Size

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DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE FRAME CONT;

Nearest TownEstablishment namePhysical locationPostal addressEstablishment phone number E-mail addressLegal statusRegistration with CAC

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DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE FRAME CONT;

Year of operation Activity (name and code) Product (name and code of 2 main product) Import Export Sector

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SAMPLE DESIGN

Establishments engaging 10 persons and above Sample are selected proportion to size of

population in each state of the Federation Large establishments are selected with certainty Contribution to GDP

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The Instruments are: Questionnaire: Questionnaire for the survey of DTS undergo

review every year To meet the survey objectives,

questionnaires were reviewed based on previous year experience

Editing Guideline

SURVEY INSTRUMENTS:

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SURVEY INSTRUMENTS CONT; Data Items: DTS Questionnaire is usually divided into 13 sections Section 1- Identification : Name of establishment Physical location Postal Address Nearest Town State Local Government Contact person telephone number Year of commencement

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DATA ITEMS CONT;

Type of ownership Type of activity engaged in Section 2: Employment Section 3: Income Section 4: Costs of Goods sold Section 5: Cost of Operation Section 6: Capital Expenditure

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DATA ITEMS CONT; Section 7: Source of working capital Section 8: Profit/ Loss before tax Section 9: Net Asset Section 10: Working Capital Section 11: Information and Communication

Technology Section 12: Problems facing the

Establishment Section 13: Certification

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TRAINING

Before going to the field for data collection

training is always conducted at two levels: Training of trainers (TOT) at Headquarters

which involved senior officers from NBS,CBN and NCC

Training of field staff at state which also involves Zonal Controllers, State Officers and Supervisors and enumerators

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DATA COLLECTION Field work arrangement: Arrangement is made on how data would be collected

within a given period of time

Monitoring/Retrieval Objectives of monitoring

To ensure good data quality To identify sources of errors and correct them To ensure the implementation of guidelines To measure the size of errors

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DATA COLLECTION CONT;

COORDINATION Zonal Controllers and State Officers

coordinate the field work in their Zones or States

This is to meet up with the time line

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DATA PROCESSING/ANALYSIS Data processing and analysis is been done at the NBS

headquarters Field editing is first carried out and followed by manual

editing and coding in the office on the retrieved questionnaires.

The editing, basically involves correcting anomalies like illegibility, unreasonable entries, arithmetic errors, inconsistency, impossible magnitude and making imputations where need be e.t.c

The next stage is data entry, followed by computer editing/data cleaning, then tables generation.

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DATA PROCESSING/ANALYSIS Analysis Analysis is made on the following economic

indicators: Employment Emolument of employees Cost of goods sold Value of sales Gross Margin Cost of Operation Total working capital

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OUTPUT

The output had been encouraging in the above economic indicators except total working capital that decreased by 35 percent in 2006 compared to 2005 survey result

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USES OF DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS Formulation of policy Planning purposes To study the trend of wages and salaries

earned Changes in sales Contribution to GDP

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REPORT WRITING

Report is written on the tables generated by Senior Officers of the subject matter division

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DISSEMINATION STRATEGY

The data generated are available in both hard and soft copies.

Through Press and Electronic media Workshop organized to sensitize the public Bulletin Newsletters CD Internet Flash disk

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CURRENT STATUS

2007 Survey of Distributive Trade Statistics is now at the analysis stage

There is an improvement in the response rate

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ACHIEVEMENT

Improvement in DTS Frame Frame updating Continuity in data production

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PROBLEMS

Delay/low response Respondents not giving correct information Problem of call-backs Partial completion of questionnaires Establishment don’t keep record Surveys in Nigeria are capital intensive Fear of taxation

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Recommendations/Conclusion

Recently there is a lot of improvement in

generation of data in Nigeria Efforts are been made to involve stakeholders Bring in the umbrella agency Development of State Statistical Year book for

administrative statistics The constants need for users/Producers’ and suppliers

workshop The enforcement of statistical act

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End of Presentation

Thank U